List of American Civil War generals (Confederate)

Confederate States Army generals

The Confederate and United States processes for appointment, nomination and confirmation of general officers were essentially the same. The War Departments usually made the initial appointments, which required acceptance by the officer with an oath of allegiance. Since the appointments were usually preceded by endorsement by the General-in-Chief or Commander-in-Chief or both, the Presidents would have approved of the appointment and would go on to nominate the officer to the appointed grade, rather than revoke the appointment. The military laws of the United States required that a person be nominated as a general officer by the President and be confirmed by the Senate and that his commission be signed and sealed by the President. On a few occasions, despite legal interpretations that would preclude posthumous confirmation of appointments or delivery of commissions, the U.S. Senate and the Confederate Senate confirmed appointments for officers known to be dead and did not recall or revoke a few other confirmed appointments for officers who had recently died or died before they received their commissions. In either case, the officer should not have been considered or listed as a duly commissioned general.

Although not as prevalent as in the Union Army, some dates of rank in the Confederate Army were before the date of appointment or commission. Under an Act of September 1, 1861, the Confederate Congress permitted Confederate President Jefferson Davis to make recess appointments and nominations subject to Confederate Senate confirmation during the next term. Confederate Senate confirmation of general officer appointments was usually prompt early in the war but often was delayed in the last two years of the war.

No brevet appointments were made to the Confederate States Army but twenty acting or temporary general officers were authorized by and appointed under Confederate States law. At least one State militia (Virginia) had at least one brevet general (Francis Henney Smith).

Abbreviations and notes:

Rank column: conf. = date appointment confirmed by Confederate Senate; nom. = date nominated by Confederate President Jefferson Davis; rank = date of rank.
Date, place of death: Place of burial included if different from place of death.
College: USMA = United States Military Academy at West Point, New York; "VMI" refers to the Virginia Military Institute at Lexington, Virginia. Year is year of graduation; if no year, source gave no year of graduation. Name of school at the time is given; successor school is in parenthesis.
Additional notes: ranks: pvt. - private; cpl. = corporal; ser. = sergeant; lt. = lieutenant; capt. = captain; maj. = major; lt. col. = lieutenant colonel; col. = colonel; brig. gen. = brigadier general; maj. gen. = major general; lt. gen. = lieutenant general; gen. = (full) general; AG = AG; AAG = AAG; AIG = AIG; COMM = Commissary; IG = IG; JAG = Judge advocate general; PM = PM; QM = QM.
Additional notes, other war service: Ind. Wars = Indian Wars veteran. Sem. War = Florida War or Seminole Wars veteran. Mex-Am War = Mexican-American War veteran. U.S.A. = U.S. Army.

Confederate States Army generals:

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

I

J

K

L

M

N

O

P

Q

R

S

T

U

V

W

X

Y

Z

Assigned to duty by E. Kirby Smith

Incomplete appointments

State militia generals

A

Name	Rank	Notes
Adams, Daniel Weisiger	Brigadier General rank, nom: May 23, 1862 conf: September 30, 1862	Mississippi state senator, 1852–1856. 1st Louisiana Infantry: Lt. Col., March 13, 1861, Col., October 30, 1861. Lost right eye at Shiloh. Wounded: Perryville, Stones River (Murfreesboro). *Wounded and captured at Chickamauga, exchanged 1864.^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6]
Adams, John	Brigadier General rank: December 29, 1862 nom: January 9, 1863 re-nom: May 23, 1863 conf: February 17, 1864	USMA, 1846. Mexican-American War. Resigned as Capt., U.S. Army, May 31, 1861. Appointed capt. of cavalry in command at Memphis, August 27, 1861. Col., May 1862. *Killed: Battle of Franklin, aged 39.
Adams, William Wirt	Brigadier General rank: September 25, 1863 nom: September 28, 1863 conf: January 25, 1864	Army of Republic of Texas veteran. Mississippi legislator, 1858, 1860. *1st Mississippi Cavalry: Col., October 16, 1861.
Alexander, Edward Porter	Brigadier General (Artillery) rank: February 26, 1864 nom: March 1, 1864 conf: May 28, 1864 (Artillery) conf: June 10, 1864.	USMA, 1857. Resigned as 2d Lt., U.S. Army, May 1, 1861. Capt., then Maj., July 1, 1861, engineers. Chief of ordnance, Army of Northern Virginia; Chief of Artillery, Longstreet's Corps. *Wounded at Gettysburg, Petersburg.
Allen, Henry Watkins	Brigadier General rank, nom: August 19, 1863 conf: January 25, 1864	Texas War of Independence veteran. Louisiana legislator. 4th Louisiana Infantry: Pvt., April 1861, Lt. Col., May 20, 1861, Col., March 21, 1862. Wounded at Shiloh; leg shattered at Baton Rouge (1862). Resigned as Brig. Gen., January 10, 1864. Governor of Louisiana, January 25, 1864–June 2, 1865.
Allen, William W.	Brigadier General (special) rank: February 26, 1864 nom: March 1, 1864 conf: June 9, 1864	1st Lt., Montgomery Mounted Rifles, April 1861. 1st Alabama Cavalry: Maj., December 11, 1861, Col., July 11, 1862. Wounded at Perryville, Stones River and Waynesboro, Georgia. Appointed Maj. Gen. (temporary rank), March 4, 1865 but Senate did not act on nomination.
Anderson, George Burgwyn	Brigadier General rank, nom: June 9, 1862 conf: September 30, 1862.	USMA, 1852 Resigned as 1st Lt., U.S. Army, April 25, 1861. 4th North Carolina Infantry: Col., July 16, 1861. Wounded at Malvern Hill. Mortally wounded at Antietam (Sharpsburg, Maryland), September 17, 1862. Died October 16, 1862, Raleigh, North Carolina, aged 31.
Anderson, George T. "Tige"	Brigadier General rank, nom: November 1, 1862 conf. April 22, 1863	Mexican-American War. Returned to U.S. Army as Capt., May 3, 1855, 1st U.S. Cavalry Resigned as Capt., U.S. Army, June 11, 1858. 11th Georgia Infantry: Col., July 2, 1861. *Severely wounded at Gettysburg.
Anderson, James Patton	Brigadier General rank, nom: February 10, 1862 conf: April 22, 1863 Major General nom: February 11, 1864 rank, conf: February 17, 1864	Doctor, lawyer, Mississippi legislator, Washington Territory marshal, delegate to U.S. Congress. Mexican-American War: Lt. Col., Mississippi militia. 1st Florida Infantry: Col., April 1, 1861 Severely wounded at Jonesboro, Georgia.
Anderson, Joseph R.	Brigadier General rank, nom: September 3, 1861 conf: December 13, 1861	USMA, 1836. Resigned as 2d Lt., U.S. Army, July 1, 1837. Superintendent, Tredegar Iron Works, Richmond, Virginia, 1841–1865. Virginia legislator. Maj., 6th Infantry Battalion, Local Defense troops, May 1861. Maj. Artillery, August 27, 1861. North Carolina Local Defenses until April 19, 1862. Wounded in forehead at Glendale. *Resigned as Brig. Gen. on July 19, 1862 to resume control of Tredegar Iron Works.
Anderson, Richard Heron "Fighting Dick"	Brigadier General rank, nom: July 18, 1861 conf: August 28, 1861 Major General rank, nom: July 14, 1862 conf: September 27, 1862 Lieutenant General (temporary) rank, nom: May 31, 1864 conf: June 1, 1864	USMA, 1842. Mexican-American War. Resigned as Capt., U.S. Army, March 3, 1861. Wounded at Antietam. Promoted to Lt. Gen. with temporary rank after Lt. Gen. James Longstreet wounded at the Wilderness. Reverted to Maj. Gen. on Longstreet's return to duty.
Anderson, Robert H.	Brigadier General (temporary) rank, nom: July 26, 1864 conf: February 20, 1865	USMA, 1857. Resigned as 2d Lt., U.S. Army, May 17, 1861. Special asst. to W.H.T. Walker, June 1861. 5th Georgia Cavalry: Col., January 20, 1863. *Wounded at Newnan, Georgia; Griswoldville, Georgia; Fayetteville, North Carolina.
Anderson, Samuel Read	Brigadier General rank, nom: July 9, 1861 conf: August 18, 1861 rank: November 7, 1864 nom: November 15, 1864 conf: November 19, 1864	Mexican-American War. Maj. Gen., Tennessee militia, May 9, 1861, aged 57. Resigned as Brig. Gen., Spring 1862, due to ill health. Brig. Gen. to rank from November 7, 1864 to head Tennessee conscription bureau.
Archer, James J.	Brigadier General rank, nom: June 3, 1862 conf: September 30, 1862	Mexican-American War. Returned to U.S. Army in 1855. Resigned as Capt., U.S. Army, May 14, 1861. 5th Texas Infantry: Col., October 2, 1861. Wounded and captured on July 1, 1863 at Gettysburg. Confined for over a year, exchanged August 3, 1864, health shattered. Brief return to duty, summer 1864. Died of pneumonia, October 24, 1864, Richmond, Virginia, aged 46.
Armistead, Lewis Addison "Lo"	Brigadier General nom: March 29, 1862 rank, conf: April 1, 1862	Dismissed from USMA but nonetheless appointed to U.S. Army in 1839. Mexican-American War (wounded). Resigned as Capt., U.S. Army, May 6, 1861. 57th Virginia Infantry: Col., September 25, 1861. Commanded a brigade in division of Maj. Gen. George Pickett. Wounded at Antietam. Mortally wounded during Pickett's Charge, Gettysburg, July 3, 1863. Armistead and small group reached Union Army line. *Died at a Union Army field hospital, July 5, 1863.
Armstrong, Frank Crawford	Brigadier General rank: January 20, 1863 nom: January 23, 1863 conf: April 23, 1863	Fought with Union Army at Battle of First Bull Run. Resigned from Union Army on August 13, 1861 and joined Confederate Army. *Original appointment as Brig. Gen. by Maj. Gen. Earl Van Dorn rescinded by order of President Davis.
Ashby, Turner	Colonel Brigadier General May 23, 1862 unconfirmed at death	7th Virginia Cavalry: Capt., April 18, 1861, Lt. Col., June 25, 1861, Col., March 12, 1862. In charge of all cavalry in Jackson's Valley Campaign of 1862. *Killed fighting a rear guard action against Union Army pursuing Stonewall Jackson's forces at Good's Farm, near Harrisonburg, Virginia, June 6, 1862, aged 33.

B

Name	Rank	Notes
Baker, Alpheus	Brigadier General rank: March 5, 1864 nom: March 7, 1864 conf: May 11, 1864	7th Alabama Infantry: Pvt., 1861, soon Capt., 1861, Lt. Col., January 2, 1862. 54th Alabama Infantry: Col., January 28, 1862. Captured at Island #10, exchanged September 1862. Severely wounded at Battle of Baker's Creek. *Wounded at Ezra Church.
Baker, Laurence S.	Brigadier General rank: July 23, 1863 nom: July 30, 1863 conf: February 16, 1864	USMA, 1851 Resigned as 1st Lt., U.S. Army, May 10, 1861. 1st North Carolina Cavalry: Lt. Col., May 8, 1861, Col., March 1, 1862. Wounded at Gettysburg, Brandy Station and in North Carolina, 1864. *Died April 10, 1907.
Baldwin, William Edwin	Brigadier General rank: September 19, 1862 nom: September 26, 1862 conf: October 3, 1862	Lt. of militia company for 12 years. 14th Mississippi Inf.: Capt., May 2, 1861, Col., May 1861. Captured at Fort Donelson, prisoner until August 1862. Wounded, captured at Vicksburg; Exchanged October 13, 1863. Assigned to District of Mobile, Alabama. Died after fall from a horse due to a broken stirrup, February 19, 1864, near Dog River Factory, Alabama.
Barksdale, William	Brigadier General rank, nom: August 12, 1862 conf: September 30, 1862	Mexican-American War. U.S. Representative from Mississippi, 1852–1861. Assisted Preston Brooks in assault on Charles Sumner. Quartermaster general of Mississippi. 13th Mississippi Infantry: Col, May 14, 1861. Commanded regiment at Battle of First Bull Run (First Manassas). Brigade delayed Union Army crossing of Rappahannock River before Fredericksburg. Mortally wounded during assaults on Little Round Top on second day at Gettysburg, July 2, 1863. *Died July 3, 1863.
Barringer, Rufus	Brigadier General nom: May 30, 1864 rank, conf: June 1, 1864	North Carolina legislator elected in 1848, 1850. 1st North Carolina Cavalry: still Capt. at Gettysburg, Maj., August 28, 1863, Lt. Col., October 17, 1863. Led a brigade in the Overland Campaign and Siege of Petersburg. Captured at Namozine Church, April 3, 1865; met Pres. Lincoln at City Point.
Barry, John D.	Colonel Brigadier General appointed August 2, 1864 unconfirmed canceled a few days later	Pvt., June 15, 1861, North Carolina militia. 18th North Carolina Infantry: Pvt., November 14, 1861, Capt., April 1862, Maj., November 11, 1862, Col., May 3, 1863. Wounded 4 times. Regiment in Pickett's Charge at Gettysburg. Appointed Brig. Gen., August 2, 1864, when Brig. Gen. J. H. Lane wounded at Cold Harbor. Lane returned in a few days, Barry was wounded and disabled and his appointment canceled. *Died March 24, 1867, Wilmington, North Carolina, aged 27.
Barton, Seth M.	Brigadier General rank: March 11, 1862 nom: March 14, 1862 conf: March 18, 1862	USMA, 1849 Resigned as Capt., U.S. Army, June 10, 1861. 3rd Arkansas Infantry: Lt. Col., July 8, 1861. Engineer for Stonewall Jackson in winter 1861–1862. Captured in Vicksburg Campaign, paroled and exchanged, July 13, 1863. In command of Brig. Gen. Armistead's brigade after Armistead was killed at Gettysburg. Bravery unquestioned; criticized by Pickett, at New Bern, and Ransom, at Drewry's Bluff; relieved of command. Assigned a brigade in the Richmond defenses. *Taken prisoner at Sayler's Creek.
Bate, William Brimage	Brigadier General nom: September 26, 1862 rank, conf: October 3, 1862 Major General rank: February 23, 1864 nom: March 5, 1864 conf: May 11, 1864	Mexican-American War. Tennessee State legislator in 1860. 2d Tennessee Infantry: Col., April 27, 1861. Severely wounded at the Battle of Shiloh. Wounded 3 times. Governor of Tennessee, January 15, 1883–January 17, 1887. U.S. Senator, March 4, 1887–March 9, 1905. Died March 9, 1905, Washington, D.C.
Battle, Cullen A.	Brigadier General rank: August 20, 1863 nom: August 25, 1863 conf: February 17, 1864	3rd Alabama Infantry: Maj., April 28, 1861, Lt. Col., July 31, 1861, Col., May 31, 1862. Severely injured by a horse falling on him before Chancellorsville. Badly wounded and incapacitated for further field service at Cedar Creek. No evidence of his promotion to major general. U.S. Congress refused to recognize his election in 1868. Died April 8, 1905.
Beale, Richard Lee Turberville	Brigadier General rank: January 6, 1865 nom: January 7, 1865 conf: January 13, 1865	U.S. Representative, March 4, 1847–March 3, 1849. State senator, 1855–1860. 9th Virginia Cavalry: 1st Lt., April 1861, Capt., July 1861, Maj., October 1861, Lt. Col., April 1862, Col., September 15, 1862. Command of brigade under Maj. Gen. W.H.F. Lee, Fall 1864. Wounded 3 times. U.S. Representative, January 23, 1879–March 3, 1881.
Beall, William N.R.	Brigadier General rank: April 11, 1862 nom: April 12, 1862 conf: April 17, 1862	USMA, 1848. Resigned as Capt., U.S. Army, August 20, 1861. In Arkansas with Maj. Gen. Van Dorn. Surrendered, captured at Port Hudson. Paroled in 1864 to act as a Confederate agent to supply Confederate prisoners of war with proceeds of cotton sales permitted to come through the federal blockade to New York City. Released August 2, 1865.
Beauregard, Pierre G.T. "Bory" "The Little Napoleon"	Brigadier General rank, nom, conf: March 1, 1861 General (PACS) rank, nom: July 21, 1861 conf: July 30, 1861 General (ACSA) rank: July 21, 1861 nom; conf: August 31, 1861	USMA, 1838. Mexican-American War (wounded). Resigned as Capt., U.S. Army, February 20, 1861. Commanded Confederate troops at Fort Sumter, First Bull Run and Shiloh after Gen. Albert Sidney Johnston was killed. Abandoned Corinth, Mississippi to large Union force. Defended Charleston, South Carolina in 1863 and 1864. Discerned, blocked U.S. Grant's move against Petersburg at end of Overland Campaign so Lee could catch up. Served with Gen. Joseph Johnston, closing weeks of war. Received Thanks of Confederate Congress four times. Post-war president of two railroads, supervisor of Louisiana lottery, and AG of Louisiana.
Bee, Barnard E. Jr.	Brigadier General rank: June 17, 1861 nom: June 17, 1861 conf: August 28, 1861 posthumous	USMA, 1845. Mexican-American War (wounded). Brother of Brig. Gen. Hamilton Bee. Resigned as Capt., U.S. Army, March 3, 1861. Lt. Col., June 1, 1861, 1st South Carolina Regulars, artillery regiment. Posthumous confirmation of Brig. Gen. promotion over a month after death. *Gave Lt. Gen. Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson his famous nickname at the Battle of First Bull Run (Manassas), where Bee was mortally wounded July 21, 1861 and died July 22, 1861.
Bee, Hamilton Prioleau	Brigadier General rank: March 4, 1862 nom: March 5, 1862 conf: March 6, 1862	Brother of Brig. Gen. Barnard Bee. Mexican-American War (wounded). Speaker, Texas House of Representatives, one term. Brig. Gen. of militia, 1861. In command at Brownsville, Texas, 1861. Did mostly administrative work until Red River Campaign, where performance criticized. Wounded in face at Pleasant Hill. Went to Mexico after the war; returned to San Antonio, 1876.
Bell, Tyree H.	Brigadier General rank: February 28, 1865 nom, conf: March 2, 1865	12th Tennessee Infantry: Capt., June 4, 1861, Lt. Col., June 5, 1861, Col., June 17, 1862. Cavalry commander, under Lt. Gen. Forrest later in war. Wounded at Shiloh and Pulaski, Tennessee. Moved family to Fresno, California in 1875. *Died at New Orleans while returning from a veterans reunion, September 1, 1902, aged 76.
Benning, Henry L. "Old Rock"	Brigadier General rank: January 17, 1863 nom: January 23, 1863 conf: April 23, 1863	Six years as associate justice of Georgia Supreme Court. 17th Georgia Infantry: Col., August 29, 1861. *Wounded at the Battle of the Wilderness.
Benton, Samuel	Brigadier General rank: July 26, 1864 died before commission received	State legislator. Mississippi secession convention delegate. 9th Mississippi Infantry, 12-month regiment: Capt., April 1861. 37th (later 34th) Mississippi Infantry: Col., April 1862. Mortally wounded, Battle of Atlanta, July 22, 1864. Died July 28, 1864 at Griffin, Georgia, before receiving commission as Brig. Gen. to rank from July 26, 1864.
Blanchard, Albert G.	Brigadier General rank, nom: September 21, 1861 conf: December 13, 1861	Born September 10, 1810, Charlestown, Massachusetts. USMA, 1829. Resigned as 1st Lt., U.S. Army, May 15, 1840. Lived in New Orleans, various occupations. Mexican-American War: Capt., Louisiana Infantry, and Maj., 12th U.S. Infantry. 1st Louisiana Infantry, Col., April 28, 1861. War record mainly in camps of instruction, on conscript duty and court of inquiry. Dropped from the C.S. Army on February 11, 1865. *Died June 21, 1891, New Orleans, Louisiana, aged 80.
Boggs, William R.	Brigadier General rank, nom: November 4, 1862 conf: April 22, 1863	USMA, 1853. Resigned as 1st Lt., U.S. Army, February 1, 1861. Staff officer, engr., 1861–1862: with Gen. Beauregard, Charleston; Gen. Bragg, Pensacola. Resigned to join Georgia militia, December 21, 1861. Colonel CSA, Engr., July 14, 1862. Chief of staff for Gen. E. Kirby Smith in the Trans–Mississippi Department. Taught mechanics at Virginia Polytechnic Institute (Virginia Tech University), 1875–1881. Died September 11, 1911, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, aged 82.
Bonham, Milledge Luke	Brigadier General rank: nom: April 23, 1861 conf: August 28, 1861 reappointed: rank: February 9, 1865 nom: February 16, 1865 conf: February 20, 1865	Seminole Wars and Mexican-American War: Maj. Gen., South Carolina militia; Lt. Col., 12th U.S. Infantry. Accidentally shot himself in hand in Mexico. U.S. Representative, March 4, 1857– resigned December 29, 1860. Resigned as Brig. Gen., January 17, 1862, to take seat in Confederate Congress. Governor of South Carolina between December 18, 1862– December 18, 1864. Reappointed Brig. Gen., February 9, 1865. With Gen. Joseph E. Johnston at end of the war. Post-war State legislator. *South Carolina state railroad commissioner, 1878–1890.
Bowen, John Stevens	Brigadier General rank, nom: March 14, 1862 conf: March 18, 1862 Major General rank: May 25, 1863 died, unconfirmed	USMA, 1853. Resigned as 2d Lt., U.S. Army, May 1, 1856. Lt. Col., Georgia militia, for a year. Architect at St. Louis. Capt., Missouri militia. Chief of staff to Brig. Gen. D. M. Frost. Captured at Camp Jackson, Missouri, May 10, 1861. 1st Missouri Infantry: Col., June 11, 1861. Wounded at Shiloh. Paroled after surrender of Vicksburg, July 4, 1863. Weakened by dysentery, died 9 days later, July 13, 1863, near Raymond, Mississippi, aged 32. Died before Confederate Senate acted on Maj. Gen. nomination.
Bragg, Braxton	Brigadier General rank, nom, conf: March 7, 1861 Major general rank, nom: September 12, 1861 conf: December 13, 1861 General (ACSA) rank: April 6, 1862 nom, conf: April 12, 1862	USMA, 1837. Seminole Wars; Mexican-American War. Resigned as Capt. and Brevet Lt. Col., U.S. Army, January 3, 1856. Assigned to Gulf Coast. Commanded Army of Tennessee, June 1862–November 1863. Invaded Kentucky, defeated at Perryville, and forced to withdraw from Murfreesboro, Tennessee after Stones River. Thanks of Confederate Congress for Stones River. Victor at Chickamauga but Union Maj. Gen. U.S. Grant forced retreat from Chattanooga. Requested transfer of command to Gen. Joseph E. Johnston. Charged with conduct of Confederate military operations. Joined Gen. Joseph E. Johnston's final campaign in North Carolina. Favorite of Jefferson Davis; detested by many generals. *Alabama, chief engineer. Moved to Texas, fell dead walking in Galveston, Texas with a friend, September 27, 1876, aged 59.
Branch, Lawrence O'Bryan	Brigadier General rank, nom: November 16, 1861 conf: December 13, 1861	ADC in Florida War, 1841. President, Raleigh and Gaston Railroad, 1852–1855. U.S. Representatives from North Carolina, March 4, 1855–March 3, 1861. Quartermaster and Paymaster of North Carolina, May 20, 1861. 33rd North Carolina Infantry: Col., September 20, 1861. Killed September 17, 1862 at Antietam (Sharpsburg) by a Union Army sharpshooter.
Brandon, William L.	Brigadier General rank, nom: June 18, 1864 conf: January 17, 1865	Pre-war state legislator, Maj. Gen. of Mississippi militia. 21st Mississippi Infantry: Maj, June 11, 1861, Lt. Col., July 12, 1861, Col., August 12, 1861. Lost a leg at the Battle of Malvern Hill. Served at Chickamauga and Knoxville with Longstreet. Resigned October 28, 1863 but appointed Brig. Gen., June 18, 1864. Put in command of recruiting for Mississippi on date of Brig. Gen. promotion. *Died October 8, 1890, Wilkinson County, Mississippi, aged 88 to 90.
Brantley, William F.	Brigadier General (temporary) rank, nom: July 26, 1864 conf: February 21, 1865	15th, later 29th, Mississippi Infantry: Capt., May 21, 1861, Lt. Col., May 1862, Col., December 13, 1862. Wounded at Shiloh and Stones River. Fought in Atlanta and Franklin-Nashville campaigns. With Gen. Joseph E. Johnston in North Carolina campaign. *Murdered November 2, 1870 near Winona, Mississippi, aged 40.
Bratton, John "Reliable"	Brigadier General rank: May 6, 1864 nom: June 1, 1864 conf: June 9, 1864	6th South Carolina Infantry: Pvt., 1861, Capt., July 1861, Lt. Col., April 12, 1862, Col., May 1, 1862. Wounded at Williamsburg. Wounded, captured at Seven Pines; exchanged, early 1863. Wounded at Darbytown Road, October 7, 1864. Surrendered largest brigade at Appomattox Court House. State senator, 1865–1866. *U.S. Representative, December 8, 1884–March 3, 1885.
Breckinridge, John C.	Brigadier General rank, nom: November 2, 1861 conf: December 13, 1861 Major General rank: April 14, 1862 nom: April 16, 1862 conf: April 18, 1862	Mexican-American War. Kentucky legislator, 1849–1851. U.S. Representative, March 4, 1851–March 3, 1855. In 1856, at age 35, elected U.S. Vice President (Democrat with President James Buchanan). Resigned early to take seat in U.S. Senate 1859–1861. Fled to Confederacy, October 2, 1861. U.S. Senate declared him a traitor, December 2, 1861. Commanded Reserve Corps at Shiloh. Wounded at Cold Harbor, horse fell on him. Commanded Department of Southwest Virginia, early 1864. In Lt. Gen. Jubal Early's 1864 Shenandoah Valley Campaign and raid on Washington. Appointed Confederate Secretary of War on February 4, 1865. Went to England and Canada. Returned to Kentucky, 1869. Vice President, Elizabethtown, Lexington & Big Sandy Railroad. Died from results of a serious operation, May 17, 1875, aged 54.
Brevard, Theodore W.	Brigadier General rank: March 22, 1865 nom: March 28, 1865 unconfirmed	2nd Florida Battalion (Partisan Rangers): Capt., July 13, 1861, Maj., August 14, 1862, Lt. Col., June 24, 1863, Col., June 11, 1864. Fought at Olustee. 11th Florida Infantry: Col.; with Army of Northern Virginia. Last general officer Jefferson Davis appointed, March 28, 1865, to rank from March 22, 1865. Unconfirmed, Confederate Senate last met March 18, 1865. Captured, Sayler's Creek.
Brown, John Calvin	Brigadier General rank: August 30, 1862 nom: September 15, 1862 conf: September 30, 1862 Major General (temporary) rank, nom: August 4, 1864 conf: February 20, 1865	3rd Tennessee Infantry: Pvt., then Col., May 16, 1861. Captured at Fort Donelson, exchanged August 15, 1862. Wounded at Perryville and Ezra Church. Severely wounded at Franklin. Defeated in 1875 election for U.S. Senate seat by former President Andrew Johnson. First Democrat governor of Tennessee after the war, 1879. *President of Texas & Pacific Railway and Tennessee Coal, Iron & Railroad Company.
Browne, William Montague "Constitution"	Colonel Brigadier General temporary rank: from November 11, 1864 unconfirmed: rejected	Born 1823, Dublin, Ireland. Crimean War veteran. Emigrated to U.S. in 1855, Georgia in 1861. Newspaper editor. Aide to Jefferson Davis with rank of col. of cavalry. Interim Confederate Secretary of State March 18–27, 1862. Briefly commanded brigade in defense of Savannah. Nomination as Brig. Gen. (temporary), November 11, 1864, rejected by Confederate Senate, February 18, 1865.
Bryan, Goode	Brigadier General rank: August 29, 1863 nom: August 31, 1861 conf: February 17, 1864	USMA, 1834. Resigned as 2d Lt., U.S. Army, April 30, 1835. Alabama legislator. Mexican-American War: Maj., Alabama volunteers. Capt., Georgia Militia, 1853–1861. 16th Georgia Infantry; Capt., 1861, Lt. Col., July 19, 1861; Col., February 15, 1862. *Resigned after Overland Campaign, September 20, 1864, due to failing health, aged 53.
Buckner, Simon Bolivar	Brigadier General rank, nom: September 14, 1861 conf: December 13, 1861 Major General rank, nom: August 16, 1862 conf: September 27, 1862 Lieutenant General rank, nom: September 20, 1864 conf: January 17, 1865	USMA, 1844. Mexican-Amercuan War (2 brevets; wounded). Resigned as Capt., U.S. Army, March 26, 1855. Moved to Illinois; Col., AG, Illinois Militia, 1857. Moved to Kentucky, Capt., Kentucky Militia, 1858. Left by Brig. Gens. Pillow and Floyd to surrender Fort Donelson. Fortified Mobile. Commanded a division in Longstreet's corps at Knoxville. In Trans–Mississippi, chief of staff to General E. Kirby Smith after Chickamauga. New Orleans Daily Crescent staff to 1868. Editor, Louisville Courier, 1868-1887. Governor of Kentucky, August 30, 1887–September 1, 1891. Vice-presidential candidate of "Gold Democrats", 1896. Died January 8, 1914, Munfordville, Kentucky, aged 91, last survivor of 3 highest grades of general in Confederate Army.
Buford, Abraham	Brigadier General rank: September 2, 1862 nom: November 29, 1862 conf: April 22, 1863	USMA, 1841. Mexican-American War. Resigned as Capt., U.S.A., October 22, 1854. President, Richmond and Danville Railroad. Remained out of war while Kentucky remained "neutral." Two cousins were Union Army generals. Joined C.S. Army as Brig. Gen. Fought in Vicksburg campaign, then with Lt. Gen. Nathan Bedford Forrest. Kentucky state legislator, one term. Severe financial problems. *Suicide June 9, 1884, Danville, Indiana, aged 64.
Bullock, Robert	Brigadier General (temporary) rank: November 29, 1864 nom: December 13, 1864 conf: January 17, 1865	Clerk of circuit court of Marion County, Florida. Fought against Seminoles in 1856. 7th Florida Infantry: Capt., 1862, Maj. 1862, Col., June 2, 1862. Captured at Missionary Ridge, exchanged May 1864. Atlanta campaign; Franklin–Nashville campaign; wounded twice. Badly wounded in retreat after Nashville and captured. Post-war judge, State legislator. U.S. Representative, March 4, 1889–March 3, 1893. *Died July 27, 1905, Ocala, Florida, aged 76.
Butler, Matthew Calbraith	Brigadier General rank: September 1, 1863 nom: September 2, 1863 conf: February 17, 1864 Major General rank: September 19, 1864 nom: December 3, 1864 conf: December 7, 1864	Pre-war South Carolina legislator. Hampton's Legion: Capt., June 12, 1861; Maj., July 21, 1861. 2nd South Carolina Cavalry: Col., August 22, 1862. Lost right foot at Brandy Station. Served under Maj. Gen. Jeb Stuart and Lt. Gen. Wade Hampton. South Carolina legislator. U.S. Senator from South Carolina, March 4, 1876–March 3, 1894. Maj. Gen. U.S. Volunteers, 1898 through April 15, 1899, Spanish-American War. On commission for Spanish evacuation of Cuba. President of Southern Historical Association. *Died April 14, 1909, Washington, D.C., aged 73.

C

Name	Rank	Notes
Cabell, William L.	Brigadier General rank: January 20, 1863 nom: January 30, 1863 conf: April 23, 1863	USMA, 1850. Resigned as Capt., U.S. Army, April 20, 1861. Chief Qurartermaster at Battle of First Bull Run. Organized Quartermaster corps at Richmond, 1861. Staff officer for Gen. Joseph E. Johnston, Maj. Gen. Earl Van Dorn. Cavalry commander under Maj. Gen. Sterling Price. Wounded twice.Captured at Mine Creek, Kansas, during Price's 1864 Missouri Raid. Prisoner, October 1864–August 1865. Four-term mayor of Dallas, Texas, 1872–1882. Commander in Chief, United Confederate Veterans, 1908. Died February 22, 1911, Dallas, Texas, aged 84.
Campbell, Alexander William	Brigadier General rank: March 1, 1865 nom, conf: March 2, 1865	Mayor of Jackson, Tennessee, 1856. Pvt, 1861, Major and AIG, Provisional Army of Tennessee. 33rd Tennessee Infantry: Col., October 18, 1861. Severely wounded at Shiloh. Captured at Lexington, Tennessee, July 1863, on a mission for governor. Not exchanged until December 1864 (Warner: February 1865). Commanded brigade, William Hicks Jackson's division, Nathan Bedford Forrest's corps.
Cantey, James	Brigadier General rank, nom: January 8, 1863 conf: April 22, 1863	Two-term South Carolina legislator. Mexican-American War. 15th Alabama Infantry: Col., July 27, 1861. Served in Jackson's Valley Campaign. Frequently in ill health. Brigade in Atlanta and Franklin-Nashville campaigns, with Gen. Joseph Johnston in North Carolina.
Capers, Ellison	Brigadier General rank: March 1, 1865 nom, conf: March 2, 1865	South Carolina Military Academy (The Citadel predecessor), 1857. Teacher at South Carolina Military Academy. Regiment participated in bombardment of Fort Sumter. South Carolina Infantry, Maj. April 1861. 24th South Carolina Infantry: Lt. Col., April 1, 1862, Col., January 20, 1864. Brig. Gen. to succeed Brig. Gen. States Rights Gist. Wounded three times. Captured at Bentonville, North Carolina. Long career as Episcopal minister and bishop, 1893–1908. Chancellor, University of the South, 1904.
Carroll, William Henry	Brigadier General rank, nom: October 26, 1861 conf: December 20, 1861	Eldest son of six-term governor of Tennessee, William Carroll. Postmaster of Memphis from 1848. 37th Tennessee Infantry:, Col., July 9, 1861. Proclaimed martial law in Knoxville, Tennessee. Criticized for conduct at Battle of Fishing Creek. Arrested by Lt. Gen. Hardee for drunkenness, incompetency and neglect. Resigned February 1, 1863 and went to Canada. Died May 3, 1868, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Carter, John C.	Brigadier General (temporary) rank: July 7, 1864 nom: July 8, 1864 conf: February 20, 1865 (posthumous)	22nd Tennessee Infantry: 1st Lt., August 18, 1861. 38th Tennessee Infantry: Capt., September 23, 1861, Maj., 1861, Lt. Col., 1862, Col., April 25, 1862. Wounded at Perryville. Temporary division command at Jonesboro. Mortally wounded at Franklin. Died December 10, 1864 at the Harrison home, 3 miles (4.8 km) south of battlefield, aged 26.
Chalmers, James R.	Brigadier General nom: February 10, 1862 rank: February 13, 1862 conf: February 17, 1862	9th Mississippi Infantry: Col., March 27, 1861. Commanded at Pensacola. Wounded at Stones River and Collierville, Tennessee. Later served in cavalry under Forrest, Hood. Re-confirmed February 7, 1864. Post-war Mississippi legislator. Three-term U.S. Representative from Mississippi, March 4, 1877–April 29, 1882 and June 25, 1884–March 3, 1885. Moved to Memphis in 1888 and practiced law until his death. April 9, 1898.
Chambliss, John R.	Brigadier General (special) rank: December 19, 1863 nom: January 9, 1864 conf: January 27, 1864	USMA, 1853 Resigned as Brevet 2d Lt., U.S. Army, March 4, 1854. Militia officer, ADC to Virginia governor. 41st Virginia Infantry: Col., May 1861. 13th Virginia Cavalry: Col., July 13, 1861. Killed August 16, 1864 at engagement north of James River near Deep Bottom, Virginia, on Charles City Road.
Cheatham, Benjamin F.	Brigadier General rank, nom: July 9, 1861 conf: August 28, 1861 Major General rank: March 10, 1862 nom: March 11, 1862 conf: March 13, 1862	Mexican-American War: Col., 3rd Tennessee Infantry. Maj. Gen., Tennessee militia. Thanks of Confederate Congress for Belmont. Wounded at Shiloh, Ezra Church. Hood charged he allowed Union troops to escape from Spring Hill, Tennessee in November 1864. Historians such as Ezra J. Warner side with Cheatham. Superintendent of state prisons. Postmaster at Nashville, 1885–1886.
Chesnut, James Jr.	Brigadier General rank, nom: April 23, 1864 conf: June 9, 1864	Husband of diarist Mary Boykin Chesnut. South Carolina legislator. U.S. Senator from South Carolina, December 3, 1858–November 10, 1860. Provisional Confederate Congress delegate, February 1861. Colonel, aide to Gen. Beauregard at Fort Sumter. Staff of President Davis. *Commanded Reserve Forces of South Carolina, April 30, 1864–May 10, 1865.
Chilton, Robert H.	Brigadier General (special) rank: December 21, 1863 nom: December 22, 1863 conf: February 16, 1864	USMA, 1837. Mexican-American War. Resigned as Major and Paymaster, U.S. Army, April 29, 1861. Virginia Provisional Army: Col., cavalry. Adjutant and Inspector General Department, C.S.A., Lt. Col. Chief of staff to General Robert E. Lee. IG of Army of Northern Virginia. First Brig. Gen. nomination rejected, April 11, 1863. Relieved of field duty at own request, April 1864. *Finished war as Lt. Col., then Col., in charge of inspection branch, Department of Richmond.
Churchill, Thomas J.	Brigadier General rank: March 4, 1862 nom: March 5, 1862 conf: March 6, 1862 Major General (temporary) rank: March 17, 1865 nom, conf: March 18, 1865	Mexican-American War (captured, exchanged). Postmaster, Little Rock, Arkansas, 1857–1861. Recruited First Arkansas Mounted Rifles, Col., June 9, 1861. Thanks of Confederate Congress for Richmond, Kentucky. Surrendered at Arkansas Post, January 11, 1863, exchanged April 1863. Participated in Red River Campaign and Battle of Jenkins' Ferry. May 13, 1864 promotion to Maj. Gen. by E. Kirby Smith rescinded by Jefferson Davis. Arkansas treasurer, 1874–1881. *Arkansas governor, January 13, 1881–January 13, 1883.
Clanton, James H.	Brigadier General rank: November 16, 1863 nom: November 18, 1863 conf: February 17, 1864	Mexican-American War private. Alabama legislator. Originally opposed secession. C.S.A. Alabama Cavalry: Capt., November 12, 1861. 1st Alabama Cavalry: Col., December 3, 1861. Resigned 1862. ADC to John G. Shorter, Braxton Bragg, Leonidas Polk. Cavalry brigade commander from June 1864. Badly wounded and captured at Bluff Spring, Florida in March 1865. Assassinated by drunken ex-Federal officer, David M. Nelson, a political rival, September 27, 1871, at Knoxville, Tennessee, aged 44.
Clark, Charles	Brigadier General rank, nom: May 22, 1861 conf: August 28, 1861	Mississippi legislator, 1838–1844. Mexican-American War: volunteer Col. from Mississippi. Severely wounded at Shiloh and Baton Rouge (1862). Captured; exchanged February 1863. Resigned October 31, 1863. Governor of Mississippi, November 16, 1863–May 22, 1865. *Confined at Fort Pulaski at end of war.
Clark, John Bullock Jr.	Brigadier General rank: March 8, 1864 nom: March 12, 1864 conf: May 11, 1864	6th Missouri Infantry, Missouri State Guard: Lt., Capt., Maj., July 1861, Col., June 28, 1862. Wounded at Wilson's Creek. Commanded a brigade at Pea Ridge. 9th Missouri Infantry, Col., November 16, 1862. Served in the Trans–Mississippi Department. Wounded at Jenkins' Ferry. U.S. Representative from Missouri, March 4, 1873–March 3, 1883 From 1883 until 1889, served as Clerk of the U.S. House of Representatives.
Clayton, Henry DeLamar	Brigadier General rank: April 22, 1863 nom: April 23, 1863 conf: April 25, 1863 Major General (temporary) rank, nom: July 7, 1864 conf: February 20, 1865	Two-term Alabama legislator. 1st Alabama Infantry: Col., March 28, 1861. At Pensacola. Resigned January 1862. Recruited 39th Alabama Infantry:, Col., May 15, 1862. Severely wounded at Stones River. Wounded at Chickamauga. Led rear guard in retreat from Nashville. Surrendered with Gen. Joseph E. Johnson in North Carolina. Circuit court judge *President, University of Alabama, 1886–1889.
Cleburne, Patrick R.	Brigadier General rank: March 4, 1862 nom: March 5, 1862 conf: March 6, 1865 Major General rank: December 13, 1862 nom: December 20, 1862 conf: April 22, 1863	Born March 17, 1828, County Cork, Ireland Three years in British Army. Emigrated to Cincinnati, 1849, then Helena, Arkansas. 1st Arkansas Militia, Col., May 14, 1861. 1st Arkansas Infantry: Col., July 23, 1861. 15th Arkansas Infantry: Col., October 15, 1861. In retreat from Chattanooga, saved trains of Army of Tennessee. Thanks of Congress for Richmond, Kentucky; Ringgold, Georgia. Proposed abolition of slavery, arming slaves to fight for Confederacy in January 1864. Wounded at Richmond, Kentucky, Perryville. Killed leading division at Franklin, November 30, 1864. Referred to as the "Stonewall of the West".
Clingman, Thomas Lanier	Brigadier General rank: May 17, 1862 nom: September 17, 1862 conf: September 30, 1862	North Carolina legislator, 1835. U.S. Representatives, March 4, 1843–March 3, 1845, March 4, 1847–March 7, 1858. U.S. Senator, May 7, 1858–withdrew March 28, 1861. Refused to resign Senate seat, one of ten senators expelled from Senate. 25th North Carolina Infantry: Col., August 13, 1861. Wounded at New Bern, North Carolina. Badly wounded in battle along Weldon Railroad, August 1864. Geologist, explored and measured mountains in western North Carolina and eastern Tennessee. *Clingman's Dome, North Carolina is named in his honor.
Cobb, Howell	Brigadier General rank, nom. conf: February 12, 1862 Major General rank: September 9, 1862 nom: September 19, 1863 conf: January 25, 1864	U.S. Treasury Secretary under President James Buchanan. 16th Georgia Infantry: July 15, 1861. Suggested a prisoner-of-war camp in southern Georgia, led to establishment of Andersonville. Vehemently opposed Robert E. Lee's proposal to enlist slaves into army. After receiving a presidential pardon in 1868, publicly denounced Reconstruction. Died in New York City on a business trip, October 9, 1868. aged 53. *Brother of Brig. Gen. Thomas Reade Rootes Cobb.
Cobb, Thomas Reade Rootes	Colonel Brigadier General rank: November 1, 1862 unconfirmed: died	Editor of Georgia Supreme Court reports. Wrote treatise on law of slavery, 1858. A founder of University of Georgia Law School. Provisional Confederate Congress, February 1861. Recruited Cobb's Legion, Col., August 28, 1861. During the war, served in the Confederate Congress. Member of committee that drafted the Confederate constitution. Mortally wounded, sunken road at Fredericksburg. Died December 13, 1862 at Fredericksburg. Brother of Maj. Gen. Howell Cobb.
Cocke, Philip St. George	Brigadier General rank, nom: October 21, 1861 conf: December 13, 1861	USMA, 1832. Resigned as 2d Lt. and adj., U.S. Army, resigned April 1, 1834. President of Virginia Agricultural Society. VMI Board of Visitors, 9 years. After John Brown's Harpers Ferry raid, organized militia in home county. Provisional Army of Virgina: Brig. Gen., April 21, 1861. 19th Virginia Infantry, Col., April 27, 1861. Led troops at Blackburn's Ford and First Bull Run. Returned home after 8 months in ill health. Suicide, December 26, 1861.
Cockrell, Francis M.	Brigadier General rank: July 18, 1863 nom: July 23, 1863 conf: February 17, 1864	Missouri State Guard, Capt., Brig. Gen. 1st Missouri Infantry: Pvt., Capt., January 15, 1862. 2d Missouri Infantry, Lt. Col., March 1862, Col., March 14, 1862. Wounded in Vicksburg, Atlanta campaigns. Severely wounded at Franklin. Captured at Fort Blakely (Mobile). U.S. Senator from Missouri, March 4, 1875–March 3, 1905. Interstate Commerce Commission, 1905–1910. Texas–New Mexico boundary commission. U.S. War Department Director of Ordnance, 1912–1915. Died December 13, 1915, Washington, D.C., aged 81.
Colquitt, Alfred Holt	Brigadier General rank: September 1, 1862 nom: September 15, 1862 conf: September 30, 1862	Mexican-American War: staff Maj. U.S. Representative, March 4, 1853–March 3, 1855. Georgia legislator, 1859. Methodist minister. 6th Georgia Infantry, Col., May 1861. In command at Battle of Olustee, Florida. Governor of Georgia, January 12, 1877–resigned November 4, 1882. U.S. Senator from Georgia, March 4, 1882–March 26, 1894.
Colston, Raleigh E. "Parlez"	Brigadier General nom: December 23, 1861 rank, conf: December 24, 1861	Born October 21, 1825, Paris, France. VMI, 1846. Professor of French at VMI until 1861. 16th Virginia Infantry, Col., May 2, 1861. Colonel in Egyptian army sustaining severe injuries. Died at the Confederate Soldiers' Home, Richmond, Virginia.
Conner, James	Brigadier General (special) nom: May 30, 1864 rank, conf: June 1, 1864	U.S. District Attorney, 1856. Prosecuted case of slave ship Echo. Hampton's Legion, Capt. May 1861, Maj., July 21, 1861. CSA District Attorney of South Carolina, March 26, 1862. 22nd North Carolina Infantry, Col., June 13, 1862. Wounded, fractured leg at Gaines Mill. Lost leg at Cedar Creek, Virginia skirmish, October 13, 1864. Artillery command under Gen. Joseph E. Johnston, February 25, 1865. *Attorney General of South Carolina, 1876.
Cook, Philip	Brigadier General rank: August 5, 1864 nom: August 8, 1864 conf: February 3, 1865	Seminole War, 1836. Georgia state senator. 4th Georgia Infantry, Pvt., April 1861, Serg., May 1861, 1st Lt., AAG, October 2, 1861, Lt. Col., August 1862, Col., November 1, 1862. Wounded three times, the last at Fort Stedman on March 25, 1865. Captured while in hospital at Petersburg, Virginia, April 2, 1865. U.S. Congressman, March 4, 1873–March 3, 1883. *Secretary of State of Georgia, 1890–1894.
Cooke, John Rogers	Brigadier General rank, nom: November 1, 1862 conf: April 22, 1863	U.S. Army commission after college. Son of Union Brig. Gen. (Bvt. Maj. Gen.) Philip St. George Cooke. Brother-in-law of Jeb Stuart. Resigned as 1st Lt., U.S. Army, May 30, 1861. Asst. QM, Army of the Potomac, 1861; Artillery, Aquia District, Virginia, 1861–1862. 27th North Carolina Infantry, Col., April 1862. Brigade command in Wilcox's, then Heth's, division, III Corps, Army of Northern Virginia, August 1863 – April 9, 1865. Wounded 7 times, skull fracture at Fredericksburg. *A founder of Confederate Soldiers Home at Richmond, Virginia.
Cooper, Douglas H.	Brigadier General rank: May 2, 1863 nom: June 23, 1863 conf: February 17, 1864	Mexican-American War. U.S. agent to Choctaw Nation, 1853. 1st Choctaw and Chickasaw Mounted Rifles, Col., November 1861. Mainly stationed in Indian Territory Superintendent of Indian Affairs. Commanded Indian brigade in Sterling Price's Missouri campaign, 1864. *Prosecuted Indian claims against U.S. government.
Cooper, Samuel	Brigadier General rank, nom, conf: March 16, 1861 General (ACSA) rank: May 16, 1861 nom, conf: August 31, 1861	Born June 12, 1798, Dutchess County, New York. USMA, 1815. Col. and AG, U.S. Army 1852. Married a sister of U.S. Senator James Murray Mason of Virginia. Resigned as Col., U.S. Army, March 7, 1861. Ranking general officer of the Confederate Army, May 16, 1861. Adjutant and Inspector General throughout the war. Never in field command but contributed valuable organizational skills. *Turned his records over to the U.S. authorities upon surrender.
Corse, Montgomery Dent	Brigadier General rank, nom: November 1, 1862 conf: April 22, 1863	Mexican-American War, Capt., 1st Virginia Volunteers. Virginia militia: Maj., April 10, 1861. 17th Virginia Infantry: Col., June 10, 1861. Reduced to seven men at Antietam. Wounded three times. Captured at Sayler's Creek.
Cosby, George B.	Brigadier General rank: January 20, 1863 nom: January 23, 1863 conf: April 23, 1863	USMA, 1852. Resigned as Capt., U.S. Army, May 10, 1861. Maj., AAG, June 20, 1861. Staff major for Brig. Gen. Buckner at Fort Donelson. Captured and exchanged August 15, 1862. Led cavalry brigade under Van Dorn, in Gen. Joseph E. Johnston's campaign to relieve Vicksburg. Then in Department of West Virginia and East Tennessee. Board of State Engineers and federal government positions in California. West Point Board of Visitors. *Suicide June 29, 1909, aged 79, allegedly due to old wounds.
Cox, William Ruffin	Brigadier General (temporary) rank: May 31, 1864 nom, conf: June 2, 1864	2nd North Carolina Infantry: Maj., June 19, 1861, Lt. Col., September 17, 1862, Col., March 20, 1863. Wounded eleven times. U.S. Representative, March 4, 1881–March 3, 1887. Secretary of U.S. Senate, 1893–1900. Prominent Mason. Died December 26, 1919, Richmond, Virginia, one of the last surviving Confederate generals.
Crittenden, George Bibb	Brigadier General nom: August 13, 1861 rank: August 15, 1861 conf: August 16, 1861 Major General rank, nom: November 9, 1861 conf: December 13, 1861 re-conf: February 17, 1862	Brother of Union Major General Thomas L. Crittenden. Black Hawk War. Texas Army. Captured in Mier Expedition, exchanged. Capt., U.S. Army Mounted Rifles, May 27, 1846. Mexican-American War. Cashiered August 19, 1848, restored March 15, 1849. Resigned as Lt. Col., U.S. Army, June 10, 1861. Resigned as Maj. Gen. after badly defeated at Fishing Creek (Mill Springs). Arrested for drunkenness by order of William J. Hardee, April 1, 1862, restored, April 18, 1862. Court of inquiry ordered by Braxton Bragg, July 24, 1862. Resigned as Maj. Gen., reverted to Col., October 23, 1862. Continued in subordinate capacities. Librarian, State of Kentucky, 1867–1871.
Cumming, Alfred	Brigadier General rank, nom: October 29, 1862 conf: April 22, 1863	USMA, 1849. Utah War; Mormon Expedition. Resigned as Capt., U.S. Army, January 19, 1861. 1st Georgia Infantry: Maj., May 1861. 10th Georgia Infantry: Lt. Col., June 17, 1861, Col., September 25, 1861. Captured at Vicksburg, exchanged October 13, 1863. Wounded at Malvern Hill, Antietam. Disabled by wounds at Jonesboro, August 31, 1864. Member of 1888 Military Commission to Korea. *Died December 5, 1910, Rome, Georgia, aged 81.

