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Kirsten Gillibrand
A portrait shot of a smiling, middle-aged Caucasian female (Kirsten Gillibrand) looking straight ahead. She has long blonde hair, and is wearing a dark blazer with a grey top; on her left lapel is a gold pin that reads "United States Senator". She is placed in front of a dark background.
United States Senator
from New York
Incumbent
Assumed office
January 26, 2009
Serving with Chuck Schumer
Preceded byHillary Rodham Clinton
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from New York's 20th district
In office
January 3, 2007 – January 26, 2009
Preceded byJohn E. Sweeney
Succeeded byScott Murphy
Personal details
Born
Kirsten Elizabeth Rutnik

(1966-12-09) December 9, 1966 (age 57)
Albany, New York, U.S.
Political partyDemocratic
SpouseJonathan Gillibrand (m. 2001)
ChildrenTheodore Gillibrand (b. 2003)
Henry Gillibrand (b. 2008)
ResidenceBrunswick, New York
Alma materDartmouth College (B.A.)
University of California, Los Angeles School of Law (J.D.)
OccupationAttorney
Signature
WebsiteSenate Website
Campaign Website

Kirsten Elizabeth Rutnik Gillibrand (/ˈkɪərstən ˈdʒɪl[invalid input: 'ɨ']brænd/ KEER-stən JIL-ə-brand; born December 9, 1966) is an American politician and the junior United States Senator from New York. She is a member of the Democratic Party and prior to being appointed to the Senate by New York Governor David Paterson in 2009, she was twice elected to the United States House of Representatives from New York's 20th congressional district. In December 2008, then President-elect Barack Obama nominated Hillary Rodham Clinton as Secretary of State, leaving an empty seat in the New York senate delegation. After two months and many potential names considered, Governor David Paterson appointed Gillibrand to fill the seat. Gillibrand was required to run in a special election in 2010, which she easily won with 63% of the vote.

Originally known in the House for moderate and center-left policy positions, since her appointment to the Senate she has been seen more as a progressive. In both cases, her views were significantly defined by the respective constituency she served at the time[1] (i.e., a conservative congressional district; versus the entire state of New York, which is generally liberal). Gillibrand is perhaps best known for successfully championing both the repeal of the U.S. military's "Don't Ask, Don't Tell" policy and the adoption of the James Zadroga 9/11 Health and Compensation Act.

Early life and education

Gillibrand was born and raised in the Albany area on December 9, 1966, the daughter of Polly Edwina (née Noonan) and Douglas Paul Rutnik. Both her parents were lawyers, with her father also being a lobbyist, known for his close ties to Republican Party, although he himself is a registered Democrat.[2] The couple opened a law firm and practiced together until they divorced when Gillibrand was 22 years old.[3] Gillibrand has an older brother, Doug Rutnik, and a younger sister, Erin Rutnik Tschantret.[4][5] Her maternal grandmother was Dorothea "Polly" Noonan, founder of the Albany Democratic Women's Club and a leader in Albany Mayor Erastus Corning's powerful political machine, which lasted for more than 40 years.[2][4][Note 1] Her ancestry includes Austrian, German, and Irish.[6]

Gillibrand was known by the nickname Tina, a name adopted by her brother when he was not able to pronounce "Kirsten".[3][4] In 1984 she graduated from Emma Willard School in Troy, New York[7] and went on to Dartmouth College.[4] As an Asian Studies major, she became functionally fluent in Mandarin Chinese; she studied in both Beijing and Taiwan and adopted a Chinese name, Lu Tian Na (陸天娜); and she still speaks well enough to have a conversation.[8] She graduated magna cum laude with a Bachelor of Arts in 1988.[9] While at Dartmouth, Gillibrand was a member of the Kappa Kappa Gamma sorority.[9] During college, she interned at US Senator Al D'Amato Albany office.[10] Following Dartmouth, Gillibrand attended UCLA Law School and graduated with a Juris Doctor in 1991;[11] she successfully passed the bar that same year.[3]

Law career

In 1991, Gillibrand joined the Manhattan-based law office of Davis Polk & Wardwell as an associate.[3] In 1992, Gillibrand took a leave from Davis Polk to serve as a law clerk to Judge Roger Miner on the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit in Albany.[5][12] It was at this time she dropped the childhood nickname Tina; Judge Miner refused to call her by a nickname, and "Kirsten" stuck.[4]

Gillibrand's tenure at Davis Polk is best known for her work as a defense attorney for Tobacco company Philip Morris during major litigation, including both civil lawsuits and U.S. Justice Department criminal and civil racketeering probes.[13] While working on the Philip Morris case, Gillibrand was promoted to senior associate.[14] Gillibrand indicates her work for Philip Morris allowed her to take on multiple pro bono cases defending abused women and their children, as well as defending tenants seeking safe housing after lead paint and unsafe conditions were found in their homes.[5]

I was just a young lawyer thinking, What am I doing with my life? What am I doing with my career? As I watched her on that stage I thought, Why aren't I there? It was so poignant for me. And that's what made me figure out how to get involved in politics.

