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Bhinmal

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Bhinmal
भीनमाल
city
Bhinmal Railway Station
Bhinmal Railway Station
CountryIndia
StateRajasthan
DistrictJalor
Government
 • MP (Member of Parliament)Devji M Patel
 • MLA (Member of Legislative Assembly)Pura Ram Choudhary
Elevation
146 m (479 ft)
Population
 (2011)
 • Total39,280
Languages
 • OfficialHindi
Time zoneUTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN
343029
Telephone code02969
Vehicle registrationRJ-16 and RJ-46 (New)

Bhinmal (old names: Bhillamala and Srimala[1]) is a town in the Jalore District of Rajasthan, India. It is 72 km south of Jalore town. Bhinmal was the capital of Gurjaradesa, comprising southern Rajasthan and northern Gujarat of modern times.

The town is the birthplace of the Sanskrit poet Magha and mathematician and astronomer Brahmagupta.

History

Previously Bhinmal was called Shrimaal nagar. Shrimali Brahmins community originate from here.[citation needed] Bhinmal was the early capital of the kingdom of Gurjaradesa, a name derived from the Gurjara people. The name of the town during the medieval age was Bhillamal. Xuanzang visited Bhillamal (Bhinmal) in about 641 AD. He called it Pi-lo-mo-lo and documented the Gurjara kingdom 833 miles in circuit, the second largest kingdom in Western India.[2][3]

Stone inscriptions of the year 1333 of the Vikrama Samvat (1277 AD) are found among ruins of some ancient temples across the town. There are signs that Lord Mahavira Swami, the 24th Jain Tirthankar, wandered here, known as 'jeevit swami'. According to the Chinese traveller Xuanzang, the King of Bhinmal was a Kshatriya, celebrated for his wisdom and virtue, a believer in Buddhism and Jainism and a man of exceptional abilities. He was just twenty years old. The people of the country were flourishing. Brahmanism and Jainism dominated the city. There was only one Buddhist monastery with 100 monks in 'Buddha Vaas' neighbourhood.

Ala ud din Khilji as the second ruler of the Khilji dynasty also destroyed and looted Srimala (ancient Bhinmal) when he conquered Jalore in 1310 AD.[citation needed] Prior to that ,Srimala was a premier city of northwestern India. The city was laid out in the shape of a square. It has 84 gates. The mid-15th-century chronicle Kanhadade Prabandha provide the descriptions of many Islamic attacks on Bhinmal.[citation needed]

There were several temples of Jain Tirthankar and Hindu gods such as Ganapati, Kshetrapala, Chandikadevi, and Shiva. The Sun temple of Bhinmal known as Jagatsvami was one of the earliest and most famous temples of Rajasthan. The temple had beautiful torana (archway). The temple was perhaps built during the reign of Gurjara Pratiharas who were sun worshippers. In ancient time, the festival was held at temple in the Hindu calendar month of Asvin.

There were also a number of Jain temples, the one of Mahavira (Mhaveerji) being the most famous. This temple was built by king Kumarpal and established by Acharya Hemachandra, dedicated to 1st Jain Tirthankar Rishabha. Currently, the temple is dedicated to the 24th Jain Tirthankar Mahavira, re-established by Vidhyachandra Suri of Tapagachha, belonging to the Tristutik sect.

Bhinmal was a great centre of learning. The well known Sanskrit poet Magha, the author of Sisupalavadha, lived here in 680 AD. Brahmagupta, the well-known mathematicians astronomer, was born in 598 AD in Bhinmal. He is likely to have lived most of his life in the town, during the empire of Harsha. As a result Brahmagupta is often referred to as Bhillamalacarya, the teacher from Bhillamala (Bhinmal). He was the head of the astronomical observatory at Ujjain, and during his tenure he wrote two texts on mathematics and astronomy: The Brahma Sphuta Siddhanta in 628, and the Khandakhadyaka in 665. The well known Jain scholar Siddharshi Gani, a resident of Bhinmal wrote Upmitibahava prapancha katha in 905 AD. The Jain Ramayana was written by Jain monk Vijayagani in 1595 AD. Jain Acharya Udyotan Suri wrote kuvyalmala (a Sanskrit story book) here.

The city of Bhinmal had four gates. At a distance of 8 kilometres in the north there was the Jalori gate, in the south Laxmi gate, in the east the Sun gate and in the west Sanchori gate.

