C Line (Los Angeles Metro)

Metro Green Line
Metro Green Line train at Redondo Beach Station.
Overview
Owner	Metro Rail
Transit type	Light rail
Line number	803
Number of stations	14
Daily ridership	41,023 (April 2014; avg. weekday)
Website	Green Line
Operation
Began operation	August 12, 1995 (August 12, 1995)
Operator(s)	Metro (LACMTA)
Character	Predominantly elevated and fully grade-separated, mostly in freeway median.
Number of vehicles	Siemens P2000
Train length	1–2 cars
Technical
System length	20.0 mi (32.2 km)
No. of tracks	2
Track gauge	4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) (standard gauge)
Electrification	750 V DC overhead catenary
System map

The Green Line is a 20-mile (32 km) light rail line running between Redondo Beach and Norwalk within Los Angeles County; it is one of five lines forming the Los Angeles County Metro Rail system. The line opened on August 11, 1995. It became the third line in the Los Angeles County Metro Rail system after the opening of the Blue Line and Red Line. The line was delayed due to a change of the line's route from Los Angeles International Airport to El Segundo. In addition to Redondo Beach and Norwalk, the route also serves El Segundo, Hawthorne, South Los Angeles, Lynwood, Downey, and Willowbrook (in South Los Angeles). It serves the Plaza Mexico shopping center at the Long Beach Boulevard station in the city of Lynwood. A free shuttle bus to Los Angeles International Airport (LAX) is available at the line's Aviation/LAX Station. The line is unique because it is a suburb-to-suburb service and does not service downtown Los Angeles.

The future South Bay Green Line extension would extend the Metro Green Line from Redondo Beach Station to Torrance.

The fully grade-separated route runs partly in the median of the Century Freeway (Interstate 105) with a mostly elevated section to the west. The line is operated and maintained by the Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority. The Green Line is internally known as Line 803: this designation appears on internal operating schedules, as well as in the hyperlink on Metro's timetable website. The Green Line is the fastest light rail line (excluding the Red Line and the Purple Line) in the Metro light rail network. Green Line trains typically operate at 50–60 mph on the I-105 freeway portion and around 40 mph on the elevated portion west of Aviation/LAX Station. When the Green Line began service in 1995, it operated with only one-car trains. As ridership increased, two-car trains were then used. Ridership on the Green Line has not been as high as the Blue Line, although it did have a higher ridership than the Gold Line until 2013. Additionally, the Green Line runs with one-car trains in the early mornings (3:35 A.M.–5:30 A.M.) and late evenings (9:00P.M.–12:55 A.M.) on weekdays, and on weekends. Although nearly all of the Green Line stations were built to accommodate three rail cars, it has never had that many. The stations west of Aviation/LAX Station were not built to accommodate three-car trains. It is possible that the Green Line may eventually use three-car trains when the Crenshaw/LAX Line light rail line is complete.

Interior of a Metro Green Line Siemens P2000 Train.

Metro Green Line Yard- Division 22 (Hawthorne). The Green Line has the smallest rail yard of all the Metro Rail Lines.

Metro Green Line train departing Harbor Freeway Station.

The Harbor Freeway Station is a transfer point to the Metro Silver Line, a bus rapid transit line which serves as an alternative to the Metro Blue Line.

Eastbound Metro Green Line train to Norwalk Station arrives at Lakewood Station.

El Segundo Metro Green Line Station in the city of El Segundo.

Service description

Route

The entire route of the Green Line is elevated, either on track supports, or in the median of the Century Freeway (Interstate 105). The line begins in the west at Template:LA Metro station station, then heads roughly north through El Segundo. At Template:LA Metro station, passengers can transfer to any one of several bus lines from different operators, particularly the shuttle bus to LAX. From here, the Green Line heads east in the median of the Century Freeway, with connection to the Metro Silver Line rapid transit at the Harbor Freeway Station. It then continues to a major transfer connection at the Willowbrook Station (transfer point to the Metro Blue Line). Finally, the line terminates in the city of Norwalk, just east of the 605 Freeway.

Hours of operation

Metro Green Line trains run between approximately 3:36 a.m. and 11:55 p.m. daily. Service on Friday and Saturday nights continues until approximately 2:15 a.m. First and last train times are as follows:

To Norwalk Station

Eastbound

• First Train to Norwalk from Willowbrook Station: 3:36 a.m.
• First Train to Norwalk from Douglas Station: 3:53 a.m.
• First Train to Norwalk from Redondo Beach Station: 4:20 a.m.
• Last Train to Norwalk: 11:55 p.m. (2:04 a.m. Friday and Saturday nights)

To Redondo Beach Station

Westbound

• First Train to Redondo Beach Station: 4:01 a.m.
• Last Train to Redondo Beach Station: 12:55 a.m. (2:15 a.m. Friday and Saturday nights))

Headways

Trains on the Green Line operate every seven to eight minutes during peak hours Monday through Friday. They operate every 15 minutes during the midday and all day on the weekends, with night service running every 20 minutes.

