2013 Iranian presidential election: Difference between revisions

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Registration for candidates took place from 7 to 11 May 2013.<ref name=Libnan>[http://www.yalibnan.com/2012/12/15/iran-to-hold-presidential-election-on-june-14-2013/ Iran to hold presidential election on 14 June 2013], ''[[Ya Libnan]]'', 15 December 2012</ref><ref name=irna1512>{{cite news|title=Minister: Registration of candidates for next presidential elections to start May 6, 2013|url=http://irna.ir/en/News/80456854/Politic/Minister__Registration_of_candidates_for_next_presidential_elections_to_start_May_6,_2013|accessdate=10 February 2013|newspaper=IRNA|date=15 December 2012}}</ref> Registered candidates' qualifications were then reviewed by the [[Guardian Council]].<ref>http://mellat.majlis.ir/archive/CONSTITUTION/ENGLISH.HTM</ref> On May 7, Sadeq Vaez Zadeh was the first candidate who officially registered.<ref name="khabaronline.ir">{{cite web|url=http://khabaronline.ir/detail/291376/politics/election |title=خبرآنلاین - حضور صادق واعظ زاده اولین نامزد ریاست جمهوری در وزارت کشور |publisher=Khabar online|accessdate=23 May 2013}}</ref> On 21 May 2013 eight candidates were approved for placement on the ballot.
Registration for candidates took place from 7 to 11 May 2013.<ref name=Libnan>[http://www.yalibnan.com/2012/12/15/iran-to-hold-presidential-election-on-june-14-2013/ Iran to hold presidential election on 14 June 2013], ''[[Ya Libnan]]'', 15 December 2012</ref><ref name=irna1512>{{cite news|title=Minister: Registration of candidates for next presidential elections to start May 6, 2013|url=http://irna.ir/en/News/80456854/Politic/Minister__Registration_of_candidates_for_next_presidential_elections_to_start_May_6,_2013|accessdate=10 February 2013|newspaper=IRNA|date=15 December 2012}}</ref> Registered candidates' qualifications were then reviewed by the [[Guardian Council]].<ref>http://mellat.majlis.ir/archive/CONSTITUTION/ENGLISH.HTM</ref> On May 7, Sadeq Vaez Zadeh was the first candidate who officially registered.<ref name="khabaronline.ir">{{cite web|url=http://khabaronline.ir/detail/291376/politics/election |title=خبرآنلاین - حضور صادق واعظ زاده اولین نامزد ریاست جمهوری در وزارت کشور |publisher=Khabar online|accessdate=23 May 2013}}</ref> On 21 May 2013 eight candidates were approved for placement on the ballot.


[[BBC News]] commented that all eight approved candidates were "considered hardline conservatives," with reformist candidates (notably former president [[Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani]]) having been barred from standing.<ref>[http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-22615000 "Rafsanjani and Mashaei barred from Iran presidency poll"], BBC News, 21 May 2013</ref> In contrast, [[Lebanon]]'s [[Daily Star(Lebanon)|Daily Star]] newspaper described attempts by former presidents [[Mohammad Khatami]] and [[Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani]] to unite behind one or the other of two "reformist candidates," [[Hassan Rouhani]] and [[Mohammad Reza Aref]].<ref>[http://www.dailystar.com.lb/News/Middle-East/2013/Jun-08/219775-iranian-reformists-struggle-to-settle-on-candidate.ashx#axzz2VcnkTzZx Iranian reformists struggle to settle on candidate]Kristin Dailey, [[Daily Star (Lebanon)]], June 08, 2013</ref> Two of the eight, [[Gholam-Ali Haddad-Adel]] and [[Mohammad Reza Aref]], withdrew from the race on 10 and 11 June.<ref>[http://edition.cnn.com/2013/06/10/world/meast/iran-elections/?hpt=hp_t3 Conservative drops out of Iranian presidential election]</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Iran's Mohammad Reza Aref quits presidential race|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-22851764#TWEET785230|publisher=BBC|accessdate=11 June 2013}}</ref>
[[BBC News]] commented that all eight approved candidates were "considered hardline conservatives," with reformist candidates (notably former president [[Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani]] having been barred from standing.<ref>[http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-22615000 "Rafsanjani and Mashaei barred from Iran presidency poll"], BBC News, 21 May 2013</ref> In contrast, [[Lebanon]]'s [[The Daily Star(Lebanon)|Daily Star]] newspaper described attempts by former presidents [[Mohammad Khatami]] and [[Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani]] to unite behind one or the other of two "reformist candidates," [[Hassan Rouhani]] and [[Mohammad Reza Aref]].<ref>[http://www.dailystar.com.lb/News/Middle-East/2013/Jun-08/219775-iranian-reformists-struggle-to-settle-on-candidate.ashx#axzz2VcnkTzZx Iranian reformists struggle to settle on candidate]Kristin Dailey, [[Daily Star (Lebanon)]], June 08, 2013</ref> Two of the eight, [[Gholam-Ali Haddad-Adel]] and [[Mohammad Reza Aref]], withdrew from the race on 10 and 11 June.<ref>[http://edition.cnn.com/2013/06/10/world/meast/iran-elections/?hpt=hp_t3 Conservative drops out of Iranian presidential election]</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Iran's Mohammad Reza Aref quits presidential race|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-22851764#TWEET785230|publisher=BBC|accessdate=11 June 2013}}</ref>


