Geist und Seele wird verwirret, BWV 35

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Geist und Seele wird verwirret (Spirit and soul become confused), BWV 35, is a church cantata composed by Johann Sebastian Bach.

It was composed in Leipzig in 1726 for the twelfth Sunday after Trinity, which fell that year on 8 September, date of the work's premiere.

The prescribed readings for the day are 2 Corinthians 3: 4-11 and Mark 7: 31-37.

The texts are entirely drawn from Georg Christian Lehms' Gottgefälliges Kirchen-Opffer (1711).[1][2]

Because of the requirements that "new music" be composed as often as possible, Bach seldom chose older poems for his cantatas;[3] consequently, conductor Craig Smith has suggested that parts of this work may have been composed earlier than the first recorded Leipzig performance.[4] The cantata is one of three Bach cantatas written in Leipzig in the summer and fall of 1726, in which an alto soloist is the only singer, the others being Gott soll allein mein Herze haben, BWV 169 and Vergnügte Ruh, beliebte Seelenlust, BWV 170. It seems likely that Bach had a capable alto singer at his disposal during this period.

Furthermore, the work has two large concerto movements for organ and orchestra, probably from a lost keyboard, oboe or violin concerto,[5] perhaps indicating that the cantata was composed for a seasonal choral absentia at Thomaskirche[6]: the first nine bars of the opening Sinfonia are identical to the fragment BWV 1059.

There appear to be no underlying chorale theme in the work, perhaps because of the absence of choral numbers.

Scoring and structure

The piece is scored for oboes I/II/III, oboe da caccia (taille), obbligato organ, violins I/II, viola, and basso continuo, with one alto soloist. It is in seven movements, divided in two parts, each preceded by a sinfonia:

  1. Sinfonia (tutti)
  2. Aria: Geist und Seele wird verwirret (tutti).
  3. Recitativo: Ich wundre mich with continuo.
  4. Aria: Gott hat alles wohlgemacht with organo obbligato and continuo.
  5. Sinfonia (tutti)
  6. Recitativo: Ach, starker Gott with continuo.
  7. Aria: Ich wünsche nur bei Gott zu leben (tutti).

Recordings

References

  1. ^ Christoph Wolff (Eds.): Die Welt der Bach-Kantaten, Metzler/Bärenreiter, Stuttgart und Kassel, 3 Bände Sonderausgabe 2006 ISBN 3-476-02127-0
  2. ^ C. S. Terry and D. Litti, Bach's Cantata Libretti, Journal of the Royal Musical Association 1917 44(1):71-125; doi:10.1093/jrma/44.1.71
  3. ^ David R. M. Irving. Bach cantata cycles. Early Music 2008 36(1):150-152.
  4. ^ C. Smith Geist und Seele wird verwirret at www.emmanuelmusic.org
  5. ^ Laurence Dreyfus. The metaphorical soloist: Concerted organ parts in Bach's cantatas. Early Music 1985 13(2):237-247
  6. ^ Robert Fuchs; Oliver Hahn; Doris Oltrogge: "Geist und Seele sind verwirret...". Die Tintenfraß-Problematik der Autographen Johann Sebastian Bachs. In: Restauro Heft 2/2000, S. 116-121

Sources

  • Craig Smith, Programme notes - BWV 35, Emmanuel Music.
  • Walter F. Bischof, Text and orchestration for BWV 35, Bach Cantatas, University of Alberta.
  • Alfred Dürr: Johann Sebastian Bach: Die Kantaten. Bärenreiter, Kassel 1999, ISBN 3-7618-1476-3
  • Alfred Dürr: The Cantatas of J.S. Bach, Oxford University Press, 2006. ISBN 0-19-929776-2
  • Werner Neumann: Handbuch der Kantaten J.S.Bachs, 1947, 5th Ed. 1984, ISBN 3-7651-0054-4
  • Hans-Joachim Schulze: Die Bach-Kantaten: Einführungen zu sämtlichen Kantaten Johann Sebastian Bachs. Leipzig: Evangelische Verlags-Anstalt; Stuttgart: Carus-Verlag 2006 (Edition Bach-Archiv Leipzig) ISBN 3-374-02390-8 (Evang. Verl.-Anst.), ISBN 3-89948-073-2 (Carus-Verl.)
  • Christoph Wolff/Ton Koopman (Eds.): Die Welt der Bach-Kantaten, Metzler/Bärenreiter, Stuttgart und Kassel, 3 Bände Sonderausgabe 2006 ISBN 3-476-02127-0
  • Luigi Ferdinando Tagliavini. Studi sui testi delle Cantate sacre di J. S. Bach. Università di Padova, pubblicazioni della Facoltà di Lettere e Filosofia, vol. XXXI, Padova & Kassel, 1956, xv-291.
  • Geoffrey Turner. Singing The Word: The Cantatas of J S Bach. New Blackfriars, volume 87, issue 1008, pages 144-154.
  • J. C. J. Day. The texts of Bach's Church cantatas: some observations. German Life and Letters, volume 13 (1960), num. 2, pages 137-144.
  • Harald Streck. Die Verskunst in den poetischen Texten zu den Kantaten J. S. Bachs. Dissertation: Universität Hamburg 1971, 214 pages.

External links

External links

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