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Revision as of 23:18, 13 August 2008
Michael Fred Phelps (born June 30, 1985) is an American swimmer who holds world records in several events. Phelps has won thirteen Olympic medals overall (eleven gold, two bronze): eight at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens (six gold, two bronze) and five at the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games (all gold),[2] which gave him the most gold medals of any Olympic athlete at 11.[3]
Phelps' eight medals in the Athens Olympics tied him with Soviet gymnast Alexander Dityatin for the most medals of any type in any one Olympics.[4]
Phelps' international titles, along with his various world records, have resulted in him being awarded the World Swimmer of the Year Award in 2003, 2004, 2006, 2007 and American Swimmer of the Year Award in 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2006, and 2007.
Phelps has qualified to compete in eight swimming events at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, and is attempting to beat Mark Spitz's record of seven gold medals at one Olympics.
Personal life
Phelps grew up in the Rodgers Forge neighborhood of Baltimore, Maryland, and graduated from Towson High School in 2003.[5] His father, Fred Phelps, worked for the Maryland State Police and his mother, Debbie Davisson Phelps, is a middle school principal.[6] The two divorced in 1994.[5] Phelps, whose nickname is "MP", has two older sisters, Whitney and Hilary.[5][6] Both of them were swimmers as well, with Whitney coming close to making the U.S. national team for the 1996 Summer Olympics before injuries derailed her career.
In his youth, Phelps was diagnosed with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).[5] He started swimming at age seven, partly because of the influence of his sisters and partly to provide him with an outlet for his restless energy. He blossomed quickly as a swimmer, and by the age of 10 held a national record for his age group. More age group records followed, and Phelps' rapid improvement culminated in his qualifying for the 2000 Summer Olympics at the age of 15.[7]
In November 2004, at the age of 19, Phelps was arrested for driving under the influence of alcohol in Salisbury, Maryland. He pleaded guilty to driving while impaired the following month and was granted probation before judgment and ordered to serve 18 months probation, fined $250, obligated to speak to high schoolers about drinking and driving and had to attend a Mothers Against Drunk Driving (MADD) meeting.[8][9] Questioned about the incident later that month by Matt Lauer on the Today Show, Phelps said it was an "isolated incident" and that he had "definitely let myself down and my family down…I think I let a lot of people in the country down."[5]
Between 2004 and 2008, Phelps attended the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, Michigan, studying sports marketing and management. In May 2008, Phelps said he intends to return to Baltimore following the 2008 Olympics, joining Bob Bowman there when he leaves the University of Michigan, saying, "I'm not going to swim for anybody else. I think we can both help the North Baltimore Athletic Club go further. I'm definitely going to be in Baltimore next year." The club has announced that Bowman is leaving the University of Michigan to become the club's CEO.[10]
In a front page illustrated article profiling Phelps on the eve of the 2008 Summer Olympics, The Baltimore Sun described the hometown swimmer as "a solitary man" with a "rigid focus" at the pool prior to a race, but afterwards "a man incredibly invested in the success of the people he cares about".[5] Bowman told a Sun interviewer, "He's unbelievably kind-hearted", recounting Phelps' interaction with young children after practices.[5]
Career
Early years
As a young teenager, Phelps trained at the North Baltimore Aquatic Club, under coach Bob Bowman. At the age of 15, Phelps competed at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, becoming the youngest American male swimmer at an Olympic Games in 68 years. While he did not win a medal, he was fifth in the 200 m Butterfly. Phelps proceeded to make a name for himself in swimming shortly thereafter. Five months after the Sydney Olympics, Phelps broke the world record in the 200 m butterfly to become, at 15 years and 9 months, the youngest man ever to set a swimming world record.[11] He then broke his own record again at the World Championships in Fukuoka, Japan (1:54.58). At the 2002 Summer Nationals in Fort Lauderdale, Phelps also broke the world record for the 400 m individual medley and set American marks in the 100 m butterfly and the 200 m individual medley.
