Demography of England

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The non-metropolitan counties and unitary authorities of England, colour-coded to show population. The City of London is not included.

The demography of England has since 1801 been measured by the decennial national census, and is marked by centuries of population growth and urbanisation. Due to the lack of authoritative contemporary sources, estimates of the population of England for dates prior to the first census in 1801 vary considerably.

Contents

Population[edit]

See also: Population of the countries of the United Kingdom

The population at the time of the 2011 census was 53,012,456

Historical population[edit]

Historical population
Year Pop.   ±%  
1801 7,754,875 —    
1811 8,762,178 +13.0%
1821 10,402,143 +18.7%
1831 12,011,830 +15.5%
1841 13,654,914 +13.7%
1851 15,288,885 +12.0%
1861 18,325,052 +19.9%
1871 21,361,235 +16.6%
1881 24,397,385 +14.2%
1891 27,231,229 +11.6%
1901 30,072,180 +10.4%
1911 33,561,235 +11.6%
1921 35,230,225 +5.0%
1931 37,359,045 +6.0%
1941 38,084,321 +1.9%
1951 38,668,830 +1.5%
1961 41,159,213 +6.4%
1971 43,460,525 +5.6%
1981 45,978,080 +5.8%
1991 48,197,672 +4.8%
2001 49,138,831 +2.0%
2011 53,012,456 +7.9%
Sources[3], [4]

BC[edit]

  • 5000 BC – fewer than 20
  • 3000 BC – c. 100,000
  • 1800 BC – c. 300,000
  • 100 BC – c. 1.5 million[5]

[edit]

  • 1100 – 3.25 million.[6]
  • 1315 – Between 4 and 6 million.[6]
  • 1350 – 3 million or fewer.[7]
  • 1541 – 2,774,000 [note 1][8]
  • 1601 – 4,110,000 [8]
  • 1651 – 5,228,000 [8]
  • 1701 – 5,058,000 [8]
  • 1751 – 5,772,000 [8]
  • 1801 – 8,308,000 at the time of the first census. Census officials estimated at the time that there had been an increase of 77% in the preceding 100 years. In each county women were in the majority.[9] Wrigley and Schofield estimate 8,664,000 based on birth and death records.[8]
  • 1811 – 9,496,000
  • 1821 – 11,158,000
  • 1831 – 12,993,000
  • 1841 – 14,866,000
  • 1851 – 16,769,400
  • 1861 – 18,776,300
  • 1871 – 21,298,000
  • 1881 – 24,402,700
  • 1891 – 27,231,200
  • 1901 – 30,515,000
  • 1911 – 33,651,600
  • 1921 – 35,230,200
  • 1931 – 37,359,000
  • 1951 – 41,042,200
  • 1961 – 43,983,300
  • 1971 – 45,870,100
  • 1981 – 46,623,500
  • 1991 – 48,067,300
  • 2001 – 49,138,831[10]
  • 2002 – 49,652,000[11]
  • 2003 – 49,866,000[11]
  • 2004 – 50,111,000[11]
  • 2005 – 50,466,000[12]
  • 2006 – 50,762,900[13]
  • 2007 – 51,092,000[14]
  • 2008 – 51,456,400[15]
  • 2011 – 53,013,000[16]

Place of birth[edit]

Country of birth Population  % of total
population
Total 53,012,456 100.00
England 44,246,592 83.46
Scotland 708,872 1.34
Wales 506,619 0.96
Northern Ireland 206,735 0.39
UK not otherwise specified 6,499 0.01
Republic of Ireland 395,182 0.75
Other EU Member Countries (pre 2001) 894,908 1.69
Other EU 2001 Accession Countries (post 2001) 1,085,351 2.04
Other Countries 4,961,698 9.36
Source: 2011 Census: KS202EW National identity, local authorities in England and Wales, Accessed 22 December 2012

Age[edit]

The data below is based on the 2011 census.[17] In 2001, the mean age of England's population was 38.60, and the median age was 37.00.

Ages attained
(years)		 Population  % of total
population		  % per year
of age band
0–4 3,318,449 6.26 1.25
5–9 2,972,632 5.61 1.12
10–14 3,080,929 5.81 1.16
15–19 3,340,265 6.30 1.26
20–24 3,595,321 6.78 1.36
25–29 3,650,881 6.89 1.38
30–34 3,509,221 6.62 1.32
35–39 3,549,116 6.69 1.34
40–44 3,885,934 7.33 1.47
45–49 3,879,815 7.32 1.46
50–54 3,400,095 6.41 1.28
55–59 2,996,992 5.65 1.13
60–64 3,172,277 5.98 1.20
65–69 2,508,154 4.73 0.95
70–74 2,044,129 3.86 0.77
75–79 1,669,345 3.15 0.63
80–84 1,258,773 2.37 0.47
85–89 776,311 1.46 0.29
90+ 403,817 0.76 -

Life expectancy at birth[18]

  • January 2001 – December 2003
    • Males: 76.24 years
    • Females: 80.72 years
  • January 2002 - December 2004
    • Males: 76.55 years
    • Females: 80.91 years
  • January 2003 - December 2005
    • Males: 76.92 years
    • Females: 81.14 years

