45th Canadian federal election: Difference between revisions
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The '''45th Canadian federal election''' will take place on or before October 20, 2025, to elect members of the [[House of Commons of Canada|House of Commons]] to the [[45th Canadian Parliament]]. |
The '''45th Canadian federal election''' will take place on or before October 20, 2025, to elect members of the [[House of Commons of Canada|House of Commons]] to the [[45th Canadian Parliament]]. |
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The date of the vote is determined by the [[fixed election dates in Canada|fixed-date provisions]] of the ''[[Canada Elections Act]]'', which requires federal elections to be held on the third Monday in October in the fourth calendar year after the polling day of the previous election.<ref name="C16">{{cite web| url=http://www.parl.gc.ca/HousePublications/Publication.aspx?Docid=2475836&file=4| title=Amendment to Canada Elections Act| publisher=Queen's Printer for Canada| date=November 6, 2006| access-date=July 29, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110805041409/http://www.parl.gc.ca/HousePublications/Publication.aspx?Docid=2475836&file=4 |archive-date=5 August 2011 |url-status=dead}}</ref> However, a government bill currently under consideration by the House of Commons would change the 2025 fixed election date to October 27 to avoid conflicting with the Hindu festival of [[Diwali]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.newswire.ca/news-releases/minister-leblanc-introduces-legislation-to-further-strengthen-canada-s-electoral-process-863933578.html| title=Minister LeBlanc introduces legislation to further strengthen Canada's electoral process| publisher=CNW | access-date=March 22, 2024 | date=March 20, 2024 }}</ref> |
The date of the vote is determined by the [[fixed election dates in Canada|fixed-date provisions]] of the ''[[Canada Elections Act]]'', which requires federal elections to be held on the third Monday in October in the fourth calendar year after the polling day of the previous election.<ref name="C16">{{cite web| url=http://www.parl.gc.ca/HousePublications/Publication.aspx?Docid=2475836&file=4| title=Amendment to Canada Elections Act| publisher=Queen's Printer for Canada| date=November 6, 2006| access-date=July 29, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110805041409/http://www.parl.gc.ca/HousePublications/Publication.aspx?Docid=2475836&file=4 |archive-date=5 August 2011 |url-status=dead}}</ref> However, a government bill currently under consideration by the House of Commons would change the 2025 fixed election date to October 27 to avoid conflicting with the Hindu festival of [[Diwali]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.newswire.ca/news-releases/minister-leblanc-introduces-legislation-to-further-strengthen-canada-s-electoral-process-863933578.html| title=Minister LeBlanc introduces legislation to further strengthen Canada's electoral process| publisher=CNW | access-date=March 22, 2024 | date=March 20, 2024 }}</ref> Moving the election date to October 27 would also allow 74 members of parliament to qualify for a pension that they would not receive if they fail to achieve reelection, though the government denies this motivated the change.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Tumilty |first=Ryan |date=Mar 21, 2024 |title=New Liberal legislation would ensure dozens of MPs secure pensions before next election |url=https://nationalpost.com/news/politics/elections-act-changes-mp-pensions |url-status=live |work=National Post}}</ref> In addition to the statutory fixed election date provisions, Canada has a constitutional requirement specified in both section 50 of the ''[[Constitution Act, 1867]]'' and [[Section 4 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms|section 4 of the ''Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms'']] that elections for the House of Commons must be held no more than five years after the preceding election. |
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The election may occur before the scheduled date if the [[governor general of Canada|governor general]] dissolves Parliament on the recommendation of the [[prime minister of Canada|prime minister]] for a [[List of snap elections in Canada|snap election]], for example after the House of Commons passes a [[motion of no confidence]] in the government. Early elections are more likely to occur during [[Minority governments in Canada|minority governments]] because the prime minister does not control a majority in the House of Commons.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Aiello |first1=Rachel |title=Split opposition means stronger minority for Liberals, experts say |url=https://election.ctvnews.ca/split-opposition-means-stronger-minority-for-liberals-experts-say-1.4654504 |access-date=October 25, 2019 |work=CTV News |date=October 24, 2019 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Harris |first=Kathleen |title=Snap election averted as Liberal government survives confidence vote in Commons |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/confidence-vote-commons-corruption-committee-1.5770807 |date=October 21, 2020 |work=[[CBC News]] |access-date=November 26, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Coyne |first=Andrew |title=What, exactly, is a non-confidence vote? Parliament should get to decide |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/opinion/article-what-exactly-is-a-non-confidence-vote-parliament-should-get-to |date=October 28, 2020 |work=[[The Globe and Mail]] |access-date=November 26, 2020}}</ref> |