D

Name	Rank	Notes
Daniel, Junius	Brigadier General nrank: September 1, 1862 nom: September 15, 1862 conf: September 30, 1862	USMA, 1851. Resigned as 1st Lt., U.S. Army, January 14, 1858. 14th North Carolina Infantry, Col., June 3, 1861. 45th North Carolina Infantry, Col., April 14, 1862. Wounded at Malvern Hill. Mortally wounded at "Bloody Angle" at Spotsylvania, May 12, 1864, died the next day.
Davidson, Henry B.	Brigadier General rank, nom: August 18, 1863 conf: February 17, 1864	USMA, 1853. Mexican-American War, enlisted at 15. Served on frontier with U.S. Army. Dropped as Capt., U.S. Army, as AWOL, July 30, 1861. Confederate staff officer, major, April 1861. Col., June 1862. Captured at Island Number 10, April 4, 1862, exchanged August 15, 1862. Wheeler's cavalry corps, then in Virginia, Valley Campaigns, North Carolina. Deputy Secretary of State of California. Southern Pacific Railroad agent.
Davis, Joseph R.	Brigadier General rank: September 15, 1862 nom: September 26, 1862 conf: October 8, 1862	Nephew of Jefferson Davis. Mississippi legislator. 10th Mississippi Infantry: Lt. Col., April 12, 1861. Staff of President Davis as Col., August 31, 1861. *Wounded at Gettysburg.
Davis, William G.M.	Brigadier General rank, nom: November 4, 1862 conf: April 22, 1863	Ran away to sea at age 17. Returned to live at Apalachicola, Florida. Judge. 1st Florida Cavalry: raised, equipped, Lt. Col., November 4, 1861, Col., January 1, 1862. Served in East Tennessee. Resigned May 6, 1863. *Operated and managed blockade runners thereafter.
Dearing, James	Colonel Brigadier General rank: April 29, 1864 not confirmed; continued as brigade commander	USMA entered 1858; resigned April 22, 1861. Washington Artillery, Lt. Confederate artillery, 1st Lt., July 1861, Capt., April 1862, Maj., May 1862. Maj. of artillery at Gettysburg. 8th Regular Cavalry, Col., April 1864. Brigadier general, April 29, 1864, not confirmed, continued to command cavalry brigade. Wounded at Jetersville, Virginia, April 5, 1865. Mortally wounded at Battle of High Bridge, April 6, 1865, in pistol duel with Union Lt. Col. (Brevet Brig. Gen.) Theodore Read, who also was killed. Died April 23, 1865 at Lynchburg, Virginia. Despite lack of Senate confirmation, often identified as last Confederate general to die of wounds from battle.
Deas, Zachariah Cantey	Brigadier General rank: December 13, 1862 nom: December 20, 1862 conf: April 22, 1863	Mexican-American War. ADC to Gen. Joseph E. Johnston, July 1861. 22nd Alabama Infantry, Col., October 25, 1861. Badly wounded, in temporary brigade command at Shiloh. *Wounded at Franklin.
De Lagnel, Julius A.	Lt. Colonel Brigadier General rank: April 15, 1862 nom: April 16, 1862 conf: April 18, 1862 declined July 31, 1862	Born July 24, 1827, Newark, New Jersey. U.S. Army officer 1847–1861. Resigned as 1st Lt., U.S. Army, May 17, 1861. Captain of Artillery, Army of the Northwest, June 1861. Commanded defense at Rich Mountain, wounded June 11, 1861. Captured at Laurel Hill, July 13, 1861, exchanged December 18, 1861 for James B. Ricketts. Appointed brigadier general to rank from April 12, 1862, but declined the commission, July 31, 1862. Briefly served as artillery major in Army of Northern Virginia. Served in ordnance bureau in Richmond and Fayetteville, North Carolina as Lt. Col. Died June 3, 1912, Washington, D.C., aged 85.
Deshler, James	Colonel Brigadier General rank: July 28, 1863 not confirmed	USMA, 1854. Dropped as 1st Lt., U.S. Army, as AWOL, July 15, 1861. Captain of artillery, Army of the Northwest, July 1861. Brigade adjutant at Cheat Mountain. Shot at skirmish at Allegheny Summit, West Virginia, December 13, 1861. Col., CSA, 1862, Artillery, April 1862. Chief of artillery for Theophilus Holmes during Seven Days Battles. Accompanied Holmes to Trans–Mississippi Department. Captured commanding brigade at Arkansas Post, January 11, 1863, exchanged June 1863. Brig. Gen. to rank from July 28, 1863 not confirmed. Killed by a shell at Chickamauga, September 20, 1863, aged 30.
Dibrell, George Gibbs	Brigadier General rank: July 26, 1864 nom: January 24, 1865 conf: January 28, 1865	Tennessee legislator. Tennessee militia, Pvt., June 1861. 25th Tennessee Infantry, Lt. Col., August 10, 1861. 8th Tennessee Cavalry (13th Tennessee Cavalry), Col., September 1862. Cavalry brigade commander under Nathan Bedford Forrest, Joseph Wheeler. Run over by horse and incapacitated, May 1863. Appointed Brig. Gen. for new units. Wounded twice. In charge of Confederate archives after fall of Richmond. U.S. Representative, March 4, 1874–March 3, 1884. *President of Southwestern Railroad (Tennessee).
Dockery, Thomas P.	Brigadier General rank: August 10, 1863 2d nom: June 1, 1864 conf: June 10, 1864	5th Arkansas Militia, Col., June 1861. 19th Arkansas Infantry: Col., May 12, 1862. Commanded 2nd brigade under John S. Bowen at Vicksburg. Captured, paroled, exchanged. *Brigade command at Marks' Mill, Jenkins Ferry.
Doles, George Pierce	Brigadier General rank, nom: November 1, 1862 conf: April 22, 1863	Georgia militia Capt. 4th Georgia Infantry: Capt., May 9, 1861, Col., May 26, 1862. Stationed near Norfolk, Virginia, first year of war. Wounded at Malvern Hill. *Killed at Totopotomoy Creek, also known as Bethesda Church, June 2, 1864, aged 34.
Donelson, Daniel Smith	Brigadier General rank, nom: July 9, 1861 conf: August 28, 1861 Major General (posthumous) rank: January 17, 1863 nom: March 5, 1863 conf: April 22, 1863	USMA, 1825. Nephew of President Andrew Jackson. Brother of Jackson's private secretary, Andrew Jackson Donelson, who adhered to the Union. Resigned as 2nd Lt., U.S. Army, 1826. Speaker of Tennessee House of Representatives. Tennessee Militia Brig. Gen. In western Virginia then commanded brigade, Cheatham's division, Stones River. *Died from chronic diarrhea at Montvale Springs, Tennessee, April 17, 1863, before Maj. Gen. promotion was confirmed as Senate was without knowledge Donelson died.
Drayton, Thomas F.	Brigadier General rank, nom: September 25, 1861 conf: December 13, 1861	USMA, 1828. Brother of Union Navy Capt. Percival Drayton. Resigned as 2nd Lt., U.S. Army, August 15, 1836. South Carolina legislator. President of Charleston and Savannah Railroad. In command at unsuccessful Battle of Port Royal. Much criticized by superiors. Minor departmental command and boards of inquiry in the Trans–Mississippi Department after November 26, 1862. *Post-war South Carolina Immigration Society president.
Du Bose, Dudley M.	Brigadier General (temporary) rank: November 16, 1864 nom: November 30, 1864 conf: December 5, 1864	Lt., ADC to Robert Toombs, July 1861. 15th Georgia Infantry: Col., January 1863. Regiment sustained heavy losses at Gettysburg. Wounded at Chickamauga. Captured at the Battle of Sayler's Creek, April 6, 1865. U.S. House of Representatives from Georgia, 1871–1873.
Duke, Basil W.	Brigadier General rank: September 15, 1864 nom: September 19, 1864 conf: January 17, 1865	Supported secession of Missouri. Brother-in-law of Brig. Gen. John Hunt Morgan. Lexington Rigles company, 2nd Kentucky Cavalry: Private, soon 2nd Lt., then 1st Lt., November 1861. Wounded at Shiloh. 2nd Kentucky Cavalry: Lt. Col., August 1862, Col., December 7, 1862, under Morgan. Brigade command, April 1863. Captured during Morgan's Ohio raid; prisoner at Buffington Island, Ohio for more than year, exchanged August 1864. Escort to Confederate President Jefferson Davis and Confederate government at end of war. Kentucky legislator, author and editor. Commissioner of Shiloh National Military Park, 1895–1916. Died September 16, 1916, New York, New York, aged 78.
Duncan, Johnson K.	Brigadier General rank, conf: January 7, 1862 nom: January 9, 1862	USMA, 1849. Seminole Wars. Explored a route for Northern Pacific Railroad. Resigned as 1st Lt., U.S. Army, January 31, 1855. Chief Engineer Louisiana Board of Public Works. 1st Louisiana Heavy Artillery: Maj., Col., 1861. Captured April 28, 1862 at Fort Jackson, Louisiana, exchanged August 15, 1862. Chief of staff to General Braxton Bragg. Died of typhoid fever, December 18, 1862, Knoxville Tennessee.
Dunovant, John	Colonel Brigadier General (temporary) rank: August 22, 1864 unconfirmed at death	Mexican-American War, sergeant, Palmetto Regiment. Resigned as Capt., U.S. Army, December 29, 1860. Major of militia. 1st South Carolina Regulars in C.S.A., Col. Cashiered for drunkenness. Soon appointed Col. of 5th South Carolina Cavalry by Governor Pickens. Regiment ordered to Virginia in 1864. Dunovant redeemed himself by his conduct. Wounded at Haw's Shop, Virginia, May 28, 1864. Appointed temp. Brig. Gen., August 22, 1864. *Killed during Siege of Petersburg, after capture of Fort Harrison, during Battle of Chaffin's Farm, in related fighting during Battle of Vaughan Road, October 1, 1864, aged 39.

E

Name	Rank	Notes
Early, Jubal Anderson "Jube" "Jubilee"	Brigadier General rank, nom: July 21, 1861 conf: August 28, 1861 Major General rank: January 17, 1863 nom: January 23, 1863 conf: April 23, 1863 Lieutenant General (temporary) rank, nom, conf: May 31, 1864	USMA, 1837. Seminole War. Mexican-American War. Voted against secession in Virginia convention. Brig. Gen. of Virginia militia, April 10, 1861. 24th Virginia Infantry, Col., May 21, 1861. Wounded at Williamsburg. Led a Confederate army in the Valley Campaigns of 1864, including the Battles of Monocacy, Fort Stevens and Cedar Creek. Command dispersed at Waynesboro. Fled to Mexico, Cuba, Canada, returned 1869. Southern Historical Society president. Fell down a flight of stairs in Lynchburg, Virgina, February 15, 1894; died March 2, 1894, aged 77.
Echols, John	Brigadier General rank, nom: April 16, 1862 conf: April 18, 1862	Virginia legislator. 27th Virginia Infantry: Lt. Col., May 30, 1861, Col., October 14, 1861. Severely wounded at the first Battle of Kernstown, March 23, 1862. Mostly served in western Virginia. Fought at Cold Harbor, New Market. Post-war: Helped organize and manage the Chesapeake and Ohio Railway.
Ector, Mathew D.	Brigadier General rank: August 23, 1862 nom: September 15, 1862 conf: September 27, 1862	Georgia state legislator. Moved to Texas. Mexican-American War. Texas legislator, 1855. Texas Cavalry: Pvt., Lt. Col., May 1861. Brig. Gen. J. L. Hogg's brigade, Adjutant, May 1862. 14th Texas Cavalry, Col., July 1862. Dismounted regiment. Wounded at Chickamauga. Lost leg in Atlanta campaign at New Hope Church. Defense of Mobile. Post-war: Presiding justice of Texas court of appeals.
Elliott, Stephen Jr.	Brigadier General (special) rank, nom: May 24, 1864 conf: May 28, 1864	Planter, Parris Island, South Carolina. Fisherman, yachtsman, State legislator, militia company Capt. 11th South Carolina Infantry, Capt., June 12, 1861. Wounded at Fort Beauregard, November 7, 1861. Wounded in head, Fort Sumter, December 11, 1863. Col., April 20, 1864, Holcombe's Legion; former brigade of Brig. Gen. Nathan Evans at Petersburg. Badly wounded deploying troops at Battle of the Crater. Badly wounded at Bentonville. Fisherman. Elected to South Carolina State legislature in 1866 but died before serving, February 21, 1866, aged 35.
Elzey, Arnold	Brigadier General rank, nom: July 21, 1861 conf: August 28, 1861 Major General rank, nom: December 4, 1862 conf: April 22, 1863	USMA, 1837. Dropped last name of Jones. Seminole Wars. Mexican-American War. Resigned as Capt., 2nd Artillery, U.S. Army, April 25, 1861. 1st Maryland Infantry: Col., June 17, 1861. Wounded at Cross Keys. Severely wounded at Gaines Mill. Commanded Department of Richmond. Organized Local Defense Brigade. Transferred to Artillery, Army of Tennessee, September 8, 1864. *Chief of Artillery for Army of Tennessee for the last month of war.
Evans, Clement A.	Brigadier General rank, nom: May 19, 1864 conf: May 20, 1864	Lawyer, judge at age 22. State senator in 1859. 31st Georgia Infantry: Pvt., 1861, Maj., November 18, 1861, Col., May 13, 1862. With Army of Northern Virginia from the Peninsula campaign until Appomattox. With Jubal Early in Valley Campaigns of 1865. Wounded five times. Methodist Episcopal minister. Retired, 1892, wrote 12-volume Confederate Military History, other works. *Commander in chief of United Confederate Veterans at death. July 11, 1911, aged 78.
Evans, Nathan G. "Shanks"	Brigadier General rank, nom: October 1, 1861 conf: December 19, 1861	USMA, 1848. Resigned as Capt., U.S. Army, February 27, 1861. Major and AAG, South Carolina militia, January 1861. AAG, James Island Forces, April 1861–July 20, 1861. 4th South Carolina Infantry, Col., July 1861. Detected Union Maj. Gen. Irvin McDowell's turning movement at First Bull Run. Commanded at Ball's Bluff. Received Thanks of Confederate Congress. From early 1863 was in difficulty, not in command due, apparent intoxication, presumed incompetence. Fell from horse, April 16, 1864. *Reconfirmed June 10, 1864.
Ewell, Richard Stoddert "Baldy"	Brigadier General rank, nom: June 17, 1861 conf: August 28, 1861 Major General rank, conf: January 24, 1862 nom: January 17, 1862 Lieutenant General rank, nom: May 23, 1863 conf: February 2, 1864	USMA, 1837. Mexican-American War. Wounded by Apaches, 1859. Resigned as Capt., U.S. Army, May 7, 1861. Virginia Provisional Army, Col. of cavalry, May 9, 1861. First field officer wounded: at Battle of Fairfax Court House (June 1861). Lt. Gen. to succeed Stonewall Jackson, commander, 2nd Corps, Army of Northern Virginia. Lost leg at Second Manassas (Groveton).Commanded corps from Gettysburg to Spotsylvania. Hesitated to attack Culp's Hill and Cemetery Hill on first day at Gettysburg. In charge of defenses of Richmond, Virginia. Wounded eight times. *Captured at Sayler's Creek.

F

Name	Rank	Notes
Fagan, James F.	Brigadier General rank: September 12, 1862 nom; September 26, 1862 conf: October 3, 1862 Major General (temporary) April 25, 1864 nom: June 11, 1864 conf: June 13, 1864	Mexican-American War. One–term Arkansas legislator. 1st Arkansas Infantry: Col., May 6, 1861. 6th Arkansas Cavalry, Col., July 11, 1862. *Fought at Prairie Grove, against Camden Expedition, during Price's 1864 Missouri Raid.
Featherston, Winfield Scott "Swet"	Brigadier General rank: March 4, 1862 nom: March 5, 1862 conf: March 6, 1862	Creek War, 1837. U.S. Representative from Mississippi, March 4, 1847–March 3, 1851. CSA Infantry: Capt., May 21, 1861. 17th Mississippi Infantry: Col., June 4, 1861. Wounded at Frayser's Farm. Transferred to Vicksburg, became separated from main army and avoided capture. Finished war in Western army operations. Several terms in Mississippi legislature. Judge, 1882.
Ferguson, Samuel W.	Brigadier General rank: July 23, 1863 nom: July 28, 1863 conf: February 14, 1864	USMA, 1857. Utah War (Mormon Expedition). Resigned as 2nd Lt., U.S. Army, March 1, 1861. Served on Gen. Beauregard's staff from March 1861 until after Shiloh. 28th Mississippi Cavalry, Lt. Col., February 24, 1862. 5th South Carolina Infantry: Col., May 7, 1863. Cavalry duty in Vicksburg campaign. In Brig. General's W. H. Jackson's division in Mississippi, Georgia, and the Carolinas.
Field, Charles W.	Brigadier General rank: March 9, 1862 nom: March 11, 1862 conf: March 13, 1862 Major General nom: February 6, 1864 rank, conf: February 12, 1864	USMA, 1849. Resigned as Capt., U.S. Army, May 30, 1861. 6th Virginia Cavalry: Maj, June 1861, Lt. Col., July 1861, Col., August 1861. Brig. Gen. appt. reconfirmed March 18, 1862, transferred to infantry. Badly wounded at Second Bull Run. Superintendent of Bureau of Conscription until recovery. Led Hood's old division for remaining campaigns of Army of Northern Virginia. Wounded at the Wilderness. Army of the Khedive of Egypt. Doorkeeper of the U.S. House of Representatives.
Finegan, Joseph	Brigadier General rank, nom, conf: April 5, 1862	Born Clones, Ireland. In early 20s, emigrated to Florida, 1834. 1st Florida Battalion: Lt. Col., January 14, 1862. In charge of military affairs of State of Florida. Nominal command at Battle of Olustee. Transferred with brigade of Florida regiments to Virginia, May, 1864. Thanks of Confederate Congress for Ocean Pond, Florida. Fought at Cold Harbor, Petersburg. Returned to duty in Florida, March 20, 1865. Florida State senator for one term.
Finley, Jesse Johnson	Brigadier General rank: November 16, 1863 nom: November 18, 1863 conf: February 17, 1864	Seminole War, Capt. 1836. Served in legislatures of Arkansas and Florida. Mayor of Memphis, Tennessee. Moved to Florida in 1846. Judge in Florida, 1852. Resigned as Confederate district judge to enlist as CS Army Pvt. Capt. in same month, March 1862. 6th Florida Infantry: Col., April 14, 1862. Command of Florida Infantry in Army of Tennessee. Wounded at Resaca, Georgia. Severely wounded, incapacitated for field duty at Jonesboro. Served part of three contested terms as U.S. Representative, April 19, 1876–March 3, 1877; February 20, 1879–March 3, 1879 and March 4, 1881–June 1, 1882. *Barred from U.S. Senate on a technicality.
Floyd, John Buchanan	Brigadier General rank, nom: May 23, 1861 August 28, 1861	Lost fortune and health in Arkansas cotton business. Virginia legislator, 1847. Governor of Virginia, (January 1, 1848–January 16, 1852). Secretary of War under President James Buchanan until December 29, 1860. Indicted by D.C. Grand Jury for conspiracy and treason, January 27, 1861. Provisional Army of Virginia, Maj. Gen. Participated in West Virginia campaign. Transferred command of Fort Donelson to Brig. Gen. Gideon J. Pillow, escaped with his troops before surrender. Removed from command by President Jefferson Davis, March 11, 1862. Virginia militia, Maj. Gen., May 17, 1862–August 26, 1863, when died at Abingdon, Virginia.
Forney, John H.	Brigadier General rank March 10, 1862 nom: March 11, 1862 conf: March 13, 1862 Major General rank, nom: October 27, 1862 conf: April 22, 1863	USMA, 1852. Younger brother of Brig. Gen. William Henry Forney. Resigned as 1st Lt., U.S. Army, January 23, 1861. Colonel, CSA and Inspector General of forces near Pensacola, March 7, 1861–June 4, 1861. 10th Alabama Infantry: Col., June 4, 1861. Wounded at Dranesville, December 20, 1861. Brig. Gen. appt. reconfirmed March 18, 1862. Departmental command in Alabama and Florida. Division command at Vicksburg; captured, exchanged October 13, 1863. In Trans–Mississippi Department *In command of Maj. Gen. John G. Walker's former division.
Forney, William Henry	Brigadier General rank: February 15, 1865 nom: February 22, 1865 conf: February 23, 1865	Older brother of Maj. Gen. John H. Forney. Mexican-American War. Alabama legislator, 1859. 10th Alabama Infantry: Capt., June 4, 1861. Wounded at Dranesville, 4 times in total. Wounded, left on field at Gettysburg, captured. Prisoner for over a year, exchanged August 3, 1864. Col., led brigade in Major General Mahone's division through Appomattox. *U.S. Representative, March 4, 1875–March 3, 1893.
Forrest, Nathan Bedford	Brigadier General rank, nom: July 21, 1862 conf: September 30, 1862 Major General rank, nom: December 4, 1863 conf: January 25, 1864 Lieutenant General rank: February 28, 1865 nom, conf: March 2, 1865	Stockman, Blacksmith, Planter, Slave Trader. 7th Tennessee Cavalry: Pvt., June 14, 1861. Lt. Col., Forrest's Cavalry Battalion, October 1861. 3rd Tennessee Cavalry: Col., January 3, 1862. Led his troops out of Fort Donelson, with permission, before surrender. Brigade command, Army of Tennessee, at Shiloh. Captured Union garrison, supplies at Murfreesboro, Tennessee. Severed Union Maj. Gen. U.S. Grant's communications, December 1862. Independent command in North Mississippi and West Tennessee. Captured Fort Pillow, April 1864. Routed superior force at Brice's Crossroads, June 1864; later at Tupelo. Awarded Thanks of Congress 4 times. Served under Gen. Hood in Franklin–Nashville Campaign. Overwhelmed at Selma, Alabama, surrendered, April 1865. Wounded 9 times. Planter, railroad president. Early Ku Klux Klan leader. Died October 29, 1877, aged 56.
Frazer, John W.	Colonel Brigadier General nom or appt: May 3, 1863 rank: May 19, 1863 unconfirmed	USMA, 1849. Resigned as Capt., U.S. Army, March 15, 1861. 8th Alabama Infantry: Lt. col, June 17, 1861. Resigned March 1862; then 28th Alabama Infantry: Col., November 2, 1862. Brig. Gen. appointment unconfirmed. Opposed Union Army occupation of East Tennessee. Surrendered to Union Maj. Gen. Burnside when learned Knoxville occupied and Maj. Gen. Buckner in retreat. Captured at Cumberland Gap, Tennessee, September 10, 1863, released July 24, 1865. Moved to New York City, prospered in business. Died as result of an accident, March 31, 1906, aged 79.
French, Samuel Gibbs	Brigadier General rank, nom: October 23, 1861 conf: December 13, 1861 Major General rank: August 31, 1862 nom: October 22, 1862 conf: April 22, 1863	USMA, 1843. Mexican-American War; wounded. Wife from Mississippi. Resigned as Capt. and asst. QM, U.S. Army, May 13, 1856 to become cotton planter in Mississippi. Colonel, ordnance, Mississippi militia, February 12, 1861. Served in southern Virginia and North Carolina. Assigned to Army of Tennessee, May 18, 1864. Relieved before Nashville due to eye infection, temporary near blindness. Served and surrendered at Mobile. Moved to Georgia, 1876, Florida, 1881. *Died April 20, 1910, aged 91.
Frost, Daniel M.	Brigadier General rank: March 3, 1862 nom: March 5, 1862 conf: March 10, 1862	USMA, 1844. Mexican-American War. Wounded in head, damaged eyesight, 1852. Resigned as 1st Lt., U.S. Army, May 31, 1853. Served in Missouri Senate. Board of Visitors of USMA. Missouri militia Brig. Gen.Surrendered Camp Jackson at St. Louis to Union Brig. Gen. Nathaniel Lyon, May 10, 1861. Captured, exchanged for James A. Mulligan, November 1, 1861. Declined command of small Missouri brigade at Pea Ridge (Elkhorn Tavern) and watched battle. Served under Gen. Bragg for a few weeks, then under Maj. Gen. Hindman. Left army without resigning, went to Mexico, Cuba and Canada when wife banished from home near St. Louis. Dropped from army rolls, December 9, 1863. Returned to Missouri, 1865, died October 29, 1900, aged 77.
Fry, Birkett Davenport	Brigadier General (special) nom: May 14, 1864 rank, conf: May 24, 1864	Attended VMI; USMA. Dropped out of college to study law. Mexican-American War. Moved to California, 1849. With filibuster William Walker in Nicaragua. Cotton manufacturing in Alabama, 1859 to start of war. 13th Alabama Infantry: Col., July 19, 1861. Severely wounded at Seven Pines, Antietam and Chancellorsville. Commanded Archer's brigade at Gettysburg; wounded in Pickett's Charge, captured and exchanged April 5, 1864. At Petersburg. Commanded district in South Carolina later in war. Wounded 4 times. *Lived in Cuba until 1868.

G

Image	Name	Rank	Date, Place of Birth	Date, Place of Death	College	Notes
	Gano, Richard Montgomery	Brigadier General rank: March 17, 1865 nom, conf: March 18, 1865	June 17, 1830, Bourbon County, Kentucky	March 27, 1913, Dallas, Texas	Bacon College; Bethany College; University of Louisville Medical School	Pre-war: Doctor. Moved to Tarrant County, Texas, 1859. Military service against Indians. Stockman. Texas legislator. War: Captain, Gano's Texas Cavalry, March 1862. Major, July 4, 1862. Command of a squadron under Brig. General John Hunt Morgan. Participated in Kentucky campaign, Tullahoma campaign as Colonel, 7th Kentucky Cavalry, September 1, 1862. Transferred to Indian Territory. Thanks of Confederate Congress for Cabin Creek. Wounded in Camden campaign against Union Major General Steele. Post-war: Entered Christian Church ministry in Texas, served for over 45 years, active in United Confederate Veterans, banker.
	Gardner, Franklin	Brigadier General April 11, 1862 nom: April 12, 1862 conf: April 19, 1862 Major General rank: December 13, 1862 nom: December 20, 1862 re-nom: June 6, 1864 conf: June 10, 1864	January 29, 1823, New York, New York	April 29, 1873 Vermillionville (now Lafayette), Louisiana	USMA, 1843	Pre-war: Mexican-American War veteran. Wife was from Louisiana. Dropped as captain, U.S. Army, for abandoning post, May 7, 1861. War: Captain, AAG, September 11, 1861. Service in Tennessee, including Battle of Shiloh, and in Mississippi. With Bragg in Kentucky invasion. Major general to rank from December 13, 1862, not confirmed until June 10, 1864. In command and surrendered Port Hudson, Louisiana; captured. Exchanged in August 1864 (Eicher says possibly October 13, 1862) and assigned to duty in Mississippi. Brother and father (retired veteran and U.S. Treasury clerk until 1867) adhered to the Union. Post-war: Planter near Vermillionville (now Lafayette), Louisiana where he died.
	Gardner, William M.	Brigadier General rank, nom: November 14, 1861 conf: December 13, 1861	June 8, 1824, Augusta, Georgia	June 16, 1901, Memphis, Tennessee	USMA, 1846	Pre-war: Mexican-American War veteran; wounded. Resigned as captain, U.S. Army, January 19, 1861. War: Lieutenant colonel, May 1861, colonel, July 21, 1861, 8th Georgia Infantry. Leg shattered by a ball at Battle of First Bull Run (First Manassas). Commanded District of Middle Florida, participated in Battle of Olustee. Re-nominated brig. gen. June 6, 1864, reconfirmed June 10, 1864. Command of military prisons east of the Mississippi in 1864. Commandant of the post at Richmond, Virginia at end of the war. Post-war: lived in Augusta, Georgia, Rome, Georgia, home of a son in Memphis, Tennessee where he died.
	Garland, Samuel Jr.	Brigadier General rank: May 23, 1862 nom: September 23, 1862 conf: September 30, 1862 (posthumous)	December 16, 1830, Lynchburg, Virginia	September 14, 1862 South Mountain, Maryland Buried: Lynchburg, Virginia	VMI, 1849; University of Virginia Law School, 1851	Pre-war: Lawyer, organized and captain of Lynchburg Home Guard militia. War: Captain, April 24, 1861, colonel, July 1861, 11th Virginia Infantry. Battles: First Manassas, Dranesville, Williambsburg (wounded). Further battles: Seven Pines, Seven Days' Battles, Second Manassas campaign. On September 14, 1862, Garland's brigade resisted Army of the Potomac advance at Fox's Gap, South Mountain, Maryland, where Garland was killed in action. Posthumous confirmation of May 23, 1862 brigadier general appointment.
	Garnett, Richard B.	Brigadier General rank, nom: November 14, 1861 conf: December 13, 1861	November 21, 1817, Essex County, Virginia	July 3, 1863, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania	USMA, 1841	Pre-war: Seminole Wars (Florida Wars) veteran. No active service in Mexican-American War. Resigned as captain, U.S. Army, May 17, 1861. War: Major, ACSA Artillery, May 1861. Lieutenant colonel, Georgia Legion, August 31, 1861. Battles: Kernstown, South Mountain, Antietam (Sharpsburg). Arrested, probably unfairly, by Stonewall Jackson for neglect of duty; court martial never concluded. Killed at Battle of Gettysburg, July 3, 1863 in Pickett's Charge. Cousin of Brigadier General Robert S. Garnett. Location of grave unknown.
File:Richard B. Garnett (maybe).jpg	Garnett, Robert S.	Brigadier General rank, nom: June 6, 1861 conf: August 28, 1861 (posthumous)	December 16, 1819, Essex County, Virginia	July 13, 1861 Corrick's Ford, West Virginia Buried: Brooklyn, New York	USMA, 1841	Pre-war: Mexican-American War veteran. Commandant of cadets at West Point, November 1, 1852–July 31, 1854. Resigned as major, U.S. Army, April 30, 1861. War: Colonel,, Virginia Provisional Army. Brigadier general appointment of June 6, 1861 confirmed posthumously. In command in northwestern Virginia, June 8, 1861. Retreated after Battle of Rich Mountain, Laurel Hill. Killed at Battle of Corrick's Ford, (West) Virginia, on the Cheat River, July 13, 1861. First general killed in Civil War, before Battle of First Bull Run (First Manassas). Cousin of Brigadier General Richard B. Garnett.
	Garrott, Isham Warren	Colonel Brigadier General rank: May 28, 1863 commission received after died	1816 in Wake or Anson County, North Carolina	June 17, 1863, Vicksburg, Mississippi	University of North Carolina, 1840	Pre-war: Studied law, moved to Marion, Alabama. State legislator, 1845, 1847. War: Lieutenant colonel, September 16, 1861, colonel, October 8, 1861, 20th Alabama Infantry. At Mobile in 1861 and 1862. Resisted Grant at Port Gibson, Baker's Creek. Killed on the skirmish line at Vicksburg, June 17, 1863, while firing a borrowed rifle. Commission as brigadier general to rank from May 28, 1863 received at headquarters after his death.
	Gartrell, Lucius Jeremiah	Brigadier General rank: August 22, 1864 nom: August 23, 1864 conf: January 17, 1865	January 7, 1821, Wilkes County, Georgia	April 7, 1891, Atlanta, Georgia	Randolph–Macon College; Franklin College (University of Georgia)	Pre-war: Lawyer, planter, State legislator. U.S. Representative from Georgia, March 4, 1857–withdrew January 23, 1861. War: Colonel, 7th Georgia Infantry, May 31, 1861. Battle of First Bull Run (First Manassas). Confederate Congressman, February 18, 1862–Frebruary 17, 1864. Opposed Sherman in South Carolina with Georgia reserves regiments, wounded at Coosawhatchie. Post-war: Lawyer, member of 1877 state constitutional convention.
	Gary, Martin Witherspoon "Bald Eagle", "Mart"	Brigadier General rank: May 19, 1864 nom: June 13, 1864 conf: June 14, 1864	March 25, 1831, Cokesbury, South Carolina	April 9, 1881, Edgefield County, South Carolina Buried: Cokesbury, South Carolina	Harvard College, 1854	Pre-war: Expelled from South Carolina College (University of South Carolina), 1854. Lawyer, South Carolina legislator. War: Captain, June 12, 1861, lieutenant colonel, June 16, 1862, colonel, August 25, 1862, in Hampton's Legion. Commanded at Battle of First Bull Run (First Manassas) after Hampton wounded, Johnson killed. Colonel of Hampton's Legion through most of the war. Escaped from Appomattox Court House and helped escort President Jefferson Davis and cabinet south. Last meeting of cabinet at his mother's home in Cokesbury, South Carolina. Post-war: Politician, served 4 years in South Carolina Senate. Defeated twice for U.S. Senate.
	Gatlin, Richard C.	Brigadier General rank: July 8, 1861 nom: August 13, 1861 conf: August 16, 1861	January 18, 1809, Lenoir County, North Carolina	September 8, 1896, Mount Nebo, Yell County, Arkansas Buried: Fort Smith, Arkansas	University of North Carolina; USMA, 1832	Pre-war: Mexican-American War veteran, wounded. Resigned as major, U.S. Army, May 29, 1861. War: Major general and AG of North Carolina militia, September 1862–April 26, 1865. Department of North Carolina. Criticized for loss of Fort Hatteras, New Bern. Relieved of command March 19, 1862. Resigned Confederate commission September 8, 1862, but remained as state AG until the end of the war. Post-war: Farmer, Sebastian County, Arkansas.
	Gholson, Samuel J.	Brigadier General rank: May 6, 1864 nom: May 25, 1864 conf: June 1, 1864	May 19, 1808, Madison County, Kentucky	October 16, 1883, Aberdeen, Mississippi		Pre-war: Moved to Alabama as a boy. Lawyer, moved to Mississippi. State legislator 3 times, U.S. Representative from Mississippi, part of two terms. U.S. District Judge, 1839–1861. War: Enlisted as a private, 14th Mississippi Infantry, January 1861, captain May 1861, colonel, October 1861. Wounded and captured at Fort Donelson; exchanged August 15, 1862. Fought at Iuka, Second Corinth (wounded). Cavalry brigade commander under Forrest in Alabama, Mississippi, east Louisiana. Wounded at Jackson, Mississippi, June 6, 1864. Lost arm and captured at Egypt, Mississippi, December 28, 1864. Post-war: Served in state legislator between 1865 and 1867, elected again in 1878.
	Gibson, Randall Lee	Brigadier General (special) rank: January 11, 1864 nom: January 28, 1864 conf: February 1, 1864	September 30, 1832, near Versailles, Kentucky	December 15, 1892, Hot Springs, Arkansas Buried: Lexington, Kentucky	Yale University, 1853; University of Louisiana Law School, 1855 (Tulane)	Pre-war: Raised in Terrebone Parish, Louisiana. Studied law, then abroad for several years. U.S. attache, Madrid, Spain. Planter. War: ADC to Louisiana Governor Moore. Captain, 1st Louisiana Artillery, May 8, 1861. Colonel, November 30, 1862, 13th and 20th Louisiana Infantry. At Shiloh, Kentucky campaign, Chickamauga. Fought in Atlanta campaign, Franklin–Nashville campaign and in defense of Spanish Fort, Alabama, near Mobile. Captured at Cuba Station, Alabama, May 8, 1865. Post-war: Practiced law in New Orleans. Congress refused to seat him in 1872. U.S. Representative from Louisiana, March 4, 1874–March 3, 1882. U.S. Senator from Louisiana, March 3, 1883–December 15, 1892.
	Gilmer, Jeremy Francis	Colonel Major General rank August 25, 1863 never confirmed	February 23, 1818, Guilford County, North Carolina	December 1, 1883, Savannah, Georgia	USMA, 1839	Pre-war: Resigned as captain, U.S. Army, June 29, 1861. War: Lieutenant colonel of engineers, March 16, 1861. Engineer, Department No. Two, September 30, 1861. Captured at Fort Henry but escaped the same day. Chief engineer for General Albert Sidney Johnston. Wounded at Battle of Shiloh. Promoted to Regular Army (ACSA) colonel of engineers, October 4, 1862. Chief engineer of Department of Northern Virginia. Laid out defenses of Charleston, South Carolina and Atlanta, Georgia. Post-war: President of Savannah Gas Light Company, 1867–1883.
	Girardey, Victor J. B.	Brigadier General (temporary) rank: July 30, 1864 commissioned: August 3, 1864 unconfirmed?	June 26, 1837, Lauw, France	August 16, 1864, Fussell's Mill Virginia Buried: Augusta, Georgia		Pre-war: Family emigrated to United States when he was five years old. Married Louisiana woman of French descent. War: Second lieutenant, 1st Louisiana Infantry Battalion, April 16, 1861. First lieutenant and ADC from Louisiana, October 12, 1861. Captain and AAG for Major General Ambrose R. Wright during Seven Days' Battles until May 21, 1864; then on staff of Major General William Mahone. Promoted four grades to brigadier general with temporary rank from July 30, 1864 for organization of defense of the Crater at Petersburg. Eicher says not confirmed. Warner says received commission August 3, 1864. Killed in action August 16, 1864 in command of brigade at Fussell's Mill on Darbytown Road.
	Gist, States Rights	Brigadier General nom: March 19, 1862 rank, conf: May 20, 1862	September 3, 1831, Union District, South Carolina	November 30, 1864, Franklin, Tennessee Buried: Columbia South Carolina	South Carolina College (University of South Carolina), 1852; Harvard Law School, 1854	Pre-war: Lawyer. Brigadier general of state militia, 1859. War: Colonel and aide to Brigadier General Barnard Bee at Battle of First Bull Run (First Manassas), succeeded to command when Bee was killed; himself wounded. With General Joseph E. Johnston in attempt to relieve Siege of Vicksburg. In Army of Tennessee battles: Battle of Chickamauga, Battle of Chattanooga, Atlanta campaign. Wounded in hand at Atlanta, July 22, 1864. Mortally wounded at Battle of Franklin, Tennessee, died at field hospital, November 30, 1864.
	Gladden, Adley H.	Brigadier General rank, nom: September 30, 1861 conf: December 13, 1861	October 28, 1810, Fairfield District, South Carolina	April 12, 1862, Corinth, Mississippi; Buried: Mobile, Alabama		Pre-war: Served in one of the Seminole Wars. Major and lieutenant colonel of Palmetto Regiment in Mexican-American War; severely wounded at the Battle of Belen Gate. Postmaster of Columbia, South Carolina. War: Lieutenant colonel of 1st South Carolina regiment but resigned to become secession convention delegate. Colonel, February 21, 1861, 1st Louisiana Infantry Regiment. Mortally wounded by a shell at the Battle of Shiloh, died 6 days later.
	Godwin, Archibald C.	Colonel Brigadier General rank: August 5, 1864 unconfirmed	1831 Nansemond County, Virginia	September 19, 1864, Winchester, Virginia		Pre-war: Successful miner and rancher in California. Returned to Virginia, 1861. War: Major and assistant provost marshal in charge of prisons in Richmond, including Libby Prison. Constructed and organized prison at Salisbury, North Carolina, Colonel, 57th North Carolina Infantry July 17, 1862. At Battles of Fredericksburg, Second Fredericksburg (Chancellorsville)(wounded), Gettysburg. Captured at Rappahannock Bridge (Raccoon Ford), November 7, 1863. Exchanged May 1864. Eicher, 2001, says brigadier general appointment unconfirmed. In Shenandoah Valley campaign of 1864. Killed in action at Third Battle of Winchester (Battle of Opequon), September 19, 1864.
	Goggin, James M.	Colonel Brigadier General rank: December 4, 1864 cancelled	October 23, 1820, Bedford County, Virginia	October 10, 1889, Austin, Texas	USMA, did not graduate	Pre-war: Served in army of Republic of Texas. Established mail routes in California in 1848. Cotton broker at Memphis. War: Major, July 1, 1861, 32nd Virginia Infantry. In Peninsula campaign. Transferred to staff of Major Generals McLaws and Kershaw. Commanded Brigadier General James Conner's brigade at Battle of Cedar Creek. Brigadier general appointment to rank from December 4, 1864 was cancelled and he returned to Kershaw's staff. Captured at Sayler's Creek, April 6, 1865. Post-war: Moved to Texas.
	Gordon, George Washington	Brigadier General (temporary) rank: August 15, 1864 nom: August 16, 1864 conf: February 20, 1865	October 5, 1836, Giles County, Tennessee	August 9, 1911, Memphis Tennessee	Western Military Institute, Nashville, 1859	Pre-war: Surveyor. War: First lieutenant, drillmaster, May 1861, captain, July 1861, lieutenant colonel, May 27, 1862, 11th Tennessee Infantry. Captured at Tazewell, Tennessee and exchanged in November 1862; colonel, December 1862. Wounded and captured at Stones River (Murfreesboro). Exchanged 1863. Fought at Chickamauga, Chattanooga, Atlanta campaign. Led Vaughn's Brigade, under Major General John C. Brown, at the Battle of Franklin (November 30, 1864), where he was wounded and captured. Remained prisoner until end of the war, paroled July 24, 1865. Post-war: Cumberland University. Planter. Lawyer at Memphis, Tennessee; held a number of city, state and national administrative offices. Member of U.S. House of Representatives, March 4, 1907–August 9, 1911, when he died at Memphis. Commander of United Confederate Veterans, 1910.
	Gordon, James Byron	Brigadier General rank: September 28, 1863 nom: September 29, 1863 conf: February 17, 1864	November 2, 1822, Wilkesboro, North Carolina	May 18, 1864, Richmond, Virginia Buried: Wilkesboro, North Carolina	Emory and Henry College	Pre-war: Mercantile business, farmer, North Carolina legislator, 1850. War: Private, Wilkes Valley Guards. First lieutenant, 1st North Carolina Infantry, April 1861. Captain, May 8, 1861, major, May 16, 1861, 9th North Carolina Cavalry. Colonel, aaaaaaajuly 23, 1863, 1st North Carolina Cavalry. Fought in all engagements of Hampton's Brigade. Battles: Bethesda Church, Dumfries, Buckland Mills. Wounded at Auburn, Virginia, October 14, 1863. Confronted Grant's crossing of the Rapidan River. Mortally wounded at Meadow Bridge, May 12, 1864, the day after the Battle of Yellow Tavern.
	Gordon, John Brown	Brigadier General rank: May 7, 1863 nom: MAy 11, 1863 conf: January 25, 1864 Major General rank, nom, conf: May 14, 1864	February 6, 1832, Upson County, Georgia	January 9, 1904, Miami, Florida; Buried: Atlanta, Georgia	Franklin College: (University of Georgia)	Pre-war: Trained in law, newspaper reporter, developing coal mines at outbreak of war. War: Began as captain, April 15, 1861, major, May 14, 1861, lieutenant colonel, December 26, 1861, colonel, April 28, 1862, 6th Alabama Infantry. Severely wounded at Battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg). Earlier brigadier general nomination November 1, 1862 to rank from that date not confirmed by Confederate Senate. Battle of the Wilderness; Valley Campaigns of 1864. Siege of Petersburg, in charge of one-half of infantry in Appomattox Campaign. Post-war: Georgia Pacific Railroad construction engineer. United States Senator from Georgia, March 4, 1873–May 26, 1880; March 4, 1891–March 3, 1897. Governor of Georgia, 1886–1890. First commander of United Confederate Veterans. Reminiscences described as "highly imaginative" by Eicher.
	Gorgas, Josiah	Brigadier General (special) rank: November 10, 1864 nom: November 15, 1864 conf: November 19, 1864	July 1, 1818, Running Pumps, Dauphin County, Pennsylvania	May 15, 1883, Tuscaloosa, Alabama	USMA, 1841	Pre-war: Married daughter of ex-Governor Gayle of Alabama. Resigned as captain, U.S. Army, April 3, 1861. War: Major, Chief of ordnance of Confederate States, 1861–1865. Kept armies supplied with arms and ammunition. Helped attempt to break Union blockade, ran five blockade runners for ordnance department. Post-war: Superintendent of Brierfield Iron Works in Alabama. Moved to Tennessee, 1868. Vice Chancellor of University of the South, 1868–1878. President, University of Alabama, 1878–1879; librarian, University of Alabama, 1879–1883.
	Govan, Daniel C.	Brigadier General rank: December 29, 1863 nom: January 9, 1864 conf: February 5, 1864	July 4, 1829, Northampton County, North Carolina	March 12, 1911, Memphis, Tennessee Buried: Holly Springs, Mississippi	South Carolina College (University of South Carolina)	Pre-war: Raised in Mississippi. Joined California gold rush in 1849. Returned to Mississippi in 1852, planter. Moved to Arkansas, 1861. Captain, Arkansas militia, May 1861. War: Lieutenant colonel, June 5, 1861, colonel, January 28, 1862, 2nd Arkansas Infantry. In all campaigns of western Confederate army. Captured at Battle of Jonesboro in Atlanta campaign, September 1, 1864. Exchanged for George Stoneman, October 2, 1864. Wounded in the throat at Nashville. Surrendered with General Joseph E. Johnston in North Carolina. Post-war: Lived in Arkansas until 1894, then Indian agent in State of Washington, 1894–1898. Moved to Tennessee, 1898.
	Gracie, Archibald Jr.	Brigadier General rank, nom: November 4, 1862 conf: April 22, 1863	December 31, 1832, New York, New York	December 2, 1864, Petersburg, Virginia Buried: New York, New York.	Heidelberg University (Baden); USMA, 1854	Pre:war: Resigned as second lieutenant, U.S. Army, May 3, 1856, became merchant at Mobile, married Josephine Mayo of Richmond. Captain of a Mobile militia company. War: Captain, April 18, 1861, 3rd Alabama Infantry. Major, July 12, 1861, 11th Alabama Infantry. Colonel, May 15, 1862, 43rd Alabama Infantry. In East Tennessee, Kentucky campaign, Chickamauga. Severely wounded at Bean's Station, Tennessee. Served with General Beauregard in Virginia in May 1864. Killed by a shell December 2, 1864, at the Siege of Petersburg. Other family members adhered to the Union.
	Granbury, Hiram B.	Brigadier General (special) rank: February 29, 1864 nom: March 5, 1864 conf: May 11, 1864	March 1, 1831, Copiah County, Mississippi	November 30, 1864, Franklin Tennessee Buried: Granbury, Texas	Oakland College, Rodney, Mississippi	Pre-war: Studied law, went to Texas, chief justice (chairman of county supervisors) of McLennan County, 1856–1858. Recruited Waco Guards. War: Captain, May 1861, major, November 1861, 7th Texas Infantry. Captured at Battle of Fort Donelson, February 16, 1862, and exchanged August 15, 1862. Colonel of 7th Texas Infantry, August 29, 1862. Battle of Chickamauga (wounded), Battle of Chattanooga. Atlanta Campaign. Killed in action at the Battle of Franklin, November 30, 1864. Remains removed 29 years later to Granbury, Texas.
	Gray, Henry	Brigadier General rank: March 17, 1865 nom, conf: March 18, 1865	January 19, 1816, Laurens District, South Carolina	December 11, 1892, Coushatta, Louisiana	South Carolina College (University of South Carolina), 1834.	Pre-war: District attorney in Winston County, Mississippi. State legislator for one term. Moved to Louisiana in 1851. Planter. Louisiana legislator, 1860. War: Enlisted as a private but organized 28th Louisiana Infantry at request of President Davis and was elected colonel, May 2, 1862. Wounded at Bayou Teche. Led regiment in Red River campaign, Battles of Mansfield, Pleasant Hill. At times in brigade command. Original nomination of April 8, 1864 not confirmed. Elected as Confederate Congressman from North Carolina without his knowledge.(Eicher says: Representative from Louisiana, December 28, 1864–March 17, 1865.). Post-war: Lawyer; one term in Louisiana Senate.
	Grayson, John B.	Brigadier General nom: August 13, 1861 nom: August 15, 1861 conf: August 16, 1861	October 18, 1806, Fayette County, Kentucky	October 21, 1861, Tallahassee, Florida. Buried: New Orleans.	USMA, 1826	Pre-war: Seminole Wars, Mexican-American War veteran. Resigned as major and commissary of subsistence, July 1, 1861. Brigadier general, North Carolina militia, 1861. War: Assigned to Department of Middle and Eastern Florida. Died from disease of the lungs (tuberculosis and pneumonia).
	Green, Martin E.	Brigadier General rank, nom: July 23, 1862 conf: September 30, 1862	June 3, 1815, Fauquier County, Virginia	June 27, 1863 Vicksburg Mississippi		Pre-war: With brothers, established sawmill in Missouri, 1836. War: Organized and elected colonel, July 1861, of Missouri cavalry command under Maj. General Sterling Price. Brigadier general, Missouri State Guard, December 2, 1861. Colonel, CSA, April 1862. Present at capture of Lexington, Missouri, Pea Ridge (Elkhorn Tavern), Iuka, Second Corinth. Opposed Grant at Port Hudson, Siege of Vicksburg. Wounded at Vicksburg, June 25, 1863; killed while looking over the parapet at Vicksburg, June 27, 1863.
	Green, Thomas	Brigadier General rank: May 20, 1863 nom: May 23, 1863 conf: January 25, 1864	January 8, 1814, Amelia County, Virginia	April 12, 1864, Blair's Landing Louisiana Buried: Austin, Texas	University of Nashville	Pre-war: Lawyer. Fought at Battle of San Jacinto in Texas War of Independence. Mexican-American War veteran. Clerk of the Texas Supreme Court, 1841–1861. War: Colonel, 5th Texas Cavalry, August 20, 1861. In New Mexico campaign, Battle of Valverde. Fought at Galveston, January 1863, received Thanks of Confederate Congress. Lt. General Richard Taylor suggested promotion to major general since Green was commanding a cavalry division; no action on request. In Red River campaign, Battles of Mansfield, Pleasant Hill. Killed by a shell from a Union gunboat on April 12, 1864 at Blair's Landing, Louisiana.
	Greer, Elkanah	Brigadier General nom: October 4, 1862 rank, conf: October 8, 1865	October 11, 1825, Paris, Tennessee	March 25, 1877, DeVall's Bluff, Arkansas Buried: Memphis, Tennessee		Pre-war: Moved to Mississippi as young man. Mexican-American War veteran. Planter, merchant at Marshall, Texas, 1848. Commander of Knights of the Golden Circle, 1859. War: Colonel, 3rd Texas Cavalry, July 1, 1861. Battles: Wilson's Creek, Pea Ridge (Elkhorn Tavern)(wounded). Chief of bureau of conscription in Trans–Mississippi Department, October 8, 1862–May 26, 1865. Commanded reserve forces of department during 1864 operations and March–May, 1865. Post-war: Died on visit to sister in Arkansas.
	Gregg, John	Brigadier General rank: August 29, 1862 nom: September 15, 1862 conf: September 27, 1862	September 28, 1828, Lawrence County, Alabama	October 7, 1864, Richmond, Virginia Buried: Aberdeen, Mississippi	LaGrange College, 1847	Pre-war: Moved to Texas in 1852. Lawyer, judge, member of Texas secession convention. Resigned from Provisional Confederate Congress in 1861. War: Colonel, 7th Texas Infantry, September 1861. Captured at Fort Donelson, exchanged August 15, 1862. Hood's division. Severely wounded at Battle of Chickamauga. Fought in Overland Campaign. Wounded at the Wilderness. Killed in action at the Battle of Darbytown and New Market Roads, October 7, 1864.
	Gregg, Maxcy	Brigadier General rank, nom: December 14, 1861 conf: December 24, 1861	August 1, 1814, Columbia, South Carolina	December 15, 1862, Fredericksburg, Virginia Buried: Columbia, South Carolina.	South Carolina College (University of South Carolina)	Pre-war: Lawyer. Language teacher. Amateur astronomer, botanist, ornithologist. Mexican-American War veteran: Major, 12th U.S. Infantry; discharged July 25, 1848. Colonel, 1st South Carolina Volunteer Infantry, January 25, 1861. War: Colonel, 1st South Carolina Infantry, July 25, 1861. At Battle of Fort Sumter. A. P. Hill's division. Peninsula Campaign; Battles of Cedar Mountain, Second Manassas, Harper's Ferry and Antietam (wounded). Mortally wounded at the Battle of Fredericksburg.
	Griffith, Richard	Brigadier General rank, nom: November 2, 1861 conf: December 13, 1861	January 11, 1814, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania	June 29, 1862, Richmond, Virginia Buried: Jackson, Mississippi	Ohio University, 1837	Pre-war: Moved to Vicksburg, Mississippi, 1837. Teacher. Mexican-American War veteran. Banker at Jackson, Mississippi. U.S. Marshal. State treasurer, 2 terms. Brig. gen. Mississippi Militia. War: Colonel, 12th Mississippi Infantry, May 23, 1861. Brigade command at Seven Days' Battles. Mortally wounded June 29, 1862 at Battle of Savage's Station, died the same day in Richmond.
	Grimes, Bryan	Brigadier General rank: May 19, 1864 nom: May 28, 1864 conf: June 1, 1864 Major General rank: February 15, 1865 nom: February 22, 1865 conf: February 23, 1865	November 2, 1828, Pitt County, North Carolina	August 14, 1880, Pitt County, North Carolina	University of North Carolina	Pre-war: Planter. Member of state secession convention. War: Major, May 16, 1861, lieutenant colonel, May 1, 1862, colonel, June 19, 1862, 4th North Carolina Infantry. Took part in all battles of Army of Northern Virginia except when wounded; wounded 4 times. Last Army of Northern Virginia major general commissioned, February 15, 1865, confirmed February 23, 1865. Commanded one of last attacks at Battle of Appomattox Court House. Post-war: Planter. Murdered by William Parker, August 14, 1880, a hired assassin for persons Grimes had been trying to expel from the country as undesirables.