— Gillibrand describing Hillary Clinton's influence on her entering politics[5]

While working for Davis Polk, Gillibrand became involved in—and later the leader of—the Women's Leadership Forum, a program of the Democratic National Committee. Gillibrand states that a speech to the group by then-First Lady Hillary Clinton left an impressionable mark on her: "[Clinton] was trying to encourage us to become more active in politics and she said, 'If you leave all the decision-making to others, you might not like what they do, and you will have no one but yourself to blame.' It was such a challenge to the women in the room. And it really hit me: She's talking to me."[3]

Following her time at Davis Polk, Gillibrand served as Special Counsel to the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), Andrew Cuomo during the last year of the Clinton administration.[7] Gillibrand worked on HUD's Labor Initiative and its New Markets Initiative as well as on TAP's Young Leaders Of The American Democracy, on strengthening Davis–Bacon Act enforcement.[15]

In 1999, Gillibrand began working on Hillary Clinton's 2000 US Senate campaign; there, she focused on campaigning to young women and encouraging them to join the campaign. Many of those women would end up working on Gillibrand's future campaigns.[2] Gillibrand and Clinton became close during the election, with Clinton becoming something of a mentor to the young lawyer.[5] Gillibrand's fondness for Clinton has seen her donate more than $12,000 to Clinton's Senate campaigns.[16]

In 2001, Gillibrand became a partner at the Manhattan office of Boies, Schiller & Flexner, where one of her clients was the Altria Group, Philip Morris' parent company. In 2002 she informed Boies of interest in running for office and was allowed to transfer to the firm's Albany office. She left Boies in 2005 to begin her 2006 campaign for Congress.[5][13]

U.S. House of Representatives

Elections

Main articles: New York's 20th congressional district election, 2006 and New York's 20th congressional district election, 2008

Gillibrand's first run for office was in the 2006 race in New York's 20th congressional district against four-term Republican incumbent John E. Sweeney.[Note 2] Traditionally conservative, the district and its predecessors had been in Republican hands for all but four years since 1913; with then-Congressman Sweeney quoted saying "no Republican can ever lose" the district.[17] In November 2006, the Republican Party held an enrollment advantage over Democrats of 82,737 voters: 197,473 to 114,736.[18] Engaging New York's electoral fusion election laws, Gillibrand ran on both the Democratic and Working Families lines; and in addition to having the Republican nomination, Sweeney was endorsed by the Conservative and Independence parties.[19]

During the campaign, Gillibrand was a popular candidate with Democrats. Mike McNulty, Democratic Congressman from the neighboring 21st congressional district, campaigned for her, as did both Hillary and Bill Clinton; the former president appeared twice at campaign events.[20] Both parties poured millions of dollars into the respective campaigns.[21] Gillibrand was seen as a moderate by many conservatives. The American Conservative described her eventual win by saying, "Gillibrand won her upstate New York district by running to the right: she campaigned against amnesty for illegal immigrants, promised to restore fiscal responsibility to Washington, and pledged to protect gun rights."[22]

The probable turning point of the election was the November 1 release of a December 2005 police report of a 911 call made by Sweeney's wife, in which she claimed Sweeney was "knocking her around the house". The Sweeney campaign claimed it was a lie and promised to have the official report released by State Police, but never came through on that promise.[20] In response, the Sweeney campaign released an ad during which Sweeney's wife described Gillibrand's campaign as "a disgrace".[23]

By November 5, a Siena College Research Poll showed Gillibrand ahead of Sweeney 46% to 43%.[24] Gillibrand ended up winning with 53% of the vote.[19] Following her win, Republicans quickly began speculating about who would run against her in 2008. Len Cutler, director of the Center for the Study of Government and Politics at Siena College, indicated that the seat would be difficult for Gillibrand to hold in 2008, noting the substantial Republican enrollment advantage.[20] Gillibrand was noted for her skill at fundraising, giving her a leg up in her future appointment to the Senate.[4]

Gillibrand won her bid for re-election in 2008, with her challenger being former New York Secretary of State Sandy Treadwell. Despite significantly outspending Gillibrand, and promising to never vote to raise taxes, not accept a federal salary, and limit himself to three terms in office, Treadwell lost the election by a 24-point margin, a four-fold increase in the differential from the 2006 election.[25] Gillibrand scored 62.13% of the vote with Treadwell getting 37.87%.[26] Democrats generally saw major successes during the 2008 congressional election, credited in part to a coattail effect from President Barack Obama's election.[27]

Tenure

Upon the start of her tenure, Gillibrand became the first member of Congress to publish her official schedule, listing everyone she met with on a given day, as well as earmark requests and her personal financial statement. This "Sunlight Report", as her office termed it, was praised by a New York Times editorial in December 2006 as being a "quiet touch of revolution" in a non-transparent system.[28][29] She joined the Blue Dog Coalition, a group of moderate Democrats. She was noted for voting against 2007's Immigration Reform Act and George W. Bush's Wall Street bailout.[22]

During her first year, Gillibrand opened the earmarking process up to the New York Times. New rules requiring Representatives to tag their names to requests was seen as an increase in transparency, as was the invitation from the Congresswoman. Gillibrand stated she wanted what was best for her district "by requiring every project to pass a 'greatest-need, greatest-good' test".[30] Gillibrand was noted as being an aggressive legislator and someone who sometimes stirs up minor controversy within the House; members of the New York congressional delegation were known to refer to her as Tracy Flick.[31]

Committee assignments

While in the House of Representatives, Gillibrand served on the following committees:[32]

U.S. Senate

Gillibrand is sworn in by Vice President Biden in January 2011.