The election may occur before the scheduled date if the [[governor general of Canada|governor general]] dissolves Parliament on the recommendation of the [[prime minister of Canada|prime minister]] for a [[List of snap elections in Canada|snap election]], for example after the House of Commons passes a [[motion of no confidence]] in the government. Early elections are more likely to occur during [[Minority governments in Canada|minority governments]] because the prime minister does not control a majority in the House of Commons.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Aiello |first1=Rachel |title=Split opposition means stronger minority for Liberals, experts say |url=https://election.ctvnews.ca/split-opposition-means-stronger-minority-for-liberals-experts-say-1.4654504 |access-date=October 25, 2019 |work=CTV News |date=October 24, 2019 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Harris |first=Kathleen |title=Snap election averted as Liberal government survives confidence vote in Commons |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/confidence-vote-commons-corruption-committee-1.5770807 |date=October 21, 2020 |work=[[CBC News]] |access-date=November 26, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Coyne |first=Andrew |title=What, exactly, is a non-confidence vote? Parliament should get to decide |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/opinion/article-what-exactly-is-a-non-confidence-vote-parliament-should-get-to |date=October 28, 2020 |work=[[The Globe and Mail]] |access-date=November 26, 2020}}</ref> |
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The 45th Canadian federal election will take place on or before October 20, 2025, to elect members of the House of Commons to the 45th Canadian Parliament.
The date of the vote is determined by the fixed-date provisions of the Canada Elections Act, which requires federal elections to be held on the third Monday in October in the fourth calendar year after the polling day of the previous election.[1] However, a government bill currently under consideration by the House of Commons would change the 2025 fixed election date to October 27 to avoid conflicting with the Hindu festival of Diwali.[2] Moving the election date to October 27 would also allow 74 members of parliament to qualify for a pension that they would not receive if they fail to achieve reelection, though the government denies this motivated the change.[3] In addition to the statutory fixed election date provisions, Canada has a constitutional requirement specified in both section 50 of the Constitution Act, 1867 and section 4 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms that elections for the House of Commons must be held no more than five years after the preceding election.
The election may occur before the scheduled date if the governor general dissolves Parliament on the recommendation of the prime minister for a snap election, for example after the House of Commons passes a motion of no confidence in the government. Early elections are more likely to occur during minority governments because the prime minister does not control a majority in the House of Commons.[4][5][6]
Depending on the date the election is called, it may be the first contested using a new 343-constituency electoral map based on the 2021 Canadian census. New electoral boundaries for each of the ten provinces were finalized between February 14, 2023[7][8] and July 8, 2023,[9] and officially proclaimed on September 22, 2023.[10] Any election that is called on or after April 22, 2024, will use the new boundaries, while any called prior will re-use the 338-seat boundary set presently in force.[11][10][12]
Background
The 2021 Canadian federal election, held on September 20 that year, saw little change from the preceding 2019 election.[13] The incumbent Liberal Party, led by Prime Minister Justin Trudeau, failed to win a parliamentary majority or the popular vote, but remained the party with the most seats and remained in office as a minority government. The Conservatives won the popular vote and continued as the Official Opposition.[14][f] On September 27, Annamie Paul resigned as the Green Party leader,[15] which came into effect on November 10.[16]
Electoral redistribution
The Constitution Act, 1867, requires that federal electoral districts undergo a redistribution following each decennial Canadian census.[17] Using the 2021 Canadian census population results, the 2022 redistribution began in October 2021, and was completed in September 2023.[18]