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Revision as of 11:47, 13 June 2013

Iranian presidential election, 2013
← 2009 14 June 2013 2017 →
  File:Mamadgharaz.png
Nominee Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf Mohammad Gharazi
Party JAM Independent
 
Nominee Saeed Jalili Mohsen Rezaee
Party FIRS Independent
  File:Velayati 1980.jpg
Nominee Hassan Rouhani Ali Akbar Velayati
Party MDP ICP
Electoral map for the 2013 presidential election.
Incumbent President

Mahmoud Ahmadinejad
ABII



The eleventh election for President of the Islamic Republic of Iran will be held in June, 2013, with the first round on Friday, 14 June. If no candidate receives 50 percent of the vote in the first round, a runoff will be held on 21 June.

The Guardian Council, a 12-member body consisting of six jurists and six theologians, has been tasked with vetting hopefuls for their qualifications and confirming the election results. After the council's screening process, eight candidates remain which after the resignation of Gholam-Ali Haddad-Adel and Mohammad Reza Aref, they reduce down to six: Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf, Mohammad Gharazi, Saeed Jalili, Mohsen Rezaee, Hassan Rouhani, and Ali Akbar Velayati. Incumbent President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad did not run for re-election as he is limited to two terms or 8 years in office under the current Iranian constitution.

Background

The President of Iran is the country's highest directly elected official, the chief of the executive branch, and the second most important position after the Supreme Leader. Duties are similar to heads of governments in other countries, except that the armed forces, Chief judiciary system, state television, and other key governmental organizations are under the control of the Supreme Leader of Iran. It is also an informal custom that cabinet ministers for sensitive departments like foreign relations and intelligence are selected by the Supreme Leader.

Any Iranian citizen born in Iran, believing in God and the official religion of Iran (Islam), who has always been loyal to the Constitution and is above 21 years of age is allowed to sign up as a presidential candidate. An institution called the Election Monitoring Agency (EMA) and managed by the Guardian Council vets registered candidates (in the 2009 election 36,000 people signed up as candidates) and selects a handful to run in the election. The Guardian Council does not announce publicly the reason for rejections of particular candidates although those reasons are explained to each candidate.

2009 election

See also: 2009–2010 Iranian election protests

Iran's tenth presidential election was held on 12 June 2009,[1] with incumbent Mahmoud Ahmadinejad running against three challengers. The next morning the Islamic Republic News Agency, Iran's official news agency, announced that with two-thirds of the votes counted, Ahmadinejad had won the election with 62% of the votes cast,[2] and that Mir-Hossein Mousavi had received 34% of the votes cast.[3][4] The European Union,[5] the United Kingdom[6] the United States, and several western countries expressed concern over alleged irregularities during the vote,[5] and many analysts and journalists from the United States, Europe and other western based media voiced doubts about the authenticity of the results.[7][8][9] Meanwhile many OIC member states, as well as Russia, China, India, and Brazil, congratulated Ahmadinejad on his victory.

Nominations

See also: List of candidates in the Iranian presidential election, 2013

Registration for candidates took place from 7 to 11 May 2013.[10][11] Registered candidates' qualifications were then reviewed by the Guardian Council.[12] On May 7, Sadeq Vaez Zadeh was the first candidate who officially registered.[13] On 21 May 2013 eight candidates were approved for placement on the ballot.