Jainism in Bhinmal

This city has witnessed many rises and falls. Stone inscriptions of the year 1333 of the Vikrama Samvat (1277 AD) are found among ruins of temples. There are signs here and there showing that Lord Mahavira Swami, the 24th Jain Tirthankar wandered about here. They can provide historical evidence to researchers.

There was a time when this city had a circumference of 64 kilometres and the fort had 84 gates. This city looked beautiful with hundreds of pinnacled temples. From the 7th to the 10th century, talented Jain monk/writer Acharya Haribhadra, Mundas Gani, Udayprabhsuri, Mahnedrsuri, Rajendrasuri and many more created here valuable Jain literature and sanctified and beautified this place. The temple of the 23rd Jain Tirthankar Parshvanatha in Hathi pole area is regarded to be very ancient. This temple has great archaeological importance. A golden idol of Shri Parshvanatha in Padmasana posture is the presiding deity.

Apart from the many ancient Jain Temples across the town, there is a temple of jains called 72 Jinalayas - the 72 temple comlex with the 72 Tirthakar (24 Past + 24 Future + 24 Current)as per jainism. It is the largest jain temple which conclude 19 years of its making. One more significant temple complex dedicated to Mahavir Swami and Osia Mataji called as Bafna Waddi Tirth is there just outside the town.

Out of 108 Parshvanatha, "Shri Bhaya-Bhanjan Parshvanatha" also located in the town where thousands of Jain and other pilgrims come to the town and offer their prayer here.

Geography

Bhinmal is located at 25°00′N 72°15′E / 25.0°N 72.25°E / 25.0; 72.25.[4] It has an average elevation of 155.33 metres (479 feet).

Economy

The economy of the town and surrounding area is mainly based on agriculture and animal husbandry. Oilseeds (especially mustard oilseeds) are the predominant crop. Jeera, wheat, bajra, kharif pulses, barley, jowar and seasmum are other produces.

Bhinmal is the main Mandi (market) for agricultural produce of the area. The town has Krishi Upaj Mandi Samiti ( Agricultural Produce Market Committee) . Food Corporation of India has its warehouses here. The town is main supply point for various agricultural inputs like fertilisers, seeds and pesticides and for agricultural implements, motors, tractors and spare parts.

Bhinmal is known for fine quality of Mojari (embroided lather shoes) . The small towns nearby bhinmal also had fine workers of Mojari.There are many types of mojari like badagaun, panjabi, tarawali,jariwali, left-right and goal ru jodu are made by the workers called mochi or jeenagars.

There are no large- or medium-size industries in the Bhinmal RICO industrial area. The predominant small scale industries are granite slabs and tiles, marble cutting and polishing, mustard seed crushing, skimmed milk powder, butter and ghee, handloom cloth, and leather shoes (mojari).

Infrastructure

Transport

Bhinmal is connected to Rajasthan state and other major cities of India by road as well as Railway. The local transportation system within the city includes Auto-Riksha only.

Bhinmal is on Samadari-Bhildi section of North Western Railway. The name of railway station is Marwar Bhinmal. The railway tracks are broad gauge.Bhinmal is connected to all major cities by all weather roads.

Electricity

There is one sub grid station of 400/220 KV at Bhinmal. The town receives power from Power Grid Corporation of India's grid station in Kota District. Almost all villages of the Bhinmal sub division are electrified. City electricity board are operated by Jodhpur Vidhut Vitran Nigam Limited and its office is located at Station Road Bhinmal for O&M and its transmission system is operated from Raniwara road, through 220 kv GSS under RVVNL

Water

The town gets drinking water from nimbawas, and Rajpura. Drinking water supply is managed by PHED (water dept. of Govt. of Rajasthan), while the main source of irrigation for farmers continues to be from wells.

Accommodation

There are many hotels in the town. Some well known hotels are: Hotel Samarat,Hotel Gokul Palace,Hotel Gurudev,Hotel Neelkamal,Hotel Rajdeep and Hotel Sagar. The heritage hotel known as Castle Durjan Niwas is at village Daspan 25 km from Bhinmal. There is a Government Rest house too run by Public Works Department (PWD).