On October 15, 2021, the chief electoral officer announced that based on the procedure in the Constitution Act, 1867 as then in force, the allocation would result in an increase to 342 seats.[19] This included a reduction of Quebec’s allocation from 78 to 77 seats. The government tabled legislation on March 24, 2022, to prevent Quebec (or any other province) from losing any seats relative to the number of seats it was apportioned in 2012 redistribution.[20][21] The Preserving Provincial Representation in the House of Commons Act amended rule 2 of subsection 51(1) of the Constitution Act, 1867, commonly known as the "Grandfather Clause".[22][23] The bill passed the House of Commons on June 15,[24] the Senate on June 21,[25] and received royal assent on June 23, 2022.[26] The chief electoral officer announced the new allocation of seats on July 8, 2022, which would result in an increase to 343 seats.[27]
Pursuant to the Electoral Boundaries Readjustment Act as amended, ten federal electoral boundary commissions were established, one for each province, on November 1, 2021.[28] The boundary-drawing process commenced upon the release of census data in February 2022. Quebec’s commission adjusted its work to be based on a 78-seat allocation in July 2022. The respective commissions completed their work and finalized new electoral boundary sets on a rolling basis, beginning with the Newfoundland and Labrador and Prince Edward Island commissions on February 14, 2023,[7][8] and finishing with the Ontario commission on July 8, 2023.[9] The Chief Electoral Officer then used the final reports of the electoral boundary commissions to formalize a Representation Order, which was proclaimed on September 22, 2023.[10]
The changes to federal electoral district boundaries will take effect at the earliest on April 22, 2024.[11][19][10] If the election is called before April 22, 2024, it will occur with the current electoral district boundaries, which have been in effect since the 2015 federal election was called on August 4, 2015.[29][30]
Province or territory | Representation orders | Average population per electoral district |
Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|
2013 | 2023 | |||
Ontario | 121 | 122 | 116,590 | 1 ![]() |
Quebec | 78 | 78 | 108,998 | ![]() |
British Columbia | 42 | 43 | 116,300 | 1 ![]() |
Alberta | 34 | 37 | 115,206 | 3 ![]() |
Manitoba | 14 | 14 | 95,868 | ![]() |
Saskatchewan | 14 | 14 | 80,893 | ![]() |
Nova Scotia | 11 | 11 | 88,126 | ![]() |
New Brunswick | 10 | 10 | 77,561 | ![]() |
Newfoundland and Labrador | 7 | 7 | 72,935 | ![]() |
Prince Edward Island | 4 | 4 | 38,583 | ![]() |
Northwest Territories | 1 | 1 | 41,070 | ![]() |
Nunavut | 1 | 1 | 36,858 | ![]() |
Yukon | 1 | 1 | 40,232 | ![]() |
Canada | 338 | 343 | 107,848 | 5 ![]() |
Transposed 2021 results
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/45th_Canadian_Parliament_Map.svg/250px-45th_Canadian_Parliament_Map.svg.png)
If the election is called after April 22, 2024, it will be contested under the new electoral districts established in the 2022 redistribution. Consequently, media outlets tend to report seat gains and losses as compared to notional results. These are the results if all votes cast in 2021 were unchanged, but regrouped by new electoral district boundaries, as published by Elections Canada.[31]
Party | MPs | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
2021 actual result | 2021 transposed result | Change | ||
Liberal | 160 | 157 | ![]() | |
Conservative | 119 | 126 | ![]() | |
Bloc Québécois | 32 | 34 | ![]() | |
New Democratic | 25 | 24 | ![]() | |
Green | 2 | 2 | ![]() | |
Total | 338 | 343 | 5 ![]() |
Parties and standings
The table below lists parties represented in the House of Commons after the 2021 federal election and their current standings. Kevin Vuong was elected as a Liberal, having been disavowed by the party too late to alter his affiliation on the ballot, and sits as an independent.[32]
Name | Ideology | Position | Leader | 2021 result | Current standing | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes (%) | Seats | ||||||
Liberal | Liberalism Social liberalism |
Centre to centre-left | Justin Trudeau | 160 / 338
|
156 / 338
| ||
Conservative | Conservatism Economic liberalism Fiscal conservatism |
Centre-right to right-wing | Pierre Poilievre | 119 / 338
|
118 / 338
| ||
Bloc Québécois | Quebec nationalism Quebec sovereigntist Social democracy |
Centre-left | Yves-François Blanchet | 32 / 338
|
32 / 338
| ||
New Democratic | Social democracy (Majority) Democratic socialism (Minority) |
Centre-left (Majority) Left-wing (Minority) |
Jagmeet Singh | 25 / 338
|
24 / 338
| ||
Green | Green politics | Elizabeth May | 2 / 338
|
2 / 338
| |||
Independents | N/A | 0 / 338
|
3 / 338
| ||||
Vacant | N/A | 3 / 338
|
Incumbents not running for re-election
As of April 2024[update], a total of eighteen MPs have announced they will not run in the 45th federal election.
