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:*[[Rhiannon Leigh Wryn]] as young Betty Ross
:*[[Rhiannon Leigh Wryn]] as young Betty Ross


*[[Sam Elliott]] as [[Thunderbolt Ross|General Thaddeus "Thunderbolt" Ross]]: A four-star general and estranged father of Betty and the secondary antagonist. Ross was responsible for prohibiting David Banner from his lab work after learning of his dangerous experiments. Elliot felt his performance was similar to his portrayal of [[Basil L. Plumley]] in ''[[We Were Soldiers]]''.<ref>{{cite news | author = [[Rob Worley]] | title = Elliott Talks ''Hulk'' | publisher = Comics2Film | date = 2002-02-28 | url = http://www.mania.com/elliott-talks-bihulkib_article_87814.html| accessdate = 2010-04-27}}</ref> Elliott accepted the role without reading the script, being simply too excited to work with Ang Lee. In addition Elliot also researched Hulk comic books for the part.<ref>{{cite news | author = [[Rob Worley]] | url = http://www.comicbookresources.com/?page=article&id=2232 | title = Countdown to ''Hulk'': Sam Elliott: Hulkbuster | publisher = [[Comic Book Resources]] | date = 2003-06-11 | accessdate = 2008-06-17}}</ref>
*[[Sam Elliott]] as [[Thunderbolt Ross|General Thunderbolt Ross]]: A four-star general and estranged father of Betty and the secondary antagonist. Ross was responsible for prohibiting David Banner from his lab work after learning of his dangerous experiments. Elliot felt his performance was similar to his portrayal of [[Basil L. Plumley]] in ''[[We Were Soldiers]]''.<ref>{{cite news | author = [[Rob Worley]] | title = Elliott Talks ''Hulk'' | publisher = Comics2Film | date = 2002-02-28 | url = http://www.mania.com/elliott-talks-bihulkib_article_87814.html| accessdate = 2010-04-27}}</ref> Elliott accepted the role without reading the script, being simply too excited to work with Ang Lee. In addition Elliot also researched Hulk comic books for the part.<ref>{{cite news | author = [[Rob Worley]] | url = http://www.comicbookresources.com/?page=article&id=2232 | title = Countdown to ''Hulk'': Sam Elliott: Hulkbuster | publisher = [[Comic Book Resources]] | date = 2003-06-11 | accessdate = 2008-06-17}}</ref>
:*Todd Tensen as young Thaddeus Ross
:*Todd Tensen as young Thaddeus Ross


Revision as of 07:02, 10 May 2013

This article is about the 2003 film. For the 2008 film, see The Incredible Hulk (film).
Hulk
Theatrical release poster
Directed byAng Lee
Screenplay by
Story byJames Schamus
Produced by
StarringEric Bana
Jennifer Connelly
Sam Elliott
Josh Lucas
Nick Nolte
CinematographyFrederick Elmes
Edited byTim Squyres
Music byDanny Elfman
Production
companies
Marvel Studios
Good Machine
Valhalla Motion Pictures
Distributed byUniversal Pictures
Release date
  • June 20, 2003 (2003-06-20)
Running time
138 minutes
CountryUnited States
LanguageEnglish
Budget$137,000,000
Box office$245,360,480

Hulk (also known as The Hulk) is a 2003 American superhero film based on the fictional Marvel Comics character of the same name. Ang Lee directed the film, which stars Eric Bana as Dr. Bruce Banner, as well as Jennifer Connelly, Sam Elliott, Josh Lucas, and Nick Nolte. The film explores the origins of the Hulk, which is partially attributed to Banner's father's experiments on himself, and on his son.

Development for the film started as far back as 1990. The film was at one point to be directed by Joe Johnston and then Jonathan Hensleigh. More scripts had been written by Hensleigh, John Turman, Michael France, Zak Penn, J. J. Abrams, Scott Alexander and Larry Karaszewski, Michael Tolkin, and David Hayter before Ang Lee and James Schamus' involvement. Hulk was shot mostly in California, primarily in the San Francisco Bay Area.