BBC News commented that all eight approved candidates were "considered hardline conservatives," with reformist candidates (notably former president Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani having been barred from standing.[14] In contrast, Lebanon's Daily Star newspaper described attempts by former presidents Mohammad Khatami and Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani to unite behind one or the other of two "reformist candidates," Hassan Rouhani and Mohammad Reza Aref.[15] Two of the eight, Gholam-Ali Haddad-Adel and Mohammad Reza Aref, withdrew from the race on 10 and 11 June.[16][17]

Name Party Political background

Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf[18]
(campaign)
Islamic Society of Engineers
(supported by Conservatives Majority Alliance, United Front of Conservatives)
 Mayor of Tehran since 2005. He was chief commander of Imam Ridha troops in 1982 and was chief commandor of Nasr Troops from 1983 to 1984. After the end of the war, he became Managing-Director of Khatam al-Anbia, an engineering firm controlled by the Iranian Revolutionary Guard Corps (also known as Sepah) and also commander of Islamic Republic of Iran Air Force in 1996. In 2000, he became chief of the Iranian Police Forces. He was also a candidate in 2005 presidential election.

Mohammad Gharazi[19]
(campaign)
Independent
 Minister of Petroleum from 1981 to 1985 and Minister of Post from 1985 to 1997. He was also a member of the Parliament from 1980 to 1984 and Governor of Khuzestan from 1979 to 1980.
File:Saeed Jalili 1, 2011.jpg
Saeed Jalili[20][21]
(campaign)
Front of Islamic Revolution Stability
(supported by Abadgaran, Modern Thinkers of Islamic Iran)
 Secretary of the Supreme National Security Council and chief nuclear negotiator since 2007. He was previously Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs from 2005 to 2007.
File:Mohsen Rezaee in seminar.jpg
Mohsen Rezaee[22]
(campaign)
Moderation and Development Party
(supported by Isargaran)
 Secretary of the Expediency Discernment Council since 1997. He was the Iranian Revolutionary Guard Corps chief commander from 1981 to 1997. He was run twice for the presidency, in 2005 and 2009 elections.

Hassan Rouhani[23]
(campaign)
Combatant Clergy Association
(supported by Green Party, Labour Coalition, Executives of Construction, Association of Combatant Clerics, Islamic Iran Participation Front, Democracy Party)
 Member of the Assembly of Experts since 1999, member of the Expediency Discernment Council since 1991, Supreme National Security Council since 1989, and head of the Center for Strategic Research since 1992. He was Deputy speaker of the Parliament from 1992 to 2000 and also Secretary of the Supreme National Security Council from 1989 to 2005.
File:Velayati-old.jpg
Ali Akbar Velayati[20][24]
(campaign)
Islamic Coalition Party
(supported by Society of Seminary)
 Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1981 to 1997 and Deputy Minister of Health from 1980 to 1981. He was also a member of the Parliament from 1980 to 1981.

Withdrew

Before campaigns

The following candidates had registered for the election but withdrew their candidacy after registration.

During campaigns

The following candidates had registered for the election and his nomination was approved by the Guardian Council but later withdrew his candidacy during campaigns.

Rejected

The following candidates were registered for the election but their nominations was rejected by the Guardian Council in different reasons. All 30 female candidates, who had registered to take part, were promptly disqualified on constitutional grounds.[34]

Declined

The following people did not register for the election and declined to enter the race.

Party conventions

General election campaign

Politics of Iran
Government of Islamic Republic of Iran
Leadership
Executive
Legislative
Judicial
Supreme Councils
Local governments
Elections
Political parties and factions
Inside government
Reformists
Principlists
Outside government
Monarchism
Liberalism
Nationalism
Pan-Iranism
Socialism
Ideology
Foreign relations
Related topics

Debates

Main article: Iranian presidential election debates, 2013

From 25 May to 12 June 2013, each of the eight final candidates has the right to use National TV and Radio (IRIB) for their presidential election campaigns. In total, each candidate will use 405 minutes on Public TV and 285 minutes on Public Radio. This time comprises the candidates' own campaign programs as well as participation in the specific discussion shows. In addition, there will be three main live group debates on TV. The debates are held in three chapters: the first was held on 31 May, and second on 5 May and third on 7 May between all eight candidates. They differed from the previous election debates, which were held person-by-person. The 2013 debates and TV shows are moderated by Morteza Heidari, Hassan Abedini and Kamran Najafzadeh.[70][71]