H

Name	Rank	Date, Place of Birth	Date, Place of Death	Notes
Hagood, Johnson	Brigadier General rank, nom: July 21, 1862 conf: September 30, 1862	February 21, 1829, Barnwell, South Carolina	January 4, 1898, Barnwell, South Carolina	South Carolina Military Academy (The Citadel), 1847	Pre-war: Lawyer, South CArolina militia brigadier general. Colonel, 1st South Carolina Volunteers, January 27, 1861. War: Fort Sumter, Battle of First Bull Run. Fought Union Major General Benjamin Butler at Walthall's Junction in May 1864, then engaged at Battles of Drewry's Bluff, Cold Harbor. At Petersburg until December 1864, then ordered to relief of Fort Fisher. Concluded war with General Joseph E. Johnston's force in the Carolinas. Post-war: Comptroller general of South Carolina, 1876–1880. Governor of South Carolina, November 30, 1880–December 5, 1882.
Hampton, Wade	Brigadier General rank, nom: May 23, 1862 conf: September 30, 1862 Major General rank:August 3, 1863 nom: September 3, 1863 conf: January 25, 1864 Lieutenant General rank, nom: February 14, 1865 conf: February 15, 1865	March 28, 1818, Charleston, South Carolina	April 11, 1902, Columbia, South Carolina	South Carolina College (University of South Carolina), 1836	Pre-war: South Carolina planter, lawyer and legislator. War: Organized and equipped Hampton's Legion, Colonel, July 12, 1861. Battle of First Bull Run (head wound); Peninsula Campaign (wounded in foot at Seven Pines). Brigade commander under Major General Jeb Stuart. Wounded at Brandy Station. Severely wounded, twice, at Battle of Gettysburg. Succeeded to command of cavalry corps after Stuart's death at Battle of Yellow Tavern. Overland Campaign. Siege of Petersburg until January 1865, then with part of force under Gen. Joseph E. Johnston in the Carolinas Campaign. Thanks of Congress for Carolinas campaign. Post-war: Governor of South Carolina, December 14, 1876–February 26, 1879; U.S. Senator from South Carolina March 4, 1879–March 3, 1891. U.S. Railroad Commissioner, 1893–1897.
Hanson, Roger W. "Flintlock", "Bench Leg"	Brigadier General rank: December 13, 1862 nom: December 20, 1862 conf: April 22, 1863 (posthumous)	August 27, 1827, Clark County, Kentucky	January 4, 1863, Murfreesboro, Tennessee Buried: Lexington, Kentucky		Pre-war: Mexican-American War veteran. Lawyer, Kentucky legislator, 1853–1857. War: Colonel, Kentucky State Guard, August 19, 1861. Colonel, 2nd Kentucky Infantry, September 3, 1861. Captured at Fort Donelson. Exchanged for Michael Corcoran, August 15, 1862. Mortally wounded in a charge at the Battle of Murfreesboro (Stones River), January 2, 1863 and died two days later near the battlefield.
Hardee, William Joseph "Reliable"	Brigadier General rank, nom: June 17, 1861 conf: August 28, 1861 Major General rank, nom: October 7, 1861 conf: December 13, 1861 Lieutenant General rank, nom: October 10, 1862 conf: October 13, 1862	October 12, 1815, Camden County, Georgia	November 6, 1873 Wytheville, Virginia Buried: Selma, Alabama	USMA, 1838	Pre-war: USMA, 1838. Mexican-American War veteran, captured and exchanged, wounded. Published a standard textbook on infantry tactics. Commandant of USMA, July 22, 1856–September 8, 1860. Resigned as lieutenant colonel, U.S. Army, January 31, 1861. War: Colonel ACSA Cavalry, March 16, 1861. Assigned to Forts Morgan and Gaines. Fought at Battle of Shiloh (wounded), Battle of Murfreesboro (Stones River). Fought at Battle of Chattanooga. Atlanta Campaign. Opposed Union Major General W. T. Sherman in Georgia and Alabama. Surrendered with General Joseph E. Johnston. Post-war: President, Selma and Meridian Railroad. Planter at Selma, Alabama. Died while on a trip at Wytheville, Virginia.
Hardeman, William Polk "Gotch"	Brigadier General rank: March 17, 1865 nom, conf: March 18, 1865	November 4, 1816, Williamson County, Tennessee	April 8, 1898, Austin, Texas		Pre-war: Fought in Texas War of Independence, Mexican-American War. War: Captain, May 1861, lieutenant colonel, March 28, 1862, colonel, January 1863, 4th Texas Cavalry. With Sibley in New Mexico expedition, Battle of Valverde. Colonel, late 1862. Fought in Red River campaign, Battles of Mansfield, Pleasant Hill. Post-war: Fled to Mexico, returned to Texas, planter, assistant sergeant–at–arms of state senate, inspector of railroads, superintendent of public buildings and grounds.
Harris, Nathaniel H.	Brigadier General rank: January 20, 1864 nom: February 8, 1864 conf: February 17, 1864	August 22, 1834, Natchez, Mississippi	August 23, 1900, Malvern, England Buried: Brooklyn, New York	University of Louisiana; (Tulane University)	Pre-war: Lawyer. War: Captain, June 1, 1861, lieutenant colonel, November 24, 1862, colonel, May 5, 1863, 19th Mississippi Infantry. Battles and campaigns of Army of Northern Virginia. Fought in Overland Campaign, Siege of Petersburg. Wounded at Frayser's Farm, Second Battle of Bull Run. Paroled at Appomattox Court House. Post-war: Lawyer, President of Mississippi Valley & Ship Island Railroad. Register of U.S. Land Office at Aberdeen South Dakota. After 1890, moved to California. Died August 23, 1900 in Malvern, England while on business. Ashes were buried at Brooklyn, New York.
Harrison, James E.	Brigadier General rank: December 22, 1864 nom: December 29, 1864 conf: January 6, 1865	April 23, 1815, Greenville District, South Carolina.	February 23, 1875, Waco, Texas		Pre-war: Brother of Brig. Gen. Thomas Harrison. Moved to Mississippi. Two-term state senator. Moved to Texas in 1857. Member of secession convention. War: Entered service as major 1st Texas Infantry, 1861. Lieutenant colonel, May 1862, 15th Texas Infantry. Colonel, CSA, 1864. Almost entire service in minor operations west of the Mississippi River. In Louisiana campaigns in 1863 and 1864. Post-war: Local affairs at Waco, Texas, trustee of Baylor University.
Harrison, Thomas "Ironsides"	Brigadier General (temporary) rank: January 14, 1865 nom: February 6, 1865 conf: February 18, 1865	May 1, 1823, Jefferson County, Alabama	July 14, 1891, Waco, Texas		Pre-war: Raised in Monroe County, Mississippi. Brother of Brig. Gen. James E. Harrison. Studied law in Brazoria County, Texas. Mexican-American War veteran. Texas legislator from Harris County. Settled in Waco. Captain of volunteer militia company; became part of 8th Texas Cavalry. May 18, 1861. War: Major, September 7, 1861, lieutenant colonel, 1862, colonel, November 18, 1862. Colonel before Battle of Murfreesboro (Stones River). Battles: Chickamauga, Atlanta campaign, Carolinas campaign. Wounded at Monroe's Crossroads. Post-War: District judge.
Hatton, Robert Hopkins	Colonel Brigadier General not confirmed: died	November 2, 1826, Steubenville or Youngstown, Ohio	May 31, 1862, Fair Oaks Station, Virginia Buried: Lebanon, Tennessee	Cumberland University, Lebanon Tennessee, 1847; Harvard University	Pre-war: Lawyer, 1850. Tennessee legislator, 1855–1857. U.S. Representative, 1859–1861. War: Captain, May 7, 1861, colonel, May 26, 1861, 17th Tennessee Infantry. Fought at Cheat Mountain and under Stonewall Jackson the next winter. Killed in action May 31, 1862 at Fair Oaks Station during the Battle of Seven Pines.
Hawes, James Morrison	Brigadier General rank: March 5, 1862 nom: March 11, 1862 conf: March 13, 1862	January 7, 1824, Lexington, Kentucky	November 22, 1889, Covington, Kentucky Buried: Fort Mitchell, Kentucky	USMA, 1845	Pre-war: Mexican-American War veteran. Resigned as captain, U.S. Army, May 9, 1861. War: Colonel, 2nd Kentucky Cavalry, June 26, 1861. Brigadier general re-confirmed March 18, 1862. Command of cavalry in Western Department. Relieved after Shiloh at own request. Commanded a brigade under Breckenridge and later under Holmes in the Vicksburg campaign. In charge of Galveston fortifications, 1864. Post-war: Hardware business, Covington, Kentucky.
Hawthorn, Alexander T.	Brigadier General rank: February 18, 1864 nom: February 23, 1864 conf: May 11, 1864	January 10, 1825, near Evergreen, Conecuh County, Alabama	May 31, 1899, Dallas, Texas Buried: Marshall, Texas	Mercer University; Yale University Law School, 1847	Pre-war: Lawyer at Camden, Arkansas. Mexican-American War veteran. War: Lieutenant colonel, June 7, 1861, colonel, October 15, 1861, 6th Arkansas Infantry. Battles: Shiloh, Fort Hindman, Helena, Arkansas, Jenkins' Ferry. Post-war: Fled to Mexico, emigrated to Brazil, returned to Georgia in 1874, in business in Atlanta, Baptist minister in 1880 and moved to Texas.
Hays, Harry T.	Brigadier General rank, nom: July 25, 1862 conf: September 30, 1862	April 14, 1820, Wilson County, Tennessee	August 21, 1876, New Orleans, Louisiana	St. Mary's College, Baltimore, Maryland	Pre-war: Raised in Mississippi. Lawyer and politician in New Orleans. Mexican-American War veteran. War: Colonel, June 5, 1861, 7th Louisiana Infantry. Battles: First Bull Run (First Manassas), Jackson's Valley Campaign including Port Republic (wounded). Further battles: Antietam (Sharpsburg), Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, Wilderness, Spotsylvania (severely wounded). Upon recovery assigned to Trans–Mississippi. Assigned to duty as major general by General E. Kirby Smith in May 1865 but not officially promoted. Post-war: Sheriff, 1866, Lawyer. Died from Bright's disease.
Hébert, Louis	Brigadier General rank, nom: May 26, 1862 conf: September 30, 1862	March 13, 1820, Iberville Parish, Louisiana	January 7, 1901, Breaux Bridge, St. Martin Parish, Louisiana	Jefferson College; USMA, 1845	Pre-war: First cousin of Brig. Gen. Paul Octave Hebert. Resigned in 1845 to take charge of father's sugar business; planter. Militia officer, State senator, chief engineer of Louisiana. Colonel, 1st Louisiana Heavy Artillery, February 5, 1861. War: Colonel, May 11, 1861, 3rd Louisiana Infantry. Fought at Wilson's Creek. Wounded and captured at Battle of Pea Ridge (Elkhorn Tavern), March 7, 1862, exchanged, March 20, 1862. Battles: Iuka, Second Corinth, Siege of Vicksburg, captured July 4, 1863, exchanged October 13, 1863. Then in charge of artillery at Fort Fisher, North Carolina until end of war. Post-war: newspaper editor, teacher.
Hébert, Paul Octave	Brigadier General nom: August 16, 1861 rank, conf: August 17, 1861	December 12, 1818, Iberville Parish, Louisiana	August 29, 1880 New Orleans, Louisiana Buried: Bayou Goula, Louisiana	Jefferson College, USMA, 1836	Pre-war: First cousin of Brig. Gen. Louis Hebert. First in class at USMA. Resigned from U.S. Army in 1845 but served in Mexican-American War. Governor of Louisiana, January 22, 1853–January 30, 1856. War: Colonel, 1st Louisiana Artillery, February 5, 1861. Engineer, Department No. Two, February 19, 1861. Department of Texas, August 14, 1861–May 26, 1862. Brigadier general, re-nominated February 10, 1864, re-confirmed June 6, 1864. Commanded in Louisiana and Texas. Only significant battle was Milliken's Bend. Post-war: Died from cancer.
Helm, Benjamin Hardin	Brigadier General rank, nom: March 14, 1862 conf: March 18, 1862	June 2, 1831, Bardstown, Kentucky	September 21, 1863 Chickamauga, Georgia. Buried: Elizabethtown, Kentucky	Kentucky Military Institute; USMA, 1851; University of Louisville, 1853; Harvard Law School	Pre-war: Resigned as second lieutenant, U.S. Army, October 9, 1862. Lawyer. Married Mary Todd Lincoln's half sister. Kentucky legislator. Commonwealth attorney. Declined Union major PM commission. AIG, Kentucky Militia, 1861. War: Colonel, October 5, 1861, 1st Kentucky Cavalry. Served in Vicksburg area, Louisiana, Tullahoma operations. Wounded when horse fell on him at Baton Rouge, August 5, 1862. Mortally wounded at Battle of Chickamauga, September 20, 1863; died the following day.
Heth, Henry	Brigadier General rank, conf: January 6, 1862 nom: January 9, 1862 Major General rank: May 24. 1863 nom: May 23, 1863 conf: February 17, 1864	December 16, 1825, Chesterfield County, Virginia	September 27, 1899, Washington, D.C. Buried: Richmond, Virginia	USMA, 1847	Pre-war: Resigned as captain, U.S. Army, April 25, 1861. War: Lieutenant colonel, acting QM, Provisional Army of Virginia, April 29, 1861. Lieutenant colonel, May 31, 1861, colonel, June 17, 1861, 45th Virginia Infantry Regiment. Served in Western Virginia. Kentucky campaign. Then in A.P. Hill's division. Wounded at Battle of Chancellorsville. Heth's troop movement, without orders, started Battle of Gettysburg. Severely wounded, skull fracture, at Gettysburg but was in all further battles of Army of Northern Virginia. Said to be only general addressed by first name by General Robert E. Lee. Post-war: Insurance business at Richmond, Virginia.
Higgins, Edward	Brigadier General rank: October 29, 1863 nom: November 2, 1863 conf: February 17, 1864	1821 Norfolk, Virginia	January 31, 1875, San Francisco, California Buried: Colma, California		Pre-war: Midshipman in the Navy from age 14 and at sea for most of 18 years. Then in mail steamship service between New York and New Orleans. War: Captain, 1st Louisiana Artillery, April 12, 1861. ADC to Major General Twiggs when he commanded at New Orleans, from June 12, 1861. Lieutenant colonel, February 13, 1862, 21st Louisiana Infantry; defended at Forts Jackson and St. Philip, captured April 28, 1862, exchanged October 16, 1862. As colonel, commanded river batteries at Vicksburg, captured and exchanged, October 13, 1863. Detailed to bay and harbor defenses at Mobile. Relieved at some time before February 1865 when awaiting orders at Macon, Georgia. No record of capture or parole. Post-war: insurance and import business at Norfolk. After an 1872 flood, moved to San Francisco, became agent for Pacific Mail Steamship Company.
Hill, Ambrose Powell	Brigadier General rank, conf: February 26, 1862 nom: February 24, 1862 Major General rank, nom: May 26, 1862 conf: September 27, 1862 Lieutenant General rank: May 24, 1863 nom: May 23, 1863 conf: January 15, 1864	November 9, 1825, Culpeper, Virginia	April 2, 1865 Petersburg, Virginia Buried: Richmond, Virginia	USMA, 1847	Pre-war: Mexican-American War and Seminole Wars veteran. Resigned as first lieutenant, U.S. Army, March 1, 1861. War: Colonel, May 22, 1861. 13th Virginia Infantry Regiment. Early battles: Seven Days' Battles, Battle of Cedar Mountain, timely reinforced Lee at Battle of Antietam, wounded at Battle of Chancellorsville. In field command at first day of Battle of Gettysburg, although sick at start of battle. Corps had severe casualties at Battle of Bristoe Station. Fought in Overland Campaign, Siege of Petersburg. Killed by Union straggler during collapse of Confederate lines at Petersburg and start of Appomattox Campaign, April 2, 1865.
Hill, Benjamin J.	Brigadier General (temporary) rank, nom: November 30, 1864 conf: December 1, 1864	June 13, 1825, near McMinnville, Tennessee	January 5, 1880, McMinnville, Tennessee		Pre-war: Mercantile business, lawyer, state senator. War: Captain, June 1861, colonel, August 30, 1862, 5th Regiment, Provisional Army of Tennessee, which became 35th Tennessee Infantry. Battles: Shiloh, Kentucky campaign (wounded at Richmond, Kentucky), Chickamauga, Chattanooga. Provost marshal of Army of Tennessee in late 1863 through Atlanta campaign. Franklin–Nashville campaign. Commanded a brigade under Lt. Gen. Forrest in campaign against Union Maj. Gen. Wilson. Post-war: merchant, lawyer. President, McMinnville & Manchester Railroad.
Hill, Daniel Harvey	Brigadier General rank, nom: July 10, 1861 conf:August 28, 1861 Major General rank, conf: March 26, 1862 nom: March 25, 1862 Lieutenant General (acted as) July 11, 1863–October 15, 1863	July 12, 1821, Hill's Iron Works York District, South Carolina	September 24, 1889 Charlotte North Carolina Buried: Davidson, North Carolina	USMA, 1842	Pre-war: Mexican-American War veteran. Resigned as first lieutenant and brevet major, U.S. Army, February 28, 1849. Professor at Washington College, Davidson College and North Carolina Military Institute. War: Colonel, 1st North Carolina Infantry, May 19, 1861. In command at Battle of Big Bethel (wounded). Battles: Peninsula Campaign; Seven Days Battles; Battle of Second Bull Run; Battle of South Mountain; Battle of Antietam; Defense of Richmond during Battle of Gettysburg. Battle of Chickamauga. Appointed lieutenant general on July 11, 1863 but due to his criticism of General Braxton Bragg, President Davis refused to nominate Hill to the Confederate Senate at that grade. Brief service during Siege of Petersburg, then no service until January 21, 1865 and later commanded division at Battle of Bentonville. Post-war: President of University of Arkansas, 1877–1884 and Middle Georgia Military and Agricultural College, 1886–1889.
Hindman, Thomas Carmichael	Brigadier General rank, nom: September 28, 1861 conf: December 13, 1861 Major General rank: April 14, 1862 nom: April 16, 1862 conf: April 18, 1862	January 28, 1828, Knoxville, Tennessee	September 28, 1868 Helena, Arkansas	Princeton College, 1846	Pre-war: Mexican-American War veteran. Lawyer, state legislator in Mississippi. U.S. House of Representatives from Arkansas, March 4, 1859–March 3, 1861. War: Colonel, June 21, 1861, 2d Arkansas Infantry. Commanded Trans–Mississippi before Lt. Gen. Holmes. Battles: Prairie Grove, Chickamauga (wounded) and Chattanooga. Incapacitated by wounds from Battle of Atlanta. Post-war: Moved to Mexico, returned to practice law in Arkansas in 1868. Vocal opponent of carpetbaggers. Murdered at Helena, Arkansas, September 28, 1868, said to be by members of the radical "Loyal League."
Hodge, George B.	Colonel Brigadier General nominations rejected paroled as brig. gen.	April 8, 1828, Fleming County, Kentucky	August 1, 1892, Longwood, Florida Buried: Southgate Kentucky	United States Naval Academy, 1845	Pre-war: Resigned from U.S. Navy in 1850. Lawyer in Kentucky. state legislator. War: Enlisted as private, Kentucky militia, September 23, 1861. Captain, AAG, November 16, 1861. Elected to Confederate Congress. Divided time with army. Staff of Maj. Gen. John C. Breckenridge. Promoted to colonel. Led a cavalry brigade under Maj. Gen. Wheeler. In command of District of Southwest Mississippi and East Louisiana at end of war. Twice nominated as brigadier general and twice rejected by Confederate Senate. Paroled as brigadier general. Post-war lawyer in Kentucky. Kentucky senator, 1873–1877. Moved to Florida, 1877.
Hogg, Joseph L.	Brigadier General nom: February 12, 1862 conf: February 13, 1862 rank: February 14, 1862	September 13, 1806, Morgan County, Georgia	May 16, 1862, Corinth, Mississippi		Pre-war: Moved to Tuscaloosa County, Alabama, age 12. Planter, moved to Texas, 1839. Congress of Republic of Texas. Mexican-American War veteran. State senator, lawyer, sponsor of railroad building, member of Texas secession convention. War: Major General, Texas Militia, 1861. Colonel, CSA, Texas Infantry, February 1, 1861. Organized troops in Texas. Ordered to Corinth, Mississippi after Battle of Shiloh. Fell ill of dysentery soon after arriving at camp of General Beauregard and died May 16, 1862. Son, James Stephen Hogg was Governor of Texas, 1891–1895.
Hoke, Robert F.	Brigadier General rank: January 17, 1863 nom: January 23, 1863 conf: April 23, 1863 Major General rank: April 20, 1864 nom: April 23, 1864 conf: May 11, 1864	May 27, 1837, Lincolnton, North Carolina	July 3, 1912, Raleigh, North Carolina	Kentucky Military Institute	Pre-war: Manager of family cotton mill and iron works. War: Private 1st North Carolina Infantry,. Fought at Battle of Big Bethel as 2d lieutenant, April 22, 1861, 1st North Carolina Volunteers. Mustered out November 14, 1861. Major, November 27, 1861, lieutenant colonel, March 1862, 33rd North Carolina Infantry. Fought with Army of Northern Virginia from Seven Days Battles to Fredericksburg (wounded, dragged by horse) to Chancellorsville where he was severely wounded. Stationed in North Carolina. Captured Union garrison at Plymouth, North Carolina. Fought Union Major General Butler at Drewry's Bluff. Fought at Battle of Cold Harbor, defense of Fort Fisher. Thanks of Congress for Plymouth, North Carolina. With Joseph E. Johnston at Battle of Bentonville and surrender. Post-war: Manager, Cranberry Iron Mine. Chairman, Chapel Hill Iron Mountain Company. President, Lincoln Lithia Water Company. Real Estate Agent. President, North Carolina Railroad Company.
Holmes, Theophilus Hunter "Granny"	Brigadier General rank, nom: June 5, 1861 conf: August 28, 1861 Major General rank, nom: October 7, 1861 conf: December 13, 1861 Lieutenant General rank, nom: October 10, 1862 conf: October 13, 1862	November 13, 1804, Clinton, Sampson County, North Carolina	June 21, 1880, near Fayetteville, North Carolina	USMA, 1829	Pre-war: Mexican-American War veteran. Resigned as major, U.S. Army April 22, 1861. War: Colonel, North Carolina Coastal Defenses, April 22, 1861. Brigadier general North Carolina Militia, May 27, 1861. Fought at Battle of First Bull Run; Seven Days' Battles. Commanded Trans–Mississippi Department until relieved by Gen. E. Kirby Smith. Commanded District of Arkansas. Organized reserves in North Carolina. According to Warner: had many soldierly qualities but was not equal to high command. Post-war: Had small farm.
Holtzclaw, James T.	Brigadier General (temporary) rank: July 7, 1864 nom: July 8, 1864 conf: February 21, 1865	December 17, 1833, McDonough, Georgia	July 19, 1893, Montgomery, Alabama		Pre-war: Grew up in Chambers County, Alabama. Appointed to USMA but did not enter. Lawyer at Montgomery, Alabama in 1855. Lieutenant of a militia company. War: First lieutenant, May 1861, major, August 1861, lieutenant colonel, December 23, 1861, colonel, May 19, 1862, 18th Alabama Infantry. Shot through the lung at Shiloh, recovered in 90 days. Colonel, served at Mobile. Battles of Chickamauga (thrown from horse), Chattanooga, Atlanta campaign. In Franklin–Nashville campaign, wounded at Franklin, in command of rear guard during part of retreat. Returned to defense of Mobile. Post-war: Lawyer and politician. Appointed to Alabama Railroad Commission a few months before death.
Hood, John Bell "Sam", "Wooden Head"	Brigadier General rank: March 3, 1862; nom: March 5, 1862; conf: March 6, 1862 Major General rank, nom: October 10, 1862 conf: October 11, 1862 Lieutenant General rank: September 20, 1863 nom: February 1, 1864; conf: February 4, 1864 General (temporary) July 18, 1864–January 23, 1865	June 1, 1831, Owingsville, Kentucky	August 30, 1879, New Orleans, Louisiana	USMA, 1853	Pre-war: Resigned as first lieutenant, U.S. Army, April 16, 1861. War: Captain, ACSA, March 16, 1861. Colonel, 4th Texas Infantry, September 30, 1861. Battles: Peninsula campaign, Battle of Second Bull Run (Second Manassas). Battles: Antietam (Sharpsburg), Fredericksburg. Lost arm at Battle of Gettysburg; lost leg at Battle of Chickamauga. Promoted to full general with temporary rank on July 18, 1864. Lost several battles in Atlanta Campaign after taking command of Army of Tennessee from General Joseph E. Johnston, July 1864. Abandoned Atlanta and began Franklin–Nashville Campaign. Army was shattered at Battles of Franklin and Nashville. Relieved of command in January 1865 and reverted to permanent rank. Surrendered himself at Natchez, Mississippi, paroled, May 31, 1865. Post-war: Moved to New Orleans. Wrote memoirs. Died August 30, 1879 of yellow fever at New Orleans, Louisiana along with wife and one child.
Huger, Benjamin	Brigadier General rank, nom: June 17, 1861 conf: August 28, 1861 Major General rank, nom: October 7, 1861 conf: December 13, 1861	November 22, 1805, Charleston, South Carolina	December 7, 1877, Charleston, South Carolina Buried: Baltimore, Maryland	USMA, 1825	Pre-war: Chief of ordnance for Major General Winfield Scott in Mexican-American War. Resigned as major, U.S. Army, April 22, 1861, after fall of Fort Sumter. War: Brigadier general, Virginia Militia and Provisional Army of Virginia. In command at Norfolk, Virginia from May 23, 1861, dismantled fortifications, set fire to Navy Yard and scuttled Merrimac before abandoning city in May 1862 as Peninsula Campaign begun. Censured for actions in command of division at Battle of Seven Pines. Assigned as inspector of artillery and ordnance which was more suited to his experience and aptitude. Assigned to Trans–Mississippi Department for most of remainder of war. Post-war: Farmer in Fauquier County, Virginia. Returned to Charleston shortly before death.
Humes, William Y.C.	Brigadier General rank: November 16, 1863 nom:November 17, 1863 conf: January 25, 1864	May 1, 1830, Abingdon, Virginia	September 11, 1882, Huntsville, Alabama Buried: Memphis, Tennessee	VMI, 1851	Pre-war: Lawyer in Memphis, Tennessee. War: First lieutenant, May 13, 1861, captain, June 1861, of artillery. Captured at Island No. 10, April 7, 1862. Exchanged September 1862 and chief of artillery to then Maj. Gen. Joseph Wheeler in March 1863. Rest of war with Wheeler's cavalry corps. Wounded at Farmington, Tennessee, October 7, 1863; wounded at Monroe Crossroads, March 10, 1865. In division command in last months of the war but no record of promotion to major general. Post-war: lawyer at Memphis. Moved to Alabama, lawyer.
Humphreys, Benjamin Grubb	Brigadier General rank: August 12, 1863 nom: August 14, 1863 conf: January 25, 1864	August 24 or 26, 1808, Claiborne County, Mississippi Territory	December 20, 1882, Leflore County, Mississippi Buried: Port Gibson, Mississippi		Pre-war: Dismissed from USMA after Christmas Eve 1826 cadet riot. Studied law, planter, lawyer, state legislator in Mississippi. Initially opposed secession. War: Raised company for Confederate service and was captain, May 18, 1861, 21st Mississippi, colonel, September 11, 1861. Led regiment in battles of Army of Northern Virginia through Gettysburg. With Longstreet in Georgia and Tennessee, with Early in the Shenandoah Valley, wounded at Berryville, Virginia in September. Then to southwest Mississippi. Post-war: Elected governor of Mississippi after the war after receiving pardon from President Andrew Johnson but removed from office June 15, 1868 when Congress ended President's Reconstruction plan. Insurance agent at Jackson and Vicksburg, Mississippi. Died at his plantation.
Hunton, Eppa	Brigadier General rank: August 9, 1863 nom: August 12, 1863 conf: January 25, 1864	September 22, 1822, Fauquier County, Virginia	October 11, 1908, Richmond, Virginia		Pre-war: Educated at New Baltimore Academy. Teacher for 3 years. Lawyer, Commonwealth attorney, Virginia militia brigadier general, 1857–1861, member of secession convention. War: Brigadier general, Virginia Provisional Army, April 17, 1861–June 8, 1861. Colonel, May 8, 1861, 8th Virginia Infantry Regiment, Battle of First Bull Run. Fought in most of important campaigns of Army of Northern Virginia. Wounded at Battle of Gettysburg. Held off Union attack for some time at Battle of Five Forks, captured at Battle of Sayler's Creek. Post-war: Lawyer. U.S. House of Representatives, March 4, 1873–March 3, 1881. Only Southern member of Presidential electoral commission of 1877 concerning the Hayes-Tilden election. U.S. Senate, May 28, 1892–March 3, 1895. Resided at Warrenton, Virginia.

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Image	Name	Rank	Date, Place of Birth	Date, Place of Death	College	Notes
	Imboden, John Daniel	Brigadier General (New units) rank: January 28, 1863 nom: April 11, 1863 conf: April 13, 1863	February 16, 1823 near Staunton, Virginia	August 15, 1895, Damascus, Virginia Buried: Richmond, Virginia	Washington College	Pre-war: Teacher, lawyer, state legislator for two terms. War: Captain of Staunton Artillery at capture of Harper's Ferry. Served at Battle of First Bull Run (First Manassas)(perforated ear drum and wounded). Artillery, Valley District, March 1862. Organized 1st Virginia Partisan Rangers (62nd Virginia Mounted Infantry), colonel, September 9, 1862. Battles: Cross Keys, Port Republic. Raided northwestern Virginia, severed Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, captured thousands of cattle and horses. Helped saved trains of Army of Northern Virginia at Williamsport in retreat from Gettysburg. Captured Union garrison at Charlestown, West Virginia. Fought in Valley campaign of 1864. Ill from typhoid fever in Fall 1864, remainder of war on prison duty at Aiken, South Carolina and other camps. Post-war: Lawyer at Richmond, Virginia; developed mining resources at Washington County, Virginia.
	Iverson, Alfred Jr.	Brigadier General rank, nom: November 1, 1862 returned to committee April 22, 1863 nom: June 6, 1864 conf: June 10, 1864	February 14, 1829, Clinton, Georgia	March 31, 1911, Atlanta, Georgia	Tuskeegee Military Institute	Pre-war: Son of Senator Alfred Iverson. Mexican-American War veteran, 2d lieutenant at age 17. Regular Army commission in 1855. Resigned as first lieutenant, U.S. Army, March 21, 1861. War: Colonel, August 20, 1861, 20th North Carolina Infantry. Wounded at Gaines Mill during Seven Days' Battles, fought at South Mountain and Antietam (Sharpsburg). Fought at Battle of Chancellorsville; Battle of Gettysburg. Ordered to Georgia to lead brigade of cavalry in 1864 campaign. Captured Union Major General George Stoneman and 500 men. Post-war: Business in Macon, Georgia until 1877, orange grower near Kissimmee, Florida.

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Name	Rank	Date, Place of Birth	Date, Place of Death	College	Notes
Jackson, Alfred E.	Brigadier General rank: February 9, 1863 nom: March 5, 1863 conf: April 22, 1863	January 11, 1807, Davidson County, Tennessee	October 30, 1889, Jonesboro, Tennessee	Washington College; Greenville College	Pre-war: Farmer, dealer in goods, various enterprises. War: Major, quartermaster, staff of Brig. Gen. Zollicoffer, PM, September 11, 1861. Original brigadier general rank, nomination October 29, 1862, cancelled April 22, 1863. Brigade commander in East Tennessee. Captured 100th Ohio Infantry at Telford's Station, Tennessee, September 1863. In Trans–Allegheny Department; Saltville, Virginia. Post-war: Farmer in Washington County, Virginia on rented land in 1866. Special pardon from President Johnson for kindnesses shown to family. Regained some estates near Jonesboro, Tennessee.
Jackson, Henry R.	Brigadier General rank, nom: June 4, 1861 conf: August 28, 1861 resigned December 2, 1861 rank, nom: September 21, 1863 conf: February 17, 1864	June 24, 1820, Athens, Georgia	May 23, 1898, Savannah, Georgia	Yale University, 1839	Pre-war: Lawyer, district attorney in Savannah, Georgia. Mexican-American War veteran, colonel. Newspaper editor, superior court judge, U.S. minister to Austria. Prosecuted captain and owners of slave ship Wanderer in 1859. Member of Georgia secession convention. War: Confederate judge, resigned August 1861. Served with General Lee in West Virginia. Resigned, became major general of Georgia state troops, without a command after division taken under Conscript Act. Staff of Brig. Gen. W. H. T. Walker, 1863. Recommissioned Confederate brigadier general, September 21, 1863. Fought in Atlanta campaign, Franklin–Nashville campaign, captured at Nashville, paroled July 1865. Post-war: Lawyer, minister to Mexico, 1885. President of Georgia Historical Society for almost 25 years.
Jackson, John K.	Brigadier General nom: January 10, 1862 rank, conf: January 14, 1862 re-conf: February 17, 1864	February 8, 1828, Augusta, Georgia	February 27, 1866, Milledgeville, Georgia	South Carolina College University of South Carolina, 1828	Pre-war: Lawyer, militia captain. Lieutenant colonel, Georgia militia, 1861. War: Lieutenant colonel, April 1861, colonel, May 1861, 5th Georgia Infantry. At Pensacola. Organized troops at Grand Junction, Tennessee for movement to Corinth, Mississippi and Shiloh campaign. Brigade commander: Shiloh, Kentucky campaign, Chattanooga, Chickamauga, Atlanta campaign. Commanded District of Florida after July 1, 1864. Participated in defense of Savannah. In charge of supply depots in Carolinas at end of the war. Post-war: Lawyer at Augusta, Georgia. Caught pneumonia and died while on trip to Milledgeville, Georgia.
Jackson, Thomas Jonathan "Stonewall", "Jack", "Old Jack", "Bluelight"	Brigadier General rank, nom: June 17, 1861 conf: August 28, 1861 Major General rank, nom: October 7, 1861 conf: December 13, 1861 Lieutenant General rank, nom: October 10, 1862 conf: October 11, 1862	January 21, 1824, Clarksburg, Virginia later West Virginia	May 10, 1863, Guinea's Station, Virginia; Buried: Lexington, Virginia	USMA, 1846	Pre-war: Mexican-American War veteran. Resigned as first lieutenant and brevet major, U.S. Army, February 29, 1852. Professor at Virginia Military Institute, 1852–1861. War: Colonel, Virginia militia. At Battle of First Bull Run, named "Stonewall" by Brig. Gen. Barnard Bee. Conducted Jackson's Valley Campaign, Spring 1862, tied up 3 Union armies, diverted from Peninsula campaign. Battles included Battle of Cross Keys; Battle of Port Republic. Then moved to Richmond for Seven Days Battles. Turning movement helped win Battle of Second Bull Run. Captured 12,000-man Union garrison at Battle of Harper's Ferry, then helped save Confederate Army at Battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg). Commanded Confederate right wing at Battle of Fredericksburg. Famous flank march routed Union Army at Battle of Chancellorsville. Mistakenly mortally wounded by own men while returning from night reconnaissance after first day of battle at Chancellorsville, May 2, 1863. Died May 10, 1863 from pneumonia after amputation of left arm.
Jackson, William Hicks "Red"	Brigadier General rank: December 29, 1862 nom: January 9, 1863 conf: April 22, 1863	October 1, 1835, Paris, Tennessee	March 30, 1903, near Nashville, Tennessee.	West Tennessee College; USMA, 1856	Pre-war: Resigned as second lieutenant, U.S. Army, May 16, 1861. War: Captain of Tennessee Heavy Artillery, July 1861. Wounded at Battle of Belmont. Colonel 1st (later 7th) Tennessee Cavalry, April 1, 1862. Fought at Holly Springs. Brigadier general, December 29, 1862. Fought in Vicksburg campaign, Meridian expedition. In charge of cavalry corps of Army of Mississippi during Atlanta campaign. In Franklin–Nashville campaign. In command of all Tennessee cavalry in Lt. Gen. Forrest's department, February 1865. Led division but not promoted to major general. Post-war: Cotton planter, banker, stock farmer, horse breeder and president of the National Agricultural Congress and Tennessee Bureau of Agriculture. Died at "Belle Meade" near Nashville.
Jackson, William Lowther "Mudwall"	Brigadier General rank: December 19, 1864 nom: December 29, 1864 conf: January 12, 1865	February 3, 1825, Clarksburg, Virginia later West Virginia	March 24, 1890, Louisville, Kentucky		Pre-war: Second cousin of Stonewall Jackson. Lawyer, commonwealth attorney, judge, member of Virginia legislature, lieutenant governor of Virginia. War: Enlisted as private, lieutenant colonel, June 1861, colonel, July 1861, 31st Virginia Volunteer Infantry Regiment. Fought in West Virginia campaign. On Stonewall Jackson's staff from June 4, 1862 until April 14, 1863 when he recruited 19th Virginia Volunteer Cavalry Regiment, colonel, April 17, 1863. Active in West Virginia and Valley Campaigns of 1864. Surrendered at Brownsville, Texas, paroled July 26, 1865. Spent time in Mexico after war, returned to Kentucky, 1866. Lawyer, judge.
Jenkins, Albert Gallatin	Brigadier General rank, nom: August 5, 1862 conf: September 30, 1862	November 10, 1830, Cabell County, Virginia, later West Virginia	May 21, 1864 Dublin, West Virginia Buried: Huntington, West Virginia	VMI; Jefferson College, Canonsburg, Pennsylvania, 1848; Harvard Law School, 1850	Pre-war: Lawyer at Charleston, (West) Virginia. U.S. Representative, 1857–1861. War: Captain, May 15, 1861, lieutenant colonel, September 24, 1861, colonel, November 1861, 8th Virginia Cavalry. Wounded at Scarey Creek, Virginia, July 16, 1861; fell from horse, Piggot's Mill, West Virginia, August 25, 1861. Elected to First Regular Confederate Congress but also promoted brigadier general, August 5, 1862, and resigned from Congress. Led raid of 500 miles (800 km) in Western Virginia and Ohio. Severely wounded at Battle of Gettysburg. Returned to mountain command in late 1863. Opposed Union Maj. Gen. Crook at Battle of Cloyd's Mountain near Dublin, Virginia on May 9, 1864. Wounded, captured, arm amputated, died 12 days later.
Jenkins, Micah	Brigadier General rank, nom: July 22. 1862 conf: Septemgber 30, 1862	December 1, 1835, Edisto Island, South Carolina	May 6, 1864, The Wilderness, Virginia Buried: Charleston South Carolina	South Carolina Military Academy (The Citadel), 1854	Pre-war: First in class at The Citadel predecessor. Organized King's Mountain Military School, 1855–1861. War: Colonel, 5th South Carolina Infantry. Fought at Battle of First Bull Run (First Manassas). Led Palmetto Sharpshooters regiment during Seven Days Battles, wounded at Fair Oaks, Frayser's Farm. Severely wounded at Battle of Second Bull Run (Second Manassas). Commanded Hood's division at Battle of Chickamauga. Participated in Knoxville campaign, returned to Army of Northern Virginia for Wilderness Campaign. On second day of battle, near same spot that Stonewall Jackson was killed, Lt. Gen. Longstreet and Brig. Gen. Jenkins were struck by friendly fire. Longstreet recovered; Jenkins died a few hours later, May 6, 1864.
Johnson, Adam Rankin "Stovepipe"	Colonel Brigadier General (not confirmed)	February 28, 1834 Henderson, Kentucky	October 20, 1922, Burnet, Texas<br.Buried: Austin, Texas		Pre-war: Emigrated to Texas. Indian fighter, Overland Mail station contractor, mail driver. War: Captain, Kentucky cavalry, October 1861. Escaped from Fort Donelson with Brig. Gen. Floyd. Colonel of 10th Kentucky Partisan Rangers within Union lines in Kentucky. Attacked Newburgh, Indiana with 12 men and two lengths of stove pipe used as "Quaker cannons," July 18, 1862. Escaped by swimming Ohio River when Morgan's forces were surrounded. Appointed brigadier general September 6, 1864 to rank from June 1, 1864. Not confirmed by Confederate Senate. Yet, Warner lists him as a brigadier general to rank from June 1, 1864. Was accidentally shot and blinded by his own men while attacking Union camp at Grubbs Crossroads, near Princeton. Kentucky, on August 21, 1864. Post-war: Lived nearly 60 years, founded Marble Falls, Texas.
Johnson, Bradley Tyler	Brigadier General (temporary) rank, nom: June 28, 1864 conf: February 20, 1865	September 29, 1829, Frederick, Maryland	October 5, 1903, Amelia, Virginia	Princeton University, 1849	Pre-war: Lawyer in Maryland, 1851. State's attorney, chairman of state Democratic Party committee. War: Captain CSA Maryland Volunteers, May 22, 1861. Helped recruit 1st Maryland (Confederate) Infantry, major June 17, 1861, lieutenant colonel, July 21, 1861, Colonel, March 18, 1862. At Battle of First Bull Run (First Manassas). Wounded at Antietam. Assigned to important field duties but not promoted to brigadier general until June 28, 1864. Executed Lt. Gen. Early's orders to Brig. Gen. McCausland to burn Chambersburg, Pennsylvania. Spent last months of the war in charge of prison at Salisbury, North Carolina. Post-war: lawyer in Richmond, Virginia legislator, 1875–1879. Moved to Baltimore where he wrote legal and historical works.
Johnson, Bushrod Rust	Brigadier General rank, nom, conf: January 24, 1862 Major General rank: May 21, 1865 nom: May 23, 1864 conf: May 26, 1864	October 7, 1817, Belmont County, Ohio	September 12, 1880, Brighton, Illinois	USMA, 1840	Pre-war: Seminole Wars and Mexican-American War veteran. Forced to resign as first lieutenant, U.S. Army, October 22, 1847, for selling contraband goods. Taught at military schools in Kentucky and Tennessee, University of Nashville. War: Tennessee militia colonel of engineers, June 28, 1861. Brigadier general appointment reconfirmed February 17, 1864. Escaped after being captured at Fort Donelson. Severely wounded, concussion, at Battle of Shiloh. Commanded brigade in Kentucky campaign, Murfreesboro (Stones River), Chickamauga, Knoxville campaign. Transferred to Army of Northern Virginia. At Siege of Petersburg. Division shattered at Battle of Sayler's Creek, without a command at Appomattox Court House, paroled. Post-war: Chancellor of University of Nashville, 1870. Connected with preparatory school that was forced to close. Moved to Missouri in 1874. In 1875, retired to farm at Brighton, Illinois, where he died.
Johnson, Edward "Old Allegheny", "Clubby"	Brigadier General rank, nom: December 13, 1861 conf: December 24, 1861 Major General rank: February 28, 1863 nom: March 5, 1863 conf: April 22, 1863	April 16, 1816, Salisbury, Chesterfield County, Virginia	March 2, 1873, Richmond, Virginia	USMA, 1838	Pre-war: Moved to Kentucky with parents. Seminole Wars and Mexican-American War veteran. Resigned as captain, U.S. Army, June 10, 1861. War: Colonel, 12th Georgia Infantry, July 2, 1861. Wounded during Jackson's Valley campaign of 1862. Thanks of Congress for Allegheny Mountain. Commanded Jackson's former division at Battles of Gettysburg, the Wilderness and Spotsylvania, where he was captured with most of his command. He was exchanged August 3, 1864. Participated in the Franklin–Nashville campaign. Captured at the battle of Nashville, not released until July 22, 1865. Post-war: farmer at Chesterfield, Virginia.
Johnston, Albert Sidney	General (ACSA) rank: May 30, 1861 nom, conf: August 31, 1861	February 2, 1803, Washington, Kentucky	April 6, 1862 Shiloh, Tennessee; Buried: Austin, Texas	Translyvania University; USMA, 1826	Pre-war: Fought in Black Hawk War, resigned in 1834. Fought in Texas War of Independence as a private, rose to brigadier general. Secretary of War of Republic of Texas, 1838–1840. Colonel of Texas volunteers in Mexican-American War. Reappointed to U.S. Army in 1849, served on Texas frontier and in Mormon War. Colonel and Brevet Brigadier General, U.S. Army. Commanded Department of Utah, 1858–1869, then Department of the Pacific; resigned as colonel and brevet brigadier general, May 3, 1861. War: In command of all Confederate forces west of Allegheny Mountains. Concentrated troops at Corinth, Mississippi to meet Grant's attack. Killed in action on the first day at the Battle of Shiloh, April 6, 1862.
Johnston, George Doherty	Brigadier General (temporary) rank, nom: July 26, 1864 conf: February 21, 1865	May 30, 1830, Hillsboro, North Carolina	December 8, 1910, Tuscaloosa, Alabama	Howard College, 1849 Cumberland University Law School, 1852	Pre-war: Moved to Alabama at age 2. Lawyer at Marion, Alabama, mayor 1856, state legislator, 1857–1858. War: 2d lieutenant, 4th Alabama Infantry, April 6, 1861. At Battle of First Bull Run (First Manassas). Major, 25th Alabama Infantry, January 8, 1862, colonel, September 14, 1863.Wounded at Stones River. At every engagement of Army of Tennessee from Shiloh to Bentonville. Wounded at Battle of Ezra Church during Atlanta campaign; on crutches during Franklin–Nashville campaign. On way to join Lt. Gen. Richard Taylor when Gen. Johnston surrendered, no record of parole. Post-war: Commandant of cadets at University of Alabama, superintendent of South Carolina Military Academy (The Citadel), United States Civil Service Commissioner, Alabama state senator.
Johnston, Joseph E.	Brigadier General rank, conf: May 14, 1861 nom: March 15, 1861 General (ACSA) rank: July 4, 1861 nom, conf: August 31, 1861	February 3, 1807, Farmville, Virginia	March 21, 1891, Washington, D.C. Buried: Baltimore, Maryland	USMA, 1829	Pre-war: Mexican-American War (wounded) and Seminole Wars (wounded) veteran. Resigned as QM and brigadier general, U.S. Army, April 22, 1861, to join Confederate Army. War: Brig. gen. and major gen., Provisional Army of Virginia. Brigadier general, ACSA, May 14, 1861, in charge of forces around Harpers Ferry. Moved from Harpers Ferry by rail to reinforce General Beauregard at Battle of First Bull Run. General, ACSA, July 4, 1861. Thanks of Congress for Bull Run. Command of Army of Northern Virginia. Heated debate with argument over rank after Cooper, A.S. Johnston and R.E. Lee. Led army in Peninsula Campaign, severely wounded at Battle of Seven Pines, May 1862. Replaced by General Robert E. Lee. In Command of Department of West in 1863. Tried to relieve Vicksburg but Lt. Gen. Pemberton, commander at Vicksburg had contradictory orders. Replaced General Braxton Bragg in command of Army of Tennessee after Battle of Chattanooga. Led Confederate defense in Atlanta Campaign, replaced by General John Bell Hood, July 17, 1864 because of policy of maneuver and retreat. No more active service until appointed by Lee to oppose Union General W. T. Sherman in Carolinas Campaign in February–April 1865. Battle of Bentonville. Surrendered at Bennett Place, Durham, North Carolina. Post-war: U.S. House of Representatives, March 4, 1879–March 3, 1881. Commissioner of railroads, 1885–1891. Died March 21, 1891 from cold caught while in Sherman's funeral procession.
Johnston, Robert D.	Brigadier General rank: September 1, 1863 nom: September 2, 1863 conf: February 16, 1864	March 19, 1837, Lincoln County, North Carolina	February 1, 1919, Winchester, Virginia	University of North Carolina, 1857; University of Virginia Law School	Pre-war: Lawyer, militia company lieutenant. War: Second lieutenant, North Carolina Militia, 1861. Captain, July 15, 1861, lieutenant colonel, May 31, 1862, 23rd North Carolina Infantry. Fought in Peninsula campaign. Wounded at Seven Pines. Fought at South Mountain, Antietam (Sharpsburg), Chancellorsville. Colonel, 1863, 12th North Carolina Infantry. Wounded at Gettysburg, Spotsylvania. Led brigade in Early's Valley Campaign of 1864. In Siege of Petersburg. Sent to guard Roanoke River line in March 1865. Post-war: Lawyer at Charlotte, North Carolina. Moved to Birmingham, Alabama, 1887. President of Birmingham National Bank, U.S. Land Office register.
Jones, David Rumph "Neighbor"	Brigadier General rank, nom: June 17, 1861 conf: August 28, 1861 Major General rank, conf: October 11, 1862 nom: September 26, 1862	April 5, 1825, Orangeburg District, South Carolina	January 15, 1863, Richmond, Virginia	USMA, 1846	Pre-war: Mexican-American War veteran. Resigned as first lieutenant, brevet captain and AAG, U.S. Army, February 15, 1861. War: Major, commissary of subsistence, forces near Charleston, March 6, 1861– May 27, 1861. Chief of staff to General Beauregard at Battle of Fort Sumter. Brigadier general, June 17, 1861. At Battle of First Bull Run (First Manassas). First appointment to major general, to rank from March 10, 1862, rejected by Senate, September 24, 1862. Fought in Peninsula Campaign, Seven Days Battles. Timely seized Thoroughfare Gap during campaign leading to Battle of Second Bull Run (Second Manassas). Defended a mountain pass at Battle of South Mountain. Commanded Confederate right at Burnside Bridge at Battle of Antietam. Counterattacked with A.P. Hill. Developed heart trouble and died of a heart ailment at Richmond, Virginia, aged 37.
Jones, John Marshall "Rum"	Brigadier General rank: May 15, 1863 nom: May 16, 1863 conf: February 17, 1864	July 26, 1820, Charlottesville, Virginia	May 5, 1864, The Wilderness, Virginia Buried: Charlottesville, Virginia	USMA, 1841	Pre-war: Instructor at West Point during Mexican-American War. Resigned as captain, U.S. Army, May 27, 1861. War: Captain in Confederate Army at start of war. Lieutenant colonel and assistnat AG, September 4, 1861. Adjutant to Generals Magruder, Ewell, Early. Brigadier general to rank from May 15, 1863 and took field command. Seriously wounded at Battle of Gettysburg and Battle of Payne's Farm on the Rapidan River in November 1863. Killed in action during the Battle of the Wilderness, May 5, 1864.
Jones, John R.	Lt. Colonel Brigadier General (not confirmed)	March 12, 1827, Harrisonburg, Virginia	April 1, 1901, Harrisonburg, Virginia.	VMI, 1848	Pre-war: Teacher. Moved to Florida; Florida militia. War: Captain, June 22, 1861, lieutenant colonel, August 21, 1861, 33rd Virginia Infantry. Fought in Jackson's Valley Campaign. Wounded in the knee at Malvern Hill, by a shell concussion at Antietam. Brigadier general confirmation postponed, October 13, 1862. Placed in command of brigade but left the field at the Battle of Chancellorsville due to an "ulcerated" leg and was immediately relieved of command. Captured July 4, 1863 at Smithburg, Tennessee. Confederacy made no effort to obtain his release and he was not exchanged or released until July 24, 1865. Appointed brigadier general to rank from June 23, 1862 but not confirmed by Confederate Senate. Warner includes him on the list of generals even noting the lack of confirmation. Post-war: Farm implement business and commissioner in chancery of circuit court.
Jones, Samuel	Brigadier General rank, nom: July 21, 1861 conf: August 28, 1861 Major General rank: March 10, 1862 nom: March 11, 1862 conf: March 13, 1862	December 17, 1819, Woodfield, Powhatan County, Virginia	July 31, 1887, Bedford Springs, Virginia Buried: Richmond, Virginia	USMA, 1841	Pre-war: West Point instructor during Mexican-American War and for five years after that war. Resigned as captain, U.S. Army, April 27, 1861. War: Lieutenant colonel, Virginia Provisional Army, May 9, 1861. Captain of 1st Artillery Regiment and assistant to judge advocate. Chief of artillery for General Beauregard at Battle of First Bull Run. Major general appointment re-confirmed March 18, 1862. Relieved General Bragg at Pensacola. Division command under General Van Dorn at Corinth, Mississippi. Department or division command in Tennessee, then Department of Western Virginia. Relieved of command in March 1864. In command of Department of South Carolina, Georgia and Florida until relieved by General Hardee in October 1864, then in charge of Department of South Georgia and Florida. Paroled at Tallahassee, Florida, May 1865. Post-war: Farmer until 1880, then War Department clerk.
Jones, William E. "Grumble"	Brigadier General rank: September 19, 1862 nom: September 26, 1862 conf: October 3, 1862	May 9, 1824 Washington County, Virginia	June 5, 1864, Piedmont, Virginia Buried: Glade Spring, Virginia	Emory and Henry College; USMA, 1848	Pre-war: Born Middle Fork of Holston River. Resigned as first lieutenant, U.S. Army, 1857. Visited Europe, settled near Glade Spring Depot, Virginia; planter, militia company captain. War: Major, First Virginia Cavalry, May 1861. With Jeb Stuart in First Manassas Campaign. Colonel of 1st, then 7th, Virginia Cavalry, September 1862. Wounded at Orange County Courthouse. Fought at Battle of Brandy Station. Sent to Department of Southwest Virginia and East Tennessee after disagreement with Stuart. With Longstreet in Knoxville Campaign, Cloyd's Mountain. Ordered to intercept Union General David Hunter's raid into the Shenandoah Valley. Killed in action at the Battle of Piedmont, June 5, 1864.
Jordan, Thomas	Brigadier General rank: April 14, 1862 nom: April 16, 1862 conf: September 26, 1862	September 30, 1819, Luray, Virginia	November 27, 1895, New York, New York	USMA, 1840	Pre-war: USMA roommate of later Union Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman. Seminole War and Mexican-American War veteran. Resigned as captain and assistant quartermaster, U.S. Army, May 21, 1861. War: Entire Confederate service as a staff officer. AG of army at First Bull Run (First Manassas) under Beauregard, under A. S. Johnston and Beauregard at Shiloh, and chief of staff to Bragg, July 1862. Under Beauregard again at Siege of Charleston. Brigadier general due to gallantry at Shiloh. Commanded 3rd Military District of South Carolina at end of the war. Post-war: Became chief of staff and later commander of Cuban revolutionaries in 1869–1870. Movement collapsed, Jordan returned to U.S. Editor of Financial and Mining Record and author of historical articles after the war.