The film grossed over $245 million worldwide, higher than its $137 million budget, but still considered somewhat of a disappointment. The film received mixed to positive reviews from film critics. Many praised the writing, acting, character development of the film, and the music score by Danny Elfman, but criticized the character origins differing from the comics, outdated CGI, and the dark, depressing story plot. A reboot, titled The Incredible Hulk , was released on June 13, 2008.

Plot

Near the end of the 1960s, scientist David Banner is conducting research into genetics and is attempting to mutate human DNA to boost the immune systems of soldiers to help them heal quickly in battle. After he is denied permission to conduct human trials, Banner experiments on himself. As time passes, David realizes his mutant DNA has been passed on to his son and attempts to find a cure. The military, lead by Thunderbolt Ross, shuts down Banner's research after learning of the unauthorized experiments. In a fit of rage, Banner triggers a massive gamma explosion and kills his wife. David is put into a mental hospital while young Bruce is adopted, growing up to believe his parents are both dead.

In 2003, Bruce Banner is now a researcher at the University of California, Berkeley. The military takes an interest in Banner's research into nanomeds and sends Major Talbot to investigate it. Meanwhile, David Banner reappears and begins to infiltrate Bruce's life, taking a job as a janitor at the lab and secretly keeping an eye on Bruce. Thunderbolt Ross is informed of the research and becomes concerned for his daughter Betty, who works at the lab with Bruce. Ross meets with Betty and informs her of his concerns, but she becomes angry that he came there for business and not to reconcile with her.

In a lab accident, Bruce is accidentally exposed to gamma radiation and the nanomeds, which combine with his already mutated DNA and protect him from being killed by the radiation. After the accident Bruce awakens in a hospital bed and Betty informs him that he should be dead, but instead he is better than he was before. That night, David finally confronts Bruce and reveals himself as Bruce's father. He tells Bruce to watch his temper and quietly steals some of Bruce's hair to conduct his own tests on. David begins using Bruce's altered DNA in animal testing, producing a pack of mutated dogs. The combined frustration and stress around Bruce begin to overwhelm him and he transforms into the Hulk, destroying his lab and rampaging.

The next day, Betty finds Bruce passed out at home. As he is trying to piece together what happened, General Ross arrives and places him under house arrest. Betty tracks down David and confronts him, prompting David to call Bruce and tell him that he has unleashed three mutant dogs to track down and kill Betty. Bruce is further provoked by Major Talbot and transforms into Hulk, seriously injuring Major Talbot before rushing to save Betty. The next morning, Bruce is captured by Ross and taken to an underground desert base where Major Talbot is in charge of research. Betty wants to help Bruce control his transformations, but General Ross believes that Bruce is a danger who is doomed to follow in his father's footsteps.

Major Talbot sees an opportunity to profit from the Hulk's strength and regenerative capability. He puts Bruce in a sensory deprivation tank and triggers a transformation into the Hulk, who escapes from the research facility. Talbot is killed when a gun he fires at the Hulk ricochets back on him. The escaped Hulk flees into the desert, battling the army forces sent after him. He discovers that he can cover great distances by leaping with his powerful legs, and uses this ability to quickly make his way to San Francisco to find Betty. Betty defies her father and confronts the Hulk, who is soothed by her appearance and transforms back into Bruce Banner. Meanwhile, David breaks into the lab and uses Bruce's nanomed technology on himself, gaining the ability to meld with and absorb the properties of any substance he touches. He goes to Betty's house and offers to turn himself in, with the condition that he can see Bruce one more time.

General Ross agrees and allows David to talk to Bruce. David tells Bruce that he wants to see his real son, the Hulk. Bruce refuses to transform and David grabs a nearby power wire, mutating into a large power-absorbing monster. Bruce becomes the Hulk and the two fly to a forest and battle. The two fight each other to a lake, where David freezes the Hulk in the water and taunts him, trying to get Bruce to release his power. Finally Bruce unleashes the full power of the Hulk, which overwhelms his father and causes him to swell into a huge, unstable form. At the same time, General Ross detonates a gamma bomb on them. David is destroyed, but Bruce survives.

One year later, Bruce is shown working as a doctor in a rainforest. Some soldiers try to steal some medical supplies from the camp, and Bruce confronts them, telling them "Don't make me angry! You wouldn't like me when I'm angry!" as the loud roar of the Hulk can be heard and the screen fades to green.