The following table shows the programme details and the time schedule for each candidate in Iranian Public TV. The times given are the local time (UTC +3:30).[72]

Program title Channel & Time Repetition time 25 May
Sat 		26 May
Sun 		27 May
Mon 		28 May
Tue 		29 May
Wed 		30 May
Thu 		31 May
Fri 		1 June
Sat 		2 June
Sun
With Camera IRIB1, 20:00-20:30 —
Rezaei
Jalili
Velayati
Rouhani
Ghalibaf
Haddad
Aref
Gharazi
Special talk IRIB2, 22:45-23:30 —
Jalili
Velayati
Rouhani
Ghalibaf
Aref
Rezaei
Gharazi
Haddad
Reply Iranian abroad JJ1, 23:30-00:30 —
Gharazi
Aref 1
Haddad
Jalili
Velayati
Rouhani
Aref
Ghalibaf
Rezaei
Debate 1 IRIB1, 16:00-19:30 IRIB4, 21:00-00:30
All
Program title Channel & Time Repetition time 3 June
Mon 		4 June
Tue 		5 June
Wed 		6 June
Thu 		7 June
Fri 		8 June
Sat 		9 June
Sun 		10 June
Mon 		11 June
Tue 		12 June
Wed
Reply the experts IRIB4, 18:10-19:10 —
Gharazi
Haddad
Rouhani
Jalili
Ghalibaf
Aref
Rezaei
Velayati
Reply the youth IRIB3, 19:10-20:10 —
Aref
Ghalibaf
Velayati
Rezaei
Haddad
Gharazi
Jalili
Rouhani
Documentary 1-2 IRIB1, 20:10-20:40 JJ1, 23:30-24:00
Rezaei
Velayati
Ghalibaf
Aref 2
Jalili
Rouhani
Haddad 2
Gharazi
The talk IRINN, 22:30-23:00 —
Rouhani
Jalili
Gharazi
Haddad
Velayati
Rezaei
Aref 2
Ghalibaf
Documentary 1-2 IRIB1, 23:30-24:00 JJ1, 00:30-01:00
Jalili
Rouhani
Haddad
Gharazi
Rezaei
Velayati
Ghalibaf
Aref 2
Debate 2-3 IRIB1, 16:00-19:30 IRIB4, 21:00-00:30
All
All

1 The first one-hour TV program of Mohammad-Reza Aref was cut after 15 minutes and did not continue.[73][74] Later, the program was completely shown again on Friday, 31 May 2013.[75]
2 Haddad and Aref's programs will not be showed because they withdrawal.[76]

Polls

See also: Opinion polling for the Iranian presidential election, 2013

The main online polls began after announcement of candidates' final list. The polls are divided into three main groups: field polls, telephone polls and internet polls.

Election

Timeline

  • 7 May – The official registration of candidates began at Ministry of Interior.[77]
  • 11 May – The time for registration was ended at 18:00 IRDT.
  • 21 May – The final list of candidates was announced by Minister of Interior, Mostafa Mohammad Najjar. A number of 8 candidates are eligible to participate in the election.[78]
  • 24 May – Official propagation campaigns for the final candidates was began.
  • 13 June – End of campaigns.
  • 14 June – Election date.
  • 15 June – Official results will be announced by Presidential Commission.
  • 21 June – Date of possible run-off election.
  • 25 June – Guardian Council will confirm/unconfirm the election results.
  • 1 August – President-elect will meet with Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei.
  • 3 August – Inauguration of new President, replacing Mahmoud Ahmadinejad.

Results

According to the Ministry of Interior, there are 50,483,192 eligible persons to vote for the first round of voting.[79] Over 66,000 polling stations will be set up across the country. Expatriates will be also able to cast ballots at 285 polling stations that will be set up in their respective countries.[80] Tehran Province has the majority of polling stations, with over 17,000 locations for the voting.[81]

Reactions

Prior to the election, the Foreign Ministry's spokesperson, Abbas Araghchi accused France and the United States of interfering in the electoral process after the two countries' officials criticised the nomination process and the disqualifications.[82]

Electoral law

One of the issues that has been raised in the pre-election debate over electoral reforms, especially regarding enforcement, situations of candidates. Executive of elections under previous law was Ministry of Interior (Government) and there were statements about changing of maintaining law. In addition, the law provided that the candidates must be political men and the meaning of men was not known. The changes began after the protests to the previous election. According to Iranian law, candidates more than 75 years old are eligible to run but their health issues must be checked by the Guardian Council.