In 2003, Phelps broke his own world record in the 400 m individual medley (4:09.09) and in June, he broke the world record in the 200 m individual medley (1:56.04). Then on July 7, 2004, Phelps broke his own world record again in the 400 m individual medley (4:08.41) during the U.S. trials for the 2004 Summer Olympics.
In 2004, Phelps left North Baltimore Aquatic Club with Bob Bowman to train at the University of Michigan for Club Wolverine.
2004 Athens Summer Olympic Games
Event | Results | Time |
---|---|---|
400 m individual medley | Gold Medal, World Record | 4:08.26[12] |
100 m butterfly | Gold Medal, Olympic Record | 51.25[13] |
200 m freestyle | Bronze Medal, American Record | 1:45.32[14] |
200 m butterfly | Gold Medal, Olympic Record | 1:54.04[15] |
200 m individual medley | Gold Medal, Olympic Record | 1:57.14[16] |
4 x 100 m freestyle relay | Bronze Medal | 3:14.62[17] |
4 x 200 m freestyle relay | Gold Medal, American Record | 7:07.33[18] |
4 x 100 m medley relay | Gold Medal, World Record | 3:30.68[19] |
Phelps' dominance has brought comparisons to former swimming great Mark Spitz,[20] who won seven gold medals in the 1972 Summer Olympics, a world record. Phelps tied Mark Spitz's record of four gold medals won in individual events. Phelps had the chance to break Spitz's record of seven total gold medals in the 2004 Athens Olympics by competing in eight swimming events (five of which were individual events): the 200 m freestyle, the 100 m butterfly, the 200 m butterfly, the 200 m individual medley, the 400 m individual medley, the 4x100 m freestyle relay, 4x200 m freestyle relay, and the 4x100 m medley relay. However, his 4x100 m freestyle relay team only won the bronze medal, and he personally placed for bronze in the 200 m freestyle. Thus, he fell short of Spitz's record. However, he did win eight medals in one Olympics, a feat only achieved by Alexander Dityatin, a gymnast, in the 1980 Olympics in Moscow.
Had he won seven golds, he would have been eligible for a US$1 million bonus from his sponsor, Speedo.[21] Phelps does, however, have another chance at this $1 million should he win seven or more golds at the 2008 Olympic Games in Beijing.
On August 14, 2004 he won his first Olympic gold, in the 400 m individual medley, setting another new world record (4:08.26). On August 16 he was beaten by the Australian winner Ian Thorpe and the Dutch Pieter van den Hoogenband in 200 m freestyle final, called the race of the century.[22]
On August 20, 2004 in the 100 m butterfly final, Phelps defeated American teammate Ian Crocker (who holds the world record in the event) by just 0.04 seconds. Traditionally, the Olympian who places highest in an individual event will be automatically given the corresponding leg of the 4x100 m medley relay. This gave Phelps an automatic entry into the medley relay but he deferred and Crocker swam instead. The American medley team went on to win the event in world record time, and, since he had raced in a preliminary heat of the medley relay, Phelps was also awarded a gold medal along with the team members that competed in the final.
2004–2008
Phelps moved to Ann Arbor, Michigan following the 2004 Olympics when his longtime coach at the North Baltimore Athletic Club, Bob Bowman, became head coach of the University of Michigan swimming team. Phelps served as a volunteer assistant coach, but did not swim for the university's team in NCAA competition because of his loss of amateur status, having accepted endorsement money from his sponsors Speedo, Visa, Omega and PowerBar.[23] Instead, he trained with and competed for Club Wolverine, a USA Swimming club affiliated with the university, between 2004 and 2008. The Baltimore Sun said in August 2008 that Phelps earns $5 million annually in endorsements.[5]
He competed in the 2005 World Championships, winning six medals, (five gold and one silver) and breaking one Championship record.