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Name	Rank	Date, Place of Birth	Date, Place of Death	College	Notes
Kelly, John Herbert	Brigadier General rank: November 16, 1863 nom: November 17, 1863 conf: February 17, 1864	March 31, 1840, Carrollton, Alabama	September 4, 1864, Franklin, Tennessee Buried: Mobile, Alabama	Attended USMA, 1857–1860	Pre-war: Entered USMA in 1857 but resigned on December 29, 1860. War: Soon commissioned 2d lieutenant of artillery in Regular Army of Confederate States. Staff captain with Maj. Gen. Hardee. Major, 14th Arkansas Infantry, September 23, 1861. Commanded 9th Arkansas Battalion at Shiloh, then colonel of 8th Arkansas Infantry, May 3, 1862. Commanded regiment at Perrysville and Murfreesboro, led brigade at Chickamauga. Youngest Confederate general officer at the time of his appointment. Assigned a division in Maj. Gen. Wheeler's corps. During Atlanta campaign raid on Sherman's communications, Kelly was mortally wounded in an engagement at Franklin, Tennessee, September 2, 1864. Left with the family of William H. Harrison, Kelly died a few days later, probably on September 4, 1864.
Kemper, James Lawson	Brigadier General rank, nom: June 3, 1862 conf: September 30, 1862 Major General rank, nom: September 19, 1864 conf: January 17, 1865	June 11, 1823, Madison County, Virginia	April 7, 1895, Orange County, Virginia	Washington College, 1842; (Washington and Lee University)	Pre-war: Mexican-American War veteran. Lawyer. Five terms in Virginia House of Delegates; Speaker of the House. War: Colonel 7th Virginia Infantry. Led regiment from First Manassas to Williamsburg. Severely wounded in Pickett's Charge at Battle of Gettysburg; captured by Union Army, exchanged for Charles K. Graham, September 19, 1863. Commanded Virginia Reserve forces after major general promotion. Paroled at Danville, Virginia, May 2, 1865. Post-war: Lawyer at Madison. Governor of Virginia January 1, 1874–January 1, 1878.
Kennedy, John Doby	Brigadier General (temporary) rank: December 22, 1864 nom: January 7, 1865 conf: February 8, 1865	January 5, 1840, Camden, South Carolina	April 14, 1896, Camden, South Carolina	South Carolina College (University of South Carolina), attended 1855–1857	Pre-war: Lawyer just before start of war. War: Private, April 1861, Captain, May 1861, 2nd South Carolina Infantry, colonel, January 1862. Wounded at First Bull Run (First Manassas) and four other times. Ill with fever after Battle of Savage's Station during Seven Days' Battles. In all engagements of Kershaw's brigade from Jackson's capture of Harper's Ferry, 1862 to Battle of Cedar Creek. Governor Magrath of South Carolina asked that brigade be sent to help Gen. Johnston oppose Maj. Gen. Sherman's army. Kennedy was in command since Kershaw's promotion in May. Paroled at Greensboro, May 1865. Post-war: Lawyer at Camden, South Carolina. Denied seat in Congress the next year for refusal to take "iron–clad" oath. State legislator, lieutenant governor of South Carolina, 1880–1882. Consul general at Shanghai, 1886–1889.
Kershaw, Joseph Brevard	Brigadier General nom: February 1, 1862 rank, conf: February 13, 1862 Major General rank: May 18, 1864 nom: June 1, 1864 conf: June 2, 1864	January 5, 1822, Camden, South Carolina	April 13, 1894, Camden, South Carolina		Pre-war: Mexican-American War veteran. Lawyer; two-term state legislator. Colonel South Carolina Militia. War: Colonel, 2nd South Carolina Infantry, May 22, 1861. At Fort Sumter, First Bull Run (Manassas). Brigadier general appointment reconfirmed February 17, 1864. Involved in almost all operations of 1st Corps of Army of Northern Virginia until end of war. Captured at Sayler's Creek, April 6, 1865. Post-war: Lawyer, South Carolina legislator, judge. Resigned as judge due to ill health, 1893. Postmaster, Camden, South Carolina.
Kirkland, William W.	Brigadier General rank: August 29, 1863 nom: August 31, 1863 conf: February 16, 1864	February 13, 1833, Hillsboro, North Carolina	May 12, 1915, Washington, D.C. Buried: Sheperdstown, West Virginia	Attended USMA, 1852–1855	Pre-war: Commissioned 2d lieutenant, U.S. Marines, 1855, resigned August 1860. War: Colonel, 11th North Carolina Infantry, May 28, 1861. Colonel, 21st North Carolina Infantry, July 8, 1861. At First Bull Run (First Manassas) and in Jackson's Valley Campaign. Badly wounded at First Battle of Winchester. Chief of staff to Brig. Gen. Cleburne at Murfreesboro (Stones River) while recovering. Led regiment at Gettysburg, badly wounded at Bristoe Station. Wounded at Gaines Mill (Cold Harbor II), June 2, 1864, during Overland campaign. Assigned to brigade north of the James River during Siege of Petersburg until December 1864, then ordered to North Carolina. Present at both battles of Fort Fisher and at Bentonville. Post-war: Commission business in Savannah, Georgia. Moved to New York City where daughter was famous on Broadway stage, held post office position. Became invalid about 1900; spent last years of life in soldiers' home in Washington, D.C. where he died.

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Image	Name	Rank	Date, Place of Birth	Date, Place of Death	College	Notes
	Lane, James H. "Little General"	Brigadier General rank, nom: November 1, 1862 conf: April 23, 1863	July 28, 1833, Mathews Court House, Virginia	September 21, 1907, Auburn, Alabama	VMI, 1854; University of Virginia, 1857	Pre-war: Assistant professor at VMI, professor at North Carolina Military Institute. War: Major, May 11, 1861, Lieutenant colonel, September 1, 1861, 1st North Carolina Volunteers; at Battle of Big Bethel. Reorganized; colonel, September 15, 1861, 28th North Carolina Infantry. With Army of Northern Virginia throughout war, wounded three time. Rear guard in retreat from Antietam (Sharpsburg). Brigade fought in first day of Battle of Gettysburg and in Pickett's Charge with nearly 50 percent casualties. Post-war: Teacher, then with Virginia Polytechnic Institute (Virginia Tech) and Missouri School of Mines. Professor of civil engineering at Alabama Polytechnic Institute (Auburn University) for last 26 years of life.
	Lane, Walter P.	Brigadier General rank: March 17, 1865 nom, conf: March 18, 1865	February 18, 1817, County Cork, Ireland	January 28, 1892, Marshall, Texas		Pre-war: Migrated to United States at age 4. First settled in Guernsey County, Ohio. At age 18 went to Louisiana, then Texas. Fought at Battle of San Jacinto. Crew of a Texas privateer; Indian fighter; teacher. Mexican-American War veteran. Miner in California, Nevada, Arizona and Peru. Returned to Texas. War: Lieutenant colonel, July 2, 1861, 3rd Texas Cavalry. South Kansas and Texas Infantry, August 1861. Fought at Wilson's Creek, Pea Ridge (Elkhorn Tavern), in Louisiana and in Red River campaign. Severely wounded at Battle of Mansfield. Colonel, 1st Texas Partisan Rangers, 1864. Cavalry brigade commander, March 1864–May 26, 1865. Post-war: Merchant at Marshall, Texas.
	Law, Evander M.	Brigadier General nom: September 26, 1862 rank, conf: October 3, 1862	August 7, 1836, Darlington, South Carolina	October 31, 1920, Bartow, Florida	South Carolina Military Academy (The Citadel), 1856	Pre-war: Taught at King's Mountain Military Academy, 1858–1860. Helped found and taught at Military High School, Tuskeegee, Alabama, 1860. War: Took company of State troops to Pensacola at start of war. Captain, April 1861, Lieutenant colonel, May 2, 1861, colonel, October 28, 1861, 4th Alabama Infantry. Severely wounded at First Bull Run (First Manassas). Fought at Seven Pines, Seven Day's Battles, Second Bull Run (Second Manassas)(wounded), Antietam (Sharpsburg). Fought at Gettysburg, Chickamauga. Led Hood's division after Hood wounded at Chickamauga. Charged with insubordination by James Longstreet, November 2, 1863, additional charges April 8, 1864, charges dropped by Samuel Cooper, April 18, 1864. Fought at the Wilderness, Spotsylvania and Cold Harbor, where he was wounded again, fractured skull and eye injury. Relieved from Army of Northern Virginia at own request and commanded cavalry force under Gen. Joseph E. Johnston in the Carolinas. New York Times obituary, other histories state promotion to major general, March 20, 1865; but major general promotion never confirmed by the Confederate Senate which last met March 18, 1865. Post-war: Teacher. Moved to South Carolina, 1881, Florida, 1893. Helped establish Florida educational system; newspaperman until age 80, commander of Florida division of United Confederate Veterans. Professor, Southern Florida Military Institute, 1894–1903.
	Lawton, Alexander R.	Brigadier General rank, nom: April 13, 1861 conf: August 28, 1861 re-conf: February 17, 1864	November 4, 1818, Beaufort District, South Carolina	July 2, 1896, Clifton Springs, New York; Buried: Savannah, Georgia	USMA, 1839; Harvard Law School, 1842	Pre-war: Resigned as second lieutenant, U.S. Army, December 31, 1840 to enter Harvard Law School. Lawyer at Savannah, Georgia. President, Augusta and Savannah Railroad. Served in both houses of Georgia legislature. Colonel, 1st Georgia Militia, January 1861. War: Seized Fort Pulaski, April 13, 1861. Colonel, 1st Georgia Infantry, May 27, 1861. Fought at Seven Days' Battles, badly wounded at Antietam (Sharpsburg). Quartermaster department from fall 1863 until end of war. Re-confirmed as QM February 17, 1864. Post-war: Resumed law practice, state legislator, 1870–1875. Active in Democratic Party. Minister to Austria, 1887–1889.
	Leadbetter, Danville	Brigadier General rank: February 27, 1862 nom: March 5, 1862 conf: March 6, 1862	August 26, 1811, Leeds, Maine	September 26, 1866, Clifton, Canada Buried: Mobile, Alabama	USMA, 1836	Pre-war: Resigned as captain, U.S. Army, at Mobile, December 31, 1857, where he had helped construct and repair harbor forts. Chief engineer of Alabama. War: Mainly an engineer officer in Confederate Army. Supervised building defenses at Mobile, Chattanooga, Knoxville. General E. P. Alexander criticized Leadbetter's work at Knoxville. Chief engineer for Gen. Joseph Johnston, then at Mobile again. No record of capture or parole. Post-war: Went to Canada by way of Mexico, died there in 1866.
	Lee, Edwin Gray "Ned"	Colonel Brigadier General nomSeptember 23, 1864 rejected by Confederate Senate	May 27, 1836, "Leeland", Virginia	August 24, 1870, Yellow Springs, Virginia; Buried: Lexington, Virginia	College of William and Mary, 1856	Pre-war: Hallowell's School at Alexandria, Virginia. Son-in-law of Brig. Gen. Pendleton. Second cousin of Robert E. Lee. Lawyer. War: 2d lieutenant, May 1861, 2nd Virginia Infantry. Major, April 1861, lieutenant colonel, July 25, 1862, colonel, August 28, 1862, 33rd Virginia Infantry. Aide to Stonewall Jackson at Harper's Ferry, 1861. In Jackson's Valley Campaign, Seven Days' Battles, Second Bull Run (Second Manassas), Antietam (Sharpsburg), Fredericksburg. Captured at Sheperdstown, September 1862, exchanged December 1862. Resigned due to ill health, December 1862. Recommissioned colonel in 1863, duty at Richmond, Virginia, including judge advocate. In command at Staunton, Virginia for defense of Shenandoah Valley, May 17, 1864. Brigadier general, September 23, 1864 to rank from September 20, 1864. Given six month leave of absence for health, November 28, 1864, but apparently moved to Canada as secret agent. Brigadier general nomination rejected by Confederate Senate, February 24, 1865. Post-war: Ran blockade with wife just before end of war to Montreal, Canada. Died from "disease of the lungs," aged 34.
	Lee, Fitzhugh	Brigadier General rank: July 24, 1862 nom: July 25, 1862 conf: September 30, 1862 Major General rank" August 3, 1863 nom: September 3, 1863 conf: January 25, 1864	November 19, 1835, "Clermont", Fairfax County, Virginia	April 23, 1905, Washington, D.C. Buried: Richmond, Virginia	USMA, 1856	Pre-war: Wounded fighting Indians on the frontier, May 13, 1859. Nephew of General Samuel Cooper and General Robert E. Lee. Resigned as first lieutenant, U.S. Army, May 21, 1861. War: AAG, July 30, 1861–August 1861. On staff of General Joseph E. Johnston at Battle of First Bull Run. Lt. colonel, August 1861, colonel, March 1862, 1st Virginia Cavalry. In Peninsula Campaign. In invasion of Pennsylvania. Protege of Jeb Stuart. Actions helped hold Spotsylvania Court House for the Confederates. After Wade Hampton was ordered to North Carolina in January 1865, Lee commanded the remainder of the Cavalry Corps with the Army of Northern Virginia. Wounded twice. Post-war: Farmer in Stafford County, Virginia. Governor of Virginia, January 1, 1886–January 1, 1890. U.S. Consul General to Havanna, Cuba, 1896–1898. Major General of U.S. Volunteers in the Spanish-American War. Retired as brigadier general, U.S. Army, 1901.
	Lee, George Washington Custis	Brigadier General rank, nom: June 25, 1863 local volunteers; not acted on Major General rank, nom: October 20, 1864 re-nom: January 18, 1865 conf: February 24, 1865	September 16, 1832, Fort Monroe, Virginia	February 18, 1913, near Alexandria, Virginia; Buried: Lexington, Virginia	USMA, 1854	Pre-war: Eldest son of General Robert E. Lee. First in class at USMA, engineer officer. Resigned as first lieutenant, U.S. Army, May 2, 1861. War: Captain of engineers, constructed Richmond, Virginia defenses. Commissary of subsistence, Army of the Northwest, August 1, 1861–August 31, 1861. Served on staff of President Jefferson Davis with the rank of colonel, August 31, 1861–June 25, 1863. Richmond Local Defense Forces and Local Defenses, June 25, 1863–March 1865. No active field service until he organized clerks and mechanics for defense of Richmond near end of war. Captured at Battle of Sayler's Creek; paroled immediately because of mother's illness. Post-war: President of Washington College, later Washington and Lee University, succeeding his father in 1870 and serving until 1897. Retired to "Ravensworth", an ancestral home near Alexandria, Virginia and died there in 1913.
	Lee, Robert E.	Brigadier General (ACSA) rank, conf: May 14, 1861 nom: May 15, 1861 General (ACSA) rank: June 14, 1861 nom, conf: August 31, 1861	January 19, 1807, "Stratford", Westmoreland County, Virginia	October 12, 1870, Lexington, Virginia	USMA, 1829	Pre-war: Son of Light-Horse Harry Lee. Removed to small house at Alexandria, Virginia after father's financial losses in land speculation. Second in class at USMA. Married Mary Ann Randolph Custis, great grand-daughter of Martha Washington, June 30, 1831. Succeeded to Custis estate of "Arlington" across the Potomac River from Washington, D.C. Mexican-American War veteran, fought with Maj. Gen. Winfield Scott. Engineer. Supervised construction or improvement of Forts Pulaski, Monroe, Hamilton and Carroll. Superintendent of USMA, 1855–1855. Lt. Colonel, 2nd U.S. Cavalry, 1857–1861. Led U.S. Marine detachment against John Brown at Harper's Ferry, October 1859. Resigned as colonel, U.S. Army, April 20, 1861. War: Commander of Virginia land and naval forces. Major general and commander in chief of Provisional Army of Virginia, April 22, 1861–June 8, 1861. Led West Virginia Campaign, September 21, 1861–November 5, 1861. Examined South Atlantic seaboard defense, November 5, 1861–March 4, 1862. Military adviser to Confederate President Jefferson Davis, March 13, 1862–May 31, 1862, devised plan for Jackson's Valley Campaign to divert Union forces from Peninsula Campaign. Command of Army of Northern Virginia, June 1, 1862, after General Joseph Johnston was wounded at Battle of Seven Pines. Led that army through all campaigns and battles until surrender at Appomattox Court House, April 9, 1865. Thanks of Confederate Congress on January 8, 1864. Turned more defensive after Battle of Gettysburg and held off Union Army for 10 months during Siege of Petersburg through skilful use of field fortifications and entrenchments. Given command of all Confederate armies, January 23, 1865. Opposed guerrilla warfare after surrender. Set an example of conduct on return to Union. Post-war: President of Washington College, later Washington and Lee University, died 1870.
	Lee, Stephen Dill	Brigadier General rank, nom: November 6, 1862 conf: April 22, 1863 Major General rank, nom: August 3, 1863 conf: February 17, 1864 Lieutenant General rank, nom: June 23, 1864 cancelled: February 23, 1865 re-nom: March 11, 1865 conf: March 16, 1865	September 22, 1833, Charleston, South Carolina	May 28, 1908, Vicksburg, Mississippi	USMA, 1854	Pre-war: Resigned as first lieutenant and regimental quartermaster, U.S. Army, February 20, 1861. War: AAG, AIG, Charleston forces, March 6, 1861–April 11, 1861. Captain and ADC to General Beauregard, April 11, 1861– June 1861. Captain June 1861, major, November 1861, lieutenant colonel, March 1862. Colonel, July 9, 1862, 4th Virginia Cavalry. Served in artillery through Battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg). Assigned to Lt. General Pemberton at Vicksburg. Captured July 4, 1863, exchanged October 13, 1863. Command of Cavalry in Department of Mississippi, Alabama, West Tennessee and East Louisiana. Youngest Confederate lieutenant general. Assumed command of Hood's old corps when Hood succeeded Johnston as commander of Army of Tennessee. Wounded at Spring Hill, Tennessee. Led corps during Franklin–Nashville Campaign and Carolinas Campaign. Post-war: Farmer, state senator, first president of Mississippi State University (Mississippi A & M College). Leading figure in the United Confederate Veterans, commander-in-chief, 1904–1908.
	Lee, William Henry Fitzhugh "Rooney"	Brigadier General rank: September 15, 1862 nom: September 26, 1862 conf: October 3, 1862 Major General rank, nom: April 23, 1864 conf: June 9, 1864	May 31, 1837, "Arlington", Virginia	October 15, 1891, near Alexandria, Virginia	Harvard College, 1857	Pre-war: Second oldest son of General Robert E. Lee. Commissioned into U.S. Army for two years, resigned as second lieutenant, May 31, 1857, then planter. War: Captain, Virginia Provisional Army, May 10, 1861. Major, May 1861. Lieutenant colonel, January 18, 1862, Colonel, April 28, 1862, 9th Virginia Cavalry Regiment. Participated in most campaigns of Cavalry Corps of the Army of Northern Virginia. Unhorsed and run over, Boonsboro, Maryland, September 15, 1862. Severely wounded at the Battle of Brandy Station, June 1863. Captured by the Union Army while recovering, at Hickory Hill, Virginia, June 26, 1863, exchanged February 25, 1864 for Neal Dow. In command of cavalry at Battle of Appomattox Court House. Post-war: President of Virginia Agricultural Society. State senator for four years. U.S. House of Representatives, 1887–1891. Died at "Ravensworth" near Alexandria, Virginia.
	Leventhorpe, Collett	Brigadier General (special) rank: February 3, 1865 nom: February 14, 1865 conf: February 18, 1865 declined: March 6, 1865	May 15, 1815, Exmouth, Devonshire, England	December 1, 1889, Wilkes County, North Carolina; Buried: Happy Valley, Caldwell County, North Carolina	Winchester College, England	Pre-war: Served as captain in British Army. Moved to North Carolina and married into prominent family. War: Colonel, October 25, 1861, 34th North Carolina Infantry, then colonel, April 2, 1862, 11th North Carolina Infantry. Duty mainly in North Carolina. Then with Army of Northern Virginia at Gettysburg. Badly wounded, captured and not exchanged for nine months, until March 10, 1864. Then, appointed brigadier general of North Carolina state forces and operated on the Roanoke River and Weldon Railroad until the end of the war. For unknown reasons, declined the appointment as brigadier general, CSA, on March 6, 1865 and remained with state troops collecting stragglers.
File:Joseph Horace Lewis.jpg	Lewis, Joseph Horace	Brigadier General rank: September 30, 1863 nom: October 1, 1863 conf: January 25, 1864	October 29, 1824, Glasgow, Kentucky	July 6, 1904, Scott County, Kentucky; Buried: Glasgow, Kentucky	Centre College, 1843	Pre-war: Lawyer, three-term Kentucky legislator. Colonel, Kentucky Militia. War: Colonel, 6th Kentucky Infantry, November 1, 1861. Fought at Shiloh, Murfreesboro, Chickamauga. Command of Orphan Brigade after death of Ben Hardin Helm. After fall of Atlanta, brigade was mounted, attached to Maj. Gen. Wheeler's cavalry corps and opposed Union Maj. Gen. Sherman in his march to the sea and in the Carolinas. Surrendered as part of Jefferson Davis's escort, paroled at Washington, Georgia, May 9, 1865. Post-war: Lawyer at Glasgow, Kentucky, two terms in state legislator, three terms in U.S. Congress, May 10, 1870–March 3, 1873. Judge in Kentucky for 18 years starting in 1880, last four years as chief justice of the court of appeals. Resided on farm in Scott County, Kentucky until his death there.
	Lewis, William Gaston	Brigadier General (temporary) rank: May 31, 1864 nom, conf: June 2, 1864	September 3, 1835, Rocky Mount, North Carolina	January 7, 1901, Goldsboro, North Carolina	University of North Carolina, 1855	Pre-war: School teacher in North Carolina and Florida, government surveyor in Minnesota, assisted in construction of Wilmington and Weldon Railroad, 1858–1861. War: Served in Bethel Regiment, 1st North Carolina Infantry, from April 21, 1861. Major, January 17, 1862, 33rd North Carolina Infantry. Lieutenant colonel, Spril 25, 1862, colonel, April 22, 1863, 43rd North Carolina Infantry. Fought at Gettysburg, Plymouth, North Carolina, Siege of Petersburg. In Valley Campaigns of 1864. Wounded at Stephenson's Depot, Virginia, July 20, 1864. Siege of Petersburg again. Wounded and captured at Battle of Farmville, April 7, 1865, during Appomattox Campaign. Post-war: Civil engineer for more than 30 years; chief engineer of North Carolina for 13 years, superintendent, Raleigh and Gaston Railroad.
File:Liddell.jpg	Liddell, St. John Richardson	Brigadier General rank: July 12, 1862 nom: July 17, 1862 conf: September 30, 1862	September 6, 1815, Woodville, Mississippi	February 14, 1870, on Black River, Louisiana; Buried: Jonesville, Louisiana	Attended University of Virginia, 1833–February 1835 dismissed	Pre-war: Planter. Killed two men in duels, 1852. War: Colonel, ADC for Maj. Gen. Hardee, September 15, 1861– January 1862; confidential courier for Gen. A. S. Johnston, January 1862– April 6, 1862; ADC to General P.G.T. Beauregard, April 6, 1862–June 14, 1862. Commanded brigade at Corinth. Brigadier general, July 17, 1862. Battles: Second Corinth, Perryville, Murfreesboro (Stones River), Chickamauga, Red River Campaign, Defense of Mobile, Fort Blakely. Post-war: On February 14, 1870, Liddell was murdered by Charles Jones, former Lt. Col., 17th Louisiana Infantry, and his two sons aboard a steamboat (1852 feud and duels were a motive). Buried on his plantation near Jonesville in Catahoula Parish, Louisiana.
	Lilley, Robert Doak	Brigadier General (temporary) rank: May 31, 1864 nom, conf: June 2, 1864	January 28, 1836, Greenville, Virginia	November 12, 1886, Richmond, Virginia; Buried: Staunton, Virginia	Washington College (Washington and Lee University)	Pre-war: Sold surveying instruments invented by father. War: In Charleston at fall of Fort Sumter. Recruited company which fought in Western Virginia campaign of 1861 as part of 25th Virginia Infantry. Captain, May 25, 1861, major, January 28, 1863, lieutenant colonel, August 20, 1863, 25th Virginia Infantry. Battles: Cedar Mountain, Second Bull Run (Second Manassas), Antietam (Sharpsburg), Gettybsburg. Major, January 1863, lieutenant colonel after Gettysburg. In Overland Campaign. Assigned to Lt. Gen. Early's old brigade. Wounded 3 times. Captured near Winchester, Virginia when wounded in July 1864 reconnaissance. Arm amputated, released July 24, 1864. In charge of reserve units in Shenandoah Valley thereafter. Post-war: Financial agent for Washington College (later Washington and Lee University); member of the Presbyterian Synod of Virginia. Died while attending a meeting of the Synod.
File:L H Little USA ACW.jpg	Little, Lewis Henry	Brigadier General nom: April 5, 1862 rank, conf: April 16, 1862	March 19, 1817, Baltimore, Maryland	September 19, 1862, Iuka, Mississippi; Buried: Baltimore, Maryland		Pre-war: Commissioned directly into U.S. Army, 1839. Mexican-American war veteran. Resigned as captain, U.S. Army, May 7, 1861. War: Major of artillery, May 1861. Colonel, AAG, Missouri State Guard, May 18, 1861–January 23, 1862. Colonel and AAG on staff of Brig. Gen. Sterling Price, August 1861. Commanded brigade at Pea Ridge (Elkhorn Tavern). Gen. Bragg assigned him to command a division after evacuation of Corinth. Fought under Price at Iuka. While talking with Price, Louis Hebert and Whitfield at Iuka, September 19, 1862, a ball passed under Price's arm and struck Little in the forehead, killing him instantly.
File:T M Logan BGen CSA ACW.jpg	Logan, Thomas Muldrup	Brigadier General (temporary) rank: February 15, 1865 nom: February 22, 1863 conf: February 23, 1863	November 3, 1840, Charleston, South Carolina	August 11, 1914, New York, New York; Buried Richmond, Virginia	South Carolina College (University of South Carolina), 1860	War: Volunteer during bombardment of Fort Sumter, then first lieutenant, May 1861, captain, July 1861, Major September 17, 1862, lieutenant colonel, December 1862, colonel, May 19, 1864, Hampton's Legion. Wounded at Gaines's Mill in Seven Days' Battles. Fought at Antietam (Sharpsburg), in Suffolk campaign, at Chickamauga and at Knoxville. Wounded at Riddell's Shop, Virginia, June 13, 1864. With Wade Hampton in South Carolina. Commanded brigade in South Carolina. Post-war: Lawyer. Career in railroad development. Along with J. P. Morgan, a principal organizer of Southern Railway Company (now Norfolk Southern Railway Company). Active in Democratic Party positions.
	Lomax, Lunsford L.	Brigadier General rank: July 23, 1863 nom: July 30, 1863 conf: February 17, 1864 Major General (temporary) rank, nom: August 10, 1864 conf: February 20, 1865	November 3, 1835, Newport, Rhode Island	May 28, 1913, Washington, D.C. Buried: Warrenton, Virginia	USMA, 1856	Pre-war: Born to a Virginia family. Father was stationed at Newport, Rhode Island with 3rd U.S. Artillery Regiment. Resigned as first lieutenant, U.S. Army, April 25, 1861. War: Staff officer until 1863. IG of Army of West Tennessee. Colonel, February 8, 1863, 11th Virginia Cavalry Regiment. Gettysburg. Overland Campaign. Commanded cavalry in Valley Campaign of 1864, including Winchester, Cedar Creek. Command of Valley District. Surrendered at Greensboro. Post-war: Farmer. President of Virginia Polytechnic Institute (Virginia Tech), 1885–1899. Spent next six years helping to compile the Official Records of the war. A commissioner of Gettysburg National Military Park.
	Long, Armistead L.	Brigadier General (artillery) rank, nom: September 21, 1863 conf: February 17, 1864	September 3, 1825, Campbell County, Virginia	April 29, 1891, Charlottesville, Virginia	USMA, 1850	Pre-war: Resigned as ADC to Brig. Gen. Edwin V. Sumner, Sr., and as first lieutenant, U.S. Army, June 10, 1861. War: Major of artillery, July 1861, in Confederate service, then staff officer, April 21, 1862. Became military secretary to General Lee when Lee took command of Army of Northern Virginia. Assigned to command artillery of 2d Corps, September 23, 1863–April 9, 1865. Post-war: Engineer for Virginia Canal Company. Became totally blind in 1870. President Grant appointed his wife postmistress of Charlottesville, Virginia. Wrote biography of Lee and several historical articles.
	Longstreet, James "Pete", "Old Pete"	Brigadier General rank, nom: June 17, 1861 conf: August 28, 1861 Major General rank, nom: October 7, 1861 conf: December 13, 1861 Lieutenant General rank: October 9, 1862 nom: October 10, 1862 conf: October 11, 1862	January 8, 1821, Edgefield District, South Carolina	January 2, 1904, Gainesville, Georgia	USMA, 1842	Pre-war: Indian Wars, Mexican-American War (wounded). Resigned as major and PM, U.S. Army, June 1, 1861. War: Fought at Battle of First Bull Run (First Manassas). Battles: Peninsula Campaign, Battle of Second Bull Run (Second Manassas), Battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg). Occupied Marye's Heights at Battle of Fredericksburg. Commanded right wing at Battle of Gettysburg. Detached for service in western theater. Fought at Battle of Chickamauga. Failed to take and hold Knoxville. Returned to Army of Northern Virginia for Battle of the Wilderness, severely wounded by his own men on return from a night scout after the first day, similar to Stonewall Jackson at Chancellorsville, near same location. In Siege of Petersburg and Appomattox Campaign. Post-war: Republican and friend of U.S. Grant after the war. President, Great Southern & Western Life and Accident Insurance Company. President, New Orleans and Northwester Railroad, 1870–1872. Maj. Gen. Louisiana Militia, 1870– 1875. Moved to Georgia, 1875. U.S. IRS agent, postmaster, Gainesville, Georgia, 1879–1880. U.S. Minister to Turkey, 1880– 1881. U.S. marshal, 1881– 1884. Commissioner of Pacific railroads, 1897–1904. Wrote memoirs. Last of Confederate full and permanent lieutenant generals to die.
	Loring, William Wing "Blizzards"	Brigadier General rank, nom: May 20, 1861 conf: August 28, 1861 Major General rank, nom: February 15, 1862 conf: February 17, 1862	December 4, 1818, Wilmington, North Carolina	December 30, 1886, New York, New York; Buried: St. Augustine, Florida	Georgetown College	Pre-war: Family moved to Florida soon after born. Fought against the Seminoles. Lawyer, Florida state legislator. Lost arm in Mexican-American War. Stayed in the regular army and was youngest U.S. Army colonel at time of Civil War. Resigned as colonel, U.S. Army, May 13, 1861. War: Relieved of duty by Stonewall Jackson because of arguments during the Romney Expedition. In command in Southwest Virginia. Then in Mississippi, cut off from Vicksburg at Baker's Creek and escaped capture. Commanded a division in the Army of Tennessee until the end of the war. Wounded at Ezra Church, Georgia, July 28, 1864. Senior major general on active service when he surrendered with General Joseph Johnston. Post-war: General in Egyptian Army after the war. Returned to U.S. in 1879.
	Lovell, Mansfield	Major General rank, nom: October 7, 1861 conf: December 13, 1861	October 20, 1822, Washington, D.C.	June 1, 1884, New York, New York	USMA, 1842	Pre-war: Mexican-American War veteran (wounded twice). Resigned as first lieutenant and brevet captain, U.S. Army, December 18, 1854. Iron worker. Deputy street commissioner in New York City. War: Not appointed as brigadier general; immediate major general appointment. Assigned to New Orleans, but had to evacuate city due to attack by superior Union forces. At Second Battle of Corinth. No further assignments despite requests by Generals Johnston and Hood. Deputy commander in chief of Georgia militia, May 1864–September 1864. Volunteer ADC to Joseph E. Johnston. Post-war: Returned to New York and was assistant engineer working on removal of East River obstructions.
	Lowrey, Mark Perrin	Brigadier General rank: October 4, 1863 nom: October 6, 1863 conf: February 17, 1864	December 30, 1828, McNairy County, Tennessee	February 27, 1885, Middleton, Tennessee; Buried: Blue Mountain, Mississippi		Pre-war: Son of Irish immigrants; father died, family moved to Tishomingo County, Mississippi, 1845. Mexican-American War veteran. Brick mason. Baptist minister, 1853–1861. War: Commanded 4th Mississippi State Troops, a 60-day regiment, then colonel 32nd Mississippi Infantry in 1862. Fought in Kentucky campaign, at Chickamauga. Fought in Atlanta campaign, Franklin–Nashville campaign. Resigned March 14, 1865. Post-war: Founded Blue Mountain Female Institute, Blue Mountain Mississippi, 1873. President and professor of history and moral science until his death. Fell dead at train station at Middleton, Tennessee.
File:RLowry.jpg	Lowry, Robert	Brigadier General rank: February 4, 1865 nom: February 8, 1865 conf: February 13, 1865	March 10, 1830, Chesterfield District, South Carolina	January 19, 1910, Jackson, Mississippi		Pre-war: Parents moved to Tennessee, then to Tishomingo County, Mississippi. Mercantile businessman, then lawyer, Mississippi legislator. War: Enlisted as private, May 1861, major, August 1861, colonel, May 23, 1862, 6th Mississippi Infantry. Twice wounded at Shiloh. AAG November 5, 1863–July 1864. Led regiment in Atlanta campaign, Franklin–Nashville campaign. Promoted to brigadier general after death of Brig. Gen. John Adams at Franklin. With Gen. Joseph E. Johnston in the Carolinas, at Bentonville, and at surrender at Greensboro. Post-war: State senator for two years. Governor of Mississippi, January 9, 1881–January 13, 1889. Defeated for U.S. Senate seat. State commander of United Confederate Veterans, 1903–1910.
	Lyon, Hylan B.	Brigadier General rank, nom, conf: June 14, 1864	February 22, 1836, Caldwell (now Lyon) County, Kentucky	April 25, 1907, Eddyville, Kentucky	USMA, 1856	Pre-war: USMA, 1856. Resigned as first lieutenant, U.S. Army, April 30, 1861. War: Battery captain, 1st Kentucky Artillery Battalion, September 30, 1861. Lieutenant colonel, January 24, 1862, 8th Kentucky Infantry. Taken prisoner at Fort Donelson, exchanged August 15, 1862 after 7 months in prison. Colonel, October 7, 1862. Served at Holly Springs, Vicksburg. Escaped with command from Vicksburg. Commanded brigade of 4 Kentucky regiments under Lt. Gen. Forrest near end of war. Command of District of Kentucky. Temporary command of all artillery at Chattanooga. Post-war: Went to Mexico briefly, farmer at Eddyville, Kentucky. One of lessees of state penitentiary and commissioner to build new branch penitentiary at Eddyville.

M

Image	Name	Rank	Date, Place of Birth	Date, Place of Death	College	Notes
	Mackall, William W.	Brigadier General rank: February 27, 1862 nom: March 5, 1862 conf: March 6, 1862	January 18, 1817, Cecil County, Maryland	August 12, 1891, "Langley", near McLean, Virginia	USMA, 1837	Pre-war: Severely wounded in Seminole War. Mexican-American War veteran. Declined U.S. Army lieutenant colonel promotion May 11, 1861, resigned as major and AAG, U.S. Army, July 3, 1861. War: Lieutenant colonel, AAG, staff of Gen. Albert S. Johnston, September 9, 1861. Captured at Island No. 10, April 7, 1862, exchanged August 15, 1862. Held District commands. Chief of staff to Gen. Bragg, April 1863, relieved at own request after Chickamauga. Chief of staff to Gen. Joseph Johnston. Declined to serve under Gen. Hood. Assigned to Macon, Georgia, forces in South Georgia in last two months of war. Post-war: Owned farms in Fairfax County, Virginia. Died at one of them, "Langley", near McLean, Virginia.
File:William MacRae.jpg	MacRae, William	Brigadier General (special) rank: November 4, 1864 nom: November 5, 1864 conf: January 17, 1865	September 9, 1834, Wilmington, North Carolina	February 11, 1882, Augusta, Georgia. Buried: Wilmington, North Carolina		Pre-war: Civil engineer. War: Enlisted as private in infantry company, May 1861, elected captain, June 11, 1861, when company included in 15th North Carolina Infantry; lieutenant colonel May 2, 1862, colonel, February 27, 1863. Fought at Seven Days' Battles, Second Bull Run (Second Manassas), Antietam (Sharpsburg), Fredericksburg. Served in North Carolina. Returned to Army of Northern Virginia for Overland Campaign. Paroled at Appomattox. Post-war: General superintendent of several southern railroads, including Western & Atlantic Railroad.
	Magruder, John Bankhead "Prince John"	Brigadier General rank, nom: June 17, 1861 conf: August 28, 1861 Major General rank: October 7, 1861 nom: October 7, 1861 conf: December 13, 1861	May 1, 1807, Port Royal, Virginia	February 18, 1871, Houston, Texas Buried: Galveston, Texas	USMA, 1830	Pre-war: Mexican-American War veteran (wounded). Resigned as captain and brevet lieutenant colonel, U.S. Army, April 20, 1861. War: Colonel, Virginia Provisional Army, May 9, 1861, CSA Artillery, May 16, 1861. With forces in and around Richmond, May 8, 1861, then Hampton Line, at beginning of war. Distinguished in the Peninsula Campaign by deceiving Union General McClellan of the strength of his force and delaying his advance so Confederates could gather forces and build defenses. Less successful in Seven Days Battles. Assigned to duty in Texas, successfully defended Galveston and dispersed Union fleet, January 1, 1863. Thanks of Congress for Galveston. Post-war: Joined Imperial forces in Mexico but returned to Texas after downfall of Maximilian. Died in comparative poverty.
	Mahone, William "Little Billy"	Brigadier General rank, nom: November 16, 1861 conf: December 13, 1861 Major General rank: July 30, 1864 nom:August 3, 1864 conf: January 17, 1865	December 1, 1826, Southampton County, Virginia.	October 8, 1895, Washington, D.C., Buried: Petersburg, Virginia	VMI, 1847	Pre-war: Engineer of several Virginia railroads, including Orange & Alexandria Railroad; Frederick & Plank Valley Railroad, Norfolk and Petersburg Railroad. President of Norfolk and Petersburg Railroad, 1858–1861. Lieutenant Colonel, April 20, 1861, Colonel, May 2, 1861, 6th Virginia Volunteer Infantry Regiment. Took part in capture of Norfolk Navy Yard. Built defenses at Drewry's Bluff. Continuously with Army of Northern Virginia for remainder of war except when recovering from severe wound at Battle of Second Bull Run (Second Manassas). Re-confirmed as brigadier general, February 17, 1864. Declined temporary appointment as major general June 1, 1864. Major general for successful defense of Confederate line at Battle of the Crater during the Siege of Petersburg. After the war, Mahone created the railroad system that became the Norfolk and Western Railway. U.S. Senator, 1881–1887.
	Major, James Patrick	Brigadier General rank: July 21, 1863 nom: July 23, 1863 conf: February 17, 1864	May 14, 1836, Fayette, Missouri	May 7, 1877, Austin, Texas Buried: Donaldsonville, Louisiana	USMA, 1856	Pre-war: Resigned as second lieutenant, U.S. Army, March 21, 1861. War: Staff of Maj. Gen. Van Dorn, Maj. Gen. Twiggs, June 1, 1861. Missouri State Guard lieutenant colonel, 1861, colonel 1861–1862. At Battle of Wilson's Creek. Acting chief of artillery for Van Dorn at Vicksburg, 1862. Wounded at Donaldsonville, Louisiana, June 28, 1863. Fought in Red River Campaign, Battles of Mansfield, Pleasant Hill. Cavalry brigade commander under Maj. Gen. John A. Wharton. Post-war: In France after war, then planter in Louisiana and Texas.
	Maney, George Earl	Brigadier General rank, nom: April 16, 1862 conf: April 18, 1862	August 24, 1826, Franklin, Tennessee	February 9, 1901, Washington, D.C. Buried: Nashville, Tennessee	University of Nashville, 1845	Pre-war: Mexican-American War veteran. Lawyer. Legislator. War: Captain, May 1861, 11th Tennessee Infantry. Colonel, May 8, 1861, 1st Tennessee Infantry. Fought in Cheat River Campaign, Stonewall Jackson's Romney Campaign, then with Army of Tennessee at Shiloh. Battles: Perryville, Murfreesboro (Stones River), Chickamauga, Chattanooga, Atlanta Campaign. Temporary command of Cheatham's division, but relieved of command, August 31, 1864 when wounded. Wounded at Ringgold, Georgia and Jonesboro, Georgia. Record states paroled at Greensboro, North Carolina, May 1, 1865. Post-war: President of Tennessee & Pacific Railroad. Diplomat in Columbia, Bolivia, Paraguay, Uruguay, 1881–1894.
File:Arthur M. Manigault.jpg	Manigault, Arthur Middleton	Brigadier General rank: April 26, 1863 nom: April 27, 1863 conf: April 30, 1863	October 26, 1824, Charleston, South Carolina	August 17, 1886, South Island, Georgetown County, South Carolina Buried: Charleston, South Carolina		Pre-war: Commission business. Mexican-American War veteran (wounded). ADC to Francis W. Pickens, April 1860, War: Captain of militia company, supervised construction of Charleston harbor batteries. AAG aide to Gen. Beauregard during attack on Fort Sumter, April 1861–May 1861. Colonel, May 31, 1861, 10th South Carolina Infantry. Commanded first military district of South Carolina. Army of Tennessee after Shiloh; fought in battles from Second Battle of Corinth to Franklin. Wounded at Resaca, Georgia. Severe head wound at Franklin, incapacitated. Post-war: Rice planter. Adjutant and IG of South Carolina, 1880–1886.
	Marmaduke, John Sappington	Brigadier General rank: November 15, 1862 nom: May 25, 1863 conf: February 17, 1864 Major General rank: March 17, 1865 nom, conf: March 18, 1865	March 14, 1833, Arrow Rock, Missouri	December 28, 1887, Jefferson City, Missouri	Attended Harvard; Yale; USMA, 1857	Pre-war Resigned as second lieutenant, U.S. Army, April 17, 1861. War: Colonel, Missouri militia, 1861. First lieutenant, ACSA, AAG, March 16, 1861. Lieutenant colonel, September 19, 1861, 1st Arkansas Battalion, colonel, January 28, 1862, 18th Arkansas Infantry (3rd Confederate Infantry), essentially a state based unit. Wounded at Shiloh. Raided Missouri twice and attacked Helena, Arkansas in 1863. Defense of Little Rock under Major General Stirling Price. Killed General Lucius M. Walker in a duel. Original major general appointment to rank from April 30, 1864, not nominated; Jefferson Davis nullified E. Kirby Smith's May 13, 1864 appointment to command of Marmaduke as a brigadier general. Fought in Red River Campaign, Price's Missouri Raid. Captured at Mine Creek, Kansas, October 25, 1864, paroled July 24, 1865. Appointed major general, March 18, 1865, the last such Confederate major general appointment, although a prisoner of war. Post-war: Businessman, editor of agricultural journal, insurance agent, railway commissioner and Governor of Missouri, January 12, 1884–December 28, 1887.
	Marshall, Humphrey	Brigadier General rank, nom: October 30, 1861 conf: December 13, 1861	January 13, 1812, Frankfort, Kentucky	March 28, 1872, Louisville, Kentucky; Buried: Frankfort, Kentucky	USMA, 1832	Pre-war: Nephew of abolitionist James G. Birney. Resigned as brevet second lieutenant, U.S. Army, 1833. Mexican-American War veteran. U.S. Congressman, March 4, 1849–August 4, 1853; March 4, 1855–March 3, 1859. U.S. minister to China, March 4, 1849–1854. Tried to maintain border state neutrality. War: Minor victory at Princeton, West Virginia. Resigned as brigadier general, June 16, 1862 but reappointed four days later; no record of further confirmation. In Gen. Bragg's Kentucky campaign. Resigned June 17, 1863. Lawyer at Richmond, Virginia; elected to Second Confederate Congress (from Kentucky). Post-war: Went to Texas; Mexico, returned to Louisiana, then to Louisville to practice law in 1866.
	Martin, James Green "One Wing"	Brigadier General rank: May 15, 1862 nom: August 11, 1862 conf: September 30, 1862	February 14, 1819, Elizabeth City, North Carolina	October 4, 1878, Asheville, North Carolina	USMA, 1840	Pre-war: Mexican-American War veteran, lost right arm. Resigned as captain and brevet major, June 14, 1861. War: AG of North Carolina state troops, September 27, 1861. Major general of militia in charge of defense of North Carolina, September 28, 1861. In first year of war, North Carolina provided most, best equipped Confederate soldiers. Resigned July 25, 1862, reappointed brigadier general August 11, 1862 and confirmed as of first date appointed. In command of District of North Carolina. Fought at Siege of Petersburg. Health broke and put in command of District of Western North Carolina. Post-war: Lawyer at Asheville, North Carolina.
	Martin, William T.	Brigadier General rank, nom: December 2, 1862 conf: April 22, 1863 Major General rank: November 10, 1863 nom: November 12, 1863 conf: January 25, 1864	March 25, 1823, Glasgow, Kentucky	March 16, 1910, Natchez, Mississippi	Centre College, 1840	Pre-war: Moved to Natchez, Mississippi, 1842. Lawyer, district attorney. War: Captain, Mississippi Cavalry, July 8, 1861. Major, October 24, 1861, Jeff Davis Legion. Lieutenant colonel, February 13, 1862, colonel, July 1862, 2nd Mississippi Cavalry. Commanded rear third of Jeb Stuart's cavalry force in the ride around McClellan. Fought in Seven Days Battles, Battle of Antietam. Took part in Tullahoma campaign, Battle of Chickamauga. With Longstreet at Knoxville. Led a division under Wheeler in Atlanta campaign. Command of District of Northwest Mississippi at end of war. Post-war: Mississippi state senator for 12 years. University trustee. President of Natchez, Jackson & Columbus Railroad.
	Maury, Dabney Herndon "Little Dab", "Puss-in-Boots"	Brigadier General rank: March 12, 1862 nom: March 14, 1862 conf: March 18, 1862 Major General rank, nom: November 4, 1862 conf: April 22, 1863	May 21, 1822, Fredericksburg, Virginia	January 11, 1900, Peoria, Illinois; Buried: Fredericksburg, Virginia	University of Virginia, 1842; USMA, 1846	Pre-war: Mexican-American War veteran (wounded). Dismissed as first lieutenant, brevet captain and AAG, U.S. Army, June 25, 1861. War: Lieutenant colonel, August 28, 1861, 20th Mississippi Infantry. Colonel and chief of staff to Van Dorn. Fought at Battle of Pea Ridge. Battles of Iuka, Second Corinth. Brief service at Vicksburg and in East Tennessee. Then in command at Mobile, Alabama until the end of the war. Post-war: Founder of Southern Historical Society in 1868. Executive committee of National Guard Association. Minister to Colombia. 1886–1898. Died at home of son.
	Maxey, Samuel Bell	Brigadier General rank: March 4, 1862 nom: March 5, 1862 conf: March 6, 1862	March 30, 1825, Tompkinsville, Kentucky	August 16, 1895, Eureka Springs, Arkansas; Buried: Paris, Texas	USMA, 1846	Pre-war: Mexican-American War veteran. Resigned as second lieutenant and brevet first lieutenant, U.S. Army, September 17, 1849, to study law; moved to Texas with attorney father in 1857. Texas state senator. War: Colonel, 9th Texas Infantry, May 1861. Fought in East Tennessee, at Port Hudson, in Vicksburg campaign under Gen. Joseph E. Johnston. In command of Indian Territory, December 1863. Fought in Red River Campaign. Assigned to duty as major general by General Edmund Kirby Smith on April 18, 1864, but not subsequently appointed to that rank by President Jefferson Davis. Post-war: Lawyer, declined appointment as judge. United States Senator, March 4, 1875–March 3, 1887; defeated for re-election in 1887.
	McCausland, John "Tiger John"	Brigadier General rank: May 18, 1864 nom: May 21, 1864 conf: May 24, 1864	September 13, 1836, St. Louis, Missouri	January 22, 1927, Farm near Henderson, Mason County, West Virginia	VMI, 1857 University of Virginia, 1858	Pre-war: Asst. professor of mathematics at VMI after graduation from Virginia. War: Colonel, Virginia Militia, May 3, 1861. Colonel, July 16, 1861, 36th Virginia Infantry. In West Virginia Campaign. Escaped with command from Fort Donelson before surrender. Fought in Virginia. In 1864, assumed command at Cloyd's Mountain after Brig. Gen. Albert Jenkins's death. Fought in Valley Campaigns of 1864. Burned Chambersburg, Pennsylvania on orders of Lt. Gen. Early in retaliation of Union Army destruction of property in Shenandoah Valley. Fought at Petersburg, Five Forks. Cut way out from Appomattox before surrender. Paroled at Charleston, West Virginia. Post-war: In Europe for 2 years. Acquired 6,000 acres of land in Mason County, West Virginia and lived there for almost 60 years. Next to last surviving Confederate general.
File:WMcComb.jpg	McComb, William	Brigadier General rank: January 20, 1865 nom: February 7, 1865 conf: February 13, 1865	November 21, 1828, Mercer County, Pennsylvania	July 21, 1918, near Gordonsville, Virginia Buried: Trevilians, Virginia		Pre-war: One account gives birth year as 1832. Manufacturing interests, flour miller, contractor in Clarksville, Tennessee starting in 1854. War: Private, May 1861, 2d lieutenant, May 1861, major, April 26, 1862, lieutenant colonel, August 15, 1862, after Battle of Cedar Mountain, colonel, September 2, 1862, after Battle of Second Bull Run (Second Manassas), 14th Tennessee Infantry. Fought at Cheat Mountain; campaigns of Army of Northern Virginia. Wounded at Cold Harbor I, June 27, 1862. Severely wounded at Antietam (Sharpsburg) and Chancellorsville. Not at Gettysburg. Fought in Overland campaign, Siege of Petersburg. Paroled at Appomattox Court House. Post-war: Resided in Alabama, Mississippi. Moved to Louisa County, Virginia in 1869. Farmer.
	McCown, John P.	Brigadier General rank, nom: October 12, 1861 conf: December 13, 1861 Major General rank: March 10, 1862 nom: March 11, 1862 conf: March 13, 1862	August 19, 1815, Sevierville, Tennessee	January 22, 1879, Helena, Arkansas Buried: Magnolia, Arkansas	USMA, 1840	Pre-war: Mexican-American War veteran. Resigned as captain, U.S. Army, May 17, 1861. War: Lieutenant colonel, May 9, 1861, colonel, May 17, 1861, Tennessee Artillery Corps. Brigade command, September 7, 1861. Major general appointment re-confirmed March 18, 1862. Battles of Belmont, New Madrid, Fort Pillow. Temporary command of Army of the West; command in East Tennessee. Battle of Murfreesboro (Stones River). Bragg preferred charges against him for disobedience of orders and he served out the war without significant command. Defended Catawba River crossing in April 1865 with one artillery piece and 300 men against a division of Union cavalry. Post-war: teacher, farmer at Magnolia, Arkansas. Died at a Masonic Lodge meeting.
	McCulloch, Ben	Brigadier General rank, nom, conf: May 11, 1861	November 11, 1861, Rutherford County, Tennessee	March 7, 1862, Pea Ridge, Arkansas Buried: Austin, Texas		Pre-war: Elder brother of General Henry E. McCulloch. Battle of San Jacinto. Wounded in a duel with future Confederate colonel Reuben Ross in 1839. Mexican-American War veteran. 49er. U.S. marshal in Texas for 6 years. Colonel, Texas militia. War: Major general, Texas militia. Received surrender of General Twiggs at San Antonio. Brigadier general in command in Arkansas. Victorious at Battle of Wilson's Creek. Thanks of Congress for Wilson's Creek. Killed in action at the Battle of Pea Ridge (Elkhorn Tavern), March 7, 1862, while directing the right wing of the army, clothed in a black velvet suit because he refused to wear a uniform. Second ranking brigadier general at time of death.
	McCulloch, Henry Eustace	Brigadier General rank, nom: March 14, 1862 conf: March 18, 1862	December 6, 1816, Rutherford County, Tennessee	March 12, 1895, Rockport, Texas Buried: Seguin, Texas		Pre-war: Younger brother of General Ben McCulloch. Sheriff of Guadalupe County, Texas, 1843. Mexican-American War veteran. State legislator, U.S. marshal. War: Colonel 1st Texas Mounted Riflemen, April 15, 1862. Served almost entirely within Texas except for unsuccessful campaign to relieve Vicksburg and unsuccessful storming of Union fortifications at Milliken's Bend. Post-war: Farmer in Guadelupe County, Texas.
	McGowan, Samuel	Brigadier General rank: January 17, 1863 nom: January 23, 1863 conf: April 23, 1863	October 9, 1819, Laurens District, South Carolina	August 9, 1897, Abbeville, South Carolina	University of South Carolina, 1841	Pre-war: Lawyer. Mexican-American War veteran. State legislator, 13 years. War: Major general of South Carolina militia, commanded brigade at Fort Sumter. ADC to Milledge L. Bonhan, March 1861– July, 1861. Lieutenant colonel, September 9, 1861, colonel, August 11, 1862, 14th South Carolina Infantry in 1862. Wounded four times: Cold Harbor, June 27, 1862; Second Bull Run; Chancellorsville; Spotsylvania. Fought in all Army of Northern Virginia battles except when recovering from wounds. Post-war: U.S. Congress refused to seat him immediately after the war. State legislator, 1878. Associate justice of South Carolina Supreme Court, 1879–1893.
	McIntosh, James M.	Brigadier General rank, nom: November 4, 1862 conf: January 24, 1862	1828, Fort Brooke, now Tampa, Florida	March 7, 1862, Pea Ridge, Arkansas Buried: Fort Smith, Arkansas	USMA, 1849	Pre-war: Son of Colonel James S. McIntosh, USA, who was mortally wounded at Battle of Molino Del Ray in Mexican-American War. Brother of Union Brevet Major General John B. McIntosh, graduate of U.S. Naval Academy. Last in class at USMA. Resigned as captain, U.S. Army, May 7, 1861. War: ADC to Henry M. Rector, April 1861. Colonel, May 1, 1861, 2d Arkansas Mounted Rifles. ADC to Ben McCulloch, July 29, 1861. Wounded at Wilson's Creek. Killed at the Battle of Pea Ridge (Elkhorn Tavern), March 7, 1862.
	McLaws, Lafayette	Brigadier General rank, nom: September 25, 1861 conf: December 13, 1861 Major General rank, nom: May 23, 1862 conf: September 27, 1862	January 15, 1821, Augusta, Georgia	July 24, 1897, Savannah, Georgia	University of Virginia, 1838 USMA, 1842	Pre-war: Nephew of Zachary Taylor, cousin in law to Richard Taylor and Jefferson Davis. Mexican-American War veteran (wounded). Resigned as captain, U.S. Army, March 23, 1861. War: Assistant quartermaster Defenses of Savannah, April 18, 1861–May 31, 1861. Assistant quartermaster Defenses of Georgia, May 31, 1861–June 1861. Colonel, June 17, 1861, 10th Georgia Infantry Regiment. In Peninsula campaign. Relieved by Longstreet because of insubordination, failure of assault at Fort Sanders in Knoxville campaign. Court martial charges ordered dropped by Samuel Cooper, January 5, 1864. Restored to command by President Davis. Court-martialed by Braxton Bragg for neglect of duty, February 3, 1864, found guilty May 4, 1864, returned to duty by Jefferson Davis the same day. Assigned to command in Georgia and under Joseph E. Johnston. Post-war: Insurance business, collector of internal revenue, postmaster of Savannah.
	McNair, Evander	Brigadier General rank, nom: November 4, 1862 conf: April 22, 1863	April 15, 1820, Richmond County, North Carolina	November 13, 1902, Hattiesburg, Mississippi Buried: Magnolia, Mississippi		Pre-war: Family moved to Mississippi in 1821. Merchant. Mexican-American War veteran. Moved to Washington, Arkansas, 1856. War: Captain, August 17, 1861, lieutenant colonel, May 1861, colonel, October 29, 1861, 4th Arkansas Infantry. Brigade command August 25, 1862. Fought at Wilson's Creek, Pea Ridge (Elkhorn Tavern), Richmond, Kentucky. Fought at Murfreesboro (Stones River), with Gen. Joseph E. Johnston's forces near Vicksburg. Wounded at Chickamauga. With Price in Missouri Raid, 1864. Post-war: Resident of New Orleans, Louisiana, Magnolia, Mississippi and Hattiesburg, Mississippi.
	McRae, Dandridge	Brigadier General rank, nom: November 5, 1862 conf: April 22, 1863	October 10, 1829, Baldwin County, Alabama	April 23, 1899, Searcy, Arkansas	South Carolina College (University of South Carolina), 1849	Pre-war: Lawyer and 6-year court clerk at Searcy, Arkansas. War: IG of state on staff of Governor Henry Massey Rector, 1861. Major, July 15, 1861, 3rd Battalion Arkansas Infantry. Lieutenant colonel, December 3, 1861, colonel, January 1862, 21st Arkansas Infantry. Fought at Wilson's Creek, Pea Ridge (Elkhorn Tavern). Fought in effort to capture Helena, Arkansas to relieve Vicksburg. Fought in Red River Campaign (Camden Expedition) at Battles of Marks Mills, Jenkins' Ferry. Post-war: Resigned commission in late 1864 and returned to Searcy to practice law. Deputy Secretary of State, 1881. Promoted commerce of the state.
	Mercer, Hugh Weedon	Brigadier General rank, nom: October 29, 1861 conf: December 20, 1861	November 27, 1807, Fredericksburg, Virginia	June 9, 1877, Baden-Baden, Germany; Buried: Savannah, Georgia	USMA, 1828	Pre-war: Grandson of Revolutionary War General Hugh Mercer. Resigned as first lieutenant, U.S. Army, on April 30, 1835; settled at Savannah, Georgia, cashier of Planters' Bank, 1841–1861. War: Colonel, April 13, 1861, 1st Georgia Volunteer Infantry. Brigadier general re-nominated June 6, 1864, re-confirmed June 10, 1864. Commanded at Savannah; fought in Atlanta Campaign. Accompanied Lt. Gen. Hardee to Savannah after Battle of Jonesboro due to ill health and had no more field duty. Post-war: Arrested and tried for murder, December 6, 1865, acquitted January 24, 1866. Returned to banking after the war. Moved to Baltimore in 1869, commission merchant. In declining health, spent last 5 years of life in Baden-Baden, Germany, where he died June 9, 1877.
	Miller, William	Brigadier General (temporary) rank: August 2, 1864 nom: August 5, 1864 conf: February 20, 1865	August 3, 1820, Ithaca, New York	August 8, 1909, Point Washington, Florida Buried: Pensacola, Florida	Louisiana College	Pre-war: Soon after William's birth, family moved to Louisiana. Mexican-American War veteran. Moved to Pensacola, Florida, operated a saw mill. Lawyer. War: Commanded battalion of 6 companies as major, 1861. Major, April 1862, colonel, August 15, 1862, 1st Florida Infantry. Initial brigade command, October 8, 1862. Fought in Kentucky campaign; wounded at Perryville, seriously wounded at Murfreesboro (Stones River). Commander of conscripts for State of Florida. Brigadier general in command of Florida reserve forces. Commanded District of Florida. Post-war: Farmer, lumber business, one term in lower house of Florida legislature, two terms in Florida senate.
	Moody, Young Marshall	Brigadier General rank: March 4, 1865 nom: March 11, 1865 conf: March 13, 1865	June 23, 1822, Chesterfield, Virginia	September 18, 1866, New Orleans, Louisiana		Pre-war: Moved to Marengo County, Alabama at age 20. Teacher, merchant, clerk of circuit court, 1856–1861. War: Captain, May 1861, 11th Alabama Infantry. Helped raise 43rd Alabama Infantry, elected lieutenant colonel, April 1862, colonel, November 4, 1862. Fought in Kentucky campaign, at Chickamauga, in Knoxville campaign. At Siege of Petersburg under Gen. Beauregard. Severely wounded at Battle of Drewry's Bluff. In brigade command after Brig. Gen. Gracie's death, December 2, 1864. Paroled at Appomattox Court House. Post-war: Went to Mobile, Alabama to engage in business. Died of yellow fever while in New Orleans on business.
	Moore, John Creed	Brigadier General rank: May 26, 1862 nom: September 19, 1862 re-nom: March 2, 1863 conf: April 11, 1863 recalled: April 13, 1863	February 28, 1824, Hawkins County, Tennessee	December 31, 1910, Osage, Texas	Emory and Henry College; USMA, 1849	Pre-war: Seminole Wars. Resigned as first lieutenant U.S. Army, February 28, 1855. Civil engineer; professor at Shelby College, Kentucky in 1860. Moved to Texas. War: Captain Louisiana Artillery, March 24, 1861. Defenses of Galveston, Texas, June 25, 1861–October 2, 1861. Organized and elected colonel, September 2, 1861, 2d Texas Infantry at Galveston, Texas. Commended by Maj. Gen. Withers for Battle of Shiloh. First brigade command, May 1862. Brigadier general confirmation recalled and tabled. Fought at Second Corinth, Vicksburg. Captured July 4, 1863 and exchanged October 16, 1863. Then sent to help with Mobile, Alabama defenses. In command of Eastern and Western Districts of Department of the Gulf, December 10, 1863. Resigned from C.S. Army, February 3, 1864. Post-war: Taught school in Texas and wrote many magazine and journal articles.
	Moore, Patrick T.	Brigadier General rank: September 20, 1864 nom: September 23, 1864 conf: January 17, 1865	September 22, 1821, Galway, Ireland	February 19, 1883, Richmond, Virginia		Pre-war: Family went to Canada, 1835. Moved to Richmond, Virginia in 1850. Merchant and militia captain. War: Colonel, 1st Virginia Militia, April 21, 1861. Colonel, Virginia Provisional Army, June 15, 1861. Colonel, July 1, 1861, 1st Virginia Infantry. Severely wounded and incapacitated for field duty at Blackburn's Ford, Virginia, July 18, 1861, 3 days before First Bull Run. Volunteer aide to Gen. Joseph E. Johnston at Seven Pines and to Lt. Gen. Longstreet at Seven Days Battles. Court martial duty. Helped organized Virginia reserve forces in 1864, brigade commander, May 18, 1864. At end of war commanded brigade of Lt. Gen. Ewell's Richmond local defense troops, but no record he accompanied them during Appomattox campaign. Paroled at Manchester, Virginia, April 30, 1865. Post-war: insurance business at Richmond.
	Morgan, John Hunt "Thunderbolt"	Brigadier General rank, nom: December 11, 1862 conf: April 22, 1863	June 1, 1825, Huntsville, Alabama	September 3, 1864, Greeneville, Tennessee; Buried: Lexington, Kentucky	Transylvania University	Pre-war: Two of his sisters married Lt. Gen. A. P. Hill and Brig. Gen. Basil Duke. Mexican-American War veteran. Manufactured hemp and engaged in general merchandise business at Lexington, Kentucky. Kentucky Militia captain, 1852–1854 and 1857–1861. War: Joined forces with Brig. Gen. Buckner at start of war. Captain, September 1861, colonel, April 2, 1862, 2nd Kentucky Cavalry. First brigade command, October 31, 1862. Conducted a series of raids in Tennessee, Kentucky, Indiana and Ohio; received Thanks of Confederate Congress. Raided into Ohio in 1863, captured near New Lisbon, Ohio, imprisoned in Ohio State Penitentiary with several officers. Escaped, made way south, in command in East Tennessee, December 1863– May 2, 1864, Trans–Allegheny Department (Southwestern Virginia), May 2, 1864–August 22, 1864. Killed in garden of house where he had been sleeping September 3, 1864, at Greeneville, Tennessee while on way to Knoxville to attack Union forces there.
	Morgan, John Tyler	Brigadier General rank: November 16, 1863 nom: November 17, 1863 conf: February 17, 1864	June 20, 1823, Athens, Tennessee	June 11, 1907, Washington, D.C.; Buried: Selma, Alabama		Pre-war: Family moved at age 9 to Calhoun County, Alabama. Studied law at Tuskegee and admitted to bar in 1845. Moved to Selma, Alabama, 1855. War: Enlisted at private, Alabama infantry, April 1861. Major, May 5, 1861, 5th Alabama Infantry. Resigned in May 1862, major of cavalry, and recruited and elected colonel, August 11, 1862, 51st Alabama Partisan Rangers. Declined first offer to command Rodes's old brigade as brigadier general July 14, 1863. Resigned 1863. Colonel, September 1863, 51st Alabama Cavalry. First brigade command, September 1863. Fought at First Bull Run (First Manassas), Murfreesboro (Stones River), Chickamauga and in harassment of Sherman's march across Georgia. At end of the war he was trying to recruit black troops in Mississippi. Post-war: Lawyer, U.S. Senator, March 4, 1877–June 11, 1907. Made long effort for building a canal in Central America to pass from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean.
	Mouton, Jean J.A.A.	Brigadier General rank, nom: April 16, 1862 conf: April 18, 1863	February 18, 1829, Opelousas, Louisiana	April 8, 1864, Mansfield, Louisiana; Buried: Lafayette, Louisiana	St. Charles College; USMA, 1850	Pre-war: Son of ex-Governor and U.S. Senator Alexander Mouton. Learned English as young man. Resigned soon after graduation to become railroad construction engineer, New Orleans and Opelousas Railroad. Brigadier general of state militia, 1850–1861. War: Captain, ACSA Infantry, March 16, 1861, resigned July 16, 1861. Colonel, October 5, 1861, 18th Louisiana Infantry, October 1861. First brigade command, April 1862. Fought at Battle of Shiloh, dangerously wounded. Led a brigade under Lt. Gen. Richard Taylor. In command of his brigade and that of Brig. Gen. de Polignac at Battle of Mansfield in the opening of the Red River campaign, killed in action leading a charge.