Changes

The new act of the elections was approved by the parliament on 17 December 2012 and was significated by speaker of the parliament, Ali Larijani to the president for official implementation[83][84] . Some of the changes are explained:

Act Before After (Changed)
18 / 31
  • Ministry of Interior must announce the results
  • Ministry of Interior is the only official reference of the election.
  • Electoral Commission will announce the results after the Ministry of Interior confirmation*.
  • Ministry of Interior, under the Electoral Commission are the official references of the election.
64
  • Debates can be recorded.
  • Debates must be live.
  • If extortion about one candidate, he has the mandate to defense him/herself in next programs.

Electoral Commission

For the first time in the history of Iranian presidential elections, a commission of eleven persons (three legal, seven experts, one from parliament) will supervise the elections.[85][86]

Notes

References

  1. ^ "Iran To Hold Presidential Election In June 2009" (Reuters). Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. 7 September 2008. Retrieved 2 December 2008.
  2. ^ "Ahmadinejad 'set for Iran victory'". Al Jazeera English. 13 June 2009. Retrieved 13 June 2009. "Doctor Ahmadinejad, by getting a majority of the votes, has become the definite winner of the 10th presidential election," the news agency said.
  3. ^ Worth, Robert F.; Fathi, Nazila (13 June 2009). "Both Sides Claim Victory in Presidential Election in Iran". The New York Times. Retrieved 13 June 2009. The election commission said early Saturday morning that, with 78 percent of the votes counted, Mr. Ahmadinejad had won 65 percent and Mr. Mousavi had 32 percent, Reuters reported.
  4. ^ "Ahmadinejad wins Iran presidential election". BBC News. 13 June 2009. Retrieved 13 June 2009.
  5. ^ a b Colin Freeman; David Blair (14 June 2009). "Defeated Iranian reformist Mir-Hossein Mousavi calls for more protest against Mahmoud Ahmadinejad". The Telegraph. London. Retrieved 14 June 2009.
  6. ^ Gordon Brown comments on situation in Iran – 16 June, British Embassy, Washington 16 June 2009
  7. ^ "Ahmadinejad defiant on 'free' Iran poll". BBC News. 13 June 2009. Retrieved 13 June 2009.
  8. ^ Freeman, Colin (12 June 2009). "Iran elections: revolt as crowds protest at Mahmoud Ahmadinejad's 'rigged' victory". Daily Telegraph. London. Retrieved 12 June 2009.
  9. ^ "Instant View: Iran's election result staggers analysts". Reuters. 9 February 2009. Retrieved 13 June 2009.
  10. ^ Iran to hold presidential election on 14 June 2013, Ya Libnan, 15 December 2012
  11. ^ "Minister: Registration of candidates for next presidential elections to start May 6, 2013". IRNA. 15 December 2012. Retrieved 10 February 2013.
  12. ^ http://mellat.majlis.ir/archive/CONSTITUTION/ENGLISH.HTM
  13. ^ a b "خبرآنلاین - حضور صادق واعظ زاده اولین نامزد ریاست جمهوری در وزارت کشور". Khabar online. Retrieved 23 May 2013.
  14. ^ "Rafsanjani and Mashaei barred from Iran presidency poll", BBC News, 21 May 2013
  15. ^ Iranian reformists struggle to settle on candidateKristin Dailey, Daily Star (Lebanon), June 08, 2013
  16. ^ Conservative drops out of Iranian presidential election
  17. ^ "Iran's Mohammad Reza Aref quits presidential race". BBC. Retrieved 11 June 2013.