Cast

  • Eric Bana as Dr. Bruce Banner / Hulk (known legally as Bruce Krenzler throughout the movie): Bana was cast in October 2001, signing for an additional two sequels.[1] Ang Lee felt obliged to cast Bana upon seeing Chopper, and first approached the actor in July 2001.[2] The role was heavily pursued by other actors. Bana was also in heavy contention for Ghost Rider, but lost out to Nicolas Cage.[1] Bana explained, "I was obsessed with the TV show. I was never a huge comic book reader when I was a kid, but was completely obsessed with the television show."[3] It was widely reported Billy Crudup turned down the role. Johnny Depp and Steve Buscemi were reported to be under consideration for the lead.[4] Edward Norton, who went on to play the part in The Incredible Hulk, expressed interest in the role. Norton eventually turned down the part as he was disappointed with the script.[5][6]
  • Mike Erwin as 18-year-old Bruce Banner
  • Michael Kronenberg as 4-year-old Bruce Banner
  • David Kronenberg as 2-year-old Bruce Banner
  • Jennifer Connelly as Betty Ross: Bruce's ex-girlfriend/co-researcher, as well as estranged daughter of General Ross. Betty is possibly the only way for the Hulk to lead back into his transformation of Bruce. Connelly was attracted to the role by way of director Ang Lee. "He's not talking about a guy running around in green tights and a glossy fun-filled movie for kids. He's talking along the lines of tragedy and psychodrama. I find it interesting, the green monster of rage and greed, jealousy and fear in all of us."[7]
  • Sam Elliott as General Thunderbolt Ross: A four-star general and estranged father of Betty and the secondary antagonist. Ross was responsible for prohibiting David Banner from his lab work after learning of his dangerous experiments. Elliot felt his performance was similar to his portrayal of Basil L. Plumley in We Were Soldiers.[8] Elliott accepted the role without reading the script, being simply too excited to work with Ang Lee. In addition Elliot also researched Hulk comic books for the part.[9]
  • Todd Tensen as young Thaddeus Ross
  • Josh Lucas as Major Glenn Talbot: A ruthless former soldier who offers Banner and Betty Ross an opportunity to work for him in an attempt to start an experiment on self-healing soldiers. He is the tertiary antagonist of the film.
  • Nick Nolte as Dr. David "Dave" Banner: The mentally unstable biological father of Bruce Banner who was also a genetics research scientist and had been locked away for several years for causing an explosion in the gamma reactor and accidentally killing his wife, Edith. He is the main antagonist of the film. Paul Kersey portrays the young David Banner in flashbacks. Eventually he gains absorbing powers in the film, reminiscent of the comic book character Absorbing Man, one of the characters that first appeared in the early scripts of the film. He also, at one point, becomes a towering creature composed of electricity, reminiscent of Zzzax, one of the Hulk's enemies in the comic series.[10]
  • Cara Buono as Edith Banner: Bruce's biological mother whom he cannot remember. She is heard, but mostly appears in Bruce's nightmares.
  • Celia Weston as Mrs. Krenzler: Bruce's adoptive mother who cared for him after the death of Edith and David's incarceration.

Hulk co-creator/executive producer Stan Lee and Lou Ferrigno cameo as security guards. Johnny Kastl and Daniel Dae Kim have small roles as soldiers.

Development

Jonathan Hensleigh

Producers Avi Arad and Gale Anne Hurd started the development for Hulk in 1990.[11] Hurd explained the Hulk became her favorite superhero as a child because "When girls are growing up, they're the ones who are picked on. I had an older brother, and there's no way that you could ever really fight back. So, to me, the Hulk was wish fulfillment."[12] By December 1992 Marvel Studios was in discussions with Universal Pictures.[13] Michael France and Stan Lee were invited into Universal's offices in 1994, with France writing the script. Universal's concept was to have the Hulk battle terrorists, an idea France disliked. John Turman, a Hulk comic book fan, was brought to write the script in 1995, getting approval from Lee. Turman wrote ten drafts, being heavily influenced by the Tales to Astonish issues, which pitted the Hulk against General Ross and the military,[14] the Leader, Rick Jones, and the atomic explosion origin from the comics,[15] and Brian Banner as the explanation for Bruce's inner anger. Universal had mixed feelings over Turman's script, but nonetheless future screenwriters used many elements brought by Turman.[14][16]