At the 2007 World Championships[24] , Phelps won seven gold medals, tying the record, and broke five world records. He co-founded the "Swim with the Stars" program, along with Ian Crocker and Lenny Krayzelburg, a program which promotes swimming and conducts camps for swimmers of all ages.
Event | Results | Time |
---|---|---|
200 m freestyle | Gold Medal, World Record | 1:43.86 |
100 m butterfly | Gold Medal | 50.77 |
200 m butterfly | Gold Medal, World Record | 1:52.09 |
200 m individual medley | Gold Medal, World Record | 1:54.98 |
400 m individual medley | Gold Medal, World Record | 4:06.22 |
4 x 100 m freestyle relay | Gold Medal, Championship Record | 3:12.72 |
4 x 200 m freestyle relay | Gold Medal, World Record | 7:03.24 |
4 x 100 m medley relay | Disqualified |
2008 Beijing Summer Olympic Games
Phelps is representing the United States at the 2008 Summer Olympics. He qualified to compete in the following events:[5]
Date (in Beijing) | Event | Results | Time |
---|---|---|---|
August 10 | 400 m individual medley | Gold Medal, World Record | 4:03.84[25] |
August 11 | 4 x 100 m freestyle relay | Gold Medal, World Record | 3:08.24[26] |
August 12 | 200 m freestyle | Gold Medal, World Record | 1:42.96[27] |
August 13 | 200 m butterfly | Gold Medal, World Record | 1:52.03[28] |
August 13 | 4 x 200 m freestyle relay | Gold Medal, World Record | 6:58.56[29] |
August 15 | 200 m individual medley | ||
August 16 | 100 m butterfly | ||
August 17 | 4 x 100 m medley relay |
Phelps set an Olympic record in the preliminary heats of the men's 400-meter individual medley.[30] He followed that up in the final by winning the gold medal, as well as breaking his previous world record by nearly two seconds.
Phelps swam the first leg of the men's 4x100m freestyle relay in a time of 47.51 seconds (an American record for the 100 m freestyle), and won his second gold medal of the 2008 Olympics, as well as setting his second world record of the Olympics (3:08.24). Teammate Jason Lezak finished ahead of the silver medalists French team by eight hundredths of a second. The top five teams in the final finished ahead of the world record of 3:12.23 set the day before by the American B team in a preliminary heat.[31]
For his third race, Phelps broke his previous World Record in the 200-meter freestyle by nearly a second and won his third gold medal. He also set his third world record at the Olympics, 1:42.96, winning by nearly two seconds over silver medalist Park Tae-hwan.[32] Phelps became only the fifth Olympic athlete in history to win nine career gold medals, along with Mark Spitz, Larissa Latynina, Paavo Nurmi, and Carl Lewis.
The next day, Phelps would have two finals. In his first event, the 200-meter butterfly, Phelps made it four events, four gold medals and four world records by swimming the final in 1:52.03, defeating silver medalist Laszlo Cseh by almost seven-tenths of a second despite his goggles filling with water and being unable to "see anything for the last 100 [meters]."[33][34] This fourth gold medal was his 10th, and made him the all-time leader for most Olympic gold medals won by an individual.
