Republic of Crimea (country): Difference between revisions
Ahnoneemoos (talk | contribs) |
Ahnoneemoos (talk | contribs) |
||
| Line 58: | Line 58: | ||
==Etymology== |
==Etymology== |
||
The name ''Crimea'' derives from the name of the city of Qırım (today's ''[[Stary Krym]]''), which served as a capital of the Crimean province of the [[Golden Horde]]. The name Krim thus traces to the Tatar word for 'steppe, hill' ([[Crimean Tatar language|Crimean Tatar]]: ''qırım'' - ‘my steppe, hill’, from [[Old Turkic language|Old Turkic]], [[Middle Turkic languages|Middle Turkic]] ''qır'' ‘mountain top, mountain ridge; steppe, desert, level ground’).<ref>[http://www.nisanyansozluk.com/?k=k%C4%B1r1&lnk=1 “kır”] in ''Nişanyan Dictionary'' (Turkish Etymological dictionary)</ref><ref>[http://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?single=1&basename=%2fdata%2falt%2fturcet&text_number=1013&root=config&encoding=utf-eng “*Kɨr”] in [[Sergei Starostin]], [[Vladimir Dybo]], Oleg Mudrak (2003), ''Etymological Dictionary of the Altaic Languages'', Leiden: Brill Academic Publishers</ref> Russian ''Krym'' is a Russified form of Qırım. The [[Ancient Greece|ancient Greeks]] called Crimea ''[[Tauris]]'' (later ''[[Taurica]]'', Ταυρική in [[Ancient Greek]]), after its inhabitants, the [[Tauri]]. The Greek historian [[Herodotus]] accounts for the name by asserting that [[Heracles]] plowed that land using a huge ox ("Taurus"). Herodotus also refers to a nearby region called ''Cremni''<ref>Herodotus IV.20.</ref> or 'the Cliffs{{'"}}, which may also refer to the Crimean peninsula, notable for its cliffs along what is otherwise a flat northern coastline of the Black Sea. |
|||
{{empty section|date=March 2014}} |
|||
In English, Crimea was often referred to with the [[definite article]], as '''the Crimea''', until well into the 20th century. |
|||
==History== |
==History== |
||
Revision as of 16:27, 17 March 2014
 | This article is actively undergoing a major edit for a little while. To help avoid edit conflicts, please do not edit this page while this message is displayed. This page was last edited at 16:27, 17 March 2014 (UTC) (10 years ago) – this estimate is cached, . Please remove this template if this page hasn't been edited for a significant time. If you are the editor who added this template, please be sure to remove it or replace it with {{Under construction}} between editing sessions. |
 | This article may be affected by a current event. Information in this article may change rapidly as the event progresses. Initial news reports may be unreliable. The last updates to this article may not reflect the most current information. (March 2014) |
 |
Republic of Crimea Республика Крым Къырым Джумхуриети Qırım Cumhuriyeti Республіка Крим | |
|---|---|
.svg) | |
| Status | Recognized by Russia[citation needed] |
| Official languages[1] | |
| Ethnic groups |
|
| Government | Republic |
| Legislature | Supreme Council |
| Independence from Ukraine | |
| March 11, 2014 | |
| March 16, 2014 | |
• Established | March 17, 2014[3][4] |
| Area | |
• Total | 26,945 km2 (10,404 sq mi) |
| Population | |
• 2007 estimate | 2,352,385 (142nd) |
| Currency | Russian ruble[5] Ukrainian hryvnia[6] |
| Time zone | UTC+2 to March 29, 2014, +4 from March 30[7] (EET to March 29, 2014, MSK from March 30) |
The Republic of Crimea (Russian: Республика Крым; Crimean Tatar: Къырым Джумхуриети, Qırım Cumhuriyeti; Ukrainian: Республіка Крим) is an unrecognised sovereign state that claims the entirety of the Crimean peninsula in the Black Sea, south of Ukraine and west of southern Russia. The country was formed after the reunification of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol into a single united nation. Both governments had previously adopted a joint resolution expressing their intention to declare independence should voters approve so in a referendum. Said referendum was eventually approved by an overwhelming majority of both regions. One day later, on 17 March 2014, both regions reunited and declared their independence. The republic is now expected to join the Russian Federation as a federal subject.
Etymology
The name Crimea derives from the name of the city of Qırım (today's Stary Krym), which served as a capital of the Crimean province of the Golden Horde. The name Krim thus traces to the Tatar word for 'steppe, hill' (Crimean Tatar: qırım - ‘my steppe, hill’, from Old Turkic, Middle Turkic qır ‘mountain top, mountain ridge; steppe, desert, level ground’).[8][9] Russian Krym is a Russified form of Qırım. The ancient Greeks called Crimea Tauris (later Taurica, Ταυρική in Ancient Greek), after its inhabitants, the Tauri. The Greek historian Herodotus accounts for the name by asserting that Heracles plowed that land using a huge ox ("Taurus"). Herodotus also refers to a nearby region called Cremni[10] or 'the Cliffs'", which may also refer to the Crimean peninsula, notable for its cliffs along what is otherwise a flat northern coastline of the Black Sea.