  18. ^ "خبرآنلاین - قالیباف و پرویز کاظمی هم در انتخابات ریاست جمهوری ثبت نام کردند". Khabaronline.ir. Retrieved 23 May 2013.
  19. ^ a b c "خبرآنلاین - خرازی و علی فلاحیان به جمع ثبت‌نام کنندگان انتخابات ریاست‌جمهوری پیوستند/ غرضی، وزیر پست دولت هاشمی داوطلب انتخابات شد/ معاون احمدی‌نژاد هم آمد". Khabaronline. Retrieved 23 May 2013.
  20. ^ a b c d e Presidential Race Begins in Iran, Al-Monitor, 11 December 2012
  21. ^ a b "محصولی در دانشگاه شاهد قرار است لنکرانی، فتاح و جلیلی طی دو هفته به نتیجه برسند". Fars News. Retrieved 18 April 2013.
  22. ^ Mohsen Rezayee to Run for Iran Presidency Again, Fars News Agency, 18 December 2012
  23. ^ "خبرآنلاین - حسن روحانی برای تشکیل «دولت تدبیر و امید» ثبت‌نام کرد". Khabaronline.ir. Retrieved 23 May 2013.
  24. ^ "Iran's Presidential Campaign Get Off to Very Early Start". Al Monitor. Retrieved 18 April 2013.
  25. ^ "خبرآنلاین - پزشکیان از ادامه رقابت در عرصه انتخابات انصراف داد". Khabaronline. Retrieved 23 May 2013.
  26. ^ a b "خبرآنلاین - اعلام نامزدی داوود احمدی‌نژاد و جواد اطاعت در آخرین روز ثبت نام از نامزدهای انتخابات ریاست جمهوری/برادر رئیس جمهور: به پشتوانه ملت سیلی محکمی به آمریکا خواهیم زد". Khabaronline.ir. Retrieved 23 May 2013.
  27. ^ "خبرآنلاین - علی‌اکبر جوانفکر پس از ثبت نام در انتخابات ریاست جمهوری: دولتم ادامه دولت احمدی‌نژاد خواهد بود/ سؤالات شما انحرافی است". Khabaronline. Retrieved 23 May 2013.
  28. ^ a b c d e "خبرآنلاین - 38 نامزد مشهور ریاست جمهوری یازدهم و اولین مواضع". Khabaronline. Retrieved 23 May 2013.
  29. ^ "خبرآنلاین - ابوترابی فرد در انتخابات ریاست جمهوری ثبت‌نام کرد/اعضای ائتلاف‌ پنجگانه اختلاف سلیقه ندارند". Khabaronline. Retrieved 23 May 2013.
  30. ^ "Shariatmadari names presidential campaign spokesman". Tehran Times. 23 January 2013. Retrieved 21 February 2013.
  31. ^ "خبرآنلاین - باقری لنکرانی برای انتخابات ریاست جمهوری ثبت نام کرد/ همراهی تیم 15 نفره اعضای جبهه پایداری/برنامه‌ ۱۷۰ بندی‌ دارم". Khabaronline. Retrieved 23 May 2013.
  32. ^ Haddad withdrew
  33. ^ Reformist candidate Aref quits presidential race
  34. ^ "Iran’s Disqualification of Female Presidential Candidates Condemned", Uganda News, 30 May 2013
  35. ^ a b "IRAN'S RAFSANJANI REGISTERS FOR PRESIDENTIAL RACE". Associated Press. Retrieved 11 May 2013.
  36. ^ "خبرآنلاین - ثبت نام کاندیدایی با رنگ قرمز/ احمدزاده کرمانی ثبت نام کرد". Khabaronline.ir. Retrieved 23 May 2013.
  37. ^ "ابوالحسن نواب ثبت نام کرد". Sanaye news. Retrieved 23 May 2013.
  38. ^ "زاکانی رسما اعلام کاندیداتوری کرد". Khabar Online. Retrieved 20 April 2013.
  39. ^ "Potential Candidate Series: Mohammad Saeedikia". Iran Election Watch. Retrieved 10 February 2013.
  40. ^ "Consolidated list of presidential candidates". Iran Daily Brief. 18 April 2013. Retrieved 19 April 2013.
  41. ^ Sobhani registered
  42. ^ "شد". Mehr News. Retrieved 23 May 2013.
  43. ^ "ایسنا - طهماسب مظاهری در ستاد انتخابات کشور حضور یافت". Isna. 11 May 2013. Retrieved 23 May 2013.
  44. ^ "خبرآنلاین - کواکبیان پس از ثبت نام برای انتخابات ریاست جمهوری: رنگم سبز است". Khabaronline. Retrieved 23 May 2013.
  45. ^ a b "خبرآنلاین - ابراهیم اصغرزاده هم در انتخابات ریاست جمهوری ثبت نام کرد/ رد صلاحیت شوم می‌پذیرم". Khabaronline. Retrieved 23 May 2013.
  46. ^ "خبرآنلاین - اکبر اعلمی برای انتخابات ریاست جمهوری ثبت نام کرد/برای مناظره با محسن رضایی، قالیباف و ولایتی آماده ام". Khabaronline. Retrieved 23 May 2013.