By late 1996 Hurd's husband Jonathan Hensleigh signed on as producer. Industrial Light & Magic was hired to use computer-generated imagery to create the Hulk. For the second time, France was invited to write the script.[4] By April 1997 Joe Johnston was directing with the film's title as The Incredible Hulk.[17] Universal wanted Hensleigh to write the script since he worked with Johnston on the financially successful Jumanji. France was fired before he wrote a single page, but received money from Universal. However, France still wanted to write the script.[4] Johnston dropped out of directing in July 1997 in favor of October Sky, paving the way for Hensleigh to have his directing debut. Turman was brought back a second time to write two more drafts. Zak Penn then rewrote it.[4][18] His script featured a fight between the Hulk and a school of sharks,[15] as well as two scenes he eventually used for the 2008 film; Banner realizing he is unable to have sex, and triggering a transformation by falling out of a helicopter.[19] Hensleigh rewrote from scratch, coming up with a brand new storyline.[4] In August 1997 Hensleigh completed his script, featuring Bruce Banner, who prior to the accident which will turn him into The Hulk, performs experiments with gamma-irradiated insect DNA on three convicts. This transforms the convicts into "insect men" that cause havoc.[4][20]

Concept art for the antagonists of Jonathan Hensleigh's script

Filming was set to start in December 1997 in Arizona for a mid-1999 release date, but was pushed back to April 1998.[20][21] Hensleigh subsequently rewrote the script with J. J. Abrams. Scott Alexander and Larry Karaszewski were also brought on board to rewrite with Hensleigh still attached as director.[4] In October 1997, Hulk had entered pre-production with the creation of prosthetic makeup and computer animation already under way. Gregory Sporleder was cast as "Novak", Banner's archenemy. Lynn "Red" Williams was cast as a convict who transforms into a combination of human, ant and beetle.[21] In March 1998 Universal put Hulk on hiatus due to its escalating $100 million budget and worries of Hensleigh directing his first film. $20 million was already spent on script development, computer animation, and prosthetics work. Hensleigh immediately went to rewrite the script in order to lower the budget.[22]

Michael France

Hensleigh found the rewriting process to be too difficult and dropped out, and felt he "wasted nine months in pre-production".[23] It took another eight months for France to convince Universal and the producers to let him try to write a script for a third time. France claimed "Someone within the Universal hierarchy wasn't sure if this was a science fiction adventure, or a comedy, and I kept getting directions to write both. I think that at some point when I wasn't in the room, there may have been discussions about turning it into a Jim Carrey or Adam Sandler movie."[4] France was writing the script on fast track from July—September 1999. Filming for Hulk was to start in April 2000.[24][25]

France stated his vision of the film was different from the other drafts, which based Bruce Banner on his "amiable, nerdy genius" incarnation in the 1960s. France cited inspiration from the 1980s Hulk stories which introduced Brian Banner, Bruce's abusive father who killed his mother. His script had Banner trying to create cells with regenerative capabilities in order to prove to himself that he is not like his father.[4] However, he has anger management issues before the Hulk is even created, which makes everything worse. The "Don't make me angry..." line from the TV series was made into dialogue that Banner's father would say before beating his son. Elements such as the "Gammasphere", Banner's tragic romance with Ross, and the black ops made it to the final film. France turned in his final drafts in late 1999-January 2000.[4]

Ang Lee

Michael Tolkin and David Hayter rewrote the script afterwards, despite positive response from the producers over France's script. Tolkin was brought in January 2000, while Hayter was brought in September of that year. Hayter's draft featured The Leader, Zzzax, and the Absorbing Man as the villains, who are depicted as colleagues of Banner and get caught in the same accident that creates the Hulk.[4][10][26] Director Ang Lee and his producing partner James Schamus became involved with the film in January 2001.[27] Lee was dissatisfied with Hayter's script, and commissioned Schamus for a rewrite, merging Banner's father with the Absorbing Man to create a physical antagonist.[4][28] Lee cited influences from King Kong, Frankenstein, Jekyll and Hyde, Beauty and the Beast, Faust, and Greek mythology for his interpretation of the story.[29] Schamus said he had found the storyline that introduced Brian Banner, thus allowing Lee to write a drama that again explored father-son themes.[30]

