200 metres
| Athletics 200 metres | |
|---|---|
 Athletes leaving starting blocks for a 200 metres heat at the 2012 Olympic Games | |
| World records | |
| Men |  Usain Bolt 19.19 (2009) |
| Women |  Florence Griffith-Joyner 21.34 (1988) |
| Olympic records | |
| Men | Usain Bolt 19.30 (2008) |
| Women | Florence Griffith-Joyner 21.34 (1988) |
The 200 metres (also spelled 200 meters) is a sprint running event. On an outdoor 400 m track, the race begins on the curve and ends on the home straight, so a combination of techniques are needed to successfully run the race. A slightly shorter race, called the stadion and run on a straight track, was the first recorded event at the ancient Olympic Games. The 200 m places more emphasis on speed endurance than shorter sprint distances as athletes rely on different energy systems during the longer sprint.
In the United States and elsewhere, athletes previously ran the 220-yard dash (201.168 m) instead of the 200 m (218.723 yards), though the distance is now obsolete. The standard adjustment used for the conversion from times recorded over 220 yards to 200 m times is to subtract 0.1 seconds,[1] but other conversion methods exist. Another obsolete version of this race is the 200 metres straight, which was run on tracks that contained such a straight. Initially, when the International Amateur Athletic Association (now known as the International Association of Athletics Federations) started to ratify world records in 1912, only records set on a straight track were eligible for consideration. In 1951, the IAAF started to recognise records set on a curved track. In 1976, the straight record was discarded.
The race attracts runners from other events, primarily the 100 metres, wishing to double up and claim both titles. This feat has been achieved by men eleven times at the Olympic Games: by Archie Hahn in 1904, Ralph Craig in 1912, Percy Williams in 1928, Eddie Tolan in 1932, Jesse Owens in 1936, Bobby Morrow in 1956, Valeriy Borzov in 1972, Carl Lewis in 1984, and most recently by Jamaica's Usain Bolt in 2008, 2012, and 2016. The double has been accomplished by women seven times: by Fanny Blankers-Koen in 1948, Marjorie Jackson in 1952, Betty Cuthbert in 1956, Wilma Rudolph in 1960, Renate Stecher in 1972 and Florence Griffith-Joyner in 1988. Marion Jones finished first in both races in 2000 but was later disqualified and stripped of her medals after admitting to taking performance-enhancing drugs. An Olympic double of 200 m and 400 m was first achieved by Valerie Brisco-Hooks in 1984, and later by Michael Johnson from the United States and Marie-José Pérec of France both in 1996. Usain Bolt is the only man to repeat as Olympic champion, Bärbel Wöckel (née Eckert) and Veronica Campbell-Brown are the two women who have repeated as Olympic champion.
The men's world record holder is Usain Bolt of Jamaica, who ran 19.19s at the 2009 World Championships. The women's world record holder is Florence Griffith-Joyner of the United States, who ran 21.34s at the 1988 Summer Olympics. The reigning Olympic champions are Usain Bolt and Elaine Thompson (Jamaica). The reigning World Champions are Bolt and Dafne Schippers (the Netherlands).
Races run with an aiding wind measured over 2.0 metres per second are not acceptable for record purposes.
Continental records
| Area | Men | Women | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time (s) | Wind | Athlete | Nation | Time (s) | Wind | Athlete | Nation | |
| Africa (records) | 19.68 | +0.4 | Frank Fredericks |  Namibia |
22.07 | -0.1 | Mary Onyali |  Nigeria
|
| Asia (records) | 19.97 | -0.4 | Femi Ogunode |  Qatar |
22.01 | 0.0 | Li Xuemei |  China
|
| Europe (records) | 19.72[A] | +1.8 | Pietro Mennea |  Italy |
21.63 | 0.2 | Dafne Schippers |  Netherlands
|
| North, Central America and Caribbean (records) |
19.19 WR | -0.3 | Usain Bolt | Jamaica |
21.34 WR | 1.3 | Florence Griffith-Joyner | United States
|
| Oceania (records) | 20.06[A] | +0.9 | Peter Norman |  Australia |
22.23 | 0.8 | Melinda Gainsford-Taylor | Australia
|
| South America (records) | 19.81 | -0.3 | Alonso Edward |  Panama |
22.48 | 1.0 | Ana Cláudia Lemos |  Brazil
|
All-time fastest 200 m athletes
- Only the fastest time for each athlete is listed.