  47. ^ "خبرآنلاین - شعله سعدی پس از ثبت‌نام در انتخابات ریاست جمهوری: برنامه اصلی‌ام شاد کردن مردم است". Khabaronline. Retrieved 23 May 2013.
  48. ^ Lai, Johnathan (5 February 2013). "Rutgers professor hopes to run for Iranian presidency". Philly. Retrieved 7 February 2013.
  49. ^ "With Amirahmadi". AlJazeera. 1 June 2013. Retrieved 31 May 2013. {{cite news}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |1= (help)
  50. ^ "خبرآنلاین - پورمحمدی: آقای هاشمی به لحاظ جسمی و روحی آمادگی کاندیداتوری ندارد/ یکی از برنامه هایم اصلاح نظام انتخاباتی است". Khabar online. Retrieved 18 April 2013.
  51. ^ نام *. "شرط باهنر برای کناره گیری از انتخابات انتخابات ایران 92". IE92. Retrieved 18 April 2013.
  52. ^ Shahsavandi, Ali (12 January 2013). "Mehdi Chamran Declines his Nomination for 2013 Presidential Election". Pars Herald. Retrieved 10 February 2013.
  53. ^ "Head of Supreme Council of Province not to stand in presidential polls" (PDF). Labour News Agency. 10 January 2013. Retrieved 10 February 2013.
  54. ^ Rafsanjani may support Khatami in presidential election
  55. ^ Reformists send letter to Supreme Leader regarding ex-president’s participation in elections
  56. ^ چه کسی کاندیدای نهایی دولت خواهد بود؟
  57. ^ اصلاح طلبان جهانگیری را از میدان رقابت ها کنار گذاشتند
  58. ^ "خبرآنلاین - محسن مهرعلیزاده: قصد کاندیداتوری در انتخابات ریاست جمهوری یازدهم را دارم". Khabar online. Retrieved 18 April 2013.
  59. ^ چه کسانی امکان دارد کاندید ریاست جمهوری شوند!
  60. ^ چه کسی کاندیدای نهایی دولت خواهد بود؟
  61. ^ چه کسانی امکان دارد کاندید ریاست جمهوری شوند!
  62. ^ چه کسی کاندیدای نهایی دولت خواهد بود؟
  63. ^ "Warning Message!". Motalefe. Retrieved 18 April 2013.
  64. ^ "Iranian Presidential Election: A Path to Reform". World Policy Institute. Retrieved 18 April 2013.
  65. ^ "خبرآنلاین - کاندیدای خانه کارگر در انتخابات ریاست جمهوری: دعوت اصولگرایان از اصلاح‌طلبان برای حضور در انتخابات بدون شرط و شروط نخواهد بود". Khabaronline. Retrieved 18 April 2013.
  66. ^ who's PA main candidate?
  67. ^ حمایت حزب مردمسالاری از کاندیداتوری روحانی
  68. ^ The Conservatives Majority Alliance's candidate will elect on 9 May
  69. ^ نامزدهای ائتلاف پیشرفت تاآخر در صحنه می مانند!
  70. ^ Najafzadeh is host of debates in channel 3
  71. ^ http://www.khabaronline.ir/detail/295188/politics/election
  72. ^ جدول کامل پخش برنامه‌های تبلیغاتی کاندیداها از صدا و سیما
  73. ^ قطع برنامه عارف در شبکه جام‌جم، به علت نقص فنی
  74. ^ واکنش ستاد انتخاباتی عارف به قطع برنامه این کاندیدا
  75. ^ توضیح مدیر شبکه جام‌جم درباره قطع برنامه تبلیغاتی عارف
  76. ^ لغو برنامه‌های تبلیغاتی عارف در تلویزیون
  77. ^ The doors of the Interior Ministry was opened to candidates
  78. ^ List of approved candidates
  79. ^ آمار وزارت کشور از واجدین شرایط رای دادن
  80. ^ Reformist campaigns take on nationwide scope
  81. ^ 1,400 reporters to cover presidential, city council elections: Official
  82. ^ "Iran asks the West to keep out of elections - Middle East". Al Jazeera English. 4 October 2011. Retrieved 27 May 2013.
  83. ^ Changes in electoral law
  84. ^ Larijani announced the elections law changes
  85. ^ Members of the Electoral Commission announced
  86. ^ Electoral Commission

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Iranian presidential election, 2013.
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