N

Name	Rank	Date, Place of Birth	Date, Place of Death	College	Notes
Nelson, Allison	Brigadier General rank: September 12, 1862 nom, conf: September 26, 1862	March 11, 1822, Fulton County, Georgia	October 7, 1862, Austin, Texas; Buried: Little Rock, Arkansas.		Pre-war: Lawyer. Mayor of Atlanta. State legislator, 1848–1849; 1859–1860. Mexican-American War veteran. Supported independence for Cuba, brigadier general under General Narcisco Lopez. In Kansas during the "border troubles". Moved to Texas in 1856. Texas legislator. Fought Indians in Bosque County, Texas. War: Raised and elected colonel, September 1861, 10th Texas Infantry. First brigade command June 1862. In minor engagement at DeVall's Bluff on the White River. Assigned to command two brigades under then Maj. Gen. Holmes the day after falling ill of typhoid (camp) fever from which he died.
Nicholls, Francis Redding Tillou	Brigadier General rank, nom: October 14, 1862 conf: April 22, 1863	August 20, 1834, Donaldsville, Louisiana	January 4, 1912, Thibodeaux, Louisiana.	USMA, 1855 University of Louisiana (Tulane)	Pre-war: Resigned as second lieutenant, U.S. Army, October 1, 1856, to study law. Practicing law at Napoleonville, Louisiana. War: Captain, May 1861, lieutenant colonel, June 9, 1861, 8th Louisiana Infantry. Fought at First Bull Run (First Manassas) and in Jackson's Valley Campaign of 1862. Wounded at Winchester and lost left arm; captured May 26, 1862, exchanged for Samuel M. Bowman, September 30, 1862. Colonel, July 24, 1862, 15th Louisiana Infantry. Left foot torn off at Chancellorsville; leg amputated. Commanded at Lynchburg, Virginia August 11, 1863–May 17, 1864, command of reserve forces of Virginia brigade, May 17, 1864–July 28, 1864; then in charge of volunteer and conscript bureau in Trans–Mississippi Department. Post-war: Lawyer, judge. Governor of Louisiana, January 8, 1877–January 13, 1880, May 21, 1888–May 16, 1892. Suppressed Louisiana Lottery in second term. Associate justice or chief justice of Louisiana Supreme Court from 1882 to 1911, except during second term as governor.
Northrop, Lucius B.	Brigadier General rank: November 26, 1864 nomination not sent for Senate confirmation	September 8, 1811, Charleston, South Carolina	February 9, 1894, Pikesville, Maryland Buried: Baltimore, Maryland	USMA, 1831. Jefferson Medical College	Pre-war: Severely wounded in Seminole Wars, 1839, and put on sick furlough. Studied and practiced medicine. Dropped for running a private practice in Charleston but restored by Jefferson Davis. Resigned as captain, U.S. Army, January 8, 1861. War: Colonel and commissary general of the Confederacy, March 27, 1861–February 16, 1865. Responsibility for providing food for soldiers and Union prisoners. Appointed brigadier general to rank from November 26, 1864 but nomination not forwarded to Confederate Senate; nonetheless shown on full general list by Wright (U.S. War Dept.), Warner. Relieved February 15, 1865. Arrested June 30, 1865 on suspicion of deliberately starving Union prisoners. Charges dropped, October 31, 1865. Post-war: Farmer near Charlottesville, Virginia until 1890 when paralyzed. Moved to Maryland. Died at Confederate Home, Pikesville, Maryland.

O

Image	Name	Rank	Date, Place of Birth	Date, Place of Death	College	Notes
	O'Neal, Edward Asbury	Colonel Brigadier General: commission cancelled				See incomplete appointments section below.

P

Image	Name	Rank	Date, Place of Birth	Date, Place of Death	College	Notes
	Page, Richard Lucian "Ramrod", "Bombast"	Brigadier General rank: March 1, 1864 nom: March 7, 1864 conf: June 9, 1864	December 20, 1807, Clarke County, Virginia	August 9, 1901, Blue Ridge Summit, Pennsylvania, Buried: Norfolk, Virginia		Pre-war: First cousin of Robert E. Lee. Midshipman in U.S. Navy, 1824. Commander, 1855. Sea duty throughout the world, three tours of ordnance duty, executive officer of Norfolk Navy Yard. Dismissed as commander, U.S. Navy, April 18, 1861. War: Designed and supervised construction of works on James River and Nansemond River. Assigned ordnance officer at Norfolk. Promoted to captain and established ordnance and naval construction bureau at Charlotte, North Carolina. Took part in naval battle of Port Royal, South Carolina. Transferred to Confederate States Army. In command of outer defenses of Mobile Bay. Compelled to surrender after Union sea and land attack of August 1864. Captured at Fort Morgan, Alabama, August 23, 1864. Paroled from Fort Delaware, July 24, 1865. Post-war: at Norfolk, Virginia, superintendent of city schools, 1875–1883.
	Palmer, Joseph B.	Brigadier General rank: November 15, 1864 (temporary) nom: December 3, 1864 conf: December 7, 1864	November 1, 1825, Rutherford County, Tennessee	November 4, 1890, Murfreesboro, Tennessee	Union College, Murfreesboro, Tennessee, 1848.	Pre-war: Lawyer, state legislator, 1849–1853, mayor of Murfreesboro, 1855–1859. War: Captain, May 1861, colonel, June 1861, 18th Tennessee Infantry. Captured at Fort Donelson, February 16, 1862 exchanged August 15, 1862. Initial brigade command, October 20, 1862. Wounded three times at Battle of Murfreesboro (Stones River). Severely wounded at Chickamauga, returned for Atlanta campaign. Wounded at Jonesboro. In Franklin–Nashville campaign; Palmer's brigade was in rear guard after Nashville. Commanded Tennessee regiments in Carolinas campaign. Fought and wounded at Bentonville, paroled at Greensboro, May 1, 1865. Post-war: Resumed law practice.
	Parsons, Mosby M.	Brigadier General rank, nom: November 5, 1862 conf: April 30, 1863	May 21, 1822, Charlottesville, Virginia	October 15, 1865, China, Nuevo León, Mexico	St. Francis College	Pre-war: Moved to Cole County, Missouri as a young man. Lawyer, Mexican-American war veteran. Attorney general of Tennessee, 1853–1857. War: Commanded pro-Confederate 6th Division of Missouri State Guard until April 9, 1862, then commander in chief of Missouri State Guard until commissioned brigadier general in Confederate States Army. Fought at Carthage, Springfield, Pea Ridge (Elkhorn Tavern) and in Arkansas campaigns. Fought in the Red River campaign and Camden expedition, including the battles of Pleasant Hill, Marks' MIlls and Jenkins' Ferry. Assigned to duty as major general by Gen. E. Kirby Smith, April 30, 1864 but never officially appointed. With Maj. Gen. Sterling Price in 1864 raid into Missouri. Post-war: Went to Mexico. Apparently was killed by Republican irregulars while fighting for Imperialist forces, probably on October 15, 1865 in the vicinity of China, Nuevo León state.
	Paxton, Elisha F. "Bull"	Brigadier General rank, nom: November 1, 1862 conf: April 22, 1863	March 4, 1828, Rockbridge County, Virginia	May 3, 1863, Chancellorsville, Virginia Buried: Lexington, Virginia	Washington College, 1845, Yale University, 1847, University of Virginia Law School.	Pre-war: Practiced law in Ohio, returned to Lexington, Virginia in 1854. Ceased practicing law in 1859 due to failing eyesight. War: First lieutenant of Rockbridge Rifles, part of 27th Virginia Infantry, April 18, 1861. Fought and wounded at First Bull Run (First Manassas). Major, October 14, 1861, 27th Virginia Infantry. In Jackson's Valley campaign of 1862 as a major on Stonewall Jackson's staff. Assigned to command as brigadier general with the Stonewall Brigade, September 1, 1862. Fought with command at Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville. Killed at Chancellorsville, May 3, 1863, when struck by a Minie ball while in the front line.
	Payne, William H.F.	Brigadier General rank: November 1, 1864 nom: November 4, 1864 conf: January 17, 1865	January 27, 1830, Fauquier County, Virginia	March 29, 1904, Washington, D.C.; Buried: Warrenton, Virginia	VMI, 1848, University of Virginia Law School, 1850.	Pre-war: Commonwealth attorney, 1856, at Warrenton, Virginia. War: Enlisted as a private. Captain, April 26, 1861, major, September 17, 1861, 4th Virginia Cavalry. Wounded and captured at Williamsburg in May 1862, exchanged August 15, 1862. Lt. colonel, 2nd North Carolina Cavalry. Wounded and captured at Hanover, Pennsylvania, June 30, 1863 during Gettysburg campaign. Exchanged May 8, 1864. Wounded at Five Forks. Captured near Warrenton on night of President Lincoln's assassination. Released, paroled from Johnson's Island, Ohio, May 29, 1865. Post-war: Lawyer, one term in Virginia house of delegates, 1879. Moved to Washington, D.C. and became general counsel of Southern Railway.
	Peck, William R. "Big Peck"	Brigadier General rank: February 18, 1865 nom., conf: February 22, 1865	January 31, 1818, Mossy Creek, (Jefferson City) Jackson County, Tennessee	January 22, 1871, Milliken's Bend, Louisiana; Buried: Jefferson City, Tennessee.		Pre-war: Moved to Louisiana in early 1840s; planter. War: Enlisted as a private on July 7, 1861 in 9th Louisiana Infantry, future Lt. Gen. Richard Taylor was the first colonel, Brig. Gen. Leroy Stafford was the second, Peck was the third. Captain, 1861, lieutenant colonel, April 24, 1862, colonel, October 8, 1863. Fought in all the battles of Army of Northern Virginia from First Bull Run (First Manassas) until the last week of the war. Commanded brigade with rank of colonel in several actions including Battle of Monocacy. Wounded at Winchester, Virginia, September 19, 1864. Not at Appomattox, paroled at Vicksburg, June 6, 1865. He repeatedly placed himself in danger while in command in battle but was never wounded. Post-war: Died January 22, 1871 at his plantation; buried in family cemetery.
	Pegram, John	Brigadier General rank: November 7, 1862 nom: November 10, 1862 conf: April 23, 1863	January 24, 1832, Petersburg, Virginia	February 6, 1865, Dabney's Mill, Virginia; Buried: Richmond, Virginia	USMA, 1854	Pre-war: Resigned as first lieutenant, U.S. Army, May 10, 1861. War: Lieutenant colonel, 20th Virginia Infantry, July 1861. Wounded at Battle of Rich Mountain, captured at Elkins, Virginia, two days later, July 13, 1861. Exchanged January 24, 1862 for James M. Bomford. Colonel, chief engineer, staffs of Generals Beauregard, Bragg. Battles of Murfreesboro (Stones River), Chickamauga. Transferred to Army of Northern Virginia, commanded infantry brigade at the Wilderness, where wounded. Valley Campaigns of 1864. Commanded Rodes's division after Rodes's death at Winchester but was not formally promoted to major general. Killed in action at Dabney's Mill (Hatcher's Run), February 6, 1865.
	Pemberton, John Clifford	Brigadier General rank, nom: June 17, 1861 conf: August 28, 1861 Major General nom: January 10, 1862 rank, conf: January 14, 1862 Lieutenant General rank, conf: October 10, 1862 conf: October 13, 1862	August 10, 1814, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania	July 13, 1881, Penllyn, Pennsylvania Buried: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania	USMA, 1837	Pre-war: Mexican-American War veteran, wounded. Wife was from Norfolk, Virginia. Resigned as captain, U.S. Army, April 29, 1861. War: AAG, forces in and around Richmond, April 29, 1861. Colonel, May 8, 1861. Major, artillery, June 15, 1861. Commander of Department of Georgia, South Carolina and Florida. Assigned to command of Department of Mississippi and Louisiana and defense of Vicksburg. Surrendered Vicksburg on July 4, 1863. Captured July 4, 1863, exchanged October 13, 1863. No further duty for his rank was found for him. He resigned as a general officer on May 9, 1864 but was then appointed lieutenant colonel of artillery and on January 7, 1865 became IG of artillery. Post-war: Lived on farm at Warrenton, Virginia. Returned to Pennsylvania in 1876.
	Pender, William Dorsey	Brigadier General rank, nom: July 22, 1862 conf: September 30, 1862 Major General rank: May 27, 1863 unconfirmed: died	February 6, 1834, Edgecomb County, North Carolina	July 18, 1863, Staunton, Virginia; Buried: Tarrboro, North Carolina	USMA, 1854	Pre-war: Resigned as captain, U.S. Army, March 21, 1861. War: Colonel of 3rd (later 13th) North Carolina Volunteer Infantry Regiment, May 27, 1861; transferred to 6th North Carolina Infantry, August 6, 1861. Fought at Battle of Seven Pines. Fought in engagements from Seven Days Battles to Battle of Chancellorsville. Wounded five times before Gettysburg. Initial brigade command May 27, 1862. Division command at the Battle of Gettysburg, mortally wounded on the second day of that battle, died at Staunton, Virginia, July 18, 1863, after infection in leg and amputation on long retreat after battle.
	Pendleton, William N.	Brigadier General nom: March 25, 1862 rank, conf: March 26, 1862	December 26, 1809, Richmond, Virginia	January 15, 1883, Lexington, Virginia	USMA, 1830	Pre-war: Resigned as second lieutenant, U.S. Army, October 31, 1833. Teacher at Bristol College (Pennsylvania), Newark College (Delaware), Episcopal minister. War: Captain of Virginia Artillery, May 1, 1861. Colonel, Artillery, July 13, 1861. Wounded at First Bull Run. Chief of Artillery of General Joseph E. Johnston. Wounded twice. Nominal chief of artillery of Army of Northern Virginia but mainly administrative work in last two years of war. Often preached to troops. Post-war: Resumed rector position in Lexington, Virginia.
	Perrin, Abner Monroe	Brigadier General rank:September 10, 1863 nom: September 17, 1863 conf: February 17, 1864	February 2, 1827, Edgefield District, South Carolina	May 12, 1864, Spotsylvania Court House, Virginia; Buried: Fredericksburg, Virginia		Pre-war: Mexican-American War veteran. Lawyer, Columbia, South Carolina. War: Captain, July 1861, colonel, February 20, 1863, 14th South Carolina Infantry. Fought in the Seven Days' Battles, at Cedar Mountain, Second Bull Run (Second Manassas), Harpers Ferry, Antietam (Sharpsburg), Fredericksburg (wounded). Led regiment, then brigade (after McGowan was wounded) at Chancellorsville. Led brigade at Gettysburg. Fought at the Wilderness. Killed at the battle of Spotsylvania Court House, May 12, 1864, while leading his men to reinforce the Confederate line after Union forces took the Mule Shoe salient.
File:GovEAPerry.jpg	Perry, Edward Aylesworth	Brigadier General rank: August 28, 1862 nom: September 15, 1862 conf: September 30, 1862	March 15, 1831, Richmond, Massachusetts	October 15, 1889, Kerrville, Texas; Buried: Pensacola, Florida	Yale University University of Alabama Law School	Pre-war: Lawyer at Pensacola, Florida, 1857–1861. War: Captain, May 1861, colonel, May 1862, 2nd Florida Infantry. Severely wounded at Battle of Frayser's Farm during the Seven Days' Battles. Led Florida brigade at Chancellorsville. Contracted typhoid fever. Returned for start of Overland campaign, severely wounded at Battle of the Wilderness. Upon return, assigned to reserve forces of Alabama. Post-war: Lawyer and opponent of carpetbag rule. Governor of Florida, January 6, 1885–January 13, 1889. Did not seek re-election. Died from a stroke, October 15, 1889, visiting Kerrville, Texas.
	Perry, William F.	Brigadier General rank: February 21, 1865 nom: February 28, 1865 conf: March 16, 1865	March 12, 1823, Jackson County, Georgia	December 18, 1901, Bowling Green, Kentucky		Pre-war: Parents moved family to Alabama when he was 10 years old. Self-taught. Admitted to bar in 1854 but did not practice law. Twice elected as Alabama's first superintendent of public instruction. President of East Alabama Female College, 1858–1862. War: Private, May 6, 1862, major, May 16, 1862, lieutenant colonel September 1, 1862, colonel, September 17, 1862, 44th Alabama Infantry. Fought at Second Bull Run (Second Manassas), Antietam (Sharpsburg), Gettysburg, Chickamauga, the Wilderness and Spotsylvania Court House. Wounded at Gettysburg, New Market Heights. After battle of Cold Harbor, led Law's brigade until surrender at Appomattox Court House. Post-war: Planter in Alabama for 2 years. Moved to Kentucky and for many years was professor of English and philosophy at Ogden College, Bowling Green, Kentucky.
	Pettigrew, James Johnston	Brigadier General nom: February 24, 1862 rank, conf: February 26, 1862	July 4, 1828, Tyrrell County, North Carolina	July 17, 1863, Bunker Hill, Virginia; Buried: Tyrrell County, North Carolina	University of North Carolina 1847, age 18	Pre-war: Two years as assistant professor at the United States Naval Observatory, Washington, D.C. Studied law, traveled abroad, practiced law in Charleston, South Carolina legislator, colonel South Carolina Militia. War: Served in Charleston Harbor at fall of Fort Sumter. Private, April 1861, colonel, April 1861, 1st South Carolina Rifles, Hampton's Legion. Colonel, July 11, 1861, 12th (22nd) North Carolina Infantry. Fought in Peninsula Campaign; wounded and captured at Seven Pines. Exchanged August 15, 1863. Defenses of Petersburg and North Carolina. Commanded Heth's division after Heth was wounded at Gettysburg. Led division against center of Union Army line on Cemetery Ridge at Gettysburg in charge on third day known as Pickett's Charge. Mortally wounded on July 14, 1863 at Falling Waters, Maryland while commanding rear guard of Army of Northern Virginia in retreat from Gettysburg; died July 17, 1863.
	Pettus, Edmund Winston	Brigadier General rank: September 18, 1863 nom: September 19, 1863 conf: February 17, 1864	July 6, 1821, Limestone County, Alabama	July 27, 1907, Hot Springs, North Carolina Buried: Selma, Alabama	Clinton College, Smith County, Tennessee	Pre-war: Lawyer, 1842, moved to Gainesville, Alabama. Solicitor of district; judge of Alabama seventh circuit. Moved to Cahaba, Alabama, 1858. In 1861, sent as commissioner to Mississippi where his brother, John J. Pettus, was governor. War: Helped recruit 20th Alabama Infantry, elected major, September 9, 1861, then lieutenant colonel, October 8, 1861, colonel May 28, 1863. Captured December 29, 1862; exchanged. Captured at Fort Gibson, May 1, 1863, escaped. Captured at Vicksburg, July 4, 1863; exchanged September 12, 1863. Fought with Army of Tennessee from Chattanooga to Bentonville. Wounded at Bentonville. Postwar: Lawyer and politician at Selma, Alabama. United States Senator from Alabama, March 4, 1896–December 27, 1907.
	Pickett, George E.	Brigadier General nom: January 10, 1862 rank, conf: January 14, 1862 Major General rank, nom: October 10, 1862 conf: October 11, 1862	January 28, 1825, Richmond, Virginia	July 30, 1875, Norfolk, Virginia; Buried: Richmond, Virginia	USMA, 1846, last in class	Pre-war: Mexican-American War veteran. Defied British in 1859 in occupation of San Juan Island. Resigned as captain, U.S. Army, June 25, 1861. War: Colonel, Artillery, July 23, 1861.In Northern Virginia, September 23, 1861–February 28, 1862. Peninsula Campaign; severely wounded at Battle of Gaines Mill. Battles of Fredericksburg, Suffolk. Advanced his division against center of Union line on Cemetery Ridge at Gettysburg on July 3, 1863, the third day of the battle, along with divisions led by Pettigrew and Trimble, under Longstreet, in action which became known as Pickett's Charge. Later commanded Department of Virginia and North Carolina. Defense of Petersburg. Defeated by Sheridan at Battle of Five Forks while away from front line for most of battle. Relieved of command after Battle of Sayler's Creek but remained with army until surrender at Appomattox three days later. Post-war: Insurance agent at Norfolk, Virginia until death in 1875.
	Pike, Albert	Brigadier General nom: August 13, 1861 rank: August 15, 1861 conf: August 16, 1861	December 29, 1809, Boston, Massachusetts	April 2, 1891, Washington, D.C.	Harvard University	Pre-war: Prominent lawyer, explorer, editor, translator of French and Indian dialects and land owner in Arkansas. Mexican-American War veteran. Fought an inconclusive duel with John S. Roane, July 29, 1847. War: Responsible for recruiting Native American (Indian) troops. Pike was blamed for his Native American troops dubious conduct at Battle of Pea Ridge (Elkhorn Tavern). Resigned July 12, 1862, resignation accepted November 11, 1862. Post-war: Indicted for treason but pardoned April 23, 1866 and civil rights eventually restored. Lived in Memphis, editor. Moved to Washington, D.C., 1868. Writer of legal treatises, poems and other works, teacher, advocate of Freemasonry. Masonic Scottish Rite Sovereign Grand Master, 1859–1891.
	Pillow, Gideon J.	Brigadier General rank, nom: July 9, 1861 conf: August 28, 1861 re-conf: February 17, 1864	June 8, 1806, Williamson County, Tennessee	October 8, 1878, near Helena, Arkansas Buried: Memphis, Tennessee	University of Nashville, 1827.	Pre-war: Law partner of President James K. Polk. Brigadier general of volunteers in Mexican-American War, wounded. Quarreled with General Scott but was upheld by Polk. War: Senior major general of Tennessee provisional army in 1861. Thanks of Congress for Battle of Belmont. Second in command at Fort Donelson. Passed command to Brigadier General Simon Buckner after Brigadier General John B. Floyd passed command to him. Escaped with Floyd before surrender. Relieved of duty by Jefferson Davis, April 16, 1862. Resignation accepted October 21, 1862, rescinded December 10, 1862. Assigned to volunteer and conscript bureau in Tennessee. Commissary general of prisoners from February 1865 after death of General John Winder. Post-war: Practiced law with former Tennessee governor Isham G. Harris.
	De Polignac, Camille A.J.M. "Pole-Cat"	Brigadier General rank, nom: January 10, 1863 conf: April 23, 1863 Major General rank:April 8, 1864 nom: June 11, 1864 conf: June 13, 1864	February 16, 1832, Millemont, Seine-et-Oise, France Buried: Frankfort-on-Maine, Germany	November 15, 1913, Paris, France	College Stanislaus, Paris.	Pre-war: Son of the president of King Charles X's Council of Ministers. French Army lieutenant, 1853–1859. Crimean War veteran. In Central America when war began; moved to Louisiana. War: Lieutenant colonel, July 16, 1861, on staffs of Gen. Beauregard and Gen. Bragg. Served in Louisiana with Lt. Gen. Richard Taylor. AIG, Army of Mississippi, July 17, 1862–July 1863. Initial brigade command, July 1863. Fought in Red River campaign battles, including Mansfield, Pleasant Hill. Ran blockade March 17, 1865 in order to urge Napoleon III to intervene on behalf of the Confederacy. War ended soon after he arrived in Spain. Post-war: Led 1st French Division in Franco-Prussian War; awarded the Legion of Honour. Studied mathematics and achieved a reputation in the field. Died November 15, 1913, Paris, France, last survivor of Confederate major generals.
	Polk, Leonidas	Major General rank, nom: June 25, 1861 conf: August 28, 1861 Lieutenant General rank, nom: October 10, 1862 conf: October 11, 1862	April 10, 1806, Raleigh, North Carolina	June 14, 1864, Pine Mountain, Georgia; Buried: New Orleans, Louisiana	USMA, 1827	Pre-war: Uncle of Brigadier General Lucius E. Polk. Third cousin of President James K. Polk. Resigned as brevet second lieutenant U.S. Army almost immediately after graduation, December 1, 1827, and became an Episcopal bishop. Moved to Louisiana, 1841. Co-founder of University of the South, Tennessee, 1856–1860. War: Thanks of Congress for Battle of Belmont. Army of Tennessee corps commander at Shiloh, Perryville, Murfreesboro (Stones River), Chickamauga, opening of Atlanta campaign. Censured by General Bragg for dilatory tactics at Chickamauga. Killed by Union artillery shell at Pine Mountain, Georgia, near Marietta, Georgia, during the Atlanta campaign on June 14, 1864 while in the company of Generals Joseph E. Johnston and Hardee. First buried in Augusta, Georgia.
	Polk, Lucius E.	Brigadier General rank: December 13, 1862 nom: December 20, 1862 conf: April 22, 1863	July 10, 1833, Salisbury, North Carolina	December 1, 1892, Columbia, Tennessee Buried: Ashwood Tennessee	University of Virginia, 1850–1851	Pre-war: At age 2, family moved to plantation near Columbia, Tennessee. Nephew of Lt. Gen. Leonidas Polk. Planter near Helena, Arkansas. War: Enlisted as a private, May 1861, second lieutenant, January 1862, colonel April 11, 1862, 15th Arkansas Infantry. Succeeded Maj. Gen. Patrick Cleburne in brigade command, December 14, 1862. Fought at Murfreesboro (Stones River), Chickamauga, Chattanooga, Atlanta campaign. Wounded at Shiloh, Richmond, Kentucky, Perryville. Severely wounded for the fourth time at Battle of Kennesaw Mountain in June 1864. Retired from Army, July 1864; returned to old home near Columbia, Tennessee. Post-war: Delegate to Democratic National Convention in 1884. Elected to state senate in 1887. Two sons served in Spanish-American war; one was later a U.S. Congressman from Pennsylvania.
	Posey, Carnot	Brigadier General rank: November 1, 1862 nom: March 5, 1863 conf: April 22, 1863	August 5, 1818, Wilkinson County, Mississippi	November 13, 1863, Charlottesville, Virginia	University of Virginia Law School	Pre-war: Planter for some years, then lawyer at Woodville, Mississippi. Mexican-American War veteran, wounded. President Buchanan appointed him U.S. District Attorney for Southern District of Mississippi, 1858–1861. War: Captain of Wilkinson Rifles, captain Mississippi infantry, May 21, 1861. Colonel, June 4, 1861, 16th Mississippi Infantry. Wounded at Cross Keys. Fought at First Bull Run (First Manassas), Ball's Bluff (Leesburg), and in further campaigns of the Army of Northern Virginia. Initial brigade command August 30, 1862. Mortally wounded at Battle of Bristoe Station, October 14, 1863. Slight leg wound became infected, died November 13, 1863, Charlottesville, Virginia. Buried on the grounds of University of Virginia.
	Preston, John S.	Brigadier General rank, nom, conf: June 10, 1864	April 20, 1809, The Salt Works, near Abingdon, Virginia	May 1, 1881, Columbia, South Carolina.	Hampden-Sydney College University of Virginia, Harvard Law School	Pre-war: Lawyer at Abingdon, Virginia. Moved to Columbia, South Carolina, then moved to Louisiana and engaged in sugar planting. Returned to South Carolina in 1848. State senator for 8 years. Lived abroad, 1856–1860. Head of state delegation to 1860 Democratic Party convention. Commissioner to Virginia to plead for secession of that state. War: Lieutenant colonel and AAG to General Beauregard at Fort Sumter, First Bull Run (First Manassas). Staff Officer. Colonel, April 23, 1863. Served in command of prison camps, conscript camps and from July 30, 1863 as superintendent of bureau of subscription in Richmond, Virginia. Post-war: Lived in England, 1865–1868. Returned to South Carolina, 1868.
	Preston, William	Brigadier General rank: April 14, 1862 nom: April 16, 1862 conf: April 18, 1862	October 16, 1816, Louisville, Kentucky	September 21, 1887, Lexington, Kentucky, Buried: Louisville, Kentucky.	Harvard University Law School	Pre-war: Lawyer at Louisville. Mexican-American War veteran. Elected to both houses of Kentucky legislature. U.S. Representative from Kentucky, December 6, 1852–March 3, 1855. Minister to Spain, 1858–1861. War: Colonel, on staff of brother-in-law, General Albert Sidney Johnston, until Johnston was killed at the Battle of Shiloh. Battles of Second Corinth, Murfreesboro (Stones River), Chickamauga. In 1864, appointed Confederate minister to Imperial Mexican government but could not reach Maximilian's court; spent remainder of war in Trans–Mississippi Department. No record of supposed promotion to major general. Post-war: Went to Mexico, England, Canada; returned to Kentucky, 1866. Member of lower house of Kentucky legislature, 1868–1869.
	Price, Sterling "Old Pap"	Major General rank, nom, conf: March 6, 1862	September 20, 1809, Prince Edward County, Virginia	September 29, 1867, St. Louis, Missouri	Hampden-Sydney College graduate.	Pre-war: Lawyer, merchant. Moved to Missouri in 1831 and purchased a farm in Chariton County. Six years in Missouri legislature; speaker for four years. U.S. Representative, March 4, 1846–August 12, 1846. Mexican-American War veteran. Military governor of New Mexico. Governor of Missouri, January 3, 1853–January 5, 1857. President of state convention that opposed secession but disagreed with extreme Unionists and joined pro-Confederate Missouri State Guard as major general. War: Major general, Missouri State Guard, May 18, 1861–March 17, 1862. Combined with General Ben McCulloch at Battle of Wilson's Creek to defeat Union General Nathaniel Lyon. Captured Lexington, Missouri and 3,000 prisoners but forced to retreat to Arkansas. Battle of Pea Ridge (Elkhorn Tavern). Appointment major general without previous appointment to brigadier general. Wounded at Wilson's Creek, Pea Ridge. Iuka, Second Corinth. Failed to retake Helena, Arkansas. Aided General E. Kirby Smith in repulsing Union Major General Frederick Steele's Camden Expedition. Thanks of Confederate Congress twice, Lexington, Pea Ridge. Raided Missouri in September and October, 1864. Ultimately defeated at Battle of Westport, retreated to Texas until the end of the war. Post-war: Went to Mexico but returned to U.S. in 1867 when Maximillian's rule in Mexico collapsed. Died of cholera at St. Louis in 1867.
	Pryor, Roger Atkinson	Brigadier General nom: April 1, 1862 rank, conf: April 16, 1862	July 19, 1828, Petersburg, Virginia	March 14, 1919, New York, New York, Buried Princeton, New Jersey.	Hampden-Sydney College, 1845; University of Virginia Law School.	Pre-war: Lawyer, newspaper editor, U.S. Commissioner to Greece, 1855–1857 and U.S. Congressman, December 7, 1859–March 3, 1861. War: Resigned from Provisional Confederate Congress to join army as ADC to Gen. Beauregard and Jefferson Davis, April 1861, and colonel, April 20, 1861, 3rd Virginia Infantry. CSA Provisional Congress and Representative from Virginia, January 15, 1862–April 5, 1862. Resigned to rejoin army, April 5, 1862. Led brigade at Seven Days' Battle, Second Bull Run (Second Manassas), Antietam (Sharpsburg). Stationed south of James River but in 1863 his regiments were reassigned. Resigned August 18, 1863 and served as a special courier and spy without rank for the cavalry. Captured as private, 3rd Virginia Cavalry, November 27, 1864, not released until paroled (but not exchanged) February 25, 1865, by order of President Lincoln. Post-war: Went to New York in 1865, associated with the Daily News and was admitted to the state bar. Practiced law, judge of the court of common pleas and state supreme court; last seven years, a special referee of the appellate division of the court.

Q

Image	Name	Rank	Date, Place of Birth	Date, Place of Death	College	Notes
	Quarles, William Andrew	Brigadier General rank: August 25, 1863; nom. September 5, 1863; conf. January 25, 1864	July 4, 1825, near Jamestown, Virginia	December 28, 1893, Logan County, Kentucky Buried: Christian County, Kentucky	University of Virginia Law School, 1848	Pre-war: Family moved to Christian County, Kentucky when he was age 5. Lawyer; circuit court judge, supervisor of banks for Tennessee; president of Memphis, Clarksville and Louisville Railroad. War: Major, AAG, October 24, 1861. Colonel 42nd Tennessee Infantry, November 28, 1861. Captured at Battle of Fort Donelson, February 16, 1862. Exchanged September 30, 1862. Served at Port Hudson, fought in Vicksburg Campaign. Fought in Atlanta campaign, wounded. Fought in Franklin–Nashville campaign. Wounded at Battle of Franklin, captured near Franklin, December 18, 1864, paroled May 25, 1865. Post-war: Lawyer. Tennessee state senator, elected 1880, 1884. Died at the home of a daughter in Kentucky.