History

As part of the consent decree signed by Caltrans in 1972 to allow construction of the fiercely opposed Century Freeway, provisions were made for a transit corridor (without designating the type thereof) in the freeway's median. In the original Metro Rail master plan of the early 1980s, this corridor was designated as a light rail line.

Construction on the Green Line began in 1987. One of the reasons for construction was that the Green Line would serve the aerospace and defense industries in the El Segundo area. Construction of the line cost $718 million. By the time the Green Line opened in 1995, the Cold War was over, and the aerospace sector was hemorrhaging jobs. Furthermore, during the 1980s, the bedroom communities in the Gateway Cities region of southeastern Los Angeles County were rapidly losing their population of middle-class aerospace workers (primarily whites and blacks), a process that radically accelerated in the early 1990s. The working-class and poor Hispanics who filled the vacuum generally had no connection to the aerospace sector. This rationale for Green Line construction was a principal argument cited by the Bus Riders Union when it contended that the MTA was focusing its efforts on serving middle-class whites and not working-class minorities. As a result, ridership has been below projected estimates, averaging approximately 44,000 daily weekday boardings in June 2008.

At the time the Green Line opened, the line used rolling stock made by Nippon Sharyo similar to that used on the Metro Blue Line. In 2000, the Nippon Sharyo railcars were transferred to the Blue Line and the Green Line received new railcars made by Siemens.

The Green Line's western alignment was originally planned and partially constructed to connect with LAX, but the airport was planning a major remodeling during the line's construction. Los Angeles World Airports wanted the connection to LAX to be integrated with this construction, but there were concerns that the overhead lines of the rail would interfere with the landing paths of airplanes. In addition, citizens of neighboring communities to LAX opposed the expansion of the airport, and owners of parking lots surrounding LAX feared that a train operating to LAX would create competition, since there is ample free parking at numerous points along the Green Line. As a compromise, a free shuttle from Aviation/LAX Station transports riders to LAX terminals. Today, passengers on the Green Line can see the provision for the LAX extension—two concrete ramp stubs west of the Aviation/LAX station.

The Green Line's eastern terminus also suffers from the fact that it stops two miles (3 km) short of the heavily used Norwalk/Santa Fe Springs Metrolink station, where several Metrolink lines operate. Local bus service is provided between the Metrolink station and the Green Line terminus, but schedules are not coordinated with Green Line arrivals. Because of this, and the Green Line's re-routed western alignment away from LAX, critics have labeled the Green Line as a train that goes "from nowhere to nowhere." The Green Line is the only Metro rail line not to serve Downtown Los Angeles. Transfers to the Blue Line can be made at the Willowbrook Station by downtown-bound riders.

In 2007, the Green Line began placing advertisement banners on the sides of trains, similar to those on the Gold Line. The advertisement banners briefly ceased before returning in April 2009.

During September 2012, the automated voice speaker of the trains was updated to reflect the station name changes of Vermont/Athens Station and Willowbrook Station. In addition, the voice speaker now includes the connection to the Silver Line at Harbor Freeway Station. Before this, riders were not verbally notified that the Green Line connects with the Silver Line at Harbor Freeway Station.

Future extensions

Various studies have suggested extending the Green Line north to LAX, Westchester, Loyola Marymount University, and even Santa Monica. A possible southern extension could take the Green Line's southern terminus farther southeast, to the South Bay Galleria or beyond. And on the line's east end, the line may one day be extended from its current terminus at Norwalk station to Norwalk/Santa Fe Springs station.

Northern Extension to LAX

Main article: Crenshaw/LAX Line

Map showing the future Northern Extension to LAX.

When the Crenshaw/LAX Line is completed, the Metro Green Line will begin a new operational pattern near LAX, with northern and southern branches. The southern branch will operate as the Green Line currently does: westbound trains will continue through El Segundo, South to Redondo Beach. The northern branch will allow westbound trains to travel North along Aviation and terminate at Aviation/Century station, allowing transfers to the Crenshaw Line or the LAX Metro Connector (which will transport riders to LAX terminals).

Southern Extension to South Bay

Metro is currently working on the initial environmental study of a corridor extension of the Green Line, from its Redondo terminus toward the southeast. The "South Bay Metro Green Line Extension" would roughly follow the Harbor Subdivision ROW into the South Bay, to the Torrance Regional Transit Center (RTC). Metro and the public are considering two alternatives in the DEIR: an elevated light-rail extension, and an at-grade extension over existing tracks, with vehicle type still to be determined.

Study of the South Bay Extension will lead to publication of a Draft Environmental Impact Report (DEIR). The study is expected to be completed in 2011. The project is prioritized in the Long Range Transportation Plan (LRTP) and has funding in Measure R.