Less than one hour after his gold medal victory in the 200-meter butterfly, Phelps swam the lead-off leg of the 4 x 200-meter freestyle relay. He won his fifth gold and set his fifth world record as the American team finished first with a time of 6:58.56. The Americans were the first team to break the seven-minute mark in the relay, and broke the previous record, set in Template:City-state, by more than four and a half seconds.[35]
Major achievements
International events
Year | Meet | Venue | Distance | Event | Results |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2001 | World Championships (LC) | Fukuoka, Japan | 200 m | Butterfly | 1st (WR) |
2002 | Pan Pacific Championships | Yokohama, Japan | 200 m | Butterfly | 2nd |
200 m | Individual Medley | 1st | |||
400 m | Individual Medley | 1st | |||
4 x 200 m | Freestyle Relay | 2nd | |||
4 x 100 m | Medley Relay | 1st (WR) | |||
2003 | World Championships (LC) | Barcelona, Spain | 100 m | Butterfly | 2nd |
200 m | Butterfly | 1st (WR) | |||
200 m | Individual Medley | 1st (WR) | |||
400 m | Individual Medley | 1st (WR) | |||
4 x 200 m | Freestyle Relay | 2nd (AR) | |||
4 x 100 m | Medley Relay | 1st | |||
2004 | Summer Olympics | Athens, Greece | 200 m | Freestyle | 3rd (AR) |
100 m | Butterfly | 1st (OR) | |||
200 m | Butterfly | 1st (OR) | |||
200 m | Individual Medley | 1st (OR) | |||
400 m | Individual Medley | 1st (WR) | |||
4 x 100 m | Medley Relay | 1st | |||
4 x 100 m | Freestyle Relay | 3rd | |||
4 x 200 m | Freestyle Relay | 1st (AR) | |||
World Championships[36]
(SC) |
Indianapolis, Indiana, U.S. | 200 m | Freestyle | 1st | |
2005 | World Championships[37]
(LC) |
Montreal, Quebec, Canada | 200 m | Freestyle | 1st |
100 m | Butterfly | 2nd | |||
200 m | Individual Medley | 1st | |||
4 x 100 m | Medley Relay | 1st | |||
4 x 100 m | Freestyle Relay | 1st | |||
4 x 200 m | Freestyle Relay | 1st | |||
2006 | Pan Pacific Championships | Victoria, British Columbia, Canada | 200 m | Backstroke | 2nd |
200 m | Butterfly | 1st (WR) | |||
200 m | Individual Medley | 1st (WR) | |||
400 m | Individual Medley | 1st | |||
4 x 100 m | Freestyle Relay | 1st (WR) | |||
4 x 200 m | Freestyle Relay | 1st (AR) | |||
2007 | World Championships (LC) | Melbourne, Victoria, Australia | 4 x 100 m | Freestyle Relay | 1st |
4 x 200 m | Freestyle Relay | 1st (WR) | |||
200 m | Freestyle | 1st (WR) | |||
200 m | Butterfly | 1st (WR) | |||
200 m | Individual Medley | 1st (WR) | |||
100 m | Butterfly | 1st | |||
400 m | Individual Medley | 1st (WR) | |||
2008 | Summer Olympics | Beijing, China | 400 m | Individual Medley | 1st (WR) |
4 x 100 m | Freestyle Relay | 1st (WR) | |||
200 m | Freestyle | 1st (WR) | |||
200 m | Butterfly | 1st (WR) | |||
4 x 200 m | Freestyle Relay | 1st (WR) |
LC: long course - 50 m pool; SC: short course - 25 m pool.
(WR)- World Record (OR)- Olympic Record (AR)- American Record
U.S. national titles
With 38 national titles as of 2007, Phelps is beginning to approach the record of 48 held by Tracy Caulkins.
Meters Nationals (38+5):
- 50 m free (1): '07 SCN
- 100 m free (4): '07 WIN, '05 SPG, '04 SPG, '03 SUM
- 200 m free (7): '07 SUM (US), '06 SUM, '05 SUM, '05 SPG, '04 SPG, '03 SUM (AR), '03 SPG
- 400 m free (2): '05 SPG, '03 SUM (AR)
- 100 m back (1): '07 SUM (US)
- 200 m back (4): '07 SUM (US), '04 SPG, '03 SUM, '03 SPG
- 100 m fly (7): '07 SUM, '06 SUM, '05 SPG, '04 SPG (US), '03 SPG, '02 SUM (AR), ’01 SUM
- 200 m fly (4): '06 SUM, '05 SUM, '02 SUM (US), '01 SPG (WR)
- 200 m IM (6): '06 SUM, '05 SPG, '04 SPG, '03 SUM (WR), '02 SUM (AR), ’01 SUM
- 400 m IM (2): '06 SUM, '02 SUM (WR)
- 4 x 100 m medley (2): '07 SUM, '06 SUM
- 4 x 100 m free (2): '07 SUM, '05 SUM
- 4 x 200 m free (1): '05 SUM (US)
Yards Nationals (2+1):
- 100 yd free (1): '07 SCYN
- 200 yd free (1): '07 SCYN
- 4 x 200 yd (180 m) free (1): '07 SCYN (AR)
- Relays do not count as individual national titles.