Timeline
- ^ to accept a position with the United Nations
2021
- September 27 – Annamie Paul announced her intent to resign as leader of the Green Party.[54]
- November 10 – Paul formally submitted her resignation, and ended her membership in the party.[16] The Green Party accepted her resignation a few days later.[55][56]
- November 15 – Senator Denise Batters launched a petition to review the leadership of Erin O'Toole.[57] Party president Robert Batherson decided the petition was not in order.[57] The following day, Batters was removed from the conservative caucus.[58]
- November 24 – Amita Kuttner was appointed as Green Party interim leader.[59][60]
- December 5 – The People's Party concluded its leadership review of Maxime Bernier. He was confirmed and continued as leader.[61][62]
2022
- February 2 – Erin O'Toole was removed as the leader of the Conservative Party, by a caucus vote.[63] Candice Bergen was selected by the party caucus to serve as interim leader.[64][65]
- March 22 – The Liberal and New Democratic parties reached a confidence and supply agreement, with the NDP agreeing to support the Liberal government until June 2025 in exchange for specific policy commitments.[66]
- May 24 – The 2022 Green Party of Canada leadership election officially began, pursuant to the party's constitution.[67]
- May 28 – Liberal Sven Spengemann resigned as the MP of Mississauga–Lakeshore to accept a role in the United Nations.[68][69]
- September 10 – The 2022 Conservative Party of Canada leadership election concluded. Pierre Poilievre was announced as the new leader of the Conservative Party of Canada.[70]
- September 13 – MP Alain Rayes left the Conservative Party to sit as an independent.[71][72]
- November 19 – The 2022 Green Party of Canada leadership election was concluded. Elizabeth May was announced as the new leader of the Green Party of Canada.[73]
- December 12 – Liberal MP for Winnipeg South Centre Jim Carr died of cancer.[74]
- December 12 – A federal by-election was held in Mississauga–Lakeshore, with Liberal Charles Sousa elected.[75]
- December 12 – Bob Benzen resigned as the member of Parliament for Calgary Heritage.[76]
2023
- January 27 – Dave MacKenzie resigned as the member of Parliament for Oxford.[77]
- February 28 – Candice Bergen resigned as the member of Parliament for Portage—Lisgar.[78]
- March 8 – Marc Garneau resigned as the member of Parliament for Notre-Dame-de-Grâce—Westmount.[79]
- March 22 – Han Dong left the Liberal Party to sit as an independent.[80]
- June 19 – A federal by-election was held in Notre-Dame-de-Grâce—Westmount, with Liberal Anna Gainey elected.[81][82]
- June 19 – A federal by-election was held in Oxford, with Conservative Arpan Khanna elected.[81][82]
- June 19 – A federal by-election was held in Portage—Lisgar, with Conservative Branden Leslie elected.[81][82]
- June 19 – A federal by-election was held in Winnipeg South Centre, with Liberal Ben Carr elected.[81][82]
- July 24 – A federal by-election was held in Calgary Heritage, with Conservative Shuvaloy Majumdar elected.[83][84]
- July 26 – The prime minister conducted a major cabinet reshuffle.[85]
- August 1 – Erin O'Toole resigned as the member of Parliament for Durham.[86][87][88][89]
- September 26 – Anthony Rota announced his intention to resign as Speaker of the House of Commons. Louis Plamondon was nominated to replace Rota on an interim basis.[90]
- October 3 – Liberal MP Greg Fergus is elected speaker of the House of Commons. He is the first person of colour to be elected speaker.[91]
2024
- January 16 – Carolyn Bennett resigned as the member of Parliament for Toronto—St. Paul's.[51]
- February 1 – David Lametti resigned as the member of Parliament for LaSalle—Émard—Verdun.[52]
- March 4 – A federal by-election was held in Durham, with Conservative Jamil Jivani elected.[92]
- March 31 – Daniel Blaikie resigned as the member of Parliament for Elmwood—Transcona.[53]
Opinion polls
Opinion polling for Canadian federal elections |
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2008 |
Opinion polls |
2011 |
Opinion polls • By constituency |
2015 |
Opinion polls • By constituency |
2019 |
Opinion polls • By constituency |
2021 |
Opinion polls • By constituency |
Next election |
Opinion polls |
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Opinion_polling_during_the_pre-campaign_period_of_the_45th_Canadian_federal_election.svg/600px-Opinion_polling_during_the_pre-campaign_period_of_the_45th_Canadian_federal_election.svg.png)
Notes
- ^ If the election is called prior to April 22, 2024, implementation of the redistribution will be deferred and the total number of seats will remain at 338.