Education

The town has a graduate/degree College called G K Gowani Govt. College affiliated to Jai narain vyas university, Jodhpur and accredited by National Assessment and Accreditation Council(NAAC).On 23 August 2013 Bhinmal college is upgraded to Post-Graduate by Department of College Education, Govt of Rajasthan. Now GK Gowani Govt College, Bhinmal will act as the Post-Graduate extension centre (HINDI) to cater to the higher educational needs of rural and semi urban students of town and this region.

There are three higher secondary and about forty-five primary and middle schools in Bhinmal. This city also has a Govt. Girls School (Govt.G.Sec.Sr.Sch.) up to senior secondary level.

Bhinmal has more than 160 primary and middle schools run by education department of Rajasthan government as well as private sector. Adrash Vidhya Mandir Sr. Sec. ,Madhav International School English and Hindi medium, Vidya Bhawan, New Sacred Heart English School are good private schools in Bhinmal.

Communication

  • Telecommunications:All the basic phone and cellphone service provider companies have their network in Bhinmal. Broadband and Dial Up Internet and fax services is available at main Tel.exchange building of BSNL.Apart from BSNL, all private mobile service operators like airtel, Idea Cellular, MTS,Vodafone,Reliance,aircel and Tata Indicom providing cellphone services.
  • Post:Bhinmal Post Office have broadband and leased line connectivity to provide web-enabled services like e-post, instant money order, electronic money order, Internet-based customer care services and Cyber cafe for e.g.: shyam communication

Medical/Hospital Facility

Bhinmal town has good medical facilities. The town has a government referral hospital near gandhi maidaan and many private hospitals. There is an Aryuvedic hospital too. And also in government hospital there are good facilities. there are almost 13 Private Hospital in Bhinmal city.

Sports

The town has a stadium by name of Shivaraj Stadium. It was inaugurated by staging Ranji trophy match in December 1985 between Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh. It has indoor and outdoor games facilities. The yearly state level badminton tournament held here.

Banking

Four nationalised Banks State Bank of Bikaner & Jaipur, Punjab National Bank, Bank of Baroda, yes bank, kotak Mahindra bank, Bank of India and State Bank of India have their branches here. Some co-operative and local banks also have their branches in the town. They are: Jalore Nagrik Sahakari Bank ltd., Madhav Nagrik Sahakari Bank Ltd., Marwar Gramin Bank, Jalore Central Cooperative Bank, Bhumi Vikas Bank AND N.P credit co-op society ltd.

Library

The town has two public libraries one is managed by the municipality and other one by Saraswati Temple Trust.

Administrative set-up

  • The town is one of two sub -divisions in Jalore district.
  • The Bhinmal sub division covers three tehsils namely Bhinmal, Sanchore and Raniwara and four panchayat samitis namely Bhinmal, Sanchore, Raniwara and Jaswantpura.
  • The civic affairs are administered by the Bhinmal Municipal Council (BMC) (Nagarpalika Mandal Bhinmal), with executive power vested in the Municipal executive officer. The Council comprises 25 directly elected councillors representing the twenty five municipal wards. Three nominated Councillors and a local MLA also have a rights of councillor.
  • The Bhinmal sub-division area is under the jurisdiction of a Deputy District Collector/Sub divisionl Officer (SDO)
  • The Bhinmal got septate District Transport Office (DTO) including Vehicle Registration Code RJ-46 allotted by Transport Department of Govt of Rajasthan on 19 July 2013.[5]
  • Bhinmal Tehsildar is in charge of property records and revenue collection of Bhinmal tehsil
  • The Bhinmal Police is headed by a Deputy Superintendent of Police who is an IPS officer.
  • Bhinmal also has a Lower court, the Small Causes Court for civil matters and the Sessions Court for criminal cases.
  • Bhinmal constituency elects one member to the Vidhan Sabha (Rajasthan State Assembly)[6]
  • Mr.Hiralal bohra is selected as chairman of Municipality Bhinmal
  • Mr. Pooraram choudhary is elected as MLA of Bhinmal in State Legislative Assembly.
  • Mrs.Channi Deram bishnoi is elected as pradhan of p.s.Bhinmal.

.