- USA Swimming is currently in the process of moving away from having two National Championships per year to only one. As a result, he has not and may not attend many more Spring Nationals.
Records and rankings
Currently held records
Record | Distance | Event | Time | Location | Date |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
World | 200 m (lc) | Freestyle | 1:42.96 | Beijing, China | 2008, August 12 |
200 m (lc) | Butterfly | 1:52.03 | Beijing, China | 2008, August 13 | |
200 m (lc) | Individual Medley | 1:54.80 | Omaha, Nebraska, USA | 2008, July 4 | |
400 m (lc) | Individual Medley | 4:03.84 | Beijing, China | 2008, August 10 | |
4 x 100 m (lc) | Freestyle Relay | 3:08.24 | Beijing, China | 2008, August 11 | |
4 x 200 m (lc) | Freestyle Relay | 6:58.56 | Beijing, China | 2008, August 13 | |
American | 100 m (lc) | Freestyle | 47.51 | Beijing, China | 2008, August 11 |
200 m (sc) | Freestyle | 1:43.78 | East Meadow, New York, USA | 2006, February 4 | |
200 m (sc) | Butterfly | 1:52.27 | Melbourne, Victoria, Australia | 2003, November 28 | |
200yd | Freestyle | 1:32.08 | Austin, Texas, USA | 2005, March 3 | |
200yd | Butterfly | 1:39.70 | Austin, Texas, USA | 2006, March 4 | |
400yd | Individual Medley | 3:36.26 | Austin, Texas, USA | 2006, March 3 | |
Set in US | 200 m (lc) | Freestyle | 1:44.10 | Omaha, Nebraska, USA | 2008, July 1 |
200 m (lc) | Backstroke | 1:54.65 | Indianapolis, Indiana, USA | 2007, August 1 | |
200 m (lc) | Butterfly | 1:52.20 | Omaha, Nebraska, USA | 2008July 3 | |
200 m (lc) | Individual Medley | 1:55.94 | College Park, Maryland, USA | 2003August 9 | |
4 x 200 m (lc) | Freestyle Relay | 7:12.35 | Irvine, California, USA | 2005August 5 | |
200 m (sc) | Freestyle | 1:43.78 | East Meadow, New York, USA | 2006, February 4 | |
400 m (sc) | Individual Medley | 4:03.99 | East Meadow, New York, USA | 2006February 3 | |
200yd | Butterfly | 1:39.70 | Austin, Texas, USA | 2006, March 4 | |
400yd | Individual Medley | 3:36.26 | Austin, Texas, USA | 2006, March 3 |
World records
With 30 world records (25 individual, 5 relay), as of August 2008, Phelps is approaching Mark Spitz's record of 33 world records (26 individual, 7 relay). All of the records were set in a long course (50 meter) pool; records that currently stand are indicated in bold.