R

Name	Rank	Date, Place of Birth	Date, Place of Death	College	Notes
Rains, Gabriel J.	Brigadier General rank, nom: September 23, 1861 conf: December 13, 1861	June 4, 1803, Craven County, North Carolina	August 6, 1881, Aiken, South Carolina	USMA, 1827	Pre-war: Brevet major for Seminole Wars. Lieutenant colonel, 5th U.S. Infantry, June 5, 1860; resigned July 31, 1861. War: Command of brigade on the Peninsula. In falling back from Yorktown, he devised the anti-personnel mine and deployed them in roads, causing a large number of Union casualties. Major General Longstreet forbade further use of the mines during the campaign. Fought at Seven Pines and was severely criticized by A. P. Hill and relieved. First superintendent of the volunteer and conscript bureau, December 1862–May 1863, but apparently a cover for Confederate States Navy Torpedo Bureau. Set up mine and torpedo defenses at several threatened cities and harbors for duration of war. Post-war: Resided in Atlanta; then clerk in quartermaster department at Charleston, South Carolina, 1877–1880.
Rains, James Edward	Brigadier General rank, nom: November 4, 1862 not confirmed, died	April 10, 1833, Nashville, Tennessee	December 31, 1862, Murfreesboro, Tennessee; Reburied: Nashville, Tennessee	Yale Law School, 1854, age 21.	Pre-war: Attorney at Nashville. City attorney, 1858; associate editor of the Nashville Banner. District attorney general for Davidson, Williamson and Sumner counties, 1860. War: Private, April 1861, captain, May 2, 1861, colonel, May 10, 1861, 11th Tennessee Infantry. Initial brigade command, March 1862. Occupied Cumberland Gap during winter of 1861–1862. Flanked out of that position in June 1862. During E. Kirby Smith's advance in Kentucky, Major General Stevenson's division, including Rains's brigade, operated against the Union General Morgan in Cumberland Gap. Assigned to John P. McCown's division of Lt. Gen. Hardee's corp in the Battle of Murfreesboro (Stones River). Killed in action leading his men against a Union battery.
Ramseur, Stephen Dodson	Brigadier General rank, nom: November 1, 1862 conf: April 22, 1863 Major General (temporary) nom: May 31, 1862 rank, conf: June 1, 1862.	May 31, 1837, Lincolnton, North Carolina	October 20, 1864, Meadow Mills, Virginia; Buried: Lincolnton, North Carolina	Davidson College USMA, 1860	Pre-war: Resigned as second lieutenant, U.S. Army, April 6, 1861. War: Captain of Ellis Light Artillery. Captain, May 1861. Lieutenant colonel, May 27, 1861, 3rd North Carolina Volunteer Infantry Regiment. Thrown from horse and broke collarbone, July 25, 1861. Colonel, April 12, 1862, 49th North Carolina Volunteer Infantry Regiment. Seven Days' Battles. Severely wounded at Battle of Malvern Hill. Wounded again at Battle of Chancellorsville. Wounded at Battle of Spotsylvania Court House. With General Jubal Early in Valley Campaigns of 1864. Major general, age 27. Mortally wounded at the Battle of Cedar Creek, October 19, 1864; captured, died the next day.
Randolph, George Wythe	Brigadier General rank, nom, conf: February 12, 1862	March 10, 1818, Charlottesville, Virginia	April 3, 1867, Charlottesville, Virginia	University of Virginia	Pre-war: Born at Monticello, the home of his maternal grandfather, Thomas Jefferson. Midshipman in Navy, age 13, served for 6 years. Resigned from U.S. Navy, 1839. Lawyer in Albemarle County, Virginia until 1850. Moved to Richmond; City Council member, 1859. Organized Richmond Howitzers artillery battery after John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry. War: Colonel and Chief of artillery to Brig. Gen. Magruder at Battle of Big Bethel, June 1861. Colonel, 1st Virginia Artillery, September 1861. Artillery, Department of Norfolk, February 1862. Confederate Secretary of War, March 18, 1862. Resigned November 17, 1862. Soon diagnosed with tuberculosis. Went to France for his health; resigned as brigadier general November 15, 1862, resigned Army commission December 18, 1864. Post-war: Returned to Virginia after the war but died of tuberculosis and pneumonia, April 3, 1867, at a family estate near Charlottesville.
Ransom, Matt Whitaker	Brigadier General rank: June 13, 1863 nom: June 15, 1863 conf: February 16, 1864	October 8, 1826, Warren County, North Carolina	October 8, 1904, Garysburg, North Carolina	University of North Carolina, 1847.	Pre-war: Lawyer. North Carolina legislator, 1858–1861. War: Private, May 1861, lieutenant colonel, May 16, 1861, 1st North Carolina Militia. Colonel, April 21, 1862, 35th North Carolina Volunteer Infantry Regiment, part of younger brother's, Robert Ransom Jr.'s, brigade. Fought at Seven Pines, Seven Days' Battles, Antietam (Sharpsburg), Fredericksburg, Plymouth, Weldon, Suffolk, siege of Petersburg. Wounded three times; paroled at Appomattox Court House. Post-war: Lawyer, farmer, then U.S. Senator from North Carolina, January 30, 1872–March 3, 1895. U.S. Minister to Mexico, 1895–1897.
Ransom, Robert Jr.	Brigadier General rank: March 1, 1862 nom: March 5, 1862 conf: March 6, 1862 Major General rank: May 26, 1863 nom: May 27, 1863 conf: February 17, 1864	February 12, 1828, Warren County, North Carolina	January 14, 1892, New Bern, North Carolina	USMA, 1850	Pre-war: Younger brother of Brigadier General Matt Whitaker Ransom. Resigned as captain and regimental adjutant, U.S. Army, May 24, 1861. War: Colonel, October 13, 1861, 1st North Carolina Cavalry, (aka 9th North Carolina Volunteers). Seven Days' Battles, Fredericksburg. Transferred to North Carolina. Defended Weldon Railroad. Commanded in Richmond and in East Tennessee. Fought with Beauregard against Union General Butler at Drewry's Bluff. Commanded cavalry during Lieutenant General Jubal Early's raid on Washington (Fort Stevens). Retired due to illness in Fall 1864. Command of second subdistrict, District of South Carolina, November 5, 1864–May 2, 1865. Post-war: Civil engineer at New Bern, North Carolina.
Reynolds, Alexander Welch "Gauley"	Brigadier General rank: September 14, 1863 nom: September 17, 1863 conf: February 17, 1864	April, 1816, Clarke County, Virginia	May 26, 1871, Alexandria, Egypt	USMA, 1838	Pre-war: Seminole War veteran. Dropped as captain, U.S. Army as AWOL, October 4, 1861. War: Colonel, 50th Virginia Infantry. July 10, 1861. Initial brigade command March 1862. With Brig. Gen. John B. Floyd in West Virginia; Kirby Smith at Knoxville. Was captured and paroled at Vicksburg and exchanged, October 13, 1863. Fought at Chattanooga and in the Atlanta campaign. Wounded at New Hope Church. In North Alabama and Middle Tennessee at the end of the war. Post-war: Colonel in several staff positions with Khedive of Egypt, 1869–1876.
Reynolds, Daniel H.	Brigadier General (special) rank: March 5, 1864 nom: March 12, 1864 conf: May 16, 1864	December 14, 1832, Centerburg, Ohio	March 14, 1902, Lake Village, Arkansas	Ohio Wesleyan; Law school Somerville, Tennessee	Pre-war: Moved to Iowa, then Tennessee. Lawyer, 1858. Moved to Lake Village, Arkansas. War: Recruited a company for Confederate service, elected captain, May 25, 1861, assigned to 1st Arkansas Mounted Rifles, fought at Battle of Wilson's Creek. Promoted to major, April 14, 1862, lieutenant colonel, May 1, 1862, and then colonel, September 20, 1863, after the battle of Chickamauga. Fought in Atlanta campaign, Franklin–Nashville campaign, wounded at Franklin. Carolinas campaign. Lost leg at Battle of Bentonville. Paroled at Charlottesville, Virginia, May 29, 1865. Post-war: Lawyer, Arkansas State Senator, 1866–1867.
Richardson, Robert Vinkler	Brigadier General rank: December 1, 1863 nom: December 3, 1863 conf: January 25, 1864 recalled January 27, 1864	November 4, 1820, Granville County, North Carolina	January 5, 1870, Clarkton, Missouri Buried: Memphis, Tennessee		Pre-war: Moved early in life to Hardeman County, Tennessee. Mexican-American War veteran. Lawyer, business associate of future Confederate generals Forrest and Pillow. War: Brigadier general of Tennessee Militia, 1861. Colonel, 1st Tennessee Partisan Rangers (12th Tennessee Cavalry), February 19, 1863. Wounded near Belmont, March 29, 1863. Fought at Shiloh, Second Corinth. Brigadier general, December 3, 1863 and duly confirmed, but nomination was recalled and returned to President Davis on February 9, 1864, at his request. Then he operated with Brigadier General James R. Chalmers until the end of the war. Post-war: Involved with railroad interests. Mortally wounded by an unknown assailant at a tavern in Clarkton, Missouri on January 5, 1870 and died the next day.
Ripley, Roswell Sabine	Brigadier General nom: August 13, 1861 rank: August 15, 1861 conf: August 16, 1861	March 14, 1823, Worthington, Ohio	March 29, 1887, New York City Buried: Charleston, South Carolina	USMA, 1843	Pre-war: Mexican-American War veteran, wrote two-volume history of the war. Nephew of Brigadier General James W. Ripley, chief of ordnance of the U.S. Army, 1861–1863. Married into the Middleton family of Charleston, South Carolina, 1852. Resigned as first lieutenant and brevet major, U.S. Army, March 2, 1853, to engage in business at Charleston. Lieutenant colonel of state forces in 1860. War: Occupied Fort Moultrie after Major Robert Anderson moved the garrison to Fort Sumter; occupied Fort Sumter after its surrender. In command in South Carolina until relieved by Major General Pemberton. Lieutenant colonel, CSA, May 1861. Fought throughout the Seven Days Battles, severely wounded at Antietam (Sharpsburg). On duty in South Carolina in 1863 and 1864. Renominated June 6, 1864, reconfirmed June 10, 1864. Ordered to General Joseph E. Johnston's army in spring 1865, arrived one day before the Battle of Bentonville. Post-war: Went to England but a manufacturing venture failed, then to France. Returned to Charleston in 1868 but spent much time in New York City.
Roane, John Selden	Brigadier General nom: March 19, 1862 rank, conf: March 20, 1862	January 8, 1817, Wilson County, Tennessee	April 8, 1867, Pine Bluff, Arkansas; Buried: Little Rock, Arkansas	Cumberland College	Pre-war: Moved to Arkansas. State legislator, 1844, elected speaker. Mexican-American war veteran. Fought a duel with Captain, later Confederate Brigadier General, Albert Pike. Governor of Arkansas, April 19, 1849–November 15, 1852. Opponent of secession, did not take up arms immediately. War: Fought at Battle of Prairie Grove. Served in Arkansas, Louisiana and Texas in garrison and detached duty. Paroled at Shreveport, Louisiana, June 11, 1865. Post-war: Planter.
Roberts, William Paul	Brigadier General rank: February 21, 1865 nom: February 22, 1865 conf: February 23, 1865	July 11, 1841, Gates County, North Carolina	March 28, 1910, Norfolk, Virginia; Buried: Gatesville, North Carolina		Pre-war: Teacher. War: Enlisted as private, June 10, 1861, age 19, sergeant, June 1861, 19th North Carolina Volunteers, November 20, 1861, 2nd North Carolina Cavalry. First lieutenant, September 13, 1862, captain, November 19, 1863, major, February 18, 1864. Served in North Carolina, then with Army of Northern Virginia after Fall 1862. Wounded in head, Haw's Shop, Virginia, June 5, 1864. Colonel, June 23, 1864. Fought at Battle of Reams' Station. Youngest general officer in Confederate service. Brigade fought well but was overcome by superior forces at Battle of Five Forks, April 1, 1865. Post-war: State auditor, 1880–1888. Virginia legislator.
Robertson, Beverly Holcombe	Brigadier General rank, nom: June 9, 1862 conf: September 30, 1862	June 5, 1827, Amelia County, Virginia	November 12, 1910, Washington, D.C.; Buried: Amelia County, Virginia	USMA, 1849	Pre-war: Dismissed as captain, U.S. Army, for disloyalty, August 8, 1861. War: Colonel 4th Virginia Cavalry, September 19, 1861. Fought in Jackson's Valley Campaign of 1862; commanded cavalry after death of General Turner Ashby. Fought at Battle of Second Bull Run (Second Manassas), duty in North Carolina, fought at battle of Gettysburg. Distrusted by Major General Jeb Stuart. Relieved and assigned to South Carolina until evacuated at the approach of Union Major General William T. Sherman. Wounded at West Buckhead Church, Georgia, November 19, 1864. Post-war: Insurance business in Washington, D.C.
Robertson, Felix Huston	Brigadier General (temporary) rank: July 26, 1864 nom. rejected: February 22, 1865	March 9, 1839, Washington, Texas	April 20, 1928, Waco, Texas	Baylor University Resigned from USMA in January 1861	Pre-war: Son of Confederate Brigadier General Jerome Bonaparte Robertson. War: Fort Sumter, Pensacola, Shiloh, Murfreesboro (Stones River), Chickamauga, Atlanta campaign in charge of artillery of General Wheeler's cavalry corps. Appointed brigadier general on July 26, 1864 but for unknown reasons his nomination was rejected by the Confederate Senate, February 22, 1865. Severely wounded at Buckhead Creek, near Augusta, Georgia, November 26, 1864. Only native Texan to have been appointed a Confederate general. Post-war: Lawyer at Waco, Texas; farmer. Last surviving general officer of the Confederacy if appointment counted despite Confederate Senate rejection.
Robertson, Jerome Bonaparte "Polly", "Aunt Polly", "Bob"	Brigadier General rank, nom: November 1, 1862 conf: April 22, 1863	March 14, 1815, Woodford County, Kentucky	January 7, 1891, Waco, Texas	Transylvania University, 1835	Pre-war: Father of Confederate Brigadier General Felix Huston Robertson. Hatter. Studied medicine. Army of Republic of Texas. Practice medicine in Washington County, Texas. Indian fighter. Member of both houses of Texas legislature. Delegate to secession convention. War: Captain, 5th Texas Infantry Regiment, August 3, 1861, lieutenant colonel, October 10, 1861, colonel, September 26, 1862. Fought in Seven Days' Battles. Wounded at Battles of Gaines Mill, Second Bull Run (Second Manassas) and Gettysburg. Initial brigade command, November 6, 1862. Fought at Chickamauga and Knoxville with Longstreet. Court martialed for insubordination, January 26, 1864, but charges dropped. Spent remainder of the war in Texas in command of state reserve corps. Post-war: Doctor, superintendent of state bureau of immigration in 1874. In 1879 moved to Waco, interested in railroad building.
Roddey, Philip D.	Brigadier General rank, nom: August 3, 1863 conf: January 25, 1864	April 2, 1826, Moulton, Alabama	July 20, 1897, London, England Buried: Tuscaloosa, Alabama		Pre-war: Little or no formal schooling. Tailor, sheriff of Lawrence County, steamboat business. War: Captain of a cavalry company in July 1861. Scouting missions. Colonel, October 1, 1862, 4th Alabama Cavalry. Served under Generals Forrest and Wheeler, mainly in North Alabama. Active in Atlanta campaign, Franklin–Nashville campaign. Under Forrest, resisted Union General James W. Wilson's advance on Selma, Alabama. Forrest and Roddey swam the Alabama River to escape after collapse of Confederate lines. Paroled May 17, 1865. Post-war: Engaged in business in New York. Became interested in a patent pump. Died in Westminster Hospital, London, England, on a business trip to negotiate sale of the patent.
Rodes, Robert E.	Brigadier General rank, nom: October 21, 1861 December 13, 1861 Major General rank: May 2, 1863 nom: May 7, 1863 conf: February 17, 1864	March 29, 1829, Lynchburg, Virginia	September 19, 1864 Winchester, Virginia; Buried: Lynchburg, Virginia	VMI, 1848	Pre-war: Assistant professor, VMI, 1848-1851. Civil engineer, Southside Railroad, 1851–1854. Moved to Alabama, 1856, Chief Engineer, Alabama & Chattanooga Railroad. Captain, Alabama Militia, January 1861. War: Colonel 5th Alabama Volunteer Infantry Regiment. May 11, 1861. At Battle of First Bull Run (First Manassas). Wounded at Seven Pines. Fought at Battle of Gaines Mill although not yet recovered. Long recovery from wounds, illness. Fought at Battles of South Mountain, Antietam (Sharpsburg)(wounded). Then on duty in North Carolina. Led van of Stonewall Jackson's flank march at Battle of Chancellorsville. Major general for services at Chancellorsville. Division command at Gettysburg, the Wilderness, Spotsylvania Court House and Valley Campaigns of 1864. Mortally wounded at Winchester, Virginia, while directing a counterattack that helped Confederate force escape capture.
Ross, Lawrence Sullivan "Sul"	Brigadier General rank: December 21, 1863 nom: January 9, 1864 conf: February 5, 1864	September 27, 1838, Bentonsport, Iowa	January 3, 1898, College Station, Texas; Buried: Waco, Texas.	Baylor University Wesleyan University, Florence, Alabama, 1859	Pre-war: Family moved to Texas while Ross was infant. Spent vacations fighting the Comanches. ADC to Sam Houston. Captain in Texas Rangers, 1859. Colonel, Texas militia. War: Entered Confederate Army as a private, April 1861. Major, September 18, 1861, colonel, May 14, 1862 6th Texas Cavalry. Fought at Second Battle of Corinth. Initial brigade command, September 1863. Captured at Newnan, Georgia, July 30, 1864 but rescued the same day. Fought in 135 battles and engagements. Post-war: Farmer in Brazos valley. Sheriff of McLennan County, 1873; member of constitutional convention, 1875; State senator, 1881–1885. Governor of Texas, January 18, 1887–January 20, 1891. President of Agricultural and Mechanical College of Texas at College Station, 1891–1898.
Rosser, Thomas L. "Savior of the Valley"	Brigadier General rank: September 28, 1863 nom: October 10, 1863 conf: February 17, 1864 Major General (temporary) rank: November 1, 1864 nom: November 4, 1864 conf: February 20, 1865	October 15, 1836, Campbell County, Virginia	March 29, 1910, Charlottesville, Virginia	USMA, resigned two weeks before graduation in 1861	Pre-war: Family moved to Texas in 1849. War: First lieutenant, ACSA, Artillery, March 16, 1861. First Bull Run (First Manassas). Captain, CSA Artillery, September 17, 1861, lieutenant colonel, June 10, 1862. Wounded at Battle of Mechanicsville. Colonel, 5th Virginia Volunteer Cavalry Regiment, June 24, 1862. Wounded at Battle of Kelly's Ford. Wounded five more times. Command of Laurel Brigade. Overland Campaign. Valley Campaigns of 1864. In October 1864 assumed command of Lt. Gen. Early's cavalry. Defeated at Woodstock and Cedar Creek. Two raids into West Virginia, then returned to Siege of Petersburg. Battle of Five Forks. Refused to surrender at Appomattox Court House but was captured and paroled in May 1865. Post-war: Chief engineer of Northern Pacific and Canadian Pacific Railroads. Farmer. On June 10, 1898, appointed brigadier general of U.S. Volunteers for the Spanish-American War; mustered out October 31, 1898. Postmaster, Charlottesville, Virginia, 1905.
Ruggles, Daniel	Brigadier General nom: August 6, 1861 rank, conf: August 9, 1861	January 31, 1810, Barre, Massachusetts	June 1, 1897, Fredericksburg, Virginia	USMA, 1833	Pre-war: Fought in Seminole War of 1839–1840, Mexican-American War. Married into a Virginia family. Resigned as captain and brevet lieutenant colonel, U.S. Army, May 7, 1861. War: Commanded Virginia state forces on Rappahannock River. Brigadier general renominated February 5, 1864, reconfirmed February 17, 1864. Led Bragg's First Division at Battle of Shiloh. Second Battle of Corinth; administrative duties, mainly in Alabama and Mississippi. Commissary general of prisoners, March 30, 1865. Post-war: Resided in Fredericksburg, Virginia except for four years, 1865–1869, managing a ranch in Texas. Member of USMA Board of Visitors, 1884.
Rust, Albert	Brigadier General rank: March 4, 1862 nom: March 5, 1862 conf: March 6, 1862	1818 Fauquier County, Virginia	April 4, 1870, Little Rock, Arkansas.		Pre-war: Moved to Union County, Arkansas about 1837. Lawyer, planter. State legislator, 1842–1848, 1852–1854. U.S. Congressman, March 4, 1855–March 3, 1857, March 4, 1859–March 3, 1861. War: CSA Provisional Congressman, May 15, 1861–February 17, 1862. Colonel, 3rd Arkansas Infantry, July 5, 1861. Fought at Cheat Mountain under General Lee. Served under Stonewall Jackson in winter of 1861–1862. Fought at Second Battle of Corinth. Sent to report to Major General Sterling Price in April 1863. Served under General Hindman in Arkansas and Generals Richard Taylor and Pemberton in Louisiana. Post-war: Farmer near Little Rock, Arkansas.

S

Name	Rank	Date, Place of Birth	Date, Place of Death	College	Notes
St. John, Isaac M.	Brigadier General and Commissary General rank, conf: February 16, 1865 nom: February 14, 1865	November 19, 1827, Augusta, Georgia	April 7, 1880, White Sulphur Springs, West Virginia; Buried: Richmond, Virginia	Yale University, 1845	Pre-war: Moved with parents to New York City. Studied law; newspaper business in Baltimore. Civil engineer starting in 1848. Associated with Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. With Blue Ridge Railroad, 1855–1861. War: Private in Fort Hill Guards of South Carolina. Brigadier General Magruder's chief engineer at Yorktown in the Peninsula Campaign; captain of engineers. Major of artillery, October 1862. In charge of Nitre (later Nitre and Mining) Corps; lieutenant colonel and colonel in 1863. Produced crucial ordnance supplies for Confederate Army. Paroled at Thomasville, Georgia. Post-war: Civil engineer for railroads and two years with city of Louisville, Kentucky. Head of Mining and Engineering Department of Chesapeake and Ohio Railway.
Sanders, John C.C.	Brigadier General (temporary) rank: May 31, 1864 nom: June 6, 1864 conf: June 7, 1864	April 4, 1840 Tuscaloosa, Alabama	August 21, 1864, Siege of Petersburg, Virginia; Buried: Alabama	Left University of Alabama at start of war	War: Private, April 1861, captain, June 11, 1861, colonel, September 11, 1862, 11th Alabama Volunteer Infantry Regiment. Fought at Seven Pines, Seven Days' Battles. Severely wounded at Battle of Frayser's Farm. Wounded four times before death. Fought at Antietam, Fredericksburg, Salem Church, Gettysburg, Overland Campaign, Spotsylvania "Mule Shoe" salient. Initial brigade command, August 15, 1863. Fought at Petersburg, Battle of the Crater. Killed in action during the Siege of Petersburg while fighting along the Weldon Railroad, August 21, 1864, aged 24. First Buried at Richmond, Virginia. Reburied in Alabama 1918. Cenotaph in Hollywood Cemetery, Richmond.
Scales, Alfred Moore	Brigadier General rank: June 13, 1863 nom: June 15, 1863 conf: February 16, 1864	November 26, 1827, Reidsville, North Carolina	February 8, 1892, Greensboro, North Carolina.	Caldwell Institute, Greensboro, North Carolina; University of North Carolina	Pre-war: Studied law, practiced at Madison, North Carolina; solicitor of Rockingham County. State legislator for four terms. U.S. Representative, March 4, 1857–March 3, 1859. War: Enlisted as private, April 3, 1861, elected captain. May 3, 1861, 13th North Carolina Infantry; colonel, November 14, 1861. Fought in Peninsula Campaign, Seven Days Battles, at Fredericksburg and at Chancellorsville, where he was wounded. Severely wounded at Gettysburg. Fought in Valley Campaign of 1864 but on sick leave at end of war. Post-war: Lawyer at Greensboro, North Carolina. State legislator, 1866–1869. U.S. Representative, March 4, 1875–December 30, 1884. Governor of North Carolina, January 21, 1885–January 17, 1889.
Scott, Thomas M.	Brigadier General rank: May 10, 1864 nom: May 21, 1864 conf: May 24, 1864	1829, probably Athens, Georgia	April 21, 1876, New Orleans, Louisiana		Pre-war: Went to New Orleans, Louisiana as a young man but returned to reside at La Grange, Georgia. Farmer in Claiborne Parish, Louisiana at start of war. War: Captain, then Colonel, August 13, 1861, 12th Louisiana Infantry. At Columbus, Kentucky. At Battle of Belmont but regiment was inactive. Part of garrison at Island Number 10. Part of garrison at Fort Pillow, April 1862. Duty at Port Hudson in late 1862 and early 1863. Fought at Battle of Champion's Hill (Baker's Creek) in the Vicksburg Campaign. Fought with General Joseph E. Johnston's forces. Remained in Mississippi. Initial brigade command, March 1864. Went to Dallas, Georgia with Lt. General Leonidas Polk in 1864 for Atlanta campaign. Fought in Franklin–Nashville Campaign. Severely wounded at Battle of Franklin, November 30, 1864; no further service. Post-war: Farmer, sugar plantation operator. Found dead in a chair at a coffee house in New Orleans, alcoholic arrest of the brain.
Scurry, William Read	Brigadier General rank: September 12, 1862 nom, conf: September 26, 1862	February 10, 1821, Gallatin, Tennessee	April 30, 1864, Jenkins Ferry Arkansas Buried: Austin, Texas		Pre-war: Went to Texas at age 16. Mexican-American War veteran. Commissioner from Texas to fix boundary with New Mexico. War: Lieutenant colonel, August 23, 1861, 4th Texas Cavalry Regiment. With General Sibley in New Mexico. Fought at Battles of Valverde, Glorieta Pass (wounded). In command at Glorieta because Sibley was allegedly under a doctor's care, but more likely intoxicated. With Major General Magruder at recapture of Galveston. Fought in Red River Campaign, Battles of Mansfield, Pleasant Hill. Then went to help opposed Union General Steele's advance in the Camden Expedition in Arkansas. Mortally wounded at the Battle of Jenkins' Ferry, April 30, 1864. Bled to death when he refused to be taken to the rear.
Sears, Claudius Wistar	Brigadier General rank: March 1, 1864 nom: March 7, 1864 conf: May 11, 1864	November 8, 1817, Peru, Massachusetts	February 15, 1891, Oxford, Mississippi	USMA, 1841	Pre-war: Resigned from U.S. Army as second lieutenant in 1842 to become a teacher at St. Thomas's Hall, Holly Springs, Mississippi. Professor of mathematics at University of Louisiana (Tulane University), 1845-–1859. Married into Southern family from Houston, Texas. President of St. Thomas's Hall until 1861. War: Private, May 1861, captain, July 1861, 17th Mississippi Infantry. Colonel, December 11, 1862, 46th Mississippi Infantry. Fought at Battle of Chickasaw Bayou and Battle of Port Gibson, May 1863. Captured and paroled at Vicksburg, exchanged October 1863. Fought in Atlanta campaign until incapacitated by illness. Fought at Battle of Allatoona and in Franklin–Nashville Campaign. Lost leg at Battle of Nashville. Captured near Pulaski, Tennessee a few days after the battle. Paroled June 23, 1865. Post-war: Chair of Mathematics, University of Mississippi, 1865–1889.
Semmes, Paul Jones	Brigadier General rank, nom: March 11, 1862 conf: March 18, 1862	June 4, 1815, Wilkes County, Georgia	July 10, 1863, Martinsburg, Virginia (later West Virginia); Buried: Columbus, Georgia	University of Virginia	Pre-war: Cousin of Raphael Semmes. Banker, planter in Georgia. Captain of Columbus Guards militia company, colonel, 1846–1861. Brig. gen. of Georgia Militia, April 25, 1861. War: Colonel, 2d Georgia Volunteer Infantry Regiment, May 7, 1861. With Major General Magruder at Yorktown, Williamsburg. Seven Pines, Seven Days' Battles, Crampton's Gap. Antietam (Sharpsburg). Brigade aided in defense of Marye's Heights at Battle of Fredericksburg. Salem Church. Mortally wounded at the Battle of Gettysburg, July 2, 1863, in Longstreet's attack on the Round Tops. Died during the retreat from Gettysburg.
Sharp, Jacob H.	Brigadier General (temporary) rank, nom: July 26, 1864 conf: February 21, 1865	February 6, 1833, Pickensville, Alabama	September 15, 1907 Columbus, Mississippi	Attended University of Alabama, 1851–1852	Pre-war: Moved when an infant to Mississippi. Studied law; began practice at Columbus, Mississippi. War: Private in 1st Battalion of Mississippi Infantry (44th Mississippi Infantry); elected captain, February 1862. Fought at Shiloh, in the Kentucky Campaign, at the Battle of Murfreesboro (Stones River). Colonel, 44th Mississippi Infantry, August 1863, before battle of Chickamauga. First brigade command, September 20, 1863. Fought at Chickamauga, Chattanooga and in Atlanta campaign. Fought in Franklin–Nashville campaign, Carolinas campaign. No record of parole. Post-war: Lawyer, owner of Columbus, Mississippi Independent newspaper, president of Mississippi Press Association. State legislator, 1886–1890.
Shelby, Joseph Orville	Brigadier General rank: December 15, 1863 nom: January 9, 1864 conf: February 5, 1864	December 12, 1830, Lexington, Kentucky	February 13, 1897, Adrian, Missouri; Buried: Kansas City, Missouri	Transylvania University	Pre-war: Manufacturer of rope at Lexington, Kentucky, then at Waverly, Missouri. Poet, planter. Led pro-slavery Kentuckians in Kansas–Missouri border conflict of the 1850s. War: Organized a Confederate cavalry company at the start of the war; captain, Missouri State Guard, June 1861. Colonel, 5th Missouri Cavalry, June 1862. Initial brigade command, June 1862. Usually attached to forces of Major General Sterling Price. Fought in nearly all campaigns and many minor actions west of the Mississippi River. Appointed major general by Gen. E. Kirby Smith, May 10, 1865 Post-war: At the end of the war, Shelby and a few of his men buried their battle flag and went to Mexico to fight but apparently could not reach an agreement to fight for either side. Returned to Missouri after fall of Maximilian in 1867. U.S. marshal for the Western District of Missouri, 1893–1897.
Shelley, Charles M.	Brigadier General (temporary) rank: September 17, 1864 nom: September 23, 1864 conf: February 21, 1865	December 28, 1833, Sullivan County, Tennessee	January 20, 1907, Birmingham, Alabama; Buried: Talladega, Alabama		Pre-war: Moved to Talladega, Alabama, 1836. Architect, builder. War: Lieutenant of Talladega Artillery, 1861. Captain, 5th Alabama Infantry, May 11, 1861. In Virginia during battle of First Bull Run (First Manassas). In January 1862, he recruited 30th Alabama Infantry and was made colonel, May 22, 1862. Fought in Kentucky campaign, at Port Gibson and at Vicksburg, where he was captured. Upon exchange, he joined the Army of Tennessee and participated in every campaign from Chattanooga to the surrender at Greensboro, North Carolina. Lost 432 men killed and wounded out of 1100 at Battle of Franklin; Shelley's horse was killed under him and he had bullet holes in his uniform. Post-war: Spent a year in Louisiana, then returned to Alabama. Sheriff of Dallas County, 1874. U.S. Representative from Alabama, March 4, 1877–March 3, 1881 and Monvember 7, 1882–January 9, 1885. President Cleveland appointed him fourth auditor of the U.S. Treasury, 1885–1889. Promoted industrial interests of Birmingham, Alabama.
Shoup, Francis A.	Brigadier General rank: September 12, 1862 nom: September 26, 1862 conf: April 11, 1863	March 22, 1834, Laurel, Indiana	September 4, 1896, Columbia, Tennessee; Buried: Sewanee, Tennessee	Asbury College, now DePauw University; USMA, 1855	Pre-war: Resigned as second lieutenant, U.S. Army, January 10, 1860, to study law. Admitted to Indiana bar in 1860 and captain, Indiana militia. Moved to Florida (St. Augustine), admitted to Florida bar in 1861. War: No apparent reason for adherence to Confederacy other than admiration for Southern men in the U.S. Army and recent move to Florida. Lieutenant of artillery, March 16, 1861; major, November 7, 1861. Chief of artillery for Major General Hardee at Shiloh, for Major General Hindman at Prairie Grove. Commanded a Louisiana brigade at Vicksburg; was captured, paroled and exchanged October 13, 1863. Chief of artillery to General Joseph E. Johnston in Atlanta campaign. Chief of staff to General Hood. Post-war: Chair of Mathematics at University of Mississippi. Took Episcopal orders in 1868 and became rector of St. Peter's Parish in Oxford, Mississippi. In 1869, he went to Sewanee University (University of the South) as professor of mathematics and chaplain. In 1875, he left to become rector of several churches. He returned to Sewanee in 1883 as professor of mathematics, physics and engineering until 1896.
Sibley, Henry Hopkins	Brigadier General rank, nom: June 17, 1861 conf: August 28, 1861	May 25, 1816, Natchitoches, Louisiana	August 28, 1886, Fredericksburg, Virginia	USMA, 1838	Pre-war: Seminole War, Mexican-American War, Utah War veteran. Inventor of the Sibley tent. Resigned as major, U.S. Army, May 13, 1861. War: Colonel, ACSA Cavalry, May 16, 1861. Commanded disastrous Confederate New Mexico Campaign, for which he nonetheless received Thanks of Confederate Congress. Defeated at the Battle of Glorieta Pass, New Mexico, March 26–28, 1862, where he was allegedly intoxicated. Sibley also lost many men in his retreat to Texas because Union forces had destroyed most of his supplies. General E. Kirby Smith twice preferred charges against him. Alleged alcohol problems. Brigadier general renominated June 6, 1864, reconfirmed June 10, 1864. Without a command at the end of the war. Post-war: Egyptian Army General of Artillery, 1869–1873. Returned to Virginia and lectured on his Egyptian service.
Simms, James P.	Brigadier General rank: December 8, 1864 nom: December 13, 1864 conf: February 18, 1865	January 16, 1837, Covington, Georgia	May 30, 1887, Covington, Georgia		Pre-war: Lawyer. Brigadier general, Georgia militia. War: Second lieutenant CSA, 6th Georgia Militia, October 21, 1861. First lieutenant, 42nd Georgia Infantry, April 1862, captain, August 20, 1862. Major, 53rd Georgia Infantry, September 24, 1862. Regiment fought in Seven Days Battles. Simms fought at Second Bull Run (Second Manassas) and Antietam (Sharpsburg). Colonel, October 8, 1862. Fought at Fredericksburg, Salem Church, ancillary battle to Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, Knoxville (wounded), in the Overland Campaign and in the Valley Campaign of 1864. Initial brigade command, September 30, 1864. Distinguished at Cedar Creek. In later months of the Siege of Petersburg. Captured at Sayler's Creek, released July 24, 1865. Post-war: Resumed law practiced at Covington, Georgia. State legislator, 1865–1866, 1877 term.
Slack, William Yarney	Brigadier General (posthumous) rank, nom: April 12, 1862 conf: April 17, 1862	August 1, 1816, Mason County, Kentucky	March 21, 1862, Moore's Mill, Missouri; Buried: Fayetteville, Arkansas		Pre-war: Moved to Boone County, Missouri, near Columbia, at age 3. Lawyer; moved to Chillicothe, Missouri. Mexican-American War veteran. War: Brigadier general of pro–Confederate Missouri State Guard, July 4, 1861– March 21, 1862. Fought at Carthage, Wilson's Creek (where severely wounded). Promoted to brigadier general, CSA, April 17, 1862 to rank from April 12, 1862 but had already died on March 21, 1862 from wounds received close to his old wound at the Battle of Pea Ridge (Elkhorn Tavern) on March 7, 1862. Slack was taken to a house within a mile of the battlefield but after a few days was moved to Moore's Mill, seven miles away, where his condition rapidly deteriorated, leading to his death. Word of Slack's death may not have reached Confederate Senate at time of his confirmation.
Slaughter, James E.	Brigadier General rank: March 8, 1862 nom: March 11, 1862 conf: March 18, 1862	June 1827 Cedar Mountain, Virginia; now West Virginia	January 1, 1901, Mexico City, Mexico	Attended VMI, 1845-1846	Pre-war: Born in June 1827 on his father's estate, which would become the battlefield of Cedar Mountain or Slaughter's Mountain. Nephew of President James Madison. Withdrew from VMI to accept commission in U.S. Army, in which he remained until dismissed as first lieutenant, May 14, 1861. War: First lieutenant, artillery, March 16, 1861. Captain of artillery with General Bragg at Pensacola. Major, AAG, November 6, 1861. AIG with Generals Albert Sidney Johnston, Beauregard and Bragg. Line command at Mobile. Chief of artillery to Major General Magruder at Galveston in April 1863; later, Magruder's chief of staff. Commanded Confederate force at Battle of Palmito Ranch, near Brownsville, Texas, the last engagement of the war between Confederate and Union forces. Post-war: Lived several years in Mexico, returned to Mobile, Alabama in 1867 and was engaged in civil engineering and as postmaster. Moved to New Orleans. Died while visiting Mexico City on January 1, 1901 and is buried there.
Smith, Edmund Kirby "Ted", "Seminole"	Brigadier General rank, nom: June 17, 1861 conf: August 28, 1861 Major General rank, nom: October 11, 1861 conf: December 13, 1861 Lieutenant General rank: October 9, 1862 nom: October 10, 1862 conf: October 11, 1862 General (PACS) rank: nom: February 19, 1864 conf: May 11, 1864	May 16, 1824, St. Augustine, Florida	March 28, 1893, Sewanee, Tennessee	USMA, 1845	Pre-war: Parents were from New England. Mexican-American War veteran. Professor of mathematics at West Point. Fought in campaigns against the Indians (wounded, May 13, 1859). As major of 2d U.S. Cavalry, refused to surrender Fort Colorado, Texas to Texas militia under Ben McCulloch. Resigned as major, U.S. Army on April 6, 1861 when native state of Florida seceded. War: Severely wounded at Battle of First Bull Run (First Manassas). In command in East Tennessee; with Bragg during invasion of Kentucky. Won Battle of Richmond, Kentucky, August 30, 1862, received Thanks of Confederate Congress, February 17, 1864. Command of Trans–Mississippi Department, January 14, 1863–May 26, 1865. Repulsed Union Major General Banks's Red River expedition and Major General Frederick Steele's associated Camden Expedition. Almost the last Confederate general to surrender on May 26, 1865. Post-war: Fled to Mexico and Cuba but returned November 14, 1865 to take amnesty oath. President of Pacific and Atlantic Telegraph Company, 1866–1868. President of Western Military Academy at Nashville, then chancellor of University of Nashville, 1870–1875. Professor of mathematics at University of the South, 1875–1893. Last survivor of full generals of the Confederacy.
Smith, Gustavus Woodson	Major General rank, nom: September 19, 1861 conf: December 13. 1861	November 30 or December 1, 1821, Georgetown, Kentucky	June 24, 1896, New York, New York; Buried: New London, Connecticut	USMA, 1842	Pre-war: Mexican-American war veteran; USMA professor. Resigned as first lieutenant and brevet captain, U.S. Army, December 18, 1854. Civil engineer. Street commissioner of New York City, 1858–1861. War: Appointed major general without having prior brigadier general appointment. Commanded a wing of Army of Northern Virginia during Peninsula campaign. Interim Secretary of War, November 1862. Resigned in 1863 because of the promotion of junior officers over him. Volunteer ADC to Gen. P.G.T. Beauregard. Superintendent of Etowah Iron Works, 1863–1864. Major general of Georgia militia, June 1, 1864–April 20, 1865. Fought on the Chattahoochee before the Battle of Atlanta. Fought at Savannah; surrendered at Macon, Georgia, April 20, 1865. Post-war: Superintendent of an iron works at Chattanooga, 1866–1870. Insurance commissioner of Kentucky, 1870–1876. Then returned to New York City. Published several works on Mexican-American War and American Civil War.
Smith, James Argyle	Brigadier General rank: September 30, 1863 nom: October 1, 1863 conf: February 17, 1864	July 1, 1831, Maury County, Tennessee	December 6, 1901, Jackson, Mississippi	USMA, 1853	Pre-war: Resigned as first lieutenant, U.S. Army, May 9, 1861. War: Captain and AAG, ACSA, May 1861. Major, March 21, 1862, AAG to Lt. Gen. Leonidas Polk. Lieutenant colonel, April 1862, 2d Tennessee Infantry. Colonel, 5th Confederate Infantry, September 1862. Fought at Perryville, Stones River (Murfreesboro), Chickamauga. Atlanta campaign. Wounded at Chattanooga and Atlanta. Franklin–Nashville campaign. Led Major General Cleburne's division after his death at Franklin. Led part of remainder of Major General Cheatham's corps in Carolinas campaign. Paroled at Greensboro, May 1, 1865. Post-war: Farmer, State Superintendent of Public Instruction in Mississippi, 1877.
Smith, Martin Luther	Brigadier General nom: March 19, 1862 rank, conf: April 11, 1862 Major General rank, nom: November 4, 1862 conf: April 30, 1863	September 9, 1819, Tompkins County, New York	July 29, 1866, Savannah, Georgia Buried: Athens, Georgia	USMA, 1842	Pre-war: Mexican-American War veteran. U.S. Army career almost entirely in the South, married a girl from Athens, Georgia. Resigned as captain, U.S. Army, April 1, 1861. War: Major, CSA Corps of Engineers, March 16, 1861. Engineer, July 22, 1861–April 11, 1862. Colonel, 21st Louisiana Volunteer Infantry Regiment, January 30, 1862. Planned defenses and commanded troops at New Orleans and Vicksburg. Captured at Vicksburg, paroled prisoner of war for seven months until February 1864. Chief engineer of Army of Northern Virginia, then Army of Tennessee. Prepared defenses of Mobile under General Beauregard. Post-war: Civil engineer, Alabama & Tennessee Railroad.
Smith, Preston	Brigadier General rank, nom: October 27, 1862 conf: April 22, 1863	December 25, 1823, Giles County, Tennessee	September 19, 1863, Chickamauga, Georgia; Buried: Memphis, Tennessee	Jackson College, Columbia, Tennessee	Pre-war: Studied law, admitted to bar, moved to Waynesboro, Tennessee, then to Memphis, Tennessee. War: Colonel of militia regiment, May 1861, mustered into CSA as 154th Tennessee Volunteer Infantry Regiment; colonel, August 17, 1861. Initial brigade command March 2, 1862. Severely wounded at Shiloh. Commanded brigade at Richmond, Kentucky (Thanks of Congress, posthumously), then division after Major General Cleburne was wounded. At Battle of Chickamauga, rode in front of Union Army detachment during an attack at dark and was mortally wounded in the chest.
Smith, Thomas Benton	Brigadier General (temporary) rank: July 29, 1864 nom: August 2, 1864 conf: February 20, 1865	February 24, 1838, Mechanicsville, Tennessee	May 21, 1923, Nashville, Tennessee	Nashville Military Institute	Pre-war: Employee of Nashville & Decatur Railroad. War: Second lieutenant, 20th Tennessee Infantry Regiment. Fought at Battles of Mill Springs, Shiloh. Colonel of 20th Tennessee Volunteer Infantry Regiment, May 1862. Initial brigade command, August 1, 1862. Severely wounded at Murfreesboro (Stones River). Fought at Baton Rouge, Chickamauga (wounded), Atlanta campaign. Captured at Battle of Nashville. After he was taken prisoner, he was repeatedly struck with a sword by Colonel William Linn McMillen of 95th Ohio Infantry Regiment and his brain was partly exposed but he survived. Post-war: Recovered temporarily and worked as a railroad brakeman after war. Admitted to state asylum at Nashville, Tennessee in 1876 and died there, May 21, 1923.
Smith, William "Extra Billy"	Brigadier General rank: January 31, 1863 nom: February 13, 1863 April 23, 1863 Major General rank: August 12, 1863 nom; August 13, 1863 conf: January 25, 1865	September 6, 1797, King George County, Virginia	May 18, 1887, near Warrenton, Virginia Buried: Richmond, Virginia	Wingfield School	Pre-war: Lawyer, owner of mail coach service, rapidly expanded routes, resulting in extra payments and a nickname. Moved to California in 1849, returned to Virginia, 1852. Five terms in Virginia legislature, five terms as U.S. Representative, one term as governor of Virginia. War: As a civilian, took charge of a militia company and fought in first land battle of the war against a Union cavalry company, the Battle of Fairfax Court House (June 1861). Colonel of 49th Virginia Volunteer Infantry Regiment at Battle of First Bull Run (First Manassas). Representative at First Regular Confederate Congress, attended between campaigns, resigned from Congress in 1863. Peninsula campaign, Seven Days' Battles, Second Bull Run (Second Manassas), Antietam (Sharpsburg), and Gettysburg. Wounded 5 times. Resigned as brigadier general, July 10, 1863, major general as of August 12, 1863. Governor of Virginia, inaugurated January 1, 1864, removed and arrested May 9, 1865, paroled June 8, 1865. Post-war: Farmer. Delegate to Virginia House of Delegates, 1877–1879. Retired to estate, "Monterosa", near Warrenton, Virginia, where he died.
Smith, William Duncan	Brigadier General rank: March 7, 1862 nom: March 11, 1862 conf: March 13, 1862	July 28, 1825, Augusta, Georgia	October 4, 1862, Charleston, South Carolina; Buried: Augusta, Georgia	USMA, 1846	Pre-war: Mexican-American War veteran. Resigned as captain, U.S. Army, January 28, 1861. War: Major, 1st Georgia Regulars, 1861, AAG, defenses of Savannah, June 25, 1861. Colonel, 20th Georgia Volunteer Infantry Regiment, July 14, 1861. Re-confirmed as brigadier general, March 18, 1862. Command of District of South Carolina. Battle of Secessionville. Died of yellow fever, aged 37.
Sorrel, Gilbert Moxley	Brigadier General rank: October 27, 1864 nom: October 31, 1864 conf: February 20, 1865	February 23, 1838, Savannah, Georgia	August 10, 1901, near Roanoke, Virginia; Buried: Savannah, Georgia		Pre-war: Clerk in banking department of Central Railroad of Georgia. War: Private in militia company. Took part in capture of Fort Pulaski. Volunteer ADC to Gen. Longstreet at Battle of First Bull Run (First Manassas) and until October 14, 1861. Captain and AAG, September 11, 1861. Became lieutenant colonel and chief of staff to 1st corps of Army of Northern Virginia. Wounded at Antietam, Gettysburg. With Longstreet in Tennessee. Detailed to lead troops against Union left at the Wilderness. Wounded at Petersburg and Hatcher's Run, February 1865. Post-war: Merchant, associated with Ocean Steamship Company, Georgia Export and Import Co.
Stafford, Leroy A.	Brigadier General rank, nom: October 8, 1863 conf: January 25, 1864	April 13, 1822, near Cheneyville, Rapides Parish, Louisiana	May 8, 1864, Richmond, Virginia; Buried: Rapides Parish, Louisiana		Pre-war: Educated in Kentucky and Tennessee. Planter in Louisiana; elected sheriff of parish in 1845. Mexican-American War veteran. War: Recruited Stafford Guards and was elected captain, January 1861. Mustered into 9th Louisiana Infantry, Stafford elected lieutenant colonel, April 24, 1861, colonel, April 24, 1862. (Warner: October 1861.) In Jackson's Valley Campaign, Seven Days Battles, Cedar Mountain, Second Bull Run (Second Manassas), Harpers Ferry, Antietam (Sharpsburg)(wounded), Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville and Gettysburg. Captured at Salem Church, Virginia, May 4, 1863, exchanged, June 1863. Assigned to 2nd Louisiana Brigade, Stonewall Division. In command at Mine Run. Mortally wounded on the first day of the Battle of the Wilderness, May 5, 1864. Died three days later. Reburied at "Greenwood", his place of birth.
Starke, Peter Burwell	Brigadier General rank: November 4, 1864 nom: November 15, 1864 conf: December 26, 1864	1815 Brunswick County, Virginia	July 13, 1888, Lawrenceville, Virginia		Pre-war: Operated a stage line with brothers from Lawrenceville to Petersburg in Virginia. Moved to Mississippi in the 1840s. State legislator, 1850–1854, state senator, 1856–1862. War: Colonel, 28th Mississippi Cavalry, February 24, 1862. Fought in defense of Vicksburg, detached to forces of General Joseph E. Johnston near the end of the campaign. Initial brigade command, December 23, 1863. Fought in Atlanta campaign. Under Lt. Gen. Forrest in Franklin–Nashville campaign. With General Chalmers in Mississippi at end of war. Post-war: Member of Board of Mississippi levee commissioners, 1866–1872 and one-term sheriff of Bolivar County, Mississippi. Returned to Virginia in 1873. Buried in unmarked grave on former farm of second wife's family. Younger brother of Brigadier General William E. Starke.
Starke, William E.	Brigadier General rank, nom: August 6, 1862 conf: September 30, 1862 (posthumous)	1814 Brunswick County, Virginia	September 17, 1862, Sharpsburg, Maryland; Buried: Richmond, Virginia		Pre-war: After operating a stage line with brothers in Virginia, became cotton broker in Mobile and New Orleans. War: Lieutenant colonel, 53rd Virginia Infantry, June 1861. ADC to Brigadier General Robert S. Garnett in West Virginia campaign; then to General Robert E. Lee. Colonel, 60th Virginia Volunteer Infantry Regiment, October 12, 1861. Seven Days' Battles. Wounded at Glendale. Initial brigade command, July 26, 1862. At Battle of Second Bull Run (Second Manassas) commanded Stonewall Division after Gen. Taliaferro wounded. Harper's Ferry. Command of division at Antietam (Sharpsburg) after Brigadier General J. R. Jones (actually colonel, never confirmed as general) was wounded. Killed in action at Battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg).
Steele, William	Brigadier General rank: September 12, 1862 nom: September 26, 1862 conf: October 3, 1862	May 1, 1819, Albany, New York	January 12, 1885, San Antonio, Texas Buried: Austin, Texas	USMA, 1840	Pre-war: Mexican-American War veteran. Married into Texas family. Resigned as captain, U.S. Army, May 30, 1861. War: Colonel, 7th Texas Cavalry, October 29, 1861. Commanded Mesilla area during Sibley's New Mexico campaign. Command of Indian Territory in 1863. In charge of Galveston defenses, 1864. Fought with Lt. General Taylor in the Red River Campaign. Distinguished service at Pleasant Hill. Commanded Brigadier General Thomas Green's division after Green died at the Battle of Blair's Landing. Post-war: Commission merchant at San Antonio, Texas. Moved to Austin, Texas in 1873, state AG, 1873–1879.
Steuart, George H. "Maryland"	Brigadier General rank: March 6. 1862 nom: March 11, 1862 conf: March 18, 1862	August 24, 1828, Baltimore, Maryland	November 22, 1903, South River, Maryland; Buried: Baltimore, Maryland	USMA, 1847	Pre-war: Routine U.S. Army cavalry service, resigned as captain, U.S. Army, April 22, 1861. Major General Maryland Militia, 1861. War: Lieutenant colonel of 1st Maryland Infantry, June 17, 1861. Colonel, July 21, 1861, after First Bull Run (First Manassas) when Arnold Elzey was promoted. Fought in Jackson's Valley Campaign, seriously wounded at Battle of Cross Keys. Led a brigade at Gettysburg. Wounded at Payne's Farm Virginia, November 27, 1864. Continued in command until most of division was captured at the "Mule Shoe" at Spotsylvania Court House, May 12, 1864. Exchanged, August 3, 1864. In Pickett's division north of the James River during Siege of Petersburg. Commanded division in Pickett's absence at the Battle of Five Forks and during the Appomattox Campaign. Post-war: Farmer in Anne Arundel County, Maryland.
Stevens, Clement H. "Rock"	Brigadier General rank: January 20, 1864 nom: January 28, 1864 conf: February 1, 1864	August 14, 1821, Norwich, Connecticut	July 25, 1864, Atlanta, Georgia; Buried: Pendleton, South Carolina.		Pre-war: Son of a U.S. Navy officer. Moved to Pensacola, Florida then to Pendleton, South Carolina, the state of his mother's birth. At sea, secretary to kinsmen, Commodores William Shubrick and William Bee. Worked for Planters and Mechanics Bank in Charleston, starting in 1842; cashier at start of war. War: Constructed the (arguably) first armored fortification at Morris Island. Severely wounded at First Bull Run (First Manassas) while serving as aide to his brother-in law, General Barnard Bee. Colonel, 24th South Carolina Infantry, April 1, 1862. Was in Vicksburg campaign, then transferred to Army of Tennessee. Severely wounded at Chickamauga. Fought in Atlanta campaign. Mortally wounded in Battle of Peach Tree Creek, July 20, 1864, died five days later at Atlanta.
Stevens, Walter H.	Brigadier General (special) rank: August 28, 1864 nom: September 2, 1864 conf: January 17, 1865	August 24, 1827, Penn Yan, New York	November 12, 1867, Vera Cruz, Mexico; Buried: Richmond, Virginia	USMA, 1848	Pre-war: Served almost entirely in Louisiana and Texas; married a sister of General Louis Hebert of Louisiana. Dismissed as first lieutenant, U.S. Army, May 2, 1861. War: Major, Engineer, Army of Pensacola, April 1861. Engineer to General Beauregard at First Bull Run (First Manassas). Major, chief engineer of Army of Northern Virginia under General Joseph E. Johnston. Lieutenant colonel, January 31, 1862, colonel, March 3, 1863, in charge of Richmond defenses, after General Lee assumed command. Again chief engineer of Army of Northern Virginia. Supposed to have been the last uniformed man to cross the Mayo Bridge during the evacuation of Richmond after the Battle of Five Forks. Paroled at Appomattox. Post-war: Went to Mexico, became chief engineer of Imperial Railroad. Died of yellow fever.
Stevenson, Carter Littlepage	Brigadier General rank: February 27, 1862 nom: March 5, 1862 conf: March 6, 1862 Major General rank, nom: October 10, 1862 conf: October 13, 1862	September 21, 1817, near Fredericksburg, Virginia	August 15, 1888, Caroline County, Virginia; Buried: Fredericksburg, Virginia	USMA, 1838	Pre-war: Mexican-American War veteran. Dismissed as captain, U.S. Army, June 25, 1861. War: Colonel, 53rd Virginia Volunteer Infantry Regiment, July 1861. AAG, Army of the Northwest, July 21, 1861–March 27, 1862. Drove Union General Morgan from Cumberland Gap. Fought in Kentucky campaign. Captured at Vicksburg, paroled and exchanged October 16, 1863. At every battle of Army of Tennessee from Chattanooga to Bentonville, except at Franklin where his division was left to demonstrate against Union Major General Schofield south of the Duck River. Paroled at Greensboro, North Carolina, May 1, 1865. Post-war: Civil and mining engineer.
Stewart, Alexander P. "Old Straight"	Brigadier General rank, nom: November 8, 1861 conf: December 13, 1861 Major General rank: June 2, 1863 nom: June 5, 1863 conf: January 25, 1864 Lieutenant General (temporary) rank, nom: June 23, 1864 conf: February 20, 1865	October 2, 1821, Rogersville, Tennessee	August 30, 1908, Biloxi, Mississippi; Buried: St. Louis, Missouri	USMA, 1842	Pre-war: Resigned as second lieutenant, U.S. Army, May 31, 1845, to become a professor at Cumberland University and University of Nashville. Surveyor. Initially opposed secession. War: Major, CSA, Tennessee Militia, May 17, 1861. Major, CSA Artillery, August 15, 1861. Fought at Battle of Belmont. Fought in all battles of Army of Tennessee. Wounded at Chickamauga, Ezra Church, Georgia. Succeeded to command of Polk's corps. Paroled at Greensboro. Post-war: Professor at Cumberland University until 1870. In business as insurance executive at St. Louis, Missouri, 1870–1874. Chancellor of University of Mississippi, 1874–1886. Commissioner of Chickamauga and Chattanooga National Military Park, 1890–1908. Returned to Missouri in 1906.
Stovall, Marcellus A.	Brigadier General rank: January 20, 1863 nom: January 23, 1865 conf: April 23, 1863	September 18, 1818, Sparta, Georgia	August 4, 1895, Augusta, Georgia	Left USMA after 1 year, ill	Pre-war: Enlisted for service in the Seminole War. USMA appointment, 1836, left after one year because of illness. Toured Europe, returned to an estate near Rome, Georgia. Captain, Georgia militia. War: Colonel, 2nd Artillery, Georgia militia, August 1861. Lieutenant colonel, 3rd Georgia Artillery Battalion, October 8, 1861. Stationed in East Tennessee, with Major General E. Kirby Smith in Kentucky. Attached to Army of Tennessee, at Murfreesboro (Stones River) and Chickamauga. Fought in Atlanta Campaign, Franklin–Nashville Campaign and Carolinas Campaign. Paroled May 9, 1865. Post-war: Cotton broker, manufacturer of fertilizers, organized and operated the Georgia Chemical Works.
Strahl, Otho French	Brigadier General rank, nom: July 28, 1863 conf: January 25, 1864	June 3, 1831, McConnelsville, Ohio	November 30, 1864, Franklin, Tennessee; Buried: Dyersburg, Tennessee	Ohio Wesleyan University	Pre-war: Teacher, planter, lawyer in Tennessee, at Dyersburg at start of the war. War: Captain 4th Tennessee Volunteer Infantry Regiment, May 1861, lieutenant colonel, May 15, 1861, colonel, April 24, 1862. Battles of Shiloh, Murfreesboro (Stones River). Initial brigade command June 6, 1863. Chickamauga, Chattanooga, Atlanta campaign (wounded, July 22, 1864), Hood's Franklin–Nashville Tennessee campaign. Killed in action, November 30, 1864, one of six Confederate generals killed or mortally wounded at Battle of Franklin.
Stuart, James Ewell Brown "Jeb", "Beauty"	Brigadier General rank, nom: September 24, 1861 conf: December 13, 1861 Major General rank, nom: July 25, 1862 conf: September 27, 1862	February 6, 1833, Patrick County, Virginia	May 12, 1864, Richmond, Virginia	USMA, 1854	Pre-war: Wounded in Kansas, July 29, 1857. 1st United States Cavalry until Virginia seceded. Resigned as captain, U.S. Army, May 14, 1861. War: Lieutenant colonel, Provisional Army of Virginia, CSA, May 10, 1861. Colonel, 1st Virginia Volunteer Cavalry Regiment, July 16, 1861. Fought at Battle of First Bull Run (First Manassas). Fought in Seven Days' Battles. Rode completely around Union Major General McClellan's army gathering information, later received Thanks of Confederate Congress. Commanded cavalry corps of the Army of Northern Virginia. Seized large amount of supplies and documents before Battle of Second Bull Run (Second Manassas). Wounded at Upperville, Virginia, November 3, 1862. Detained Union force at Crampton Gap before Battle of Antietam. At Fredericksburg, and with Stonewall Jackson on flank march at Chancellorsville. Fought at Battle of Brandy Station. Controversial ride around Union Army before Battle of Gettysburg delayed his arrival until last day of the battle. Mortally wounded at the Battle of Yellow Tavern, May 11, 1864 and died at Richmond the following day. Son-in-law of Union Brigadier General Philip St. George Cooke. Wife's brother was Confederate Brigadier General John Rogers Cooke. Skilled, daring and renowned cavalryman and intelligence officer.