- A = Altitude
All-time top 25 men (outdoors)
As of August 2016 [2]
| Rank | Time | Wind | Athlete | Nation | Date | Place | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | 19.19 | −0.3 | Usain Bolt | Jamaica |
20 August 2009 | Berlin | |
| 2. | 19.26 | +0.7 | Yohan Blake | Jamaica |
16 September 2011 | Brussels | |
| 3. | 19.32 | +0.4 | Michael Johnson |  United States |
1 August 1996 | Atlanta | |
| 4. | 19.53 | +0.7 | Walter Dix | United States |
16 September 2011 | Brussels | |
| 5. | 19.57 | +0.4 | Justin Gatlin | United States
|
28 June 2015 | Eugene | [3] |
| 6. | 19.58 | +1.3 | Tyson Gay | United States |
30 May 2009 | New York City | |
| 7. | 19.63 | +0.4 | Xavier Carter | United States |
11 July 2006 | Lausanne | |
| 8. | 19.65 | 0.0 | Wallace Spearmon | United States |
28 September 2006 | Daegu | |
| 9. | 19.68 | +0.4 | Frankie Fredericks | Namibia |
1 August 1996 | Atlanta | |
| 10. | 19.72A | +1.8 | Pietro Mennea | Italy |
12 September 1979 | Mexico City | |
| 11. | 19.73 | −0.2 | Michael Marsh | United States |
5 August 1992 | Barcelona | |
| 12. | 19.74 | +1.4 | Lashawn Merritt | United States
|
8 July 2016 | Eugene | [4] |
| 13. | 19.75 | +1.5 | Carl Lewis | United States |
19 June 1983 | Indianapolis | |
| +1.7 | Joe DeLoach | United States |
28 September 1988 | Seoul | |||
| 15. | 19.77 | +0.7 | Ato Boldon |  Trinidad and Tobago |
13 July 1997 | Stuttgart | |
| 16. | 19.79 | +1.2 | Shawn Crawford | United States |
26 August 2004 | Athens | |
| +0.9 | Warren Weir | Jamaica |
23 June 2013 | Kingston | |||
| 18. | 19.80 | +0.8 | Christophe Lemaitre |  France |
3 September 2011 | Daegu | |
| +2.0 | Rasheed Dwyer | Jamaica
|
23 July 2015 | Toronto | [5] | ||
| -0.3 | Andre de Grasse |  Canada
|
17 August 2016 | Rio de Janeiro | [6] | ||
| 21. | 19.81 | −0.3 | Alonso Edward | Panama |
20 August 2009 | Berlin | |
| +0.4 | Churandy Martina | Netherlands
|
25 August 2016 | Lausanne | [7] | ||
| 23. | 19.83A | +0.9 | Tommie Smith | United States |
16 October 1968 | Mexico City | |
| 24. | 19.84 | +1.7 | Francis Obikwelu | Nigeria |
25 August 1999 | Seville | |
| 25. | 19.85 | −0.3 | John Capel | United States |
23 July 2000 | Sacramento | |
| −0.5 | Konstadinos Kederis |  Greece |
9 August 2002 | Munich | |||
| 0.0 | Nickel Ashmeade | Jamaica |
30 August 2012 | Zurich | |||
| +1.9 | Ameer Webb | United States
|
6 May 2016 | Doha | [8] |
Notes
Below is a list of all other legal times inside 19.60:
- Usain Bolt also ran 19.30 (2008), 19.32 (2012), 19.40 (2011), 19.55 (2015), 19.56 (2010), 19.57 (2009), 19.58 (2012), 19.59 (2009).
- Yohan Blake also ran 19.44 (2012), 19.54 (2012).