Metro Green Line train departing Vermont Station in the morning.

El Segundo Metro Green Line Station in the city of El Segundo.

Station listing

The Green Line consists of the following 14 stations (from west to east):

Station	Station Connections	Date Opened	Station Parking	City/ Neighborhood
Redondo Beach	Metro Local: 126, 215 Beach Cities Transit 102 LADOT Commuter Express: 574 Lawndale Beat Express, Residential Routes	August 12, 1995	403 Spaces	Redondo Beach
Douglas	Metro Local: 125 Amtrak California Thruway Motorcoach: Route 1C Beach Cities Transit: 109 (northbound only)	August 12, 1995	30 Spaces	El Segundo
El Segundo	Gardena Transit: 5 LADOT Commuter Express: 574 Municipal Area Express: 2, 3, 3X Torrance Transit: 8 (Southbound)	August 12, 1995	90 Spaces
Mariposa	Metro Local: 232 Torrance Transit: 8 (Southbound)	August 12, 1995	No parking
Aviation/LAX	Metro Local: 40 Owl, 120, 625 LAX Shuttle: Route G (serves LAX Terminals 1-8 and the Tom Bradley International Terminal) Santa Monica Transit: 3, Rapid 3 Culver City Transit: 6, Rapid 6 Beach Cities Transit: 109 Municipal Area Express: 2, 3, 3X	August 12, 1995	405 Spaces
Hawthorne/Lennox	Metro Local: 40, 126, 212, 312 Metro Express: 442 Metro Rapid: 740	August 12, 1995	623 Spaces	Hawthorne
Crenshaw	Metro Local: 126, 207 (Weekdays selected Rush Hour AM/PM trips, & Weekends Only), 210 Metro Rapid: 710, 757 Torrance Transit: 5, 10	August 12, 1995	513 Spaces
Vermont/Athens	Metro Local: 204, 206, 209 Metro Rapid: 754 Gardena Transit:2	August 12, 1995	155 Spaces	Athens
Harbor Freeway	Metro Silver Line  Metro Local: 45, 81, 120 Metro Express: 450 (Weekdays Rush Hour AM/PM trips, & Sundays Only), 550 Metro Rapid: 745 LADOT Commuter Express: 448 Orange County Transportation Authority: 721 Gardena Transit: 1X Torrance Transit: 1, 2, 4	August 12, 1995	253 Spaces	South Los Angeles
Avalon	Metro Local: 48, 51, 52, 53, 352 LADOT DASH: Watts Willowbrook Shuttle	August 12, 1995	158 Spaces
Willowbrook	Metro Blue Line  Metro Local: 55, 120, 205, 355, 612 Gardena Transit: 5 LADOT DASH: Watts Lynwood Breeze Route D Willowbrook Shuttle: A, B, King Medical Center	August 12, 1995	975 Spaces	Willowbrook
Long Beach Boulevard	Metro Local: 60, 251 Metro Rapid: 760 Lynwood Trolley: A	August 12, 1995	650 Spaces	Lynwood
Lakewood Boulevard	Metro Local: 117, 265, 266	August 12, 1995	545 Spaces	Downey
Norwalk	Metro Local: 111, 115, 120, 125, 270, 311 Metro Express: 460, 577X Norwalk Transit: 2, 4, 5 Long Beach Transit: 172, 173	August 12, 1995	2050 Spaces	Norwalk

Operations

Maintenance facilities

The Green Line is operated out of the Division 22 Yard (Aviation Street Yard). This yard stores the fleet used on the Green line. It is also where light maintenance is done on the fleet (Heavier maintenance is done at the Blue Line yard in Long Beach). The Yard is located between Redondo Beach and Douglas stations. Trains enter the yard via a junction halfway between the two stations. Douglas bound trains (Northbound) may enter but there is no exit track to continue North. Redondo Beach bound trains (Southbound) may enter and exit the Yard to continue south.

Rolling stock

At the time the Green Line opened, the line used rolling stock made by Nippon Sharyo similar to those used on the Metro Blue Line. In 2000, the Nippon Sharyo railcars were transferred to the Blue Line, and the Green Line received new Siemens P2000 railcars which have been operating on the Green Line ever since.

Incidents

The Green Line has never been involved in an accident since it began operation in 1995. This is in part because it runs completely on its own dedicated right of way, and does not intersect any streets, which is unique among Metro light rail lines. The tracks are separated from the freeway lanes by concrete barriers and fences on the entire portion of the I-105 freeway.

Photo Gallery

• 
  Mariposa Station information stands.
• 
  Metro Green Line route map on a Siemens P2000 train.
• 
  Metro Green Line train heading to Redondo Beach Station arriving at Douglas Station.
• 
  Redondo Beach Station is currently the western terminus of the Metro Green Line.

External links

• MTA Home Page
• Green Line Home Page
• Green Line connections overview
• Green Line schedule