Schamus was still rewriting the script in October 2001.[1] In early 2002, as filming was underway, Michael France read all the scripts for the Writers Guild of America, to determine who would get final credit. France criticized Schamus and Hayter for claiming they were aiming to make Banner a deeper character, and was saddened they had denigrated his and Turman's work in interviews. Schamus elected to get solo credit. France felt, "James Schamus did a significant amount of work on the screenplay. For example, he brought in the Hulk dogs from the comics and he made the decision to use Banner's father as a real character in the present. But he used quite a lot of elements from John Turman's scripts and quite a lot from mine, and that's why we were credited."[4][31][32] France, Turman and Schamus received final credit. A theatrical release date for June 20, 2003 was announced in December 2002, with the film's title as The Hulk.[33]

Production

Filming

Filming began on March 18, 2002 in Arizona, and moved on April 19 to the San Francisco Bay Area. This included Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley labs, Oakland, Treasure Island military base, and the sequoia forests of Porterville, before several weeks in the Utah and Californian deserts. Filming then moved to the Universal backlot in Los Angeles, using Stage 12 for the water tank scene, before finishing in the first week of August. Filming of Hulk constituted hiring 3,000 local workers, generating over $10 million into the local economy.[34][35][36][37] Mychael Danna, who previously collaborated with Lee on Ride with the Devil and The Ice Storm, was set to compose the film score before dropping out. Danny Elfman was then hired.[38]

Eric Bana commented that the shoot was, "Ridiculously serious... a silent set, morbid in a lot of ways." Lee told him that he was shooting a Greek tragedy: he would be making a "whole other movie" about the Hulk at Industrial Light & Magic. An example of Lee's art house approach to the film was taking Bana to watch a bare-knuckle boxing match.[30] Visual effects supervisor Dennis Muren was on the set every day.[11] One of the many visual images in the film that presented an acting challenge for Bana was a split screen technique employed by Lee to cinematically mimic the panels of a comic book page. This required many more takes of individual scenes than normal.[39] Sound design was completed at Skywalker Sound. Muren and other ILM animators used previous technology from Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets (for the Dobby character) to create the Hulk with computer-generated imagery. Other software used included PowerAnimator, Softimage XSI, and RenderMan Interface Specification. ILM started computer animation work in 2001, and completed in May 2003, just one month before the film's release.[40] Lee provided some motion capture work in post-production.[2]

Release

Marketing

Universal Pictures spent $2.1 million to market the film in a 30-second television spot during Super Bowl XXXVII on January 26, 2003.[41] Just weeks before the film's release, a number of workprints were leaked on the Internet. The visual and special effects were already being criticized, despite the fact that it was not the final editing cut of the film.[42]

Home media

Hulk was released on VHS and DVD on October 28, 2003.[43] The film earned $61.2 million in DVD sales during 2003.[44] Hulk was released on HD DVD format on December 12, 2006 and it was later released on Blu-ray on September 16, 2008.[45] The DVD, when inserted into an Xbox console, included a playable demo of The Hulk Videogame.

Reception

Critical response

Hulk received mixed to positive reviews from film critics. Rotten Tomatoes calculated a 62% approval rating out of 224 reviews.[46] By comparison Metacritic collected an average score of 54 based on 41 reviews.[47] Roger Ebert gave a largely positive review, explaining, "Ang Lee is trying to actually deal with the issues in the story of the Hulk, instead of simply cutting to brainless visual effects." Ebert also liked how the Hulk's movements resembled King Kong.[48] Although Peter Travers of Rolling Stone felt Hulk should have been shorter, he heavily praised the action sequences, especially the climax and cliffhanger.[49] Paul Clinton of CNN believed the cast gave strong performances, but in an otherwise positive review, heavily criticized the computer-generated imagery, calling the Hulk "a ticked-off version of Shrek".[50]