All-time top 25 women (outdoors)
As of May 2016
| Rank | Result | Wind | Athlete | Nation | Date | Location | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | 21.34 | +1.3 | Florence Griffith-Joyner | United States |
29 September 1988 | Seoul | |
| 2. | 21.62A | −0.6 | Marion Jones | United States |
11 September 1998 | Johannesburg | |
| 3. | 21.63 | +0.2 | Dafne Schippers | Netherlands |
28 August 2015 | Beijing | [9] |
| 4. | 21.64 | +0.8 | Merlene Ottey | Jamaica |
13 September 1991 | Brussels | |
| 5. | 21.66 | +0.2 | Elaine Thompson | Jamaica |
28 August 2015 | Beijing | [10] |
| 6. | 21.69 | +1.0 | Allyson Felix | United States |
30 June 2012 | Eugene | [11] |
| 7. | 21.71 | +0.7 | Marita Koch |  East Germany
|
10 June 1979 | Karl-Marx-Stadt | |
| +0.3 | 21 July 1984 | Potsdam | |||||
| +1.2 | Heike Drechsler | East Germany
|
29 June 1986 | Jena | |||
| −0.8 | 29 August 1986 | Stuttgart | |||||
| 9. | 21.72 | +1.3 | Grace Jackson | Jamaica |
29 September 1988 | Seoul | |
| −0.1 | Gwen Torrence | United States |
15 August 1992 | Barcelona | |||
| 11. | 21.74 | +0.4 | Marlies Göhr | East Germany |
3 June 1984 | Erfurt | |
| +1.2 | Silke Gladisch | East Germany |
3 September 1987 | Rome | |||
| +0.6 | Veronica Campbell-Brown | Jamaica |
21 August 2008 | Beijing | |||
| 14. | 21.75 | −0.1 | Juliet Cuthbert | Jamaica |
5 August 1992 | Barcelona | |
| 15. | 21.77 | +0.6 | Inger Miller | United States |
27 August 1999 | Seville | |
| 16. | 21.81 | −0.1 | Valerie Brisco-Hooks | United States |
9 August 1984 | Los Angeles | |
| 17. | 21.83 | −0.2 | Evelyn Ashford | United States |
24 August 1979 | Montreal | |
| 18. | 21.85 | +0.3 | Bärbel Wöckel | East Germany |
21 July 1984 | Potsdam | |
| 19. | 21.87 | 0.0 | Irina Privalova |  Russia |
25 July 1995 | Monaco | |
| 20. | 21.93 | +1.3 | Pam Marshall | United States |
23 July 1988 | Indianapolis | |
| 21. | 21.95 | +0.3 | Katrin Krabbe | East Germany |
30 August 1990 | Split | |
| 22. | 21.97 | +1.9 | Jarmila Kratochvilova |  Czechoslovakia |
6 June 1981 | Bratislava | |
| 23. | 21.99 | +0.9 | Chandra Cheeseborough | United States |
19 June 1983 | Indianapolis | |
| +1.1 | Marie-Jose Perec | France |
2 July 1993 | Villeneuve d'Ascq | |||
| +1.1 | Kerron Stewart | Jamaica |
29 July 2008 | Kingston | |||
| +1.9 | Tori Bowie | United States |
28 May 2016 | Eugene | [12] |
Notes
Below is a list of all other legal times inside 21.80:
- Florence Griffith-Joyner also ran 21.56 (1988), 21.76 (1988), 21.77 (1988).
- Merlene Ottey also ran 21.66 (1990), 21.77 (1993).
- Marita Koch also ran 21.76 (1982), 21.78 (1985).
- Marion Jones also ran 21.76 (1997).
- Gwen Torrence also ran 21.77 (1995).
- Elaine Thompson also ran 21.78 (2016).
- Silke Gladisch also ran 21.79 (1987).
All-time top 10 men (indoors)
| Rank | Result | Athlete | Nation | Date | Location | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | 19.92 | Frankie Fredericks | Namibia |
18 February 1996 | Lievin | [13] |
| 2. | 20.10 | Wallace Spearmon | United States |
11 March 2005 | Fayetteville | |
| 3. | 20.19 | Trayvon Bromell | United States |
14 March 2015 | Fayetteville | [14] |
| 4. | 20.25 | Linford Christie |  United Kingdom |
19 February 1995 | Lievin | |
| 5. | 20.26 | Obadele Thompson |  Barbados |
6 March 1999 | Maebashi | |
| Shawn Crawford | United States |
10 March 2000 | Fayetteville | |||
| John Capel | United States |
10 March 2000 | Fayetteville | |||
| Andre De Grasse | Canada |
14 March 2015 | Fayetteville | [15] | ||
| 9. | 20.27 | Walter Dix | United States |
10 March 2006 | Fayetteville | |
| 10. | 20.30 | Xavier Carter | United States |
10 March 2006 | Fayetteville |
All-time top 10 women (indoors)
| Rank | Result | Athlete | Nation | Date | Location |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | 21.87 | Merlene Ottey | Jamaica |
13 February 1993 | Lievin |
| 2. | 22.10 | Irina Privalova | Russia |
19 February 1995 | Toronto |
| 3. | 22.27 | Heike Drechsler | East Germany |
7 March 1987 | Indianapolis |
| 4. | 22.33 | Gwen Torrence | United States |
3 February 1996 | Atlanta |
| 5. | 22.38 | Veronica Campbell-Brown | Jamaica |
18 February 2005 | Birmingham |
| 6. | 22.39 | Marita Koch | East Germany |
5 March 1983 | Budapest |
| Ionela Tirlea |  Romania |
6 March 1999 | Maebashi | ||