Ethnicity[edit]

See also: Ethnic groups in the United Kingdom


The 2001 and 2011 census estimated the following ethnic groups:

Ethnic group 2001
population		 2001
%		 2011
population		 2011
%
White: British 42,747,136 87.0 42,279,236 79.8
White: Irish 624,115 1.3 517,001 1.0
White: Irish Traveller/Gypsy[note 2] 54,895 0.1
White: Other 1,308,110 2.7 2,430,010 4.6
White: Total 44,679,361 91.0 45,281,142

85.4
Asian or Asian British: Indian 1,028,546 2.1 1,395,702 2.6
Asian or Asian British: Pakistani 706,539 1.4 1,112,282 2.1
Asian or Asian British: Bangladeshi 275,394 0.6 436,514 0.8
Asian or Asian British: Chinese 220,681 0.5 379,502 0.7
Asian or Asian British: Asian Other 237,810 0.5 819,403 1.6
Asian or Asian British: Total 2,468,970 5.1 4,143,403

7.8
Black or Black British: Caribbean 561,246 1.1 591,016 1.1
Black or Black British: African 475,938 1.0 977,741 1.8
Black or Black British: Other 95,324 0.2 277,857 0.5
Black or Black British: Total 1,132,508 2.3 1,846,614

3.5
Mixed: White and Caribbean 231,424 0.5 415,616 0.8
Mixed: White and African 76,498 0.2 161,550 0.3
Mixed: White and Asian Other 184,014 0.4 332,708 0.6
Mixed: Other Mixed 151,437 0.3 283,005 0.3
British Mixed: Total 643,373 1.4 1,192,879

2.0
Other: Arab[note 3] 220,985 0.4
Other: Any other ethnic group 214,619 0.4 327,433 0.6
Other: Total 214,619 0.4 548,418

1.0
Total 49,138,831 100 53,012,456

100

Notes for table above

  1. ^ Estimates for 1541–1751 have been rounded to the nearest thousand
  2. ^ In 2001 part of the White Other category. New category created for the 2011 census
  3. ^ In 2001 part of the 'Other' category. New category created for the 2011 census
Source: 2001 Census KS06 Ethnic group: Key Statistics for local Authorities and 2011 Census: KS201EW Ethnic group: local authorities in England and Wales.

Religion[edit]

Main article: Religion in England
Religion
 Population  % of total
population
Christian 31,479,876 59.4
Muslim 2,660,116 5.0
Hindu 806,199 1.5
Sikh 420,196 0.8
Jewish 261,282 0.5
Buddhist 238,626 0.4
Other religion 227,825 0.4
No religion 13,114,232 24.7
Not stated 3,804,104 7.2
Source: 2011 Census - KS209EW Religion, local authorities in England and Wales.

See also[edit]

Notes[edit]


References[edit]

  1. ^ "2011 Census: Population Estimates for the United Kingdom". Office for National Statistics. 27 March 2011. Retrieved 18 December 2012. 
  2. ^ "National Statistics Online – Live births". Statistics.gov.uk. Retrieved 2010-07-09. 
  3. ^ http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/unit/10061325/cube/TOT_POP
  4. ^ http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/dcp171778_292378.pdf
  5. ^ Francis Pryor, Britain BC 2003.
  6. ^ a b John Hatcher and Mark Bailey, Modelling the Middle Ages, Oxford University press, 2001, pg. 29
  7. ^ Stuart James Borsch, The Black Death in Egypt and England: a comparative study, University of Texas Press, 2005.
  8. ^ a b c d e f Wrigley and Schofield, "The Population History of England, 1541-1871. A reconstruction.", Harvard University Press, 1981, Table 7.8, pgs. 208-9, [1]
  9. ^ Notes for 1801 taken from Kent 1800–1899 – A Chronicle of the Nineteenth Century Bob Ogley (Froglets Publications 2003) ISBN 1-872337-51-1
  10. ^ National Statistics, 2001 Census
  11. ^ a b c http://www.statistics.gov.uk/downloads/theme_population/Population_trends_132.pdf
  12. ^ National Statistics, UK population grows to more than 60m (2006-08-24)
  13. ^ "National Statistics Online – Population Estimates". Statistics.gov.uk. Retrieved 2010-07-09. 
  14. ^ "National Statistics Online – Product". Statistics.gov.uk. Retrieved 2010-07-09. 
  15. ^ http://www.statistics.gov.uk/downloads/theme_population/Current_QPEs_June95_Dec08.xls
  16. ^ http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/dcp171778_270487.pdf
  17. ^ UK Statistics (2011-03-27). "2011 Census: Usual resident population by five-year age group and sex, United Kingdom and constituent countries". UK Statistics. Retrieved 2012-12-19. 
  18. ^ Neighbourhood Statistics. "Life Expectancy at Birth for City of London, London, England". Neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk. Retrieved 2010-07-09. 

External links[edit]
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Dependencies and
other territories
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