Conversely, Mick LaSalle of the San Francisco Chronicle considered "the film is more thoughtful and pleasing to the eye than any blockbuster in recent memory, but its epic length comes without an epic reward."[51] Ty Burr of The Boston Globe felt "Jennifer Connelly reprises her stand-by-your-messed-up-scientist turn from A Beautiful Mind."[52] Lisa Schwarzbaum of Entertainment Weekly stated, "a big-budget comic-book adaptation has rarely felt so humorless and intellectually defensive about its own pulpy roots."[53]

Box office

Hulk was released on June 20, 2003, earning $62.1 million in its opening weekend, which made it the 16th highest ever opener at the time. With a second weekend drop of 70%, it was the first opener above $20 million to drop over 65%.[54] The film went on to gross $132,177,234 in North America, and $113,183,246 in foreign countries, coming to a worldwide total of $245,360,480.[55] With a final North American gross of $132.2 million it became the largest opener not to earn $150 million.[56]

Accolades

Connelly and Danny Elfman received nominations at the 30th Saturn Awards with Best Actress and Best Music. The film was nominated for Best Science Fiction Film but lost out to X2. Dennis Muren, Michael Lantieri and the special effects crew were nominated for Best Special Effects.[57]

Reboot

Main article: The Incredible Hulk (film)