On December 1, 2008, President-elect Barack Obama announced his choice of Hillary Rodham Clinton, the junior U.S. Senator from New York, as Secretary of State. This began a two-month search process to fill her vacant Senate seat.[33] Upon a Senate vacancy, under New York law, the Governor appoints a replacement. There would be subsequent special election in 2010, for the conclusion of the full term, ending in January 2013.[34]

Governor Paterson's selection process began with a number of prominent names and high-ranking New York Democrats vying for the spot. Gillibrand quietly campaigned to Paterson for the position, meeting secretly with him on at least one occasion; she says she made an effort to underscore her successful House elections in a largely conservative district, adding that she could be a good complement to Chuck Schumer.[4] Gillibrand was presumed a likely choice the days before the official announcement;[35] Paterson held a press conference at noon on January 23 announcing Gillibrand as his choice.[36]

The response within New Yok to the governor's appointment was mixed. The upstate media was generally optimistic about an upstate Senator,[37] which they had not seen since Charles Goodell left office in 1971;[38] while downstaters focused on disappointment with a non-Kennedy selection, with some media outlets stating that the selection ignored the electoral influence New York City and downstate have on state politics (due to the area's population). One explicitly asked whether Paterson's administration was aware of "[where] statewide elections are won and lost".[37] The relative unfamiliarity with Gillibrand statewide was undeniable, with many voters finding the choice surprising.[7] One source states, "With every Democrat in New York...angling for the appointment, there was a sense of bafflement, belittlement, and bruised egos when Paterson tapped the junior legislator unknown outside of Albany."[4]

Gillibrand was sworn in on January 26, 2009; at 42, she entered the chamber as the youngest senator in the 111th Congress.[4]

Elections

External videos
video icon Gillibrand–DioGuardi Debate, WABC, October 17, 2010
video icon Gillibrand-Long Debate, YNN, October 18, 2012
2010
Main article: United States Senate special election in New York, 2010

Gillibrand as a candidate in the September 14, 2010 Democratic primary election had numerous potential challengers. Some became visible at the time of her appointment, most notably, Long Island Congresswoman Carolyn McCarthy, who was unhappy with Gillibrand's stance on gun control.[39][Note 3] McCarthy ultimately decided not to run.[40] By March 2009, Harold Ford, Jr., former Congressman from Tennessee, considered a run but ultimately decided against it after pressure from Chuck Schumer and other high-ranking Democrats.[41] Congressman Steve Israel was also a contender but was talked out of it by President Obama. Concerned about a possible schism in the party that could lead to a heated primary, split electorate, and weakened stance, high-ranking members of the party backed Gillibrand and requested major opponents to decline to run.[41] In the end, Gillibrand faced Gail Goode, a lawyer from New York City,[42] and won the primary with 76% of the vote.[43]

In what was initially expected to be a heated race, Gillibrand easily prevailed against Republican Joseph DioGuardi, a former New York Congressman who represented Gillibrand's congressional district before her. This was Gillibrand's first state-wide election.[44] By the end of October, a Quinnipiac University Polling Institute poll placed Gillibrand over DioGuardi 57-34%.[45] Gillibrand won the November election 63–35%, carrying 54 of New York's 62 counties. The counties that supported DioGuardi did so by a margin no greater than 10%.[44]

2012
Main article: United States Senate election in New York, 2012

Gillibrand's special election victory gave her the right to serve the balance of Clinton's second term, which ends in January 2013. Gillibrand is running for a full six-year term in November 2012. If she wins she will be the first upstate resident elected to a full term in the Senate since Kenneth Keating of Rochester, who held her current seat from 1959 to 1965. Gillibrand will face challenger Wendy E. Long, an attorney who is running on both the Republican Party and Conservative Party lines in the November 6 general election.[46][47] Gillibrand has been endorsed by The New York Times[48] and Rochester Democrat and Chronicle.[49]

Tenure

On April 9, 2009, a combined Schumer–Gillibrand press release stated strong support of a Latino being nominated to the Surpreme Court at the time of the next vacancy. Their first choice was Sonia Sotomayor,[50] whom the two introduced at the Senate confirmation hearing in July.[51]

During the lame duck session of the 111th Congress, Gillibrand scored two substantial legislative victories: the repeal of Don't Ask, Don't Tell and the passage of the James Zadroga 9/11 Health and Compensation Act. Both were issues she had advocated for during that session. In the aftermath of these victories, many commentators opined that these victories marked her emergence on the national stage.[52][53][54]

In 2011, Gillibrand visited her friend Congresswoman Gabby Giffords, who had been shot in the head during