Demography

As of 2001 India census,[7] Bhinmal had a population of 221546. Rural Population is 184751, urban population is 39280, Males constitute 53% of the population and females 47%. Bhinmal has an average literacy rate of 52%, lower than the national average of 59.5%; with male literacy of 67% and female literacy of 36%. 18% of the population is under 6 years of age.

check http://jalore.nic.in/cens.html

Temples in Bhinmal

Jain Temples

Hindu Temple

  • Khimat Mataji / Kshemekari Mataji Temple (Mataji ki Bhakri temple)- Kul Devi of Doshi's, Vanigota's, Solanki's, Morakhiya's and in all 84 total kul (sect).
  • Nagdevta Temple (Gogaji) at Mataji Road - Kuldevta of Jogani's
  • Varaha Shyam temple
  • Chandinath temple
  • Neel Kantha Mahadev temple
  • Mahalaxmi temple, Mahalaxmi road
  • Mahalakshmi Kamaleshwari temple, Dhora-dhal
  • Baba Ramdevji temple {mataji ki bhakri} meghwal samaj
  • Gayatri temple
  • Fafariya Hanuman temple
  • Baba Ramdevji temple Jeengar bazar
  • Vishwakarma temple
  • Kashi Vishwanath mandir Jeengar Bazar
  • Saraswati temple
  • Lord Shanidev Temple, Near Old Police Station.
  • Hnauman Mandir Lakharo ka chohata
  • Charbhuja temple (main market)
  • Ardhnareshwar Mahadev mandir
  • Varunachi yogeshwari mandir
  • Priyuteshwar mahadev mandir
  • Siddhivinayak mandir
  • Guru Jambheshwar mandir Char Rasta Bhinmal
  • Dhundhleshwar Mahadev Temple, Gajipura, Bhinmal
  • Boteshwar mahadev Temple,Karlu
  • Sundha mataji temple [sundhaparvat]
  • Hanumanji mandir sawidhar
  • Vatyakshni mataji mandir[8]
  • Bindukshini Mataji Mandir
  • Lord Rajeshwar mandir bhinmal (Choudhary)
  • Varahashayamji mandir bhinmal
  • Kalka Maa Mandir[Balotiya Kuldevi] (17th century)
  • Ganga mata mandir,jatiya mohalla,BHINMAL
  • Raneshwar Mahadev Mandir, Jakob Talab (Mali malaram chothaji gehlot)
  • gajanan saidham,bhinmal near shivraj stadium,jalore.
  • Pragteshwar Mahadev Temple, Near Yagyi's Niwas

Monuments

  • Chandinath Baori (Bavadi) (9th century)
  • Jeevdaya Gaushala
  • Jakoba Talab (8th century)
  • Bal samundra pond
  • Trayamkeshwer pond

Distances

Nearest Airports:

Nearest airstrips:

By Road

Bhinmal in News

Read here- The Times of India- http://epaperbeta.timesofindia.com/Article.aspx?eid=31810&articlexml=WANDERLUST-FESTIVAL-Three-day-travel-film-fest-concludes-04112014004041 Dainik Bhaskar- http://epaper.bhaskar.com/detail/?id=631489&boxid=113045115&ch=0&map=map&currentTab=tabs-1&pagedate=11%2F03%2F2014&editioncode=147&pageno=13&view=image

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Gopal, Lallanji (1989), The Economic Life of Northern India, C. A.D. 700-1200, Motilal Banarsidass Publishe, pp. 199–, ISBN 978-81-208-0302-2
  2. ^ Campbell, James MacNabb; Reginald Edward Enthoven (1901). Gazetteer of the Bombay Presidency. Govt. Central Press. p. 2. ISBN 81-206-0651-5.
  3. ^ Puri, Baij Nath (1986). The History of the Gurjara-Pratiharas. Delhi: Munshiram Manoharlal. p. 35.
  4. ^ Falling Rain Genomics, Inc - Bhinmal
  5. ^ http://www.transport.rajasthan.gov.in/PDF%20Files/Office%20Order%202013/Order2013_20.pdf
  6. ^ http://www.eci.gov.in/election-analysis/AE/S20/partycomp172.htm
  7. ^ "Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)". Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 2004-06-16. Retrieved 2008-11-01.
  8. ^ http://www.vatyakshnima.blogspot.com

References

1. Campbell, James MacNabb; Reginald Edward Enthoven (1901). Gazetteer of the Bombay Presidency. Govt. Central Press, 2. ISBN 81-206-0651-5.

2. Malabari, Behramji Merwanji; Krishnalal M. Jhaveri (1998). Gujarat and the Gujaratis: Pictures of Men and Manners Taken from Life. Asian Educational Services, 2. ISBN 81-206-0651-5. 3. Kirshna vaishnav

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