| 8. | 22.40 | Bianca Knight | United States |
14 March 2008 | Fayetteville |
| 9. | 22.41 | Galina Malchugina | Russia |
13 March 1994 | Paris |
| 10. | 22.43 | Svetlana Goncharenko | Russia |
22 February 1998 | Lievin |
Season's best
As of 27 August 2015
|
|
Olympic medallists
Men
Women
World Championship medallists
Men
Medalists by country
| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | United States (USA) |
11 | 7 | 8 | 26 |
| 2 | Jamaica (JAM) |
4 | 3 | 0 | 7 |
| 3 | Namibia (NAM) |
1 | 3 | 0 | 4 |
| 4 | Trinidad and Tobago (TTO) |
1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| 5 | Greece (GRE) |
1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
 Turkey (TUR)
|
1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
| 6 | Brazil (BRA) |
0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| Canada (CAN)
|
0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
| France (FRA)
|
0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
| Great Britain (GBR)
|
0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
 South Africa (RSA)
|
0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
| 7 | Panama (PAN) |
0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 8 |  Botswana (BOT)
|
0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
 Ecuador (ECU)
|
0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
| Italy (ITA)
|
0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
 Japan (JPN)
|
0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
| Nigeria (NGR)
|
0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
 Saint Kitts and Nevis (SKN)
|
0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
Women
Medalists by country
| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Jamaica (JAM) |
6 | 6 | 5 | 17 |
| 2 | United States (USA) |
4 | 9 | 2 | 15 |
| 3 | East Germany (GDR) |
2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| Netherlands (NED)
|
2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | |
| 4 |  Germany (GER) |
1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| 5 | Russia (RUS) |
1 | 1 | 2 | 4 |
| 6 |  Bahamas (BAH) |
1 | 0 | 2 | 3 |
| Great Britain (GBR)
|
1 | 0 | 2 | 3 | |
| 7 |  Ukraine (UKR) |
1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 8 |  Ivory Coast (CIV) |
0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 9 |  Sri Lanka (SRI) |
0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 10 | France (FRA) |
0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 11 |  Cayman Islands (CAY) |
0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
 Switzerland (SUI)
|
0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
| Nigeria (NGR)
|
0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
Notes and references
- ^ "Converting Times from English to Metric Distances". National Federation of State High School Associations. Archived from the original on 16 March 2008. Retrieved 26 December 2007.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|deadurl=ignored (|url-status=suggested) (help) - ^ "200 Meters All Time". IAAF. Retrieved 11 January 2015.
- ^ "200m Dash Results". flashresults.com. 28 June 2015. Retrieved 28 June 2015.
- ^ Roy Jordan (9 July 2016). "Rollins wins 100m hurdles showdown at US Olympic Trials". IAAF. Retrieved 9 July 2016.
- ^ "200m Semifinal 1 Results" (PDF). results.toronto2015.org. 23 July 2015. Retrieved 25 July 2015.
- ^ "Men's 200m Semifinal 2 Results" (PDF). Rio 2016 official website. 17 August 2016. Retrieved 18 August 2016.
- ^ "200m Results" (PDF). sportresult.com. 25 August 2016. Retrieved 26 August 2016.
- ^ "200m Results" (PDF). sportresult.com. 6 May 2016. Retrieved 6 May 2016.
- ^ "200m Results". IAAF. 28 August 2015. Retrieved 28 August 2015.
- ^ "200m Results". IAAF. 28 August 2015. Retrieved 28 August 2015.
- ^ Ed Gordon (1 July 2012). "Marritt hurdles world-leading 12.93, Felix blazes 21.69 in Eugene – U.S. Olympic Trials, Day 7". IAAF. Retrieved 1 July 2012.
- ^ "Prefontaine Classic 2016 Results". tilastopaja.org. 28 May 2016. Retrieved 28 May 2016.
- ^ http://www.alltime-athletics.com/m_200ok.htm
- ^ "200m Dash Results". ncaa.com. 14 March 2015. Retrieved 15 March 2015.
- ^ "200m Dash Results". ncaa.com. 14 March 2015. Retrieved 15 March 2015.
External links
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