No. | Distance | Event | Time | Location | Date |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 200 m | Butterfly | 1:54.92 | Austin, Texas, USA | 2001, March 30 |
2 | 200 m | Butterfly (2) | 1:54.58 | Fukuoka, Japan | 2001, July 24 |
3 | 400 m | Individual Medley | 4:11.09 | Ft. Lauderdale, Florida, USA | 2002, August 15 |
4 | 4x100 m | Medley Relay[a] | 3:33.48 | Yokohama, Japan | 2002, August 29 |
5 | 400 m | Individual Medley (2) | 4:10.73 | Indianapolis, Indiana, USA | 2003, April 6 |
6 | 200 m | Individual Medley | 1:57.94 | Santa Clara, California, USA | 2003, June 29 |
7 | 200 m | Butterfly (3) | 1:53.93 | Barcelona, Spain | 2003, July 22 |
8 | 200 m | Individual Medley (2) | 1:57.52 | Barcelona, Spain | 2003, July 24 |
9 | 100 m | Butterfly | 51.47 | Barcelona, Spain | 2003, July 25 |
10 | 200 m | Individual Medley (3) | 1:56.04 | Barcelona, Spain | 2003, July 25 |
11 | 400 m | Individual Medley (3) | 4:09.09 | Barcelona, Spain | 2003, July 27 |
12 | 200 m | Individual Medley (4) | 1:55.94 | College Park, Maryland, USA | 2003, August 9 |
13 | 400 m | Individual Medley (4) | 4:08.41 | Long Beach, California, USA | 2004, July 7 |
14 | 400 m | Individual Medley (5) | 4:08.26 | Athens, Greece | 2004, August 14 |
15 | 200 m | Butterfly (4) | 1:53.80 | Victoria, British Columbia, Canada | 2006, August 17 |
16 | 4x100 m | Freestyle Relay[b] | 3:12.46 | Victoria, British Columbia, Canada | 2006, August 19 |
17 | 200 m | Individual Medley (5) | 1:55.84 | Victoria, British Columbia, Canada | 2006, August 20 |
18 | 200 m | Butterfly (5) | 1:53.71 | Columbia, Missouri, USA | 2007, February 17 |
19 | 200 m | Freestyle | 1:43.86 | Melbourne, Victoria, Australia | 2007, March 27 |
20 | 200 m | Butterfly (6) | 1:52.09 | Melbourne, Victoria, Australia | 2007, March 28 |
21 | 200 m | Individual Medley (6) | 1:54.98 | Melbourne, Victoria, Australia | 2007, March 29 |
22 | 4x200 m | Freestyle Relay[c] | 7:03.24 | Melbourne, Victoria, Australia | 2007, March 30 |
23 | 400 m | Individual Medley (6) | 4:06.22 | Melbourne, Victoria, Australia | 2007, April 1 |
24 | 400 m | Individual Medley (7) | 4:05.25 | Omaha, Nebraska, USA | 2008, June 29 |
25 | 200 m | Individual Medley (7) | 1:54.80 | Omaha, Nebraska, USA | 2008, July 4 |
26 | 400 m | Individual Medley (8) | 4:03.84 | Beijing, China | 2008, August 10 |
27 | 4x100 m | Freestyle Relay (2)[d] | 3:08.24 | Beijing, China | 2008, August 11 |
28 | 200 m | Freestyle (2) | 1:42.96 | Beijing, China | 2008, August 12 |
29 | 200 m | Butterfly (7) | 1:52.03 | Beijing, China | 2008, August 13 |
30 | 4x200 m | Freestyle Relay (2)[e] | 6:58.56 | Beijing, China | 2008, August 13 |
- a with Aaron Peirsol, Brendan Hansen, and Jason Lezak
- b with Neil Walker, Cullen Jones, and Jason Lezak
- c with Ryan Lochte, Klete Keller, and Peter Vanderkaay
- d with Garrett Weber-Gale, Cullen Jones, and Jason Lezak
- e with Ryan Lochte, Ricky Berens, and Peter Vanderkaay
Best times and all-time event rankings
Event | Best Time | All-Time American Rank | All-Time World Rank | Top 25 Swims All-Time |
---|---|---|---|---|