After the mixed reception of Hulk, Marvel Studios reacquired the rights to the character, and writer Zak Penn began work on a sequel titled The Incredible Hulk. However, Edward Norton rewrote Penn's script after he signed on to star, severing ties with Hulk by retelling the origin story in flashbacks and revelations, which pleased the director Louis Leterrier in establishing the film as a reboot instead of a sequel. [58] Leterrier acknowledged the only remaining similarity between the two films was Bruce hiding in South America. [59]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c Michael Fleming (2001-10-14). "Aussie has bulk for Hulk". Variety. Retrieved 2008-06-02.
  2. ^ a b Rob Worley (2003-06-19). "Countdown to Hulk: Ang Lee's new green destiny". Comic Book Resources. Retrieved 2008-06-17.
  3. ^ "Bana was TV Hulk Fan". Sci Fi Wire. 2001-12-27. Archived from the original on 2008-04-01. Retrieved 2010-04-27.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m David Hughes (2003). Comic Book Movies. London: Virgin Books. pp. 261–269. ISBN 0-7535-0767-6.
  5. ^ Edward Douglas (2007-04-16). "Zak Penn on Norton as Hulk!". Superhero Hype!. Retrieved 2008-06-02.
  6. ^ "Edward Norton talks Incredible Hulk". Total Film. 2008-03-07. Retrieved 2010-04-27.
  7. ^ "Connelly Embraces The Hulk". Sci Fi Wire. 2001-12-10. Archived from the original on 2008-02-14. Retrieved 2010-04-27.
  8. ^ Rob Worley (2002-02-28). "Elliott Talks Hulk". Comics2Film. Retrieved 2010-04-27.
  9. ^ Rob Worley (2003-06-11). "Countdown to Hulk: Sam Elliott: Hulkbuster". Comic Book Resources. Retrieved 2008-06-17.
  10. ^ a b KJB. "David Hater Talks Hulk". IGN. Retrieved 2008-06-11.
  11. ^ a b Rob Worley (2002-08-06). "Comic-Con: Hulk, Hulk, Hulk!". Comics2Film. Retrieved 2010-04-27.
  12. ^ Larry Carroll (2008-10-24). "'Incredible Hulk' Producer Wants To Make A Sequel, Which Could Include Edward Norton". MTV. Retrieved 2008-10-24.
  13. ^ "Marvel Characters holding attraction for filmmakers". Variety. 1992-12-12. Retrieved 2008-06-01.
  14. ^ a b Rob Worley (2003-05-30). "Countdown to Hulk: Screenwriter John Turman talks about a fan's dream job". Comic Book Resources. Retrieved 2008-06-13.
  15. ^ a b Harry Knowles (1997-11-10). "Make John Turman or Zack Penn's Hulk Drafts, not Hensleigh's!!!!!!". Ain't It Cool News. Retrieved 2008-03-07.
  16. ^ Rob Worley (2003-06-01). "Countdown to Hulk: Screenwriter John Turman talks about Hulk and other heroes". Comic Book Resources. Retrieved 2008-06-14.
  17. ^ Michael Fleming (1997-04-14). "A Mania For Marvel". Variety. Retrieved 2008-06-01.
  18. ^ Michael Fleming (1997-07-08). "Hoop duo go hip-hop". Variety. Retrieved 2008-06-01.
  19. ^ Anne Thompson (2008-06-13). "Incredible Hulk: Setting the Record Straight". Variety. Retrieved 2008-10-24. [dead link]
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  24. ^ Michael Fleming (1999-07-13). "Marvel takes cue from its superheroes". Variety. Retrieved 2008-06-01.
  25. ^ Michael Fleming (1999-09-02). "Stewart goes boldly; renewed U fills its slate". Variety. Retrieved 2008-06-01.
  26. ^ Dayna Van Buskirk. "Feature Article: The Lost Hulk: David Hayter's Draft". UGO Networks. Archived from the original on 2008-06-02. Retrieved 2010-04-27.
  27. ^ Cathy Dunkley (2001-01-12). "From Tiger to U's Hulk for helmer". Variety. Retrieved 2008-06-02.
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  29. ^ Scott B (2003-06-17). "An Interview with Ang Lee". IGN. Retrieved 2007-04-16.
  30. ^ a b Adam Smith (2003-05-30). "The Beast Within". Empire. pp. 66–77.
  31. ^ Rob Worley (2003-06-17). "Countdown to 'Hulk': Screenwriter Michael France talks Hulk, Punisher and Beyond". Comic Book Resources. Retrieved 2008-06-17.
  32. ^ Rob Worley (2003-06-05). "Countdown to Hulk: Producers Avi Arad and Gale Anne Hurd talk". Comic Book Resources. Retrieved 2008-06-13.
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  34. ^ Rob Worley (2002-04-16). "Berkeley Workers Make Way For The Hulk". Comics2Film. Retrieved 2010-04-27.
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  37. ^ Kevin Leung (2002-04-26). "Hulk Smashes San Fran!". Comics2Film. Retrieved 2010-04-27.
  38. ^ Rob Worley (2003-04-03). "Comics2Film Wrap for April 3rd, 2003". Comic Book Resources. Retrieved 2008-06-12.
  39. ^ Scott B (2003-06-19). "An Interview With Eric Bana". IGN. Retrieved 2008-06-10.
  40. ^ Rob Worley (2003-06-09). "Countdown to Hulk: Dennis Muren animates the big, green leading man". Comic Book Resources. Retrieved 2008-06-17.
  41. ^ Brian Linder (2003-01-24). "Super Bowl Shuffle". IGN. Retrieved 2008-06-11.
  42. ^ Rob Worley (2003-06-11). "Criminal Macabre, Transformers, Hulk and Spider-Man: Comics2Film wrap for June 11, 2003". Comic Book Resources. Retrieved 2008-06-14.
  43. ^ Jennifer Netherby (2003-09-01). "Jolly green giant" (Fee required). Video Business. HighBeam Research. Retrieved 2010-04-27.
  44. ^ "DVD Sales Chart 2003". Lee's Movie Info. 2005-04-19. Retrieved 2010-04-27.
  45. ^ Liebman, Martin (September 30, 2008). "Hulk Blu-ray Review". Blu-ray.com. Retrieved 2009-09-28.
  46. ^ "Hulk (2003)". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved 2010-04-27.
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  50. ^ Paul Clinton (2003-06-20). "Hulk not quite all there". CNN. Retrieved 2011-03-10.
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  52. ^ Ty Burr (2003-06-29). "This not-so-incredible Hulk takes simple joys to serious extremes". The Boston Globe. Retrieved 2008-06-05.
  53. ^ Lisa Schwarzbaum (2003-06-20). "The Hulk (2003)". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved 2008-06-06.
  54. ^ "Biggest Second Weekend Drops at the Box Office". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved 2007-03-13.
  55. ^ "Hulk (2003)". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved 2008-06-02.
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  57. ^ "The 30th Annual Saturn Awards Nominations". Saturn Awards. Archived from the original on 2004-10-09. Retrieved 2010-04-27.
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