- ^ If the election is called prior to April 22, 2024, implementation of the redistribution will be deferred and the number of seats required for a majority will remain at 170.
- ^ Though parties registered with Elections Canada can field candidates in any riding they wish, the Bloc Québécois has never fielded candidates outside of Quebec (78 seats). Thus it is impossible for the party to gain a majority in Parliament.
- ^ Includes Kevin Vuong, who appeared on the ballot as a Liberal but was disavowed by the party during the campaign. He has not been seated as a member of the Liberal caucus.
- ^ MP for Beauce until being defeated in the 2019 election. Contested the by-election in Portage–Lisgar, lost.
- ^ While formal results show the Liberals winning or leading in 160 seats, those totals include Kevin Vuong, who was disavowed during the campaign by his party, and has since sat as an Independent in the House of Commons.
References
- ^ "Amendment to Canada Elections Act". Queen's Printer for Canada. November 6, 2006. Archived from the original on August 5, 2011. Retrieved July 29, 2011.
- ^ "Minister LeBlanc introduces legislation to further strengthen Canada's electoral process". CNW. March 20, 2024. Retrieved March 22, 2024.
- ^ Tumilty, Ryan (March 21, 2024). "New Liberal legislation would ensure dozens of MPs secure pensions before next election". National Post.
{{cite news}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ Aiello, Rachel (October 24, 2019). "Split opposition means stronger minority for Liberals, experts say". CTV News. Retrieved October 25, 2019.
- ^ Harris, Kathleen (October 21, 2020). "Snap election averted as Liberal government survives confidence vote in Commons". CBC News. Retrieved November 26, 2020.
- ^ Coyne, Andrew (October 28, 2020). "What, exactly, is a non-confidence vote? Parliament should get to decide". The Globe and Mail. Retrieved November 26, 2020.
- ^ a b Federal Electoral Boundaries Commission for Newfoundland and Labrador. "Redistribution process timeline in Newfoundland and Labrador".
- ^ a b Federal Electoral Boundaries Commission for Prince Edward Island. "Redistribution process timeline in PEI".
- ^ a b Federal Electoral Boundaries Commission for Ontario. "Redistribution process timeline in Ontario".
- ^ a b c d Elections Canada. "Implementation of New Federal Electoral Boundaries".
- ^ a b Federal Electoral Boundaries Commission. "Timeline for the Redistribution of Federal Electoral Districts".
- ^ Proclamation declaring the Representation Order to be in Force effective on the First dissolution of Parliament that Occurs after April 22, 2024, SI/2023-57 , reported in the Canada Gazette, Part II, Vol. 157, Extra, September 27, 2023
- ^ "Justin Trudeau to Remain Prime Minister of Canada". The New York Times. September 21, 2021. Archived from the original on January 11, 2022. Retrieved September 21, 2021. Updated September 24, 2021.
{{cite news}}
: CS1 maint: postscript (link) - ^ "Canada: Trudeau's Liberals win minority government, CBC projects". Al Jazeera. September 21, 2021. Archived from the original on September 21, 2021. Retrieved September 21, 2021.
- ^ Tasker, John Paul (September 27, 2021). "Annamie Paul is stepping down as Green Party leader". CBC News. Retrieved September 27, 2021.
- ^ a b "Annamie Paul officially quits as Green leader, will end membership in party". CBC News. November 10, 2021.
- ^ Canada, Elections (August 13, 2021). "Redistribution of Federal Electoral Districts 2022". www.elections.ca. Retrieved August 16, 2021.