Long Course Meters | ||||
100m Freestyle | 47.51 | #1 | #3 | #5 |
200m Freestyle | 1:42.96 | #1 | #1 | #1, #2 (1:43.31r), #3 (1:43.86), #5 (1:44.10), #13 (1:44.98), #18 (1:45.20), #20 (1:45.32), #24 (1:45.36r) |
400m Freestyle | 3:46.73 | #5 | #22 | |
100m Backstroke | 53.01 | #3 | #3 | #5, Tie-#8 (Aaron Peirsol, 53.17), #19 (53.42) |
200m Backstroke | 1:54.65 | #3 | #3 | #5, #15 (1:55.30), #23 (1:55.84) |
100m Butterfly | 50.77 | #2 | #2 | #3, #5 (50.89), #7 (51.04), #9/10 (51.10), #11 (51.15), Tie-#13 (Ian Crocker, 51.25), #17 (51.34), #19 (51.39), #23 (51.47) |
200m Butterfly | 1:52.03 | #1 | #1 | #1, #2 (1:52.09), #3 (1:52.20), #4 (1:53.33), #5 (1:53.71), #6 (1:53.80), #8 (1:53.93), #9 (1:54.02), #10 (1:54.04), #12 (1:54.31), #13 (1:54.32), #14 (1:54.35), #20 (1:54.58), #25 (1:54.86) |
200m Individual Medley | 1:54.80 | #1 | #1 | #1, #2 (1:54.98), #4 (1:55.84), #5 (1:55.94), #6 (1:56.04), #9 (1:56.50), #10 (1:56.68), #11 (1:56.71), #13 (1:56.80), #15 (1:56.93), #17 (1:57.14), #18 (1:57.39), #20 (1:57.44), #21 (1:57.52), #24 (1:57.64) |
400m Individual Medley | 4:03.84 | #1 | #1 | #1, #2(4:05.25), #4(4:06.22), #6(4:08.26), #7(4:08.41), #8(4:09.09), #15 (4:10.16), #16 (4:10.47), #17 (4:10.73), #19 (4:11.09), #22 (4:11.30), #23 (4:11.40) |
Short Course Yards | ||||
100yd Freestyle | 41.93 | #5 | #9 | |
200yd Freestyle | 1:32.08 | #1 | #2 | #2, #3 (1:32.13), #6 (1:32.43) |
500yd Freestyle | 4:10.43 | #5 | #5 | #7 |
100yd Backstroke | 45.50 | #7 | #8 | |
200yd Backstroke | 1:41.55 | #21 | #23 | |
100yd Butterfly | 45.40 | #4 | #6 | |
200yd Butterfly | 1:39.70 | #1 | #1 | #1, #2 (1:41.72), #6 (1:42.10) |
200yd Individual Medley | 1:41.30 | #2 | #2 | #3, #4 (1:41.32), #9 (1:42.78) |
400yd Individual Medley | 3:36.26 | #1 | #1 | #1, #9 (3:39.61) |
See also
- World record progression 200 metres freestyle
- World record progression 100 metres butterfly
- World record progression 200 metres butterfly
- World record progression 200 metres medley
- World record progression 400 metres medley
- World record progression 4x100 metres freestyle relay
- World record progression 4x200 metres freestyle relay
- World record progression 4x100 metres medley relay
- Olympic gold medalists
- List of multiple Olympic gold medalists
References
- ^ http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/olympics/aquatics/baltimore-bullet-has-history-in-his-sights-889968.html
- ^ "2004 Olympic Games swimming results". Retrieved 2007-07-22.
- ^ List of multiple Olympic gold medalists
- ^ http://www.cbc.ca/olympics/story/2004/08/20/phelps_swimming040820.html
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Kevin Van Valkenburg (2008-08-03). "Phelps' voyage". The Baltimore Sun. pp. 1A, 16A–17A.
{{cite news}}
: Italic or bold markup not allowed in:|publisher=
(help) - ^ a b "USA Swimming — Michael Phelps". U.S. Olympic Committee. 2008. Retrieved 2008-06-26.
- ^ Paul McMullen, Amazing Pace: The Story of Olympic Champion Michael Phelps from Sydney to Athens to Beijing. New York: Rodale, Inc., 2006.
- ^ "Olympic Champ Sentenced For DUI". CBS News. 2004-12-29. Retrieved 2008-02-14.
