Longyan
Longyan | |
---|---|
Chinese transcription(s) | |
• Simplified | 龙岩 |
• Traditional | 龍岩 |
• Pinyin | Lóngyán |
![]() | |
Country | ![]() |
Province | Fujian |
City seat | Xinluo |
Area | |
• Total | 19,069 km2 (7,363 sq mi) |
Population (2010 Census) | |
• Total | 2,559,545 |
• Density | 130/km2 (350/sq mi) |
Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
Postal code | 364000, 366000 |
Area code | 597 |
GDP | 2009 [2] |
- Total | CNY 74.845 billion (USD 10.97 billion) |
- per capita | CNY 26,971 (USD 3,952) |
- Growth | ![]() |
License Plate | 闽F |
Local dialect | Hakka Chinese |
Website | www.LongYan.gov.cn |
Longyan (simplified Chinese: 龙岩; traditional Chinese: 龍岩; pinyin: Lóngyán; Hakka language: Liùng-ngàm) is a prefecture-level city in southwestern Fujian province, China.
Geography
It is situated in the upper reaches of the Jiulong and Tingjiang rivers. Longyan borders on the municipalities Sanming to the north, Quanzhou to the east, Zhangzhou to the southeast, and the provinces of Jiangxi and Guangdong to the west and south respectively.
Demographics
The prefecture-level city of Longyan had a population of 2,559,545 inhabitants as of 2010, according to the 2010 National Census.[3] The population of Longyan in 2010 was 4.65% inferior than in 2000 (when the inhabitants of the city stand at 2,684,310), giving an average annual rate of growth of -0.47%.
Administration
The municipal executive, legislature and judiciary are in Xinluo District (新罗区), together with the CPC and Public Security bureaux. The information about population uses the 2010 Census data.
English Name | Simplified | Traditional | Pinyin | Hakka | Area | Population | Density |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Xinluo District | 新罗区 | 新羅區 | Xīnluó Qū | Sîn-lò-khî | 2,685 | 662,429 | 247 |
Zhangping City | 漳平市 | 漳平市 | Zhāngpíng Shì | Chông-phìn-sṳ | 2,975 | 240,194 | 81 |
Changting County | 长汀县 | 長汀縣 | Chángtīng Xiàn | Tshòng-tin-yen | 3,099 | 393,390 | 127 |
Yongding County | 永定县 | 永定縣 | Yǒngdìng Xiàn | Yún-thin-yen | 2,216 | 362,658 | 164 |
Shanghang County | 上杭县 | 上杭縣 | Shàngháng Xiàn | Sông-hông-yen | 2,879 | 374,047 | 130 |
Wuping County | 武平县 | 武平縣 | Wǔpíng Xiàn | Vú-phìn-yen | 2,630 | 278,182 | 106 |
Liancheng County | 连城县 | 連城縣 | Liánchéng Xiàn | Lièn-sàng-yen | 2,596 | 248,645 | 96 |
History
In 736 AD, (the Tang Dynasty (唐朝)), the Tingzhou prefecture was established in western Fujian (or Minxi (闽西)), administering Changting, Huanglian and Xinluo counties. Six years later Xinluo was named Longyan for the nearby cavern, a famous scenic site.
Due to the ancient conflicts in central China and aggression from northern tribes, many Han people moved from central China to Longyan. These were the Hakka people. The city Changting is often referred to as the home of the Hakka and the Tingjiang River is known as the "mother river" of the Hakka people.
in 1734, the area was designated Longyan Prefecture by the imperial court. In 1913, it reverted to its former name Longyan County and in 1981, Longyan City was established.
Minxi was a strategic base during the Chinese Civil War.
It's said that tens of thousands of people from Longyan joined the PLA during the Chinese Civil War, and nearly every family had someone sacrificed lives on behalf of CCP side. There are more than 26,000 locals that took part in the Long March which in total is carried out by 86,000. Moreover, during 1955 and 1968, 68 people from Longyan were awarded Brigadier General or above, which accounts for 82% of all generals from Fujian province at the time, therefore, Longyan is also named after "The Home of Generals".[4]
Culture
Longyan is famous for it as the Home of Hakka People as Hakka people takes up 75% of entire population,[5] but actually Longyan is more or less multicultural. For example, the dialect of Xinluo District is a language compromising approximately half Hakka and half Minnan dialect(spoken in the southeast of Fujian province and whole Taiwan). Considering the difference between Minnan culture and Hakka's, it's not surprising to find a diversity of traditions and values in Longyan.
Environment
Unlike many Chinese cities, the forest coverage of Longyan reaches an unusually high 77.9%, which is unparalleled in Fujian province.[5]
Economy
Longyan serves as a strategic center for the distribution of goods to Xiamen, Quanzhou and Zhangzhou. It also acts as a gateway for trade with Guangdong and Jiangxi province. It is the main connection between the inland and coastal area.
Longyan is rich in natural resources - important mineral deposits and forest zones. The Septwolves tobacco business is an important contributor to the local economy, as is the Zijin Mining group.
Famous people of Longyan
- Aw Boon Haw (Chinese: 胡文虎; pinyin: Hú Wénhǔ) from Yongding county, Tiger Balm King of Singapore
- Aw Boon Par (Chinese: 胡文豹; pinyin: Hú Wénbào) brother of Aw Boon Haw, and the other half of the Tiger Balm empire.
- Chen Hong (陈宏) (b. 1979), number 1 badminton player on the world ranking list from 2002 to 2003.
- He Wenna (何雯娜) (b. 1989), trampoline gymnast, gold medalist at the 2008 Summer Olympics.
- Lin Dan (林丹) (b. 1983), gold medalist at the 2008 Summer Olympics, number 1 badminton player on the world ranking list from 2004 to 2008.
- Shi Zhiyong (石智勇) (b. 1980), Weightlifter, gold medalist at the 2004 Summer Olympics.
- Yang Chengwu (Chinese: 杨成武; Pinyin: Yáng Chéngwǔ; 1914–2004), a Proletarian Revolutionist and a military strategist of the People's Liberation Army.
- Zhang Dingcheng (simplified Chinese: 张鼎丞; traditional Chinese: 張鼎丞; pinyin: Zhāng Dǐngchéng; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: TiuⁿTiaⁿ-seng; 1898 - December 16, 1981), the Procurator-General of the Supreme People's Procuratorate from 1954 to 1975.
- Zhang Xiangxiang (张湘祥) (b. 1983), Weightlifter, gold medalist at the 2008 Summer Olympics and bronze medalist at the 2000 Summer Olympics.
- Deng Zihui邓子恢(1896–1972) former vice premier(1951–1965), one of the top leaders of the Chinese Communist Party.
See also
References
- ^ "2008年行政区划" (in Simplified Chinese). Longyan Municipal Statistic Bureau. 2009-06-05. Retrieved 2009-12-08.
- ^ "2009年龙岩市国民经济和社会发展统计公报" (in Simplified Chinese). Longyan Municipal Statistic Bureau. 2010-03-12. Retrieved 2010-05-03.
- ^ Template:Zh icon Compilation by LianXin website. Data from the Sixth National Population Census of the People's Republic of China
- ^ 百度百科-龙岩 The introduction of Longyan on Baidu Encyclopedia
- ^ a b 市情特点 The characteristics of Longyan(in Simplified Chinese)
External links
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png)