- ^ Canada, Elections (August 12, 2021). "Timeline for the Redistribution of Federal Electoral Districts". www.elections.ca. Retrieved August 16, 2021.
- ^ a b "New House of Commons Seat Allocation" (Press release). Gatineau: Elections Canada. October 15, 2021. Retrieved October 15, 2021.
- ^ Woolf, Marie (March 24, 2022). "Liberals table bill to protect number of Quebec seats in Parliament, a condition of deal with NDP". National Post. Archived from the original on June 11, 2022. Retrieved March 25, 2022.
- ^ Levitz, Stephanie (March 24, 2022). "Liberal-NDP deal might change which riding you are in". Toronto Star. Archived from the original on March 24, 2022. Retrieved March 25, 2022.
- ^ "The representation formula". Elections Canada. 2022. Archived from the original on February 10, 2022. Retrieved March 26, 2022.
- ^ "C-14: An Act to amend the Constitution Act, 1867 (electoral representation)". Parliament of Canada. 2022. Archived from the original on March 24, 2022. Retrieved March 25, 2022.
- ^ "Constitution Act" (PDF). Parliamentary Debates (Hansard). Canada: House of Commons of Canada. June 15, 2022. p. 6768.
- ^ "Constitution Act, 1867" (PDF). Parliamentary Debates (Hansard). Canada: Senate of Canada. June 21, 2022. pp. 1773–1774.
- ^ "JOURNALS Thursday, June 23, 2022". ourcommons.ca. House of Commons of Canada. June 23, 2022. Retrieved June 24, 2022.
A message was received informing the Commons that on June 23, at 10:28 p.m., Her Excellency the Governor General signified royal assent by written declaration to the following bills: Bill C-14, An Act to amend the Constitution Act, 1867 (electoral representation) — Chapter No. 6;
- ^ "New House of Commons Seat Allocation" (Press release). Gatineau: Elections Canada. July 8, 2022. Archived from the original on July 8, 2022. Retrieved July 8, 2022.
- ^ Federal Electoral Boundaries Commission (January 20, 2022). "Federal Electoral Boundaries Commissions Launch Redistribution Website and Social Media Accounts".
- ^ Proclamation declaring the Representation Order to be in Force effective on the First dissolution of Parliament that Occurs after May 1, 2014, SI/2013-102 , reported in the Canada Gazette, Part II, Vol. 147, Extra, October 5, 2013
- ^ "Proclamation Issuing Election Writs" (PDF). Canada Gazette Part II. 149. August 4, 2015. Archived (PDF) from the original on September 6, 2015. Retrieved October 22, 2015.
- ^ "Transposition of Votes from the 44th General Election to the 2023 Representation Orders" (PDF). elections.ca. Elections Canada. April 2024. Retrieved April 10, 2024.
- ^ "Expelled by Liberals, Kevin Vuong wins Toronto riding and says he will keep the seat". National Post. September 23, 2021. Retrieved September 24, 2021.
- ^ CBC News (February 17, 2023). "Calgary MP Ron Liepert says he won't seek re-election". cbc.ca. Archived from the original on April 2, 2023. Retrieved April 2, 2023.
- ^ "EXCLUSIVE: Wayne Long won't reoffer in next federal election". TJ.news.
- ^ "B.C. New Democrat MP Randall Garrison says he will not be seeking re-election". battlefordsNOW. The Canadian Press. Retrieved May 8, 2023.
- ^ Zytaruk, Tom (May 26, 2023). "Fleetwood-Port Kells Liberal MP Ken Hardie says this term will be his last". Surrey Now-Leader. Retrieved January 11, 2024.
- ^ Cassidy, Lianne (June 28, 2023). "News release". mplongfield.ca. Archived from the original on June 28, 2023. Retrieved June 28, 2023.
- ^ Dr. Helena Jaczek [@HelenaJaczek] (July 25, 2023). "After 50 years of public service [...] I have decided that I will not seek re-election after my current term" (Tweet). Retrieved July 25, 2023 – via Twitter.
- ^ Joyce Murray [@JoyceMurray] (July 25, 2023). "After much thought and reflection, I have decided not to run again in the next election after my current term" (Tweet). Retrieved July 25, 2023 – via Twitter.