- ^ "Michael Phelps". Ask Men. Retrieved 2008-05-25.
- ^ Kevin Van Valkenburg (2008-05-11). "Phelps returns to attend NBAC fundraiser". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved 2008-05-26.
{{cite web}}
: Italic or bold markup not allowed in:|publisher=
(help) - ^ Paul McMullen (2001-05-09). "Phelps marks his time Swimming: Towson High's Michael Phelps now counts a butterfly world record, as well as his participation in the 2000 Olympics, as his biggest thrills". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved 2008-01-26.
- ^ http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/olympics_2004/swimming/3564324.stm
- ^ http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/olympics_2004/swimming/3584378.stm
- ^ http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/olympics_2004/swimming/3571044.stm
- ^ http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/olympics_2004/swimming/3571638.stm
- ^ http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/olympics_2004/swimming/3577920.stm
- ^ http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/olympics_2004/swimming/3566566.stm
- ^ http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/olympics_2004/swimming/3572472.stm
- ^ http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/olympics_2004/swimming/3586784.stm
- ^ Mark Spitz compared with Phelps
- ^ $1 million endorsement
- ^ Race of the Century
- ^ United States Olympic Committee - SWIMMING: Matsunichi Signs Global Endorsement Contract with Michael Phelps
- ^ "12th FINA World Championships". Retrieved 2007-06-09.
- ^ http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/olympics/swimming/7552038.stm
- ^ http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/olympics/swimming/7553107.stm
- ^ http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/olympics/swimming/7555336.stm
- ^ http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/olympics/swimming/7557675.stm
- ^ http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/olympics/swimming/7557675.stm
- ^ Phelps Sets Olympic Record.
- ^ http://www.nbcolympics.com/swimming/resultsandschedules/rsc=SWM411100/index.html
- ^ http://sports.espn.go.com/oly/summer08/swimming/news/story?id=3530615
- ^ http://www.latimes.com/sports/printedition/la-sp-olyswim13-2008aug13,0,5691449.story
- ^ http://www.nbcolympics.com/swimming/resultsandschedules/rsc=SWM022100/index.html
- ^ http://www.nbcolympics.com/swimming/resultsandschedules/rsc=SWM412100/index.html
- ^ "7th FINA World Championships - 25m Indianapolis 2004" (PDF). Retrieved 2007-07-24.
- ^ "Montreal 2005 Results". Retrieved 2007-06-09.
External links
- Michael Phelps official web site
- Biography at USA Swimming
- Michael Phelps at Team USA (archived)
- Stroke by Stroke: How Michael Phelps turbocharged his repertoire (photos).
- [1] Michael Phelps breaks his own 400 m IM record.
- Michael Phelps at IMDb
- Videos & Results on SwimPassion.net
- Michael Phelps Video on ESPN Video Archive
- "Michael Phelps", n°3 on Time’s list of "100 Olympic Athletes To Watch"
{{subst:#if:Phelps, Michael|}} [[Category:{{subst:#switch:{{subst:uc:1985}}
|| UNKNOWN | MISSING = Year of birth missing {{subst:#switch:{{subst:uc:LIVING}}||LIVING=(living people)}} | #default = 1985 births
}}]] {{subst:#switch:{{subst:uc:LIVING}}
|| LIVING = | MISSING = | UNKNOWN = | #default =
}}
- Living people
- LIVING deaths
- Swimming World World Swimmers of the Year
- American butterfly swimmers
- American freestyle swimmers
- American medley swimmers
- American swimmers
- Olympic swimmers of the United States
- World record holders in swimming
- Swimmers at the 2000 Summer Olympics
- Swimmers at the 2004 Summer Olympics
- Swimmers at the 2008 Summer Olympics
- Olympic gold medalists for the United States
- Olympic bronze medalists for the United States
- University of Michigan athletics
- James E. Sullivan Award recipients
- People from Baltimore, Maryland