In English, Crimea was often referred to with the definite article, as the Crimea, until well into the 20th century.
History
Formerly part of the Russian Empire and Soviet Russia, Crimea has been a part of Ukraine since 1954, and an autonomous republic within Ukraine since 1991. Crimea's autonomy status was further reiterated in 1996 with the ratification of Ukraine's current constitution, which declared Crimea to be the "Autonomous Republic of Crimea", but also an "inseparable constituent part of Ukraine."[11]
On March 11, 2014, amidst the 2014 Crimean crisis, the Crimean parliament and the Sevastopol City Council issued a declaration on their intent to unilaterally declare independence from Ukraine.[5] The document with the independence declaration specifically mentioned Kosovo as a precedent in the lead part.[5]
The declaration was done in order to legitimise a referendum on the status of Crimea where citizens were to vote on whether Crimea should apply to join Russia as a federal subject of the Russian Federation, or remain part of Ukraine.
On 16 March 2014, a large majority estimated at over 95% of all voters, voted in favour of independence of Crimea from Ukraine and joining Russia as a federal subject.[12][13] The BBC reported that most of the Crimean Tatars that they interviewed were boycotting the vote.[14] Prime Minister Sergey Aksyonov stated that 40% of Crimean Tatars took part in the referendum, and according to Russian state media, polling data showed a majority of Tatars in Sevastopol voted to join Russia, with a turnout of over 50% in the city.[15] The European Union, Japan and the United States condemned the vote as illegal.[16][17]
After the referendum, Crimean lawmakers formally voted both to secede from Ukraine and ask for membership in the Russian Federation. The Sevastopol City Council, however, requested the port's separate admission as a federal city.[18]
Geography
![[icon]](/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg){kind=small} | This section is empty. You can help by adding to it. (March 2014) |
Government and politics
| This section is empty. You can help by adding to it. (March 2014) |
Economy
| This section is empty. You can help by adding to it. (March 2014) |
Demographics
| This section is empty. You can help by adding to it. (March 2014) |
Russian
Culture
| This section is empty. You can help by adding to it. (March 2014) |
Russian
Gallery
| This section is empty. You can help by adding to it. (March 2014) |
See also
Notes
References
- ^ Парламент Крыма принял постановление «О гарантиях восстановления прав крымскотатарского народа и его интеграции в крымское сообщество»
- ^ Facts you need to know about Crimea and why it is in turmoil. RT
- ^ Marie-Louise Gumuchian (March 17, 2014). "Crimea votes to break from Ukraine, join Russia. What happens next?". CNN. Retrieved March 17, 2014.
On Monday, lawmakers in Crimea approved a resolution that declared the Black Sea peninsula an independent, sovereign state. They then filed an appeal to join the Russian Federation.
- ^ "Crimea votes to join Russian Federation: 96.77% say YES". RT.
Crimea was declared an independent sovereign state, the Republic of Crimea, on Monday, the autonomous Ukrainian regional parliament's website stated. The Supreme Council of Crimea unanimously voted to integrate of the region into Russia.
- ^ a b c "Crimea parliament declares independence from Ukraine ahead of referendum". Russia Today. March 17, 2014. Retrieved March 17, 2014.
- ^ "Russian ruble announced Crimea's official currency". Russia & India Report. March 17, 2014. Retrieved March 17, 2014.
- ^ Crimea to Adopt Moscow Time at End of March
- ^ “kır” in Nişanyan Dictionary (Turkish Etymological dictionary)
- ^ “*Kɨr” in Sergei Starostin, Vladimir Dybo, Oleg Mudrak (2003), Etymological Dictionary of the Altaic Languages, Leiden: Brill Academic Publishers
- ^ Herodotus IV.20.
- ^ "Constitution of Ukraine, 1996". Retrieved March 12, 2014.
- ^ http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-26606097
- ^ http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/03/16/us-ukraine-crisis-idUSBREA1Q1E820140316
- ^ http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-26606097
- ^ "About 40% of Crimean Tatars take part in Crimean referendum – Prime Minister". ITAR-TASS. March 16, 2014. Retrieved March 16, 2014.
- ^ http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-26606097
- ^ http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/03/17/ukraine-crisis-japan-idUST9N0M101J20140317
- ^ "Lawmakers in Crimea Move Swiftly to Split From Ukraine". The New York Times. March 17, 2014. Retrieved March 17, 2014.
External links