T

Name	Rank	Date, Place of Birth	Date, Place of Death	Notes
Taliaferro, William Booth	Brigadier General rank: March 4, 1862 nom: March 5, 1862 conf: March 6, 1862	December 28, 1822, Gloucester County, Virginia	February 27, 1898, Gloucester County, Virginia	College of William and Mary, 1841; Harvard Law School	Pre-war: Mexican-American War veteran. State legislator, 1850–1853. Commanded Virginia militia at time of John Brown's Harpers Ferry raid. War: Commanded forces in and around Norfolk, Virginia, April 18, 1861–April 26, 1861. Major general of Virginia militia, Virginia Provisional Army, at beginning of war. Colonel, 23rd Virginia Infantry, May 1, 1861. With Brigadier General Robert Garnett in West Virginia campaign. Initial brigade command, September 8, 1861. With Stonewall Jackson in winter campaign. Fought in Jackson's Valley Campaign of 1862; severely wounded at Groveton. Ordered to join General Beauregard in Charleston after Fredericksburg (where wounded). Served in South Carolina, Georgia, Florida. Paroled at Greensboro, May 2, 1865, as a major general but no record of his promotion to that grade has been found. Post-war: Lawyer; State legislator, 1874–1879; judge of Gloucester County Court, 1891–1897. Member of Board of Visitors of VMI, William and Mary.
Tappan, James C.	Brigadier General rank, nom: November 5, 1862 conf: April 22, 1863	September 9, 1825, Franklin, Tennessee	March 19, 1906, Helena, Arkansas	Yale University, 1845	Pre-war: Lawyer at Vicksburg, Mississippi, 1846. Moved to Helena, Arkansas. State legislator, 2 terms. Circuit court judge. War: Colonel, 13th Arkansas Infantry, July 23, 1861. Fought at the Battles of Belmont, Shiloh, Perryville, Pleasant Hill, and Jenkins' Ferry and during Price's Raid into Missouri in 1864. Post-war: Lawyer at Helena, Arkansas; two–term state legislator.
Taylor, Richard	Brigadier General rank, nom: October 21, 1861 conf: December 13, 1861 Major General rank, nom: July 28, 1862 conf: September 27, 1862 Lieutenant General rank: April 8, 1864 nom: May 14, 1864 conf: May 16, 1864	January 27, 1826, near Louisville, Kentucky	April 12, 1879, New York, New York; Buried: New Orleans, Louisiana	Harvard University; Yale University, 1845	Pre-war: Son of President and General Zachary Taylor. Brother of Jefferson Davis's first wife. Served in Mexican-American War as father's military secretary. Sugar planter in Louisiana, 1850. State senator, 1856–1861. War: Colonel, 9th Louisiana Infantry, July 7, 1861. Initial brigade command, July 1861. Fought in Jackson's Valley Campaign of 1862 and Seven Days' Battles. Assigned to command the District of West Louisiana. Defeated Union General Nathaniel Banks at the Battle of Mansfield and turned Banks back at the Battle of Pleasant Hill during the Red River Campaign. Thanks of Confederate Congress for Mansfield and Pleasant Hill. Offered to resign because General E. Kirby Smith would not allow him to follow up advantage. After lieutenant general promotion, assigned to Department of Alabama and Mississippi. Surrendered last Confederate forces east of the Mississippi River in May 1865. Post-war: Worked for less severe application of Reconstruction laws.
Taylor, Thomas H.	Colonel Brigadier General unconfirmed				See Incomplete Appointments section below.
Terrill, James Barbour	Brigadier General rank, nom, conf: May 31, 1864 posthumous	February 20, 1838, Bath County, Virginia	May 30, 1864, Hanover County, Virginia	VMI, 1858	Pre-war: Lawyer at Warm Springs, Virginia. War: Major, 13th Virginia Infantry, May 23, 1861, lieutenant colonel, February 26, 1862, colonel, May 15, 1863, after Chancellorsvile. Brother of Union General William R. Terrill, who was killed at the Battle of Perryville. Fought at First Bull Run, Jackson's Valley Campaign, Cedar Mountain, second Bull Run, Antietam. Fought at Chancellorsvile, Gettysburg, in Overland Campaign. Initial brigade command, May 5, 1864. Killed at the Battle of Totopotomoy Creek, Virginia (Battle of Bethesda Church) during the 1864 Overland Campaign on May 30, 1864. Date of brigadier general appointment was June 1, 1864 to rank from May 31, 1864. Buried by Union soldiers near where he fell.
Terry, William	Brigadier General rank, nom: May 19, 1864 conf: May 20, 1864	August 14, 1824, Amherst County, Virginia	September 5, 1888, Wytheville, Virginia	University of Virginia, 1848	Pre-war: Teacher, lawyer and newspaper editor of Wytheveille Telegraph in Wytheville, Virginia. War: Lieutenant, 4th Virginia Infantry, April 26, 1861; major April 22, 1862. Fought in Seven Days' Battles, Second Manassas (where wounded). Colonel, September 11, 1863. Fought with Army of Northern Virginia from Fredericksburg to siege of Petersburg. Wounded at Payne's Farm, Spotsylvania, Winchester. Severely wounded at the Battle of Fort Stedman, Virginia, March 25, 1865, during the Siege of Petersburg. Post-war: Lawyer. Served two terms in the United States House of Representatives, March 4, 1871–March 3, 1873 and March 4, 1875–March 3, 1877. Hit by a freshet trying to cross Reed Creek near Wytheville and drowned.
Terry, William R.	Brigadier General rank: May 31, 1864 nom, conf: June 10, 1864	March 12, 1827, Liberty, Virginia	March 28, 1897, Chesterfield Court House, Virginia Buried: Richmond, Virginia	VMI, 1850; University of Virginia	Pre-war: Merchant. Captain of Virginia cavalry at start of war. War: Captain, 51st Virginia Cavalry, April 1861. Fought at First Bull Run. Colonel 24th Virginia Infantry, September 21, 1861. Wounded at Battle of Williamsburg. Led regiment at Second Bull Run. Wounded seven times, including during Pickett's Charge at the Battle of Gettysburg and Dinwiddie Court House near Petersburg before the Battle of Five Forks. Post-war: Member of Virginia Senate for eight years after the war.
Thomas, Allen	Brigadier General rank: February 4, 1864 nom: February 11, 1864 conf: February 17, 1864	December 14, 1830, Howard County, Maryland	December 3, 1907, Waveland, Mississippi Buried: Donaldsonville, Louisiana	Princeton University Law School, 1850	Pre-war: Princeton University, law, 1850. Moved to Louisiana after marriage, lawyer, planter, colonel of Louisiana militia. War: Major of Louisiana infantry battalion, 29th Louisiana Infantry, July 1861. Colonel, 29th Louisiana Infantry, May 3, 1862. Initial brigade command, December 1862. Captured, paroled at Vicksburg, exchanged. Assigned to gather and organize paroled prisoners in the west. Assigned to his brother-in-law's, Lt. Gen. Richard Taylor's department. Commanded division after General de Polignac departed for Europe. Post-war planter, Presidential elector, professor and member of the board of supervisors of Louisiana State University; coiner of the New Orleans mint and U.S. consul to Venezuela. Moved to Florida, 1889–1907. Bought a plantation at Waveland, Mississippi in 1907, died there December 3, 1907.
Thomas, Bryan Morel	Colonel Brigadier General rank: August 4, 1864 not confirmed	May 8, 1836, near Milledgeville, Georgia	July 16, 1905, Dalton, Georgia	Oglethorpe University USMA, 1858	Pre-war: Resigned as second lieutenant, U.S. Army April 6, 1861. War: Major, 18th Alabama Infantry, July 1861. Served on the staff of Major General Jones M. Withers at Shiloh, in Kentucky campaign and at Murfreesboro (Stones River). Colonel of reserve cavalry regiment in Brigadier General Clanton's brigade in Alabama, 1864. Commander of a mixed brigade of infantry, cavalry and artillery in the Department of the Gulf, September 1864–April 9, 1865. Captured at Fort Blakely, Alabama, April 9, 1865. Post-war: Planter in Georgia, deputy U.S. marshal, teacher, founder of a private school, 1884. Superintendent of public schools, Dalton, Georgia, 1891–1905.
Thomas, Edward Lloyd	Brigadier General rank, nom: November 1, 1862 conf: February 17, 1863	March 23, 1825, Clarke County, Georgia	March 8, 1898, South McAlester, Indian Territory, Buried: Kiowa, Oklahoma	Emory College, 1846	Pre-war: Mexican-American War veteran. Planter. War: Colonel, 35th Georgia Infantry, October 15, 1861. Initial brigade command, May 31, 1862. Fought at Seven Pines, Seven Days Battles, wounded at the Battle of Mechanicsville, Virginia. Fought in every major battle of the Army of Northern Virginia thereafter, except for the Battle of Antietam because he was paroling Union prisoners at Harper's Ferry. Paroled at Appomattox, April 9, 1865. Post-war: Lived on estate as planter until 1885 when appointed by President Cleveland to a position in the Land Department and later the Indian Bureau.
Tilghman, Lloyd	Brigadier General rank, nom: October 18, 1861 conf: December 13, 1861	January 18, 1816, near Claiborne, Maryland	May 16, 1863, Champion Hill, Mississippi; Buried: New York City	USMA, 1836	Pre-war: Resigned as second lieutenant, U.S. Army, September 30, 1836. Railroad construction engineer in the South, Panama Railroad. Mexican-American War veteran. Moved to Kentucky, 1852. War: Colonel, 3rd Kentucky Infantry, July 5, 1861. Surrendered Fort Henry, Tennessee to Union Brigadier General Ulysses S. Grant in February 1862; prisoner-of-war until exchanged for John F. Reynolds, August 15, 1862. Fought at Second Battle of Corinth and during retreat from Holly Springs to Grenada. Killed at the Battle of Champion Hill, Mississippi.
Toombs, Robert A.	Brigadier General rank, nom: July 19, 1861 conf: August 28, 1861	July 2, 1810, Wilkes County, Georgia	December 15, 1885, Washington, Georgia	University of Georgia; Union College, New York, 1828	Pre-war: Lawyer, 1830. Fought in Creek War, 1836–1837. Georgia State legislator, United States Congressman, March 4, 1845–March 3, 1853 and United States Senator, March 4, 1853–February 4, 1861. Almost chosen Confederate President. War: Confederate Secretary of State until July 19, 1861 when appointed brigadier general. Fought in the Peninsula Campaign, Seven Days' Battles and Second Bull Run campaign. Wounded at Burnside's Bridge during the Battle of Antietam. Resigned March 4, 1863. Vocal critic of Confederate President Jefferson Davis. Colonel, 3rd Cavalry, Georgia Militia, August 4, 1863– February 6, 1864. Served as brigadier general with Georgia Militia during Sherman's March to the Sea, February 6, 1864–December 1864. Post-war: Fled to Cuba, November 4, 1865, later to France, England, Canada; returned 1867. Again became a power in Georgia politics but held no office because he did not apply for a pardon.
Toon, Thomas F.	Brigadier General rank: May 31, 1864 nom, conf: June 2, 1864 Reverted to Colonel August 1864	June 10, 1840, Columbia County, North Carolina	February 19, 1902, Raleigh, North Carolina	Wake Forest College, 1861	War: Private, May 20, 1861, first lieutenant, June 17, 1861, captain of company, July 19, 1861, 20th North Carolina Infantry. Fought at Seven Pines, the Seven Days battles, South Mountain, and Fredericksburg. Major, June 1862, colonel, February 26, 1863. Led regiment in Jackson's flank attack at Chancellorsville; fought at Gettysburg, in the Mine Run campaign, the Wilderness and Spotsylvania Court House. Commanded brigade in Valley Campaign of 1864 and at Battle of Monocacy. In Siege of Petersburg. Wounded seven times, most severely at the Battle of Fort Stedman, Virginia, March 25, 1865. Reverted to grade (rank) of colonel when General R. D. Johnston returned to his command of the brigade in August 1864. Post-war: Returned to North Carolina, moved to Robeson County in 1891; North Carolina legislator, teacher, North Carolina state superintendent of education, 1901–1902.
Tracy, Edward D.	Brigadier General rank, nom: August 16, 1862 conf: September 30, 1862	November 5, 1833, Macon, Georgia	May 1, 1863, Port Gibson, Mississippi; Buried: Macon, Georgia	University of Georgia, 1850	Pre-war: Lawyer, moved to Huntsville, Alabama in 1850s. War: Captain, January 1861, of a Madison County company that became part of 4th Alabama Infantry. Fought at First Bull Run. Lieutenant colonel of 19th Alabama Infantry, October 12, 1861. Initial brigade command, June 29, 1862. Horse killed under him at Shiloh. Went to East Tennessee with McCown's division. Sent to Vicksburg early in 1863. Killed at the Battle of Port Gibson, Mississippi, May 1, 1863.
Trapier, James H.	Brigadier General rank, nom: October 21, 1861 conf: December 13, 1861	November 24, 1815, near Georgetown, South Carolina	December 21, 1865, Georgetown, South Carolina	USMA, 1838 3rd in class	Pre-war: Resigned as first lieutenant, U.S. Army, February 28, 1848. Resided on plantation in South Carolina, planter. Colonel, ADC, South Carolina Militia. War: With Beauregard in construction of batteries in Charleston Harbor. Engineer, April 1861–November 1861. Major and assistant quartermaster, June 19, 1861. Assigned to command District of Eastern and Middle Florida. Commanded a division at Second Battle of Corinth. Criticized by Florida State convention and by General Braxton Bragg. Held inferior posts in South Carolina until end of war.
Trimble, Isaac Ridgeway	Brigadier General nom: August 6, 1861 rank, conf: August 9, 1861 Major General rank: January 17, 1863 nom, conf: January 23, 1863	May 15, 1802, Culpeper County, Virginia	January 2, 1888, Baltimore, Maryland.	USMA, 1822	Pre-war: Resigned as second lieutenant, U.S. Army, May 31, 1832, to enter the field of railroad development as construction engineer for four railroads. Moved to Maryland. War: Burned bridges north of Baltimore at the outbreak of the Civil War. Colonel of engineers in State forces, building defenses of Norfolk, Virginia, May 25, 1861. Fought in Jackson's Valley Campaign, the Seven Days' Battles, at Cedar Mountain and with Jackson in capture of Manassas Junction. Severely wounded at the Battle of Second Bull Run. Lost a leg and was captured during Pickett's Charge at the Battle of Gettysburg, July 3, 1863. Not exchanged until February 1865 because of knowledge of northern railroads; unable to rejoin army before surrender.
Tucker, William F.	Brigadier General rank: March 1, 1864 nom: March 7, 1864 conf: May 11, 1864	May 9, 1827, Iredell County, North Carolina	September 14, 1881, Okolona, Mississippi	Emory and Henry College, 1848	Pre-war: Moved to Mississippi. Lawyer and probate judge. War: Captain in 11th Mississippi Infantry, May 13, 1861. Fought at the Battle of First Bull Run. Company was transferred to 41st Mississippi Infantry in the west with Tucker as colonel, May 8, 1862. Led regiment at Perryville (wounded), Stones River, Chickamauga and Chattanooga. Severely wounded at the Battle of Resaca, Georgia, May 14, 1864 and incapacitated for further field duty. Commanded District of Southern Mississippi and East Louisiana at end of the war. Post-war: Lawyer, state legislator, elected 1876, 1878. Murdered, allegedly by two men hired by a person against whom Tucker had a case pending for misappropriation of guardianship funds.
Twiggs, David Emanuel "Horse", "Bengal Tiger", "Tiger"	Major General rank, nom: May 22, 1861 conf: August 28, 1861	1790, Richmond County, Georgia	July 15, 1862, Augusta, Georgia		Pre-war: Captain in 8th United States Infantry Regiment, March 12, 1812. Veteran of War of 1812 and Mexican-American War. Promoted to brigadier general and brevetted major general for Mexican-American War service. One of the four general officers of the line in the pre–Civil War U.S. Army. Surrendered U.S. Army forces and military stores in Texas before the beginning of the Civil War and for this reason was dismissed for treason from the U.S. Army on March 1, 1861. War: Assigned to command District of Louisiana, but on October 11, 1861 was retired due to infirmities. Buried on property where born.
Tyler, Robert C.	Brigadier General rank: February 23, 1864 nom: March 5, 1864 conf: June 9, 1864	1833 Baltimore, Maryland	April 16, 1865 West Point, Georgia		Pre-war: Stated age as 28 when enlisted as private in Company D of 15th Tennessee Infantry, April 18, 1861. Supposed to have been born in Baltimore, Maryland but no definite record. Nothing known before his participation in William Walker's 1856 filibuster expedition to Nicaragua. Then moved from Baltimore to Memphis. War: Quartermaster sergeant, April 18, 1861, major, September 1861, lieutenant colonel, December 26, 1861, 15th Tennessee Infantry. At Battle of Belmont. Wounded at the Battle of Shiloh. After Second Battle of Corinth, June 1862, was elected colonel of regiment. For a time was General Bragg's provost marshal during the Kentucky campaign. Wounded at Chickamauga. Wounded and lost a leg at the Battle of Missionary Ridge. Did not rejoin Army of Tennessee after brigadier general appointment. Posted to duty at West Point, Georgia. With a small group of extra-duty men, militia and detached soldiers, defended Fort Tyler at West Point from forces of Union Major General James H. Wilson; killed by a sharpshooter, April 16, 1865, one week after the surrender of General Robert E. Lee and the Army of Northern Virginia.

V

Name	Rank	Date, Place of Birth	Date, Place of Death	College	Notes
Vance, Robert Brank	Brigadier General rank: March 4, 1863 nom: March 9, 1863 conf: April 23, 1863	April 24, 1828 Buncombe County, North Carolina	November 28, 1899 Alexander, North Carolina; Buried: Asheville, North Carolina		Pre-war: Older brother of North Carolina Governor and U.S. Senator Zebulon Vance. Merchant, planter, clerk of court of pleas and quarter sessions. War: Recruited "Buncombe Life Guards" company, elected captain, April 1861. Colonel, 29th North Carolina Infantry, April 24, 1861. In East Tennessee in defense of Cumberland Gap and in Kentucky Campaign with Major General E. Kirby Smith. Fought at Murfreesboro (Stones River), contracted yellow fever. Initial brigade command, January 1, 1863. As brigadier general, assigned to duty in Western North Carolina; captured at Crosby Creek, North Carolina, January 14, 1864, special parole for prisoner exchange, 1864, exchanged and final parole: March 10, 1865. Post-war: U.S. Congressman, March 4, 1873–March 3, 1885. Assistant commissioner of patents, 1885–1889. North Carolina State legislator, 1894–1896.
Van Dorn, Earl "Buck"	Brigadier General rank, nom: June 5, 1861 conf: August 28, 1861 Major General rank, nom: September 19, 1861 conf: December 13, 1861	September 17, 1820 Port Gibson, Mississippi	May 7, 1863 Spring Hill, Tennessee Buried: Port Gibson, Mississippi	USMA, 1842, 52nd of 56.	Pre-war: Indian campaigns and Mexican-American War veteran (wounded). Wounded by Indians, October 1, 1858. Resigned as major, U.S. Army, January 31, 1861. Brigadier general, then major general, Mississippi militia. War: Colonel, 1st Regular Cavalry, April 11, 1861, brigadier general, June 5, 1861. Commander of Confederate Army of the West. Defeated at Battle of Pea Ridge (Elkhorn Tavern), but received Thanks of Confederate Congress. Transferred to Army of Mississippi at Vicksburg. Defeated at Second Battle of Corinth by Union General William S. Rosecrans. Relieved by Lieutenant General John C. Pemberton. Destroyed Union Major General Grant's supply depots at Holly Springs, Mississippi, December 1862. Killed by a Dr. James Bodie Peters, May 7, 1863, who alleged Van Dorn "violated the sanctity of his home."
Vaughan, Alfred Jefferson Jr.	Brigadier General rank: November 18, 1863 nom: November 21, 1863 conf: February 17, 1864	May 10, 1830 Dinwiddie County, Virginia	October 1, 1899 Indianapolis, Indiana	VMI, 1851	Pre-war: Civil engineer, deputy U.S. surveyor in Southern California, private secretary to Alfred Cumming of Georgia who was negotiating a treaty with Indians of the upper Missouri River area for the Northern Pacific Railroad. Farmer in Marshall County, Mississippi, 1856. War: Captain of Dixie Rifles of Moscow, Tennessee, May 1861. Lieutenant colonel, June 7, 1861, colonel, December 4, 1861, 13th Tennessee Infantry. Wounded at Shiloh. Fought in every battle in the west from Belmont to Vining Station. Wounded, lost leg at the Battle of Vining Station, Georgia during the Atlanta Campaign. Post-war: farmer in Mississippi until 1872 when moved to Memphis, prominent in Grange movement. Clerk of the criminal court of Shelby County, elected 1872, 1882. Commander of Tennessee Division of United Confederate Veterans, 1897–1899. Buried at Memphis, Tennessee.
Vaughn, John C.	Brigadier General rank: September 22, 1862 nom: September 26, 1862 conf: October 3, 1862	February 24, 1824 Roane County, Tennessee	September 10, 1875 Thomasville, Georgia		Pre-war: Mexican-American War veteran. Merchant. War: Witnessed bombardment of Fort Sumter. Colonel, 3rd Tennessee Infantry, May 3, 1861. Reported to Harpers Ferry, fought at Battle of First Bull Run (First Manassas). Fought at Vicksburg, captured July 4, 1863, exchanged October 13, 1863. Commanded cavalry brigade during the Shenandoah Valley Campaign (1864). Fought at Battle of Piedmont, with Lieutenant General Early in march on Washington, wounded twice at Martinsburg, West Virginia. In command in East Tennessee, joined General Joseph E. Johnston's forces in North Carolina. Brigade formed part of Jefferson Davis's escort in flight south after fall of Richmond. Paroled May 9, 1865, Washington, Georgia. Post-war: Lived in Brooks County, Georgia and Monroe County, Tennessee; one term as presiding officer of Tennessee senate. Planter in Georgia
Villepigue, John Bordenave	Brigadier General rank: March 13, 1862 nom: March 14, 1862 conf. March 18, 1862	July 2, 1830 Camden South Carolina	November 9, 1862 Port Hudson, Louisiana Buried: Camden, South Carolina	USMA, 1854	Pre-war: Resigned as first lieutenant, U.S. Army, March 31, 1861. War: Captain of artillery in Regular Confederate Army. Major, April 16, 1861, 1st Georgia Infantry Battalion. Lieutenant colonel, September 1861, colonel, October 29, 1861, 36th Georgia Infantry. Commanded at Pensacola (wounded) and Mobile, Alabama until promoted and ordered to join General Bragg at Corinth. Assigned to command Fort Pillow on the Mississippi River. Ordered to retire, blew up fort. Commanded a brigade under Major General Van Dorn at Second Battle of Corinth. Died of "fever" (pneumonia), November 9, 1862. Ancestor of World War I Medal of Honor recipient John Canty Villepigue.

W

Image	Name	Rank	Date, Place of Birth	Date, Place of Death	College	Notes
	Walker, Henry Harrison "Mud"	Brigadier General rank, nom: July 1, 1863 conf: February 17, 1864	October 15, 1832, Sussex County, Virginia	March 12, 1912, Morristown, New Jersey	USMA, 1853	Pre-war: Served in Kansas. Resigned as first lieutenant, U.S. Army, May 3, 1861. War: Captain, Regular Confederate Army. Lieutenant colonel, 40th Virginia Infantry, November 1861. Twice wounded at Battle of Gaines Mill. Fought at Bristoe Station, in Mine Run campaign. Wounded, lost left foot, at Battle of Spotsylvania. Court martial duty in Richmond. Closing weeks: guard duty on Richmond and Danville Railroad. Jefferson Davis dispatched Walker and troops to General Joseph E. Johnston after surrender at Appomattox, but Walker was paroled May 7, 1865 at Richmond. Post-war: Investment broker at Morristown, New Jersey.
	Walker, James Alexander "Bulldog", "Stonewall Jim"	Brigadier General rank: May 15, 1863 nom: May 16, 1863 conf. February 17, 1864	August 27, 1832, near Mt. Sidney, Augusta County, Virginia	October 30, 1901, Wytheville, Virginia	Attended VMI; University of Virginia Law School	Pre-war: Dismissed from VMI as a senior, 1852; charges by Stonewall Jackson. 18 months with Covington and Ohio Railway. Lawyer. Lived in Pulaski County, Virginia, militia captain. War: Ordered to Harpers Ferry. Lieutenant colonel, 13th Virginia Infantry, May 17, 1861, then colonel, February 26, 1862, succeeding A.P. Hill. Jackson came to have high regard for him. Initial brigade command, June 8, 1862. In almost every battle of 2nd Corps of Army of Northern Virginia from Jackson's Valley Campaign of 1862 to Appomattox. Wounded at Antietam. Badly wounded in left arm at Battle of Spotsylvania. Richmond & Danville Railroad defenses. Paroled April 9, 1865. Post-war: Farmer in Pulaski County. Lawyer. Virginia House of Delegates, elected 1871. Virginia lieutenant governor, elected 1875. Became a Republican. U.S. Congressman, March 4, 1895–March 3, 1899.
	Walker, John George	Brigadier General nom: December 9, 1861 rank, conf: January 9, 1862 Major General rank:, nom: November 8, 1862 conf: April 22, 1863	July 22, 1822, Cole County, Mississippi	July 20, 1893, Washington, D.C. Buried: Winchester, Virginia	Jesuit College, St. Louis	Pre-war: Tombstone says born 1821; Eicher says born Jefferson City, Missouri. U.S. Army commission, 1846. Mexican-American War veteran (wounded). Resigned as captain, U.S. Army, July 31, 1861. War: Lieutenant colonel of 8th Texas Cavalry, August 1861, colonel, September 1861. Fought in Maryland Campaign, including Harpers Ferry, Antietam (Sharpsburg)(wounded). Transferred to the Trans–Mississippi Department after Battle of Antietam. Command of Texas Infantry division. After fighting in Red River Campaign and wounded at Pleasant Hill, relieved Lieutenant General Richard Taylor in District of West Louisiana. End of War: Command of a division in District of Texas, New Mexico and Arizona. Went to Mexico before being paroled, then England. Post-war: U.S. consul at Bogota, Columbia; special commissioner to South American republics for Pan-American Convention.
	Walker, Leroy Pope	Brigadier General rank:, nom: September 17, 1861 conf: December 13, 1861	February 7, 1817, Huntsville, Alabama	August 22, 1884, Huntsville, Alabama	University of Alabama; University of Virginia Law School	Pre-war: Lawyer, 1837. State legislator; judge of circuit court, delegate to Nashville Convention, secessionist. Brigadier general, Alabama militia. War: First Confederate Secretary of War; resigned September 16, 1861; garrison command at Mobile, Alabama and Montgomery, Alabama; resigned as brigadier general March 31, 1862; presided over military court, April 6, 1864 until end of war as a colonel. Post-war: Lawyer at Huntsville, Alabama; president of state constitutional convention of 1875; delegate to Democratic Party National Conventions, 1876, 1884.
	Walker, Lucius M.	Brigadier General rank:, nom: March 11, 1862 conf: April 11, 1862	October 18, 1829, Columbia, Tennessee	September 6, 1863, Little Rock, Arkansas Buried: Memphis, Tennessee	USMA, 1850	Pre-war: Resigned as second lieutenant, U.S. Army, March 31, 1852. Mercantile business at Memphis, Tennessee. War: Lieutenant colonel, 40th Tennessee Infantry, October 1861; colonel, November 11, 1861; assigned to Memphis. Ill during Battle of Shiloh. Fought at Second Battle of Corinth, Tupelo, Farmington. Distrusted by General Braxton Bragg. Transferred to Trans–Mississippi Department under General E. Kirby Smith. Commanded cavalry brigade in Major General Sterling Price's attack on Helena, Arkansas. Killed in a duel with General John S. Marmaduke, who questioned Walker's courage, on September 6, 1863. Price had tried to prevent the duel.
	Walker, Reuben Lindsay "Rube"	Brigadier General rank: February 18, 1865 nom: February 24, 1865 conf: March 1, 1865	May 29, 1827, Logan County, Virginia	June 7, 1890, Fluvanna County, Virginia Buried: Richmond, Virginia	VMI, 1845	Pre-war: Civil engineer; farmer in New Kent County, Virginia. War: Artillery captain, May 1861; major, March 31, 1862. Fought at First Bull Run (First Manassas); 63 battles with Army of Northern Virginia. Lieutenant colonel, July 3, 1862, colonel, March 14, 1863; A.P. Hill's chief of artillery. Only leave of absence during Seven Days Battles due to illness. Paroled, May 8, 1865. Post-war: Farmer at Selma, Alabama; superintendent, Marine and Selma Railroad, returned to Virginia, 1876, construction engineer of Richmond street railways; Richmond and Alleghany Railroad, Virginia state penitentiary and for Texas State Capitol, after move to Texas in 1884. Farmer in Fluvanna County, Virginia, 1888–1890.
	Walker, William H.T. "Shot Pouch", "Fighting Billy"	Brigadier General rank, nom: February 9, 1863 conf: March 2, 1863 Major General rank: May 23, 1863 nom: June 27, 1863 conf: January 25, 1864	November 26, 1816, Augusta, Georgia	July 22, 1864, Atlanta, Georgia Buried: Augusta, Georgia.	USMA, 1837	Pre-war: Wounded in Seminole Wars; gravely wounded in Mexican-American War. Commandant of USMA, July 31, 1854–May 22, 1856. Resigned as major and brevet lieutenant colonel, U.S. Army, December 20, 1860. Georgia militia. War: Colonel, CSA Infantry, April 25, 1861. Brigadier general in Confederate Army, May 25, 1861. At Pensacola, Florida, in Northern Virginia. Resigned October 29, 1861; commissioned major general of Georgia state troops. Recommissioned brigadier general, February 9, 1863, then major general, May 23, 1863, in Confederate service. In Vicksburg campaign with General Joseph E. Johnston; commanded Reserve Corps at Chickamauga. Killed by a picket of Union Army's 16th Corps at the Battle of Atlanta, July 22, 1864.
	Walker, William Stephen "Live Oak"	Brigadier General rank, nom: October 30, 1862 conf: April 22, 1863	April 13, 1822, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania	June 7, 1899, Atlanta, Georgia		Pre-war: Raised by uncle, U.S. Secretary of the Treasury and Senator Robert J. Walker, Mississippi, also from Pennsylvania, who adhered to the Union during the Civil War. Mexican-American War veteran; mustered out August 31, 1848. Commissioned captain of 1st U. S. Cavalry Regiment in 1855 when U.S. Army expanded. Resigned as captain, U.S. Army, May 1, 1861. War: Captain in Regular Confederate Army as from Florida. ADC to Robert E. Lee, November 5, 1861–December 1861. Colonel and acting IG of Department of South Carolina and Georgia. Commanded various districts; at Kinston, North Carolina in 1864, then with General Beauregard in defense of Petersburg. Wounded, captured at Ware Bottom Church, Virginia, during Overland Campaign on May 20, 1864, foot amputated, exchanged October 29, 1864. In command in North Carolina at the end of the war. Paroled May 1, 1865. Post-war: Lived at Atlanta, Georgia.
	Wallace, William Henry	Brigadier General (temporary) rank, nom: September 30, 1864 conf: September 21, 1864	March 24, 1827, Laurens District, South Carolina	March 21, 1901, Union, South Carolina.	South Carolina College, 1849.	Pre-war: Planter, newspaper publisher of Union Times, lawyer, State legislator, 1860. War: Enlisted as private, 18th South Carolina Infantry, January 1861; lieutenant, January 1862, captain, January 1862, lieutenat colonel, May 5, 1862 colonel, August 30, 1862. Led regiment into Virginia shortly after Seven Days Battles. Colonel killed at Second Bull Run (Second Manassas), Wallace succeeded him but was not nominated until June 10, 1864. Fought at battles of South Mountain and Antietam (Sharpsburg), defense of Charleston, South Carolina, and Siege of Petersburg. Fought at Battle of the Crater, July 30, 1864, initial brigade command. Led brigade at Petersburg and in Appomattox Campaign. Paroled April 9, 1865. Post-war: lawyer, planter, State legislator. Circuit judge, 1877–1893.
	Walthall, Edward Cary	Brigadier General rank: December 12, 1862 nom: December 23, 1862 conf: April 23, 1863 Major General (temporary) rank: June 6, 1864 nom: June 9, 1864 conf: June 10, 1864	April 4, 1831, Richmond, Virginia	April 21, 1898, Washington, D.C. Buried: Holly Springs, Mississippi		Pre-war: Moved to Holly Springs, Mississippi, age 10. Lawyer, 1852. District attorney. War: 1st lieutenant, April 27, 1861, Yalobusha Rifles, 15th Mississippi Infantry; lieutenant colonel, July 21, 1861. Colonel, 29th Mississippi Infantry, April 11, 1862. Battles: Second Battle of Corinth, Kentucky campaign (except ill at Murfreesboro), Chickamauga, Chattanooga, Atlanta campaign, Franklin–Nashville campaign, Carolinas campaign. With Army of Tennessee through the war. Wounded at "Battle Above the Clouds" at Chattanooga, captured and exchanged. Wounded at Resaca, Georgia, May 15, 1864. Two horses killed under him and wounded at Battle of Franklin, Tennessee where six other Confederate generals died. Commanded rear guard from Nashville. Paroled at Greensboro, May 1, 1865. Post-war: Lawyer, leader of movement to overthrow carpetbag government in Mississippi. United States Senator, 1885–1898.
	Waterhouse, Richard	Brigadier General rank March 17, 1865 nom, conf: March 18, 1865	January 12, 1832, Rhea County, Tennessee	March 20, 1876, Waco, Texas Buried: Jefferson, Texas		Pre-war: Mexican-American War veteran; fought while still a boy. Moved to San Augustine, Texas, 1849; mercantile business. War: Recruited 19th Texas Infantry, colonel, May 13, 1862. In major battles in the Trans–Mississippi Department. Fought at Milliken's Bend, Mansfield, Pleasant Hill. Assigned to command as brigadier general to date from April 30, 1864 by General E. Kirby Hill. Officially appointed to rank from March 17, 1865 by Jefferson Davis. Post-war: Land speculator in San Augustine and Jefferson, Texas. Fell down stairs at a Waco hotel (drugged or intoxicated) and dislocated shoulder, died of pneumonia two days later.
	Watie, Stand	Brigadier General rank, nom: May 6, 1864 conf: May 10, 1864	December 12, 1806, near Rome, Georgia	September 9, 1871, Honey Creek, Delaware County, Oklahoma		Pre-war: Planter in Georgia, published Cherokee newspaper. Signed treaty agreeing to removal of Cherokee from Georgia, 1835; split tribe; leader of minority "treaty" faction. War: Leader of a minority faction of the Cherokees in Oklahoma in allegiance to the Confederacy. Captain, CSA. April, 1861. Colonel, 1st (officially 2nd) Cherokee Mounted Rifles, July 12, 1861. Battles: Wilson's Creek, Pea Ridge (Elkhorn Tavern), raids, skirmishes. Thanks of Confederate Congress for capturing supply trains, especially at Cabin Creek, Indian Territory, September 19, 1864. Last Confederate general to surrender, June 23, 1865. Post-war: Planter, business enterprises.
	Waul, Thomas Neville	Brigadier General rank: September 18, 1863 nom: September 19, 1863 conf: June 10, 1864	January 5, 1813, near Statesburg, Sumter District, South Carolina	July 28, 1903, Hunt County, near Greenville, Texas Buried: Fort Worth, Texas	South Carolina College (University of South Carolina) until junior year	Pre-war: Teacher at Florence, Alabama. Lawyer at Vicksburg, Mississippi, 1835. Moved to Gonzales County, Texas: lawyer, planter. Elected to Provisional Confederate Congress, February 19, 1861–February 17, 1862. War: Recruited Waul's Texas Legion, colonel, May 17, 1862. Surrendered at Vicksburg, exchanged October 16, 1863 (Warner: September 18, 1863). Fought in Red River campaign Battles of Mansfield, Pleasant Hill and Camden Expedition Battle of Jenkins' Ferry (wounded). Post-war: First Texas reconstruction convention. Lawyer at Galveston. Later in life retired to a farm in Hunt County, Texas.
	Wayne, Henry C.	Brigadier General rank, nom: December 16, 1861 conf: December 24, 1861	September 18, 1815, Savannah, Georgia	March 15, 1883, Savannah, Georgia	USMA, 1838	Pre-war: 4th Artillery; transferred to quartermaster department, 1846. Mexican-American War veteran. Procured camels to test as means of army transportation in the southwestern U.S. Resigned as captain and brevet major, U.S. Army, December 31, 1860. War: Adjutant and IG of State of Georgia. Resigned brigadier general appointment after three weeks; on January 7, 1862, four days after being ordered to Manassas Junction; and January 11, 1862 returned to former position as adjutant and IG of Georgia Militia until end of the war. Directly in command of Georgia militia until relieved by General G. W. Smith. Post-war: Lumber business in Savannah, Georgia, 1866–1875.
	Weisiger, David A.	Brigadier General rank: July 30, 1864 nom: November 1, 1864 conf: February 3, 1865	December 23, 1818, Chesterfield County, Virginia	February 23, 1899, Richmond, Virginia Buried: Petersburg, Virginia.		Pre-war: Mexican-American War veteran. Officer of the day in Virginia militia at hanging of John Brown in 1859. War: Major, 4th Virginia Militia Battalion, April 1861. Colonel, 12th Virginia Infantry, May 9, 1861. Battles: Seven Pines, Seven Days' Battles, Second Manassas. Wounded, disabled from Second Manassas to following July. Succeeded Major General William Mahone in brigade command. Along with Mahone, Waul led successful counterattack at the Battle of the Crater at Petersburg, Virginia, July 30, 1864. Wounded at the Crater. Paroled at Appomattox, April 9, 1865. Post-war: Bank cashier at Petersburg, Virginia; businessman at Richmond, Virginia.
	Wharton, Gabriel Colvin "Gabe"	Brigadier General rank: July 8, 1863 nom: September 25, 1863 conf: February 17, 1864	July 23, 1824, Culpeper County, Virginia	May 12, 1906, Radford, Virginia	VMI, 1847, 2d in class	Pre-war: Civil engineering, mining interest, in Arizona. War: Major, 45th Virginia Infantry, July 1861. Colonel, 59th Virginia Infantry, August 1861. Battles: West Virginia campaign with Floyd. Escaped with Floyd from Fort Donelson in February 1862, then transferred east. Frequently operated in western Virginia. With Longstreet in East Tennessee. In Valley Campaign of 1864, Battle of New Market, pursued Hunter, with Early in campaign near Washington. Command overwhelmed and dispersed at Waynesboro, Virginia, March 1865. Paroled at Lynchburg, Virginia, June 21, 1865. Post-war: Resided in Radford, Virginia; elected several times to state senate, developed mining in the state.
	Wharton, John A.	Brigadier General rank, nom: November 18, 1862 conf: April 22, 1863 Major General rank: November 10, 1863 nom: November 12, 1863 conf. January 25, 1864	July 3, 1828, near Nashville, Tennessee	April 6, 1865, Houston, Texas Buried: Austin, Texas	South Carolina College	Pre-war: Moved to Texas at young age. Lawyer at Brazoria, Texas. Member of secession convention. War: Captain in Terry's Texas Rangers, 8th Texas Cavalry, February 1861. Colonel, November 13, 1861, after deaths of Terry, Lubbock. Wounded at Shiloh. Initial brigade command September 27, 1862. In Kentucky campaign, wounded at Stone's River. Served under Forrest, Wheeler. Battles of Murfreesboro, Chickamauga. Assigned to command cavalry in Richard Taylor's department. Red River campaign. Remainder of war in Trans–Mississippi Department. Killed by Colonel George W. Baylor, 2nd Texas Cavalry, on April 6, 1865 after Baylor stated the unarmed Wharton slapped him and called him a liar.
	Wheeler, Joseph "Little Joe", "Fightin' Joe"	Brigadier General rank, nom: October 30, 1862 conf: April 22, 1863 Major General rank: January 20, 1863 nom: January 23, 1863 conf: February 4, 1864	September 10, 1835, Augusta, Georgia	January 25, 1906, Brooklyn, New York Buried: Arlington, Virginia	USMA, 1859	Pre-war: Resigned as second lieutenant, U.S. Army, April 22, 1861. War: 1st lieutenant of artillery. Colonel, 19th Alabama Infantry, September 4, 1861. Fought at Shiloh; transferred to cavalry. Chief of cavalry of the Army of Mississippi, July 13, 1862, and the Army of Tennessee. Initial brigade command, September 14, 1862. Wounded three times. Battles: Kentucky campaign, Murfreesboro (Stones River), Chattanooga, Atlanta campaign. Raided Sherman's communications, unsuccessful in opposing Sherman's advance to Savannah. In Carolinas Campaign; succeeded by Lieutenant General Wade Hampton as command became increasingly undisciplined. Post-war: Lived in New Orleans, moved to Wheeler, Alabama, 1868. U.S. Congressman, 1882–1900. Major general of U.S. Volunteers in the Spanish-American War. Retired as brigadier general in the U.S. Army (Regular Army). One of two Confederate generals buried at Arlington National Cemetery.
	Whitfield, John Wilkins	Brigadier General rank, nom: May 9, 1863 conf: January 25, 1864	March 11, 1818, Franklin, Tennessee	October 27, 1879, Halletsville, Texas		Pre-war: Mexican-American War veteran. Moved to Independence, Missouri, about 1853. Indian agent in Missouri and Arkansas. Congressional delegate from Kansas Territory, 1857. Register of land office at Doniphan, Kansas, 1857–1861. War: Captain, July 1861, major, September 1861, colonel, March 1, 1862, 27th Texas Cavalry. Fought at Pea Ridge (Elkhorn Tavern), Iuka, Vicksburg campaign with General Joseph E. Johnston. Wounded at Battle of Iuka, Mississippi. Commanded a brigade under Major General W. H. Jackson in Mississippi. Without a command later in the war. Paroled June 29, 1865, Columbus, Texas. Post-war: State legislator from Lavaca County, Texas.
	Whiting, William Henry Chase "Little Billy"	Brigadier General rank, nom: July 21, 1861 conf: August 28, 1861 Major General rank: February 28, 1863 nom: March 5, 1863 conf: April 22, 1863	March 22, 1824, Biloxi, Mississippi	March 10, 1865, New York, New York Buried: Wilmington, North Carolina.	USMA, 1845	Pre-war: Highest grades at West Point achieved up to that time. Rivers and harbors and fortifications construction in South and California. Resigned as captain, U.S. Army, February 20, 1861. War: Joined Joseph E. Johnston's Army of the Shenandoah as chief engineer and arranged its transfer to the Battle of First Bull Run (Manassas). Commanded a division in Jackson's Valley Campaign of 1862, Seven Pines, Seven Days Battles. After Battle of Malvern Hill, developed Fort Fisher, North Carolina. Briefly at Siege of Petersburg. Severely wounded, taken prisoner at Battle of Fort Fisher, January 15, 1865. Died of wounds, March 10, 1865, at Fort Columbus, New York Harbor.
	Wickham, Williams Carter	Brigadier General rank: September 1, 1863 nom: September 2, 1863 conf: January 25, 1864	September 21, 1820, Richmond, Virginia	July 23, 1888, Richmond, Virginia Buried: Hanover County, Virginia	University of Virginia	Pre-war: Lawyer, 1842, then planter. Elected to Virginia House of Delegates, 1849, Virginia Senate, 1859. Presiding justice of Hanover County court. Union supporter in principle but took militia company immediately into Confederate service upon secession of Virginia. War: Present at Battle of First Bull Run (First Manassas). Captain, April 1861, lieutenant colonel, September 1861, colonel, August 1862, 4th Virginia Cavalry. Captured at Ashland, Virginia, May 29, 1862, exchanged for Thomas L. Kane, August 15, 1862. With Major General Jeb Stuart's cavalry corps. Wounded at Battle of Williamsburg and during Maryland campaign. Remained with army until fall 1864 despite being elected to Second Regular Confederate Congress after Battle of Chancellorsville. Active in Valley Campaigns of 1864. Resigned November 9, 1864 to take seat in Confederate Congress. Post-war: President of Virginia Central Railroad and of the Chesapeake and Ohio Railway. Chairman of Board of Supervisors of Hanover County, Virginia, 1871–1888. Member of Virginia State senate, 1883–1888.
	Wigfall, Louis Trezevant	Brigadier General rank, nom: October 21, 1861 conf: December 30, 1861	April 21, 1816, Edgefield, South Carolina	February 18, 1874, Galveston, Texas	University of Virginia; South Carolina College, 1837	Pre-war: Lawyer, 1839. Fought in Seminole War. Fire-eater Secessionist from 1844. Moved to Marshall, Texas, served in both houses of Texas legislature. U.S. Senate, December 5, 1859–withdrew March 23, 1861, expelled July 11, 1861. Helped defeat Crittenden Compromise. War: At Fort Sumter, tried to separately negotiate surrender with Major Anderson. Colonel, 1st Texas Infantry, August 28, 1861. Commanded Texas Brigade. Resigned February 20, 1862 to take a seat in the Confederate Senate. Supported Joseph E. Johnston; worked to undermine Jefferson Davis. Responsible for bill making Robert E. Lee General in Chief of all Confederate forces. Post-war: Lived in Texas without parole for about a year at the end of the war. Lived in England, 1866–1872. Lived in Baltimore for two years, moved to Galveston, Texas where he died a month later, February 18, 1874.
	Wilcox, Cadmus Marcellus "Billy Fixin'"	Brigadier General rank, nom: October 21, 1861 conf: December 13, 1861 Major General rank: August 3, 1863 nom. August 13, 1863 conf: January 25, 1864	May 29, 1824, Wayne County, North Carolina	December 2, 1890, Washington, D.C.	University of Nashville; USMA, 1846	Pre-war: Grew up in Tipton County, Tennessee. Mexican-American War veteran. Resigned as captain, U.S. Army, June 8, 1861. War: At all major battles of Army of Northern Virginia; service started at Battle of First Bull Run. Colonel, 9th Alabama Infantry, July 9, 1861. Defense of Fort Gregg at Petersburg, Virginia on April 2, 1865 allowed the Confederate Army to escape from Petersburg and Richmond. Post-war: Lived in Washington, D.C. Chief of railroad division of U.S. Land Office, 1886–1890. Buried at Oak Hill Cemetery, Washington, D.C.
	Williams, John Stuart "Cerro Gordo"	Brigadier General rank, nom: April 16, 1862 conf: April 18, 1862	July 10, 1818, Near Mount Sterling, Kentucky	July 17, 1898, Mount Sterling, Kentucky Buried: Winchester, Kentucky.	Miami of Ohio University, 1839	Pre-war: Lawyer. Mexican-American War veteran. Kentucky legislator, 1851–1855. War: Colonel, 5th Kentucky Infantry Regiment, November 16, 1861. Commanded Department of East Tennessee in Fall 1863. Helped defeat Union attack on salt works at Saltville, near Abingdon, Virginia. Thanks of Congress for Saltville. Later with Wheeler and in southwestern Virginia. Paroled May 9, 1865. Post-war: Farmer. Kentucky legislator, 1873–1877. U.S. Senator, March 4, 1879–March 3, 1885; defeated for re-election.
	Wilson, Claudius C.	Brigadier General rank: November 16, 1863 nom: November 18, 1863 conf: February 17, 1864 (posthumous)	October 1, 1831, Effingham County, Georgia	November 27, 1863, Ringgold, Georgia Buried: Savannah, Georgia	Emory College, 1851	Pre-war: Lawyer. U.S. solicitor general for eastern circuit of Georgia, 1859–1860. War: Captain, Company I, 25th Georgia Infantry, August 9, 1861, colonel, September 2, 1861. Served along South Carolina and Georgia coasts and with General Joseph E. Johnston in Vicksburg campaign. Commanded a brigade at Battle of Chickamauga. Died from camp fever at Ringgold, Georgia, November 27, 1863. Posthumously confirmed as brigadier general by Confederate Senate, February 17, 1864.
	Winder, Charles Sidney	Brigadier General rank: March 1, 1862 nom: March 5, 1862 conf: March 7, 1862	October 18, 1829, near Easton, Talbot County, Maryland	August 9, 1862, Cedar Mountain, West Virginia Buried: Wye House, near Easton, Maryland	USMA, 1850	Pre-war: Youngest captain in U.S. Army at the time, March 3, 1855, for heroism on a troop ship in a hurricane. Resigned as captain, U.S. Army, April 1, 1861. War: Major of artillery in Confederate Regular Army to rank from March 16, 1861. Colonel, 6th South Carolina Infantry, July 8, 1861. Led the Stonewall Brigade in Jackson's Valley Campaign of 1862. Fought in the Seven Days Battles. Killed at the Battle of Cedar Mountain, August 9, 1862.
	Winder, John H.	Brigadier General rank, nom: June 21, 1861 conf. June 28, 1861 reappointed nom. June 6, 1864 conf: June 10, 1864	February 21, 1800, Somerset County, Maryland	February 7, 1865, Florence, South Carolina Buried: Baltimore, Maryland	USMA, 1820	Pre-war: Mexican-American War veteran (wounded). Resigned as major and brevet lieutenant colonel, 3rd U.S. Artillery, April 27, 1861. War: Provost marshal in Richmond, Virginia. Appointed commissary general of prisoners, November 21, 1864; died February 7, 1865, aged 64. Accused by Northern press and public of starving Union prisoners of war, but, in mitigation, he had to cope with food shortages and unavailable or unreliable transport.
	Wise, Henry A.	Brigadier General rank: June 5, 1861 nom: June 5, 1861 conf: August 28, 1861 also February 17, 1864	December 3, 1806, Drummondtown, Virginia	September 12, 1876, Richmond, Virginia	Washington College, Pennsylvania, 1825	Pre-war: Lawyer in Nashville, Tennessee, 1828–1830. Returned to Virginia, elected to Congress, 1833. Minister to Brazil, 1844–1847. Governor of Virginia, January 1, 1856–January 1, 1860. Brother-in-law of Union Army Major General George G. Meade. War: Fought in West Virginia campaign, in North Carolina, in defense of Charleston, South Carolina, in Florida, at Drewry's Bluff, defense of Richmond. Post-war: Lawyer, author. Never sought amnesty or restoration of civil rights.
	Withers, Jones M.	Brigadier General rank, nom: July 10, 1861 conf: August 28, 1861 Major General rank: April 6, 1862 nom: August 16, 1862 conf: September 22, 1862	January 12, 1814, Mobile, Alabama	March 13, 1890, Mobile, Alabama	USMA, 1835	Pre-war: Resigned as brevet second lieutenant, U.S. Army, December 5, 1835 to study law. Fought in Creek uprising. Mexican-American War veteran, colonel of 9th U.S. Infantry. Resigned from U.S. Army again after Mexican-American War, merchant at Mobile, Alabama. Mayor of Mobile, Alabama, before and after the war. War: Colonel, 3rd Alabama Infantry. Defense of Mobile. Led 2 brigades at Battle of Shiloh. Fought in Kentucky campaign. In August 1863 until end of war in charge of reserve forces in Alabama. Post-war: Cotton broker, editor of Mobile Tribune, mayor of Mobile, 1867, city treasurer, 1878–1879, claim agent in Washington.
	Wofford, William T.	Brigadier General rank: January 17, 1865 nom: January 23, 1863 conf: April 23, 1863	June 28, 1824, Habersham County, Georgia	May 22, 1884, Cass Station, Georgia Buried: Cassville, Georgia	Franklin College, Georgia (University of Georgia	Pre-war: Mexican-American War veteran. Lawyer at Cassville, Georgia. State legislator, 1849–1853. Editor of Cassville Standard. Voted against secession at Georgia convention. War: Colonel, 18th Georgia Infantry, April 25, 1861. In North Carolina, Seven Days' Battles, Second Bull Run, South Mountain, Sharpsburg, Fredericksburg, Gettysburg, Chancellorsville, Knoxville, Overland Campaign, Valley Campaign of 1864; in command of Department of North Georgia. Post-war: Active in railroad organization; trustee of several educational institutions, member of 1877 state constitutional convention.
File:SAMWoodACW.jpg	Wood, Sterling A.M.	Brigadier General rank: January 7, 1862 nom: January 9, 1862 conf: January 7, 1862	March 17, 1823, Florence, Alabama	January 26, 1891, Tuscaloosa, Alabama	Jesuit College of St. Joseph, Bardstown, Kentucky	Pre-war: Lawyer at Murfreesboro, Tennessee, then Florence, Alabama. Solicitor of 4th judicial circuit of Alabama, 1851–1857. State legislator, 1857. Editor of Florence Gazette. War: Colonel, 7th Alabama Infantry, May 18, 1861. Served at Pensacola. Fought at Battle of Shiloh, badly wounded at Battle of Perrysville. Fought at Murfreesboro and Chickamauga under Major General Patrick Cleburne. Not mentioned in Cleburne's report on the Battle of Chickamauga but other brigade commanders praised. Resigned October 17, 1863. Post-war: Lawyer, attorney for Alabama Great Southern Railway. Alabama legislator. Professor of law, University of Alabama, 1889–1890.
	Wright, Ambrose Ransom "Rans"	Brigadier General rank, nom: June 3, 1862 conf: September 30, 1862 Major General (temporary) rank:, nom: November 26, 1864 conf. November 30, 1864	April 26, 1826, Louisville, Jefferson County, Georgia	December 21, 1872, Augusta Georgia		Pre-war: Lawyer, politician. War: Colonel, 3rd Georgia Infantry, May 18, 1861. Badly wounded at the Battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg), September 17, 1862. Wounded at Chancellorsville. With Army of Northern Virginia until November 1864, then in command in Georgia until the end of the war. Post-war: Lawyer, newspaper owner. Died in December 1872, just after being elected to U.S. House of Representatives. Former Confederate Vice President Alexander Stephens won the special election to fill the Congressional vacancy caused by Wright's death.
	Wright, Marcus Joseph	Brigadier General rank: December 13, 1862 nom. December 20, 1862 conf: April 22, 1863	June 5, 1831, Purdy, Tennessee	December 27, 1922, Washington, D.C.		Pre-war: Lawyer, clerk of common law and chancery court at Memphis, Tennessee. Militia colonel. War: Militia regiment mustered into Confederate Army as 154th Tennessee Infantry, lieutenant colonel, August 17, 1861. Military governor of Columbus, Kentucky. Fought at Battle of Belmont. Wounded at the Battle of Shiloh. Staff of General Cheatham at Battle of Perryville. Fought at Chickamauga, Chattanooga. Commanded posts at Atlanta, Macon and District of North Mississippi and West Tennessee. Paroled May 19, 1865. Post-war: Editor, Columbia Tennessee Journal. Lawyer at Memphis, purser of U.S. Navy yard. From 1878 through 1917, agent for collection of Confederate records for the War of the Rebellion: Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies, published by the U.S. government. Wrote many historical books and magazine articles. One of two Confederate generals buried in Arlington National Cemetery.