- ^ Omar Alghabra [@OmarAlghabra] (July 25, 2023). "I have news to share: after a lot of reflection, I decided to not run in the next election" (Tweet). Retrieved July 25, 2023 – via Twitter.
- ^ Robertson, Dylan (September 13, 2022). "Ex-Conservative Quebec MP, 'political orphan' Alain Rayes won't seek re-election". CBC News. Retrieved February 11, 2024.
- ^ FRIES, JOE (September 12, 2023). "MP Cannings won't run again". Penticton Herald.
- ^ "Rota not running for re-election". BayToday.ca. October 23, 2023.
- ^ "Liberal MP Emmanuel Dubourg won't run for re-election | Montreal Gazette". Retrieved February 11, 2024.
- ^ Shackleton, Al (December 7, 2023). "MP Erskine-Smith, runner-up in Ontario Liberal leadership race, won't seek federal re-election in Beaches-East York".
- ^ Quigley, Joseph (March 11, 2024). "'Person of great integrity:' Newmarket-Aurora MP won't run for re-election". NewmarketToday.ca. Retrieved March 11, 2024.
- ^ https://globalnews.ca/news/10358752/ed-fast-harper-conservative-not-seek-re-election/
- ^ "Veteran NDP MP Charlie Angus leaving politics". The Globe and Mail. April 4, 2024.
- ^ "NDP MPs Carol Hughes, Rachel Blaney, Charlie Angus not running again". National Newswatch. April 4, 2024.
- ^ "NDP MPs Carol Hughes, Rachel Blaney, Charlie Angus not running again". National Newswatch. April 4, 2024.
- ^ a b "The Hon. Carolyn Bennett, P.C., M.P." Library of Parliament. Retrieved January 16, 2024.
- ^ a b "Former justice minister David Lametti resigning as Liberal MP to join law firm". The Province. Retrieved January 25, 2024.
- ^ a b "NDP MP Daniel Blaikie resigning House seat to work with Manitoba premier". CTV News. Retrieved February 28, 2024.
- ^ Aiello, Rachel (September 27, 2021). "Annamie Paul resigns as Green Party leader". CTV News. Retrieved November 10, 2021.
- ^ Thurton, David (November 16, 2021). "Green Party accepts Annamie Paul's resignation as leader". CBC News. Retrieved November 17, 2021.
- ^ Ballingall, Alex (November 15, 2021). "Green Party formally accepts Annamie Paul's resignation as leader". Toronto Star. Retrieved November 15, 2021.
- ^ a b Tasker, John Paul; Thibedeau, Hannah (November 15, 2021). "Conservative senator launches petition to oust Erin O'Toole as leader". CBC News. Retrieved November 17, 2021.
- ^ Tasker, John Paul; Thibedeau, Hannah; Dhanraj, Travis (November 16, 2021). "O'Toole kicks senator out of Conservative caucus after she questioned his leadership". CBC News. Retrieved November 17, 2021.
- ^ "Green Party appoints Amita Kuttner as Interim Leader". Green Party of Canada. November 24, 2021.
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- ^ Tasker, John Paul (February 2, 2022). "Conservative MPs vote to remove Erin O'Toole as leader". CBC News. Retrieved February 2, 2022.
- ^ Aziz, Saba (February 2, 2022). "Conservatives elect Candice Bergen as interim party leader". Global News.
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Section 2.1.7.2
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- ^ "Liberal Charles Sousa wins federal byelection in Mississauga-Lakeshore, CBC News projects". CBC News. December 12, 2022. Retrieved December 12, 2022.
- ^ "There will be a Calgary Heritage byelection this year: Elections Canada". cbc.ca. January 5, 2023. Archived from the original on January 14, 2023.
- ^ Abbott, Chris (January 27, 2023). "MacKenzie voices opposition to proposed federal riding changes". chathamdailynews.ca. Archived from the original on January 28, 2023.
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- ^ Tunney, Catharine (March 22, 2023). "Liberal MP Han Dong leaving caucus amid foreign interference allegations". CBC News. Retrieved March 22, 2023.
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- ^ "Conservatives maintain grip on Calgary Heritage with byelection win". CBC. July 25, 2023. Retrieved August 6, 2023.
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MP (2012-11-26 - 2023-08-01)
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