Y

Name	Rank	Date, Place of Birth	Date, Place of Death	College	Notes
York, Zebulon	Brigadier General (temporary) rank: May 31, 1864 nom: conf: June 2, 1864	October 19, 1819 Avon, Maine	August 5, 1900 Natchez, Mississippi.	Wesleyan Seminary, Kent Hill, Maine; Transylvania University; University of Louisiana Law School (Tulane)	Pre-War: Lawyer and cotton planter at Vidalia, Louisiana. War: Recruited a company of the 14th Louisiana Infantry, captain, April 1861. Elected major, September 2, 1861, lieutenant colonel, February 19, 1862, colonel, October 3, 1862. Wounded at Williamsburg, Second Bull Run. Fought in Peninsula campaign, Seven Days Battles, Second Bull Run (Second Manassas), Maryland campaign, Fredericksburg; recruiting in Louisiana during Chancellorsville; commanded regiment at Gettysburg and in Overland campaign. Fought in Valley Campaign of 1864. Lost left arm at Battle of Opequon or Third Battle Winchester, Virginia, September 19, 1864. Recruited for C.S.A. among foreign born prisoners of war. Paroled May 6, 1865, North Carolina. Post-war: Operated York House, Natchez, Mississippi in later years.
Young, Pierce Manning Butler	Brigadier General rank: September 28, 1863 nom: October 10, 1863 conf: February 17, 1864 Major General (temporary) nom: December 29, 1864 rank: December 30, 1864 conf: January 28, 1865	November 15, 1836 Spartanburg, South Carolina	July 6, 1896 New York City Buried: Cartersville, Georgia	USMA, resigned before 1861 graduation	Pre-war: Family moved to Bartow, Georgia when he was a small boy. War: First lieutenant, July 24, 1861, Cobb's legion, major, September 3, 1861. Lieutenant colonel of Cobb's Legion, November 15, 1861, commander of its cavalry. Distinguished in Major General Wade Hampton's brigade in the Maryland campaign. Colonel, November 1, 1862. Commanded Hampton's old division for part of 1864. Wounded four times. Wounded and captured at Allatoona, Georgia, October 5, 1864 and exchanged. Resisted Union General William T. Sherman's advance on Augusta, Georgia and then through the Carolinas. Post-war: U.S. House of Representatives, July 25, 1868–March 3, 1869, December 22, 1870–Narch 3m 1875, later, several diplomatic posts, including U.S. consul-general to Russia, 1885–1887, and U.S. Minister to Guatemala and Honduras, 1893–1896.
Young, William Hugh	Brigadier General (temporary) rank: August 15, 1864 nom: August 16, 1864 conf: February 20, 1865	January 1, 1838 Booneville, Missouri	November 28, 1901 San Antonio, Texas.	Washington College, Tennessee; McKenzie College, Texas; University of Virginia, 1859–1861	Pre-war: Family moved to Texas when he was an infant. War: ADC to Edward C. Clark, July 25, 1861. In September 1861 recruited and became captain of a company of the 9th Texas Infantry. Promoted to colonel, April 1862, after Battle of Shiloh. Fought at Perryville, Murfreesboro (Stones River), in the Vicksburg campaign with General Joseph E. Johnston and at Chickamauga and Kennesaw Mountain in the Atlanta campaign; wounded at the last four battles, twice at Kennesaw Mountain. Wounded, left foot shot off, taken prisoner at Allatoona, Georgia, October 5, 1864 during the march into the Franklin–Nashville campaign; released and paroled July 24, 1865. Post-war: Lawyer and real estate operator, editor of San Antonio Express at San Antonio, Texas.

Z

Image	Name	Rank	Date, Place of Birth	Date, Place of Death	College	Notes
	Zollicoffer, Felix Kirk "Zollie"	Brigadier General rank:, nom: July 9, 1861 conf: August 28, 1861	May 19, 1812 Maury County, Tennessee	January 19, 1862 Battle of Mill Springs, Kentucky Buried: Nashville, Tennessee		Pre-war: Newspaper work at Paris, Tennessee at age 16. Served as lieutenant of volunteers during Seminole war of 1836. Returned to journalism and politics after one year's service. AG, state comptroller, state senator. U.S. House of Representatives March 4, 1853–March 3, 1859; declined to run for fourth term. Member of "Peace Conference". Brigadier general, Tennessee militia, May 9, 1861. War: Tried to mollify Union sentiment in East Tennessee. Contrary to General Albert Sidney Johnston's instructions, moved forces to Kentucky side of Cumberland River before his superior officer, Maj. Gen. George B. Crittenden, arrived. Crittenden had to attack the approaching Union force because his force was against the river, precipitating the Battle of Mill Springs (Fishing Creek or Logan's Cross Roads), January 19, 1862.

Assigned to duty by E. Kirby Smith

After the fall of Vicksburg, communication between the Confederate Trans-Mississippi Department and the Confederate government in Richmond was slow and difficult. The commander of the department, General E. Kirby Smith, appointed several officers to duty as brigadier generals and as major generals. He tried to get President Jefferson Davis to formally appoint these officers and nominate them to the Confederate Senate for approval. While Davis did appoint some of Smith's earlier nominees, at least nine officers who were appointed by Smith late in the war and may have served in the capacity of generals for a period of time were never appointed and confirmed by the civilian authorities. The nine acting generals assigned to duty by General Smith listed below are in this category. One of them, Horace Randal, was killed in action while commanding a brigade at the Battle of Jenkins' Ferry under the overall command of General Smith.

Name	Rank	Notes
Bagby, Arthur Pendleton Jr.	Colonel	Born May 17, 1833, Claiborne, Alabama. Resigned as second lieutenant, U.S. Army, September 30, 1863. Lawyer, moved to Texas. Major, October 12, 1861, lieutenant colonel, April 4, 1862, colonel, November 15, 1862, 7th Texas Cavalry. Assigned to duty as brigadier general, March 17, 1864 and major general, May 16, 1865 (to rank from May 10), by General E. Kirby Smith. Wounded at Berwick Bay, April 13, 1863. Lawyer, editor. Died February 21, 1921, Hallettsville, Texas.
DeBray, Xavier	Colonel	Born Epinee, France, January 25, 1818. St. Cyr graduate. Emigrated to Texas, 1848. Newspaper published; teacher. First lieutenant, 1861, major, September 2, 1861, 4th Texas Infantry. Lieutenant colonel, December 7, 1861, 7th Texas Cavalry. Colonel, March 17, 1862, 26th Texas Cavalry. Assigned to duty as brigadier general, April 13, 1864 by General E. Kirby Smith. Commanded brigade. Post-war: editor and publisher. Died January 6, 1895, Austin, Texas.
Gordon, Benjamin Franklin	Colonel	Born Henry County, Tennessee, May 18, 1826. Moved to Missouri, 1831. Mexican-American War veteran. Moved to California in 1849; returned to Missouri. Lieutenant, Missouri State Guard, 1861. Wounded at Wilson's Creek. Major, 1862, lieutenant colonel, September 9, 1862, colonel, December 15, 1862, 5th Missouri Cavalry. Assigned to duty as brigadier general, May 16, 1865 by General E. Kirby Smith. Post-war: Fled to Mexico, returned to Missouri. Died September 22, 1866, Waverly, Missouri.
Jackman, Sidney Drake	Colonel	Born March 7, 1826 or March 21, 1828, Jessamine County, Kentucky. Moved to Missouri, 1830. Farmer, lieutenant, then captain, Missouri militia. Colonel, 1862, 7th Missouri Infantry. Colonel, 16th Missouri Infantry, August 31, 1862. Colonel, Jackman's Missouri Cavalry, September 1864. Assigned to duty as brigadier general, May 16, 1865 by General E. Kirby Smith. Post-war: Fled to Mexico, returned to Texas, 1866. Farmer, Texas legislator, U.S. Marshal. Died June 7, 1886, Hays County, Texas.
King, Wilburn Hill	Colonel	Born June 10, 1839, Culloden, Georgia. Lawyer, prospector. Moved to Texas, 1858, Missouri, 1860. Sergeant, 1861, lieutenant, 1861, Missouri militia. Captain, CSA, 3rd Missouri State Guard, 1861. Wounded at Wilson's Creek, August 10, 1861. Resigned 1861 and returned to Texas. Private, 1861, major, May 13, 1862, lieutenant colonel, February 25, 1863, colonel, August 10, 1863. 18th Texas Infantry. Initial brigade command, 1863. Wounded at Mansfield, Louisiana, April 8, 1864. Assigned to duty as brigadier general, April 16, 1864 by General E. Kirby Smith. Fled to Mexico, May 1865. Planter in Central America. Returned to Texas. Mayor of Sulphur Springs, Texxas. Lawyer, Texas legislator, AG of Texas militia, 1881–1891. Died December 12, 1910, Sulphur Springs, Texas. Buried: Corsicana, Texas.
Lewis, Levin Major	Colonel	Born January 6, 1832, Baltimore, Maryland. Moved to D.C., 1843. Maryland Military Academy. Wesleyan University, Connecticut. Lawyer. Moved to Missouri, 1855. Principal, Plattsburg College, 1856–1859. Methodist minister, teacher. Captain, Missouri militia, 1861. Colonel, March 24, 1861, 3rd Missouri Militia Cavalry. Muster out, May 1862. ADC to Earl Van Dorn, March 1862. Captain, June 18, 1862, 7th Missouri Infantry. Major, 1862, 16th Missouri Infantry. Wounded at Lone Jack, Missouri, August 16, 1862. Lieutenant colonel, December 4, 1862, colonel, March 4, 1863, 7th Missouri Infantry. Wounded and captured at Helena Arkansas, July 4, 1863, exchanged September 1864. Assigned to duty as brigadier general, May 16, 1865 by General E. Kirby Smith. Paroled, May 23, 1865, Shreveport, Louisiana. Author, Methodist preacher in Missouri, Louisiana, Texas. President, Arcadia College, Missouri. President, Arkansas Female College, 1874–1878. Professor of English, Texas A&M University. President, Marvin College, Texas, 1880. Died Los Angeles, California, May 28, 1886. Buried Dallas, Texas.
Maclay, Robert P.	Major	Borm February 19, 1820, Armagh, Pennsylvania. USMA, 1840. Wounded Resaca de la Palma, Texas, May 9, 1846 (start of Mexican War). Resigned as captain, U.S. Army, December 31, 1860. Major, Louisiana militia, December 16, 1861. Major of artillery, October 31, 1862. AAG and Commissary of Subsistence of Walker's Division, 1863. Assigned to duty as brigadier general, May 13, 1864 to date from April 30, 1864, by General E. Kirby Smith. Not nominated. Died Levy Plantation, New Roads, Louisiana, May 20, 1903. Buried: Fordoche, Louisiana.
Randal, Horace	Colonel	Born January 1, 1831 or January 4, 1833, McNairy Tennessee. Moved to Texas, 1838. USMA, 1854. Resigned as second lieutenant, U.S. Army, February 27, 1861. Private, Virginia Infantry, 1861. First lieutenant, CSA, Infantry, Cavalry, March 1861. Captain CSA 1861, resigned June 1861. First lieutenant and ADC to brother-in-law, Gustavus W. Smith, November 16, 1861. AIG, Smith's Corp, Army of Northern Virginia, 1861–1862. Colonel, February 18, 1861, 28th Texas Cavalry (dismounted). Initial brigade command, September 28, 1862, Trans–Mississippi Department. Assigned to duty as brigadier general, April 8, 1864 by General E. Kirby Smith. Appointment revoked by Jefferson Davis. Mortally wounded at the Battle of Jenkins' Ferry, April 30, 1864; Died of wounds, May 2, 1864. Buried: Marshall, Texas.
Terrell, Alexander Watkins	Colonel	Born, November 3 or 23, 1827, Patrick County, Virginia. Moved to Missouri, 1832. University of Missouri. Lawyer. Moved to Texas, 1852. Judge. Captain, ADC to Henry E. McCulloch, June 12, 1862, Captain, 1862, major, 1862, lieutenant colonel, March 31, 1862, 1st Texas Cavalry. Resigned January 1862. Lieutenant colonel, Arizona and New Mexico Cavalry Battalion, June 8, 1863. Colonel, 34th Texas Cavalry, June 20, 1863. Assigned to duty as brigadier general, May 10, 1865 by General E. Kirby Smith, (Warner: May 16, 1865, two days after disbanding his brigade.) Fled to Mexico. Colonel, Mexican Army, July 1865. Resigned November 1865. Returned to Texas. Lawyer, Texas legislator. U.S. Minister to Turkey 1893–1897. Died Mineral Wells, Texas, September 9, 1912. Buried: Austin, Texas.

Incomplete appointments, unconfirmed appointments, refused appointments, posthumous appointments or undelivered commissions

The following Confederate officers are often referred to in historical writings as generals but their appointments were never completed or confirmed or their commissions were not properly delivered.^[7] The appointments of a few were withdrawn before they were voted upon by the Confederate Senate. Some of the officers' appointments were nominated to but not confirmed by the Confederate Senate. Some of the officers' commissions as generals were not delivered until after they had died. In a few cases, promotions of officers to general officer grades were posthumous even as early as the dates of appointment or nomination and clearly were meant only to be tokens of respect or honor. Other general officer commissions remained undelivered when the war ended. At least two general officer appointments that appear in the historical record were unauthorized battlefield appointments which were not approved and confirmed by the civil authorities as the war was coming to a close. Nonetheless, these officers are notable because of their assignments or actions in the capacity of a general, almost always a brigadier general. The Eichers call most or all such officers "might-have-beens." About 24 of the officers in the alphabetical tables above are shown by Warner and Wright as full grade general officers but in fact their appointments, confirmations or commissions were incomplete or they died or the war ended before they received their commissions. The entries for these officers will be moved to the section below as the article is completed.

Name	Rank	Notes
Ashby, Henry Marshall	Colonel	Born, 1836, Fauquier County, Virginia. College of William and Mary. Captain, 4th Tennessee Battalion, July 4, 1861. Colonel, 2nd Tennessee Cavalry, May 24, 1862; wounded 1862; first brigade command, June 1864; commissioned a brigadier general in April 1865 while commanding a division in Maj. Gen. Joseph Wheeler's corps; commission never delivered. Killed July 10, 1868, at Knoxville, Tennessee during an argument with E.C. Camp, a local lawyer.
Bartow, Francis Stebbins	Colonel	Born September 6, 1816, Savannah, Georgia. Franklin College (University of Georgia), 1835. Yale University Law School. Georgia legislator, Planter. Captain, Georgia militia, 1856. CSA Provisional Congress from Georgia, February 7, 1861–July 21, 1861. Captain, May 21, 1861, colonel, June 1, 1861, 8th Georgia Infantry. Brigade command in Army of the Shenandoah, June 1861–July 21, 1861. Brigade commander, commanding two of his brigade's regiments at the Battle of First Bull Run (First Manassas), where he was killed in action, July 21, 1861. Confederate Congress accorded him the posthumous rank of acting brigadier general. Buried: Savannah, Georgia.
Bowles, Pinckney Downie	Colonel	Born July 7, 1835, Edgefield District, South Carolina. South Carolina Military Institute (The Citadel). University of Virginia Law School. Lawyer, Moved to Alabama, 1859, Colonel Alabama Militia, 1860. Captain, April 1, 1861, major, August 22, 1862, lieutenant colonel, September 30, 1862, colonel October 3, 1862, 4th Alabama Infantry. Temporary commands of brigade or brigade sized units starting January 7, 1865. No record ever promoted to or confirmed as brigadier general despite some sources claiming he was commissioned as such on April 2, 1865, which was after Confederate Senate adjourned for last time. Died July 25, 1910, Tampa, Florida; buried: Evergreen, Alabama.
Fauntleroy, Thomas Turner	Brigadier General, Provisional Army of Virginia	Born Richmond County, Virginia, October 8, 1795. War of 1812 veteran. Lawyer, Virginia Legislator. Major, USA, June 8, 1836. Resigned as colonel, U.S. Army, May 13, 1861. Brigadier general of Virginia militia, May 18, 1861–October 8, 1861. Samuel Cooper recommended appointment as brigadier general, July 9, 1861, but Fauntleroy refused the appointment. Major, 55th Virginia Infantry, resigned August 30, 1861. Died September 12, 1883, Leesburg, Virginia; buried: Winchester, Virginia.
Fiser, John Calvin	Colonel	Born May 4, 1838, Dyersburg, Tennessee. Moved to Mississippi, 1848, back to Tennessee, 1850. Clerk, merchant. 1st lieutenant, 17th Mississippi Infantry, May 27, 1861. First lieutenant and AAG, October 12, 1861. Lieutenant colonel, April 26, 1862. Wounded at Fredericksburg, Gettysburg. Lost right arm at Knoxville, November 29, 1863. Lieutenant Colonel February 12, 1864, colonel February 26, 1864. Resigned June 12, 1864. Commanded a brigade of Georgia reservists in the 1865 Carolinas Campaign. Appointment as brigadier general in the Confederate States Army was never confirmed. Merchant. Died June 15, 1876, Memphis, Tennessee.
Hagan, James	Colonel	Born County Tyrone, Ireland, June 17, 1822. Emigrated to Pennsylvania; moved to Alabama, 1837. Captain, Texas Rangers, 1846. Captain, USA Infantry March 5, 1847, Third Dragoons, April 9, 1847, discharged July 31, 1848. Planter. Captain, Alabama militia. Major, 1st Mississippi Cavalry, October 29, 1861. Colonel, 3rd Alabama Cavalry, July 1, 1862. Initial brigade command, July 1863. Resigned November 1863, resignation revoked 1864. Wounded at Battle of Franklin. Commanded cavalry brigade under Wheeler in 1865. Appointed acting brigadier general sometime between February and March, 1865 and referred to as such in official reports; not confirmed, commission never delivered. Wounded at Kinston, North Carolina, March 10, 1865, Fayetteville, North Carolina, March 11, 1866. Died November 6, 1901, Mobile, Alabama.
Hannon, Moses Wright	Colonel	Born December 14, 1827, Baldwin County, Georgia, Merchant. Moved to Alabama, 1847, California, 1850, back to Alabama, 1858. Captain 1861, lieutenant colonel, October 29, 1861, 1st Alabama Cavalry. Colonel, November 5, 1863, 53rd Alabama Cavalry (partisan rangers). Resigned December 16, 1863, resignation revoked. Acting brigadier general 1864., commanded cavalry brigade from April 1864. Wounded at Monroe's Crossroads, North Carolina, March 10, 1865. Appointed brigadier general sometime between February 15 and March, 1865 and referred to as such by General Wheeler; commission never delivered, paroled as a Colonel. Moved to Texas, 1870, planter. Died June 3, 1897, Leon, Texas.
Henderson, Robert Johnson	Colonel	Born November 12, 1822, Newton County, Georgia. Franklin College (University of Georgia), 1843. Lawyer, judge, miller, planter, major Georgia militia, Georgia legislator. Colonel, 42nd Georgia Infantry, March 20, 1862. Captured at Vicksburg, exchanged. Wounded at Resaca, Georgia, May 13, 1864. Initial brigade command March 1865. Promoted by General Joseph E. Johnston to acting brigadier general in March, 1865 at the Battle of Bentonville, never confirmed by civil authorities. Planter, mill owner. Died February 3, 1891, Atlanta, Georgia; buried Covington, Georgia.
Moore, Samuel Preston	Colonel, Surgeon General	Born September 16, 1813, Charleston, South Carolina. South Carolina Medical College, 1834. Moved to Arkansas. Physician, assistant surgeon, U.S. Army, March 14, 1835; major U.S, Army Medical Corps, March 30, 1849, resigned February 25, 1861. Surgeon general of the Confederate Army. Frequently listed as a brigadier erroneously; repeated attempts to pass legislation giving the post of Surgeon General the automatic rank of Brigadier General failed. Unsubstantiated statement of brigadier general, South Carolina militia, appointment in 1865. Teacher. Died Richmond, Virginia, May 31, 1889.
Munford, Thomas Taylor	Colonel	Born May 28, 1831, Richmond, Virginia. VMI, 1852. Lieutenant colonel, May 8, 1861, colonel, April 25, 1862, 2nd Virginia Cavalry. Wounded at Turkey Bridge, Virginia, June 30, 1862, Second Bull Run. Colonel, 13th Virginia Mounted Rifles. Assigned as brigadier general by Fitzhugh Lee, November 9, 1864, not commissioned. Commanded cavalry brigade and at end of war, a division, in Army of Northern Virginia from that date. Recommended for promotion by General Robert E. Lee March 23, 1865 to rank from November, 1864. Commission never received. Moved to Alabama, planter. Returned to Virginia, vice president, Lynchburg Iron, Steel & Mining Company. Died February 27, 1918, Uniontown Alabama; buried Lynchburg, Virginia.
O'Neal, Edward Asbury	Colonel Brigadier General: commission cancelled	Born September 20, 1818, Madison County, Alabama. LaGrange College, 1836; lawyer; Alabama legislator. Private, May 1861, major June 6, 1861, lieutenant colonel, October 21, 1861, 9th Alabama Infantry. Colonel, April 2, 1862, 26th Alabama Infantry. Wounded at the Battle of Seven Pines, at the Battle of Boonsboro in the Antietam Campaign, at Antietam and at Chancellorsville. Commanded brigade at Battle of Chancellorsville and fought at the Battle of Gettysburg. Gen. Robert E. Lee returned brigadier general commission of June 6, 1863 for O'Neal and it was canceled. Fought in Atlanta Campaign in command of brigade; was arresting deserters in Alabama at end of the war. Post-war lawyer, Democratic Party leader. Governor of Alabama, December 1, 1882–December 1, 1884. Died November 7, 1890, Florence, Alabama.
William Pegram, "Willie"	Colonel Acting brigadier general	Born June 29, 1841, Richmond Virginia. University of Virginia. Lawyer. Private, 1857, sergeant, 1860, sergeant-major, 1861, Virginia Militia. Private, April 1861, 21st Virginia Infantry. First lieutenant, May 1861, captain, March 1862, major, March 2, 1863, Virginia Artillery. Pegram's Artillery Battalion, Army of Northern Virginia, September 1863– April 1865. Lieutenant colonel, February 27, 1864, colonel February 13, 1865, acting brigadier general, March 1865. Mortally wounded April 1, 1865, Battle of Five Forks, Virginia; died April 2, 1865, Ford's Station, Virginia. Buried: Richmond, Virginia.
Porterfield, George	Colonel Acting Brigadier General	Born November 24, 1822, Berkeley County, Virginia. VMI, 1844. Mexican-American War. Veteran. Colonel, 25th Virginia Infantry, July 1, 1861. In command in Department of Northwestern Virginia, May 4, 1861–June 8, 1861. Acting brigadier general. In command at Battle of Philippi (West Virginia), June 3, 1861. Staff of Brig. Gen. William W. Loring, chief of ordnance on August 9, 1861. Briefly commanded a brigade under Edward "Allegheny" Johnson from April 21, 1862 to May 1, 1862. Not re-elected colonel 25th Virginia Regiment on May 1, 1862, with the addition of several companies of the 9th Battalion Virginia Infantry. After no action on appeal or promotion to brigadier general, soon resigned. Found by Union troops in June or July 1862 and arrested. Soon afterward, Union Maj. Gen. Nathaniel P. Banks ordered Porterfield to be paroled, never formally exchanged and took no further part in the war. Bank cashier. One of last three surviving members of Aztec Club (Mexican-American War officers). Died February 27, 1919, Martinsburg, West Virginia.
Semmes, Raphael "Beeswax", "Bim"	Rear Admiral, Confederate States Navy	Born September 27, 1809, Charles County, Maryland. Midshipman, U.S. Navy, April 1, 1826; promoted through commander, U.S. Navy, September 14, 1855, resigned February 15, 1861. Commander, C.S. Navy, March 16, 1861. Commanded CSS Sumter, commerce raider, CSS Alabama. Wounded off Cherbourg France. Twice received Thanks of Confederate Congress. Commanded James River Squadron, February 18, 1865–April 9, 1865. Assigned as a Brigadier General by President Davis, April 5, 1865, to command the Danville, Virginia defenses, not confirmed. Arrested for treason, December 15, 1865, released April 7, 1866. Judge. Professor of philosophy and literature at Louisiana State University. Editor, Memphis Bulletin. Died August 30, 1877, Point Clear, Alabama; buried: Mobile, Alabama.
Taylor, Thomas H.	Colonel Brigadier General unconfirmed	Born July 31, 1825, Frankfort, Kentucky. Kenyon College; Centre College graduate. Mexican-American War veteran. Lieutenant colonel, July 3, 1861, 1st Kentucky Infantry, a 12-month regiment. Fought in Peninsula Campaign. Commanded brigade at Cumberland Gap and with General E. Kirby Smith in Kentucky. Provost marshal for Lieutenant General Pemberton at Vicksburg. Captured, paroled and exchanged. Commanded District of South Mississippi and East Louisiana. Provost marshal for Lieutenant General S. D. Lee. Post commander at Mobile, Alabama at end of war. Appointed brigadier general November 4, 1862 but President Jefferson Davis failed to nominate him to the Confederate Senate at that grade. Captured at Vicksburg and exchanged. Provost marshal appointments in Alabama. Post-war: Returned to Kentucky; deputy U.S. marshal, 5 years. Eleven years as police chief of Louisville. Died April 12, 1901 at Louisville, Kentucky. Buried at Frankfort, Kentucky.
Walker, Francis Marion	Colonel	Born February 1, or November 12, 1827, at Danville or Paris, Kentucky. Mexican-American War veteran. Transylvania University. Lawyer. Captain, 1861, lieutenant colonel, June 11, 1861, colonel, May 8, 1862, 19th Tennessee Infantry. Brigade command in June and July 1864. Killed at Battle of Atlanta, June 22, 1864; commission received June 23, 1864. (Eicher says not confirmed.) Buried: Chattanooga, Tennessee.

State militia generals

At the beginning of the Civil War, the Union Army incorporated most State militia units from the States adhering to the Union, mainly because they were offered for federal service by their States in response to President Abraham Lincoln's call for volunteers to put down the rebellion of the Confederate States. If the generals of these units did not receive appointments by the President of the United States and confirmation by the United States Senate and come into federal service with their units, new Union Army generals were appointed and confirmed for the Union Army brigades or divisions in which the units were placed. States often retained or further recruited some militia units for local defense but these units, including any generals, saw little, if any, combat in the Civil War as State units. State militia units remaining under State control did not leave their States for service elsewhere and few battles or lesser actions were fought in the Northern States. The battles of South Mountain, Antietam, Gettysburg and Monocacy were among the more notable exceptions.

The Confederate States Army followed a similar pattern with respect to incorporating volunteer militias but certain States retained a significant number of militia units for local defense. Because most of the battles of the Civil War occurred in Southern States, some of these units, and their State-appointed generals, saw significant service and combat. They were usually brought under the command of Confederate State Army commanders and forces in their areas but on a few occasions were the only forces available to oppose Union forces. State units fought in Texas, in Missouri, especially early in the war, in Virginia, especially during Jackson's Valley Campaign, in Mississippi, especially during the Vicksburg Campaign, in Georgia, especially during Sherman's March to the Sea, and in South Carolina, especially in the Carolinas Campaign.

Authors have not always pointed out that the generals in certain Civil War battles, actions or campaigns were State militia generals, not duly appointed and confirmed Confederate States Army (almost always Provisional Army of the Confederacy) generals. They were fighting for the Confederate cause and may have commanded a large number of troops but they are still properly described only as State militia generals.

Many of the Southern States' militia officers are identified by historian Bruce C. Allardice.^[8] Allardice, and others like him who take an expansive view of Confederate general officer appointments, identify many militia officers who were never mustered into national service for the Confederacy, nor did they serve as generals in any campaign or significant battle. The list below does not include those officers. It is limited to those known to have served in the field in command of militia units, on in another significant capacity such as guard duty in an active theater or in temporary command of Confederate Army brigades or divisions.

Below is a list of the more significant State militia generals from the Confederate States. These generals commanded and participated in battles and campaigns, at least in their home states, and thus provided some field service during the war. As such, they are likely to be referred to as Confederate generals in some books, articles or sources, even though they were State militia generals and not duly commissioned Confederate generals.

Name	Rank	Notes
Alcorn, James Lusk	Brigadier General, Mississippi Militia	Born November 4, 1816, Golconda, Illinois Territory. Moved to Kentucky. Cumberland College. Teacher, sheriff, Kentucky legislator, lawyer. Moved to Mississippi. Planter, a founder of Mississippi levee system. Mississippi legislator. Brigadier General of Mississippi State militia, January 23, 1861. Not appointed and confirmed as a general in the Confederate States Army. Captured at Helena, Arkansas, exchanged. Colonel, Mississippi, Mississippi militia, 1862. Post-war Mississippi legislator, Governor of Mississippi, March 10, 1870–resigned November 30, 1871. United States Senator, December 1, 1871–March 3, 1877. Supported a new college for African-American students, now known as Alcorn State University. Died December 20, 1894, "Eagle Nest," Coahoma County, Mississippi.
Anderson, Charles David	Brigadier General, Georgia Militia	Born May 22, 1827, DeKalb County, Georgia. Planter, Mayor of Fort Valley, Georgia. Captain, May 27, 1861, major, May 17, 1862, lieutenant colonel, May 15, 1863, resigned January 20, 1864, 6th Georgi Infantry. Wounded and captured at Antietam, exchanged. Wounded at Chancellorsville. ADC to Georgia Governor Joseph E. Brown. Brigadier general of the 3rd Georgia Militia brigade. Brigade fought with the Army of Tennessee in the Atlanta campaign; sent to oppose Sherman's March to the Sea. Wounded at the Battle of Griswoldville on November 22, 1864. Mustered out: January 1865. Cotton broker. Georgia legislator. Died February 22, 1901, Fort Valley, Georgia.
Boggs, James	Brigadier General, Virginia Militia	Born, April 8, 1796, County Down, Ireland. Moved to Virginia, 1807. Farmer, sheriff, Virginia legislator, merchant. Brigadier General, Provisional Army of Virginia, April 27, 1861–June 8, 1861. Commander, 18th Brigade, Virginia militia, Valley District, November 1861. Served in Jackson's Valley Campaign. Died Pendleton County, Virginia, January 28, 1862. Buried: Franklin, West Virginia.
Carson, James Harvey	Brigadier General, Virginia Militia	Born February 11, 1808, near Winchester, Virginia. Teacher, lawyer, colonel Virginia militia. Brigadier general, Virginia militia, 1859–retired December 1861. Commander, 16th Brigade, Virginia militia, Valley District, November 1861. Served in Jackson's Valley Campaign. Farmer, lawyer, realtor. Died January 13, 1884, Leesburg, Virginia. Buried: Carson Graveyard, Pleasant Green.
Carswell, Reuben Walker	Brigadier General, Georgia Militia	Born September 29, 1837 or December 26, 1838, "Middle Ground" Plantation, Louisville, Georgia. Emory University, 1856. Lawyer. Georgia legislator. Brigadier General, Provisional Army of Virginia, April 27, 1861–June 8, 1861. Second lieutenant, June 14, 1861, lieutenant, March 7, 1862, 20th Georgia Infantry. Resigned March 8, 1862. Captain, March 1862, lieutenant colonel, March 22, 1862, 48th Virginia Infantry. Resigned November 12, 1864. Georgia legislator. Brigadier general, May 1864, 1st Brigade, Georgia militia. Served in the Atlanta campaign. Lawyer, judge. Died January 11, 1889, Louisville, Georgia.
Chapman, Augustus A.	Brigadier General, Virginia Militia	Born March 9, 1803, Union, Virginia. University of Virginia. Lawyer, Virginia legislator. U.S. Representative from Virginia, March 4, 1843–March 3, 1847. Brigadier general, Virginia militia, 19th Brigade, 1861. Brigadier General, Provisional Army of Virginia, April 27, 1861–June 8, 1861. Served in the Kanawha Campaign. Mustered out: 1862. Lawyer, planter. Died June 7, 1876, Hinton, West Virginia. Buried: Union, West Virginia.
Clark, Edward	Colonel, CSA; Brigadier General, Texas Militia	Born April 1, 1815, Wilkes County, Georgia or Louisiana. Moved to Alabama, 1832. Clerk, lawyer. Moved to Texas, 1842. Republic of Texas staff, Mexican War. Texas legislator. Lieutenant governor of Texas, 1857– 1859. Acting governor of Texas, March 18, 1861–November 7, 1861 after Sam Houston deposed as governor for refusing Confederate loyalty oath. Colonel, Texas militia, 1861. Colonel, 1863, 14th Texas Infantry. Appointment as CSA brigadier general not confirmed. Wounded at Battle of Pleasant Hill, Louisiana, April 9, 1864. Brigadier general of Texas state militia, 1865. Fled to Mexico, 1865. Lawyer. Died Marshall, Texas, May 4, 1880.
Clark, John Bullock	Brigadier General, Missouri State Guard	Born April 17, 1802, Madison County, Kentucky. Moved to Missouri, 1818. Lawyer. Brig. gen. Missouri militia. Colonel, Missouri Volunteers, Black Hawk War. Major general, Missouri Militia, 1836–1838 and 1848–1861. U.S. representative from Missouri, December 7, 1857–expelled July 13, 1861. Father of Brig. Gen. John B. Clark, Jr. Brigadier general of Confederate Missouri State Guard, July 11, 1861–December 6, 1861 (resigned). Wounded at Wilson's Creek. Representative and senator from Missouri in Confederate Congress. Fled to Mexico. Returned to Missouri, 1870. Lawyer. Died October 29, 1885, Fayette, Missouri.
Clark, Meriwether Lewis Sr.	Brigadier General, Missouri State Guard Colonel	Born January 10, 1809, St. Louis, Louisiana Territory. Son of explorer William Clark. USMA, 1830. Resigned as second lieutenant, U.S. Army, May 31, 1833. Architect. Missouri legislator. Missouri militia major of Artillery, July 1, 1846–June 24, 1847. Brigadier general, Missouri State Guard, 9th Division, May 18, 1861–resigned April 1862. Major, Confederate Artillery, November 11, 1862. Colonel, Artillery, April 16, 1862. ADC to Braxton Bragg, July 17, 1862. AIG, ordnance, August 14, 1864–April 6, 1865. Commanded a brigade during the Appomattox Campaign. Captured at Sayler's Creek. Moved to Kentucky. Professor of mathematics, Kentucky Military Institute. Architect. Died October 28, 1881, Frankfort, Kentucky. Buried: St. Louis, Missouri.
DeSaussure, William Gibbs	Brigadier General, South Carolina Militia	Born July 23, 1822, Charleston, S.C. South Carolina College (University of South Carolina), 1840. Lawyer, South Carolina legislator. Lieutenant colonel, South Carolina Militia. Colonel, 1st South Carolina Artillery, 1861. Commander, of 4th Brigade of Artillery, January 1861. Commander, Brigade 4, 1861. Served in the Second Battle of Charleston Harbor. Brigadier general, South Carolina militia, August 1861. AG, South Carolina militia, April 11, 1862. Lawyer, writer. Died February 1, 1886, Ocala, Florida. Buried: Charleston, South Carolina.
Ford, John Salmon "R.I.P." "Rip"	Brigadier General, Texas Militia Colonel, CSA	Born May 26, 1815, Greenville, South Carolina. Moved to Tennessee. Moved to Texas, 1836. Physician, Indian fighter, Texas legislator, judge. First lieutenant, Republic of Texas army, 1836–1838. Texas volunteers, spy, Mexican War. Editor, Austin Texas Democrat and Austin State Times. Captain, Texas Rangers, 1849. Colonel, Texas militia, 1861. Colonel, 2nd Texas Cavalry Battalion, 1862. Brigadier general, CSA, Texas militia, March 1, 1864. Commanded Confederate forces at the Battle of Palmito Ranch, Texas, the last battle of the Civil War, on May 13, 1865. Editor, Brownsville Sentinel. Mayor of Brownsville, Texas. Texas legislator. Author. Died November 3, 1897, San Antonio, Texas.
Garlington, Albert Cresswell	Brigadier General, South Carolina Militia	Born June 9, 1822, Oglethorpe County, Georgia. Franklin College (University of Georgia), 1842. Moved to South Carolina. Lawyer, South Carolina legislator. Brigadier general, South Carolina Militia, Brigade 10, 1861. Major, Holcombe's Legion, December 19, 1861. Resigned May 21, 1862. Major general and AG and IG, South Carolina militia, 1862–1865. Served in the Carolinas campaign. Disbanded militia troops, February 1865. South Carolina legislator, moved to Georgia, returned to South Carolina, 1867. Died March 27, 1885, Newberry, South Carolina.
Harman, William Henry	Brigadier General, Virginia Militia	Born February 17, 1828, Waynesboro, Virginia. Lawyer, Mexican-American War veteran. Brigadier general, 13th Brigade, Virginia militia, April 10, 1861. Commanded part of a force that seized Harper's Ferry, April 18, 1861. Colonel, Provisional Army of Virginia, April 27, 1861–June 8, 1861. Lieutenant colonel, 5th Virginia Infantry, May 7, 1861. Replaced Kenton Harper as Colonel of the 5th Virginia Infantry regiment, September 11, 1861. ADC to Edward Johnson, dripped April 1862. Colonel, Virginia Reserves, 1864. Killed at Waynesboro, Virginia, March 2, 1865. Buried: Staunton, Virginia.
Harper, Kenton	Major General, Virginia Militia	Born 1801, Chambersburg, Pennsylvania. Moved to Virginia, 1823. Captain, Virginia militia, mayor of Staunton, Virginia, Indian agent, banker, editor Staunton Spectator, 1823–2849, Virginia legislator, Mexican-American War veteran. Major general and commander, 5th Division, Virginia militia, April 10, 1861. Commanded a force that seized Harper's Ferry, April 18, 1861. Brigadier general, Provisional Army of Virginia, May 1, 1861. Colonel, 5th Virginia Infantry regiment, May 7, 1861. Virginia legislator. Colonel CSA Virginia Reserves, June 2, 1864. Died of pneumonia, Glen Allen, Augusta County, Virginia, December 25, 1867. Buried: Staunton, Virginia.
Harris, Jeptha Vining	Brigadier General, Mississippi Militia	Born December 1, 1816. Franklin College (University of Georgia). Moved to Mississippi, 1840. Planter, Mississippi legislator. Captain, Mississippi militia. Brigadier general, CSA, Mississippi militia. Served at Battle of Vicksburg. Captured at Vicksburg, July 4, 1863, exchanged July 16, 1863. Muster out August 26, 1863. Colonel, Mississippi militia, August 26, 1864, mustered out 1865. Died November 21, 1899, Lowndes County, Mississippi. Buried: Columbus, Mississippi.
McBride, James Haggin	Brigadier General, Missouri State Guard Colonel, CSA	Born 1814, Harrodsburg, Kentucky. Moved to Missouri. Merchant, lawyer, banker, judge. Moved to California, 1850, returned to Missouri, 1853. Missouri legislator. Brigadier general, Missouri State Guard, 7th Division, May 18, 1861. Commanded 7th Division at the Siege of Lexington, Missouri. Captured near Springfield, Missouri, February 16, 1862. Exchanged, resigned February 23, 1862. Colonel, CSA, 1864. Died of pneumonia at Bluffton, Arkansas, March 1864.
McCay, Henry Kent	Brigadier General, Georgia Militia	Born January 8, 1820, Northumberland, Pennsylvania. Name sometimes misspelled as "McKay." Princeton University, 1839. Moved to Georgia. Teacher, Lawyer. Second lieutenant 12th Georgia Infantry, June 15, 1861. Wounded at Allegheny Mountain, Virginia, December 13, 1861. Captain, February 6, 1862. Resigned March 14, 1863. Captain and ADC, Georgia milita, April 1864. Lieutenant colonel, 1st Georgia Militia Battalion, May 1864. Brigadier general, Georgia militia, 4th Brigade, June 1864. Fought at the Battle of Griswoldville during Sherman's March to the Sea. Lawyer, judge. Died July 30, 1886, Atlanta, Georgia.
Meem, Gilbert Simrall	Brigadier General, Virginia Militia	Born October 5, 1824, Abingdon, Virginia. Stockman, Virginia legislator, planter. Brigadier general, Virginia militia, April 10, 1861–resigned February 1, 1862. Commander, 7th Brigade. Served in Jackson's Valley Campaign, November 1861–January 1862. Moved to Washington, 1892, postmaster, Seattle, Washington. Died June 10, 1908, Seattle, Washington.
Phillips, Pleasant Jackson	Brigadier General, Georgia Militia	Born July 3, 1819, Harris County, Georgia. Planter, banker, major, Georgia militia. Colonel, 31st Georgia Infantry, November 19, 1861. Resigned May 13, 1862. Brigadier general, Georgia militia, July 7, 1862. Colonel, Georgia militia, 1863. Brigadier general, Georgia militia, 2nd Brigade, 1864. Served in the Atlanta campaign. Resigned November 1864. Banker. Died October 12, 1876, Wynnton, Georgia. Buried: Columbus, Georgia.
Smith, Francis Henney	Brevet Brigadier General, Virginia Militia Colonel	Born October 18, 1812, Norfolk, Virginia. USMA, 1833. Resigned as second lieutenant, U.S. Army, May 1, 1836. Professor of mathematics, Hampden-Sydney Institute, 1836–1839. Superintendent, VMI, 1839–1889. Brevet brigadier general, Virginia militia, April 24, 1861. Colonel, 9th Virginia Infantry, July 7, 1861. Colonel, Virginia Military Institute Corps of Cadets battalion, April 30, 1862–May 18, 1862; May 11, 1864–June 27, 1864; October 1864; March 1865–April 1865. Author, translator. Died March 21, 1890, Lexington, Virginia.
Thompson, Meriwether Jefferson "Jeff" "Swamp Fox"	Brigadier General, Missouri State Guard	Born January 22, 1826, Harpers Ferry, Virginia. Charles Town Academy. Moved to Maryland, Pennsylvania, and then Missouri, 1847. Clerk, grocer, surveyor, civil engineer, real estate agent, mayor of St. Joseph Missouri, 1859–1860. Lieutenant colonel, Missouri Militia, 1861, colonel April 1861. Brigadier general, Missouri State Guard, 1st Division, July 25, 1861. Captured at Pocahontas, Arkansas, August 22, 1863, exchanged August 3, 1864. Major General Sterling Price placed him in command of Brigade 1, Division 3, Cavalry Corps, Trans–Mississippi Army,(Shelby's Iron Brigade) September 8, 1864–December 3, 1864. Division 3, District of Arkansas, Cavalry Corps, Trans–Mississippi Army, December 3, 1864–May 11, 1865. Surrendered at Chalk Bluff, Arkansas, May 11, 1865. Moved to Tennessee, 1865, Louisiana, 1867, Missouri, 1876. Died September 5, 1876, St. Joseph, Missouri.

References

Allardice, Bruce S. More Generals in Gray. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1995. ISBN 0-8071-3148-2 (pbk.).
Boatner, III, Mark M., The Civil War Dictionary. David McKay Company, Inc., New York, 1959. ISBN 0-679-50013-8.
Eicher, John H., and Eicher, David J., Civil War High Commands, Stanford University Press, 2001. ISBN 0-8047-3641-3.
Faust, Patricia L., ed., Historical Times Illustrated Encyclopedia of the Civil War. Harper & Row, Publishers, Inc., New York, 1986. ISBN 0-06-181261-7. Entries by Faust, various authors.
Heidler, David S., and Jeanne T. Heidler, eds. Encyclopedia of the American Civil War: A Political, Social, and Military History. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 2000. ISBN 0-393-04758-X. Entries by Heidler and Heidler, various authors.
Sifakis, Stewart, Who Was Who in the Civil War. Facts On File, New York, 1988. ISBN 0-8160-1055-2.
United States War Department, The Military Secretary's Office, Memorandum relative to the general officers appointed by the President in the armies of the Confederate States--1861-1865 (1908) (Compiled from official records). Caption shows 1905 but printing date is February 11, 1908. http://www.archive.org/details/memorandumrelati01unit, retrieved August 5, 2010.
Warner, Ezra J., Generals in Gray. Louisiana State University Press, Baton Rouge, 1959. ISBN 0-8071-0823.

^ Warner, Ezra J., Generals in Gray. Louisiana State University Press, Baton Rouge, 1959. ISBN 0-8071-0823, p. 1.
^ Boatner, III, Mark M., The Civil War Dictionary. David McKay Company, Inc., New York, 1959. ISBN 0-679-50013-8. p. 3
^ Faust, Patricia L. Adams, Daniel Weisiger In Historical Times Illustrated History of the Civil War, edited by Patricia L. Faust. New York: Harper & Row, 1986. ISBN 978-0-06-273116-6. p. 2.
^ Sifakis, Stewart. Who Was Who in the Civil War. New York: Facts On File, 1988. ISBN 0-8160-1055-2. pp. 2–3.
^ Eicher, John H., and David J. Eicher, Civil War High Commands. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001. ISBN 0-8047-3641-3. p. 99
^ Heidler, David S. and Jeanne T. Heidler. Adams, Daniel Weisiger. In Heidler, David S., and Jeanne T. Heidler, eds. Encyclopedia of the American Civil War: A Political, Social, and Military History. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 2000. ISBN 0-393-04758-X.
^ Due to increasing communication difficulties and increasing officer casualties in the Confederate Army as the war progressed, historian Bruce Allardice identified an additional 137 officers as arguably worthy of consideration as Confederate generals because of appointment of some sort by President Davis or a general in command in the field and exercise of command by the officers for at least some period of time.
^ Allardice, Bruce S., More Generals in Gray, Louisiana State University Press, Baton Rouge, 1995, ISBN 0-8071-1967-9.

External Links

American Civil War Generals, retrieved February 18, 2008
Confederate Generals from West Point, retrieved February 18, 2008
The Generals of the American Civil War, retrieved from Archive.org, April 9, 2009
US Civil War Generals, retrieved September 12, 2010

[1] Warner, Ezra J., Generals in Gray. Louisiana State University Press, Baton Rouge, 1959. ISBN 0-8071-0823, p. 1.

[2] Boatner, III, Mark M., The Civil War Dictionary. David McKay Company, Inc., New York, 1959. ISBN 0-679-50013-8. p. 3

[3] Faust, Patricia L. Adams, Daniel Weisiger In Historical Times Illustrated History of the Civil War, edited by Patricia L. Faust. New York: Harper & Row, 1986. ISBN 978-0-06-273116-6. p. 2.

[4] Sifakis, Stewart. Who Was Who in the Civil War. New York: Facts On File, 1988. ISBN 0-8160-1055-2. pp. 2–3.

[5] Eicher, John H., and David J. Eicher, Civil War High Commands. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001. ISBN 0-8047-3641-3. p. 99

[6] Heidler, David S. and Jeanne T. Heidler. Adams, Daniel Weisiger. In Heidler, David S., and Jeanne T. Heidler, eds. Encyclopedia of the American Civil War: A Political, Social, and Military History. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 2000. ISBN 0-393-04758-X.

[7] Due to increasing communication difficulties and increasing officer casualties in the Confederate Army as the war progressed, historian Bruce Allardice identified an additional 137 officers as arguably worthy of consideration as Confederate generals because of appointment of some sort by President Davis or a general in command in the field and exercise of command by the officers for at least some period of time.

[8] Allardice, Bruce S., More Generals in Gray, Louisiana State University Press, Baton Rouge, 1995, ISBN 0-8071-1967-9.

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Confederate States Army generals

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Assigned to duty by E. Kirby Smith

Incomplete appointments, unconfirmed appointments, refused appointments, posthumous appointments or undelivered commissions

State militia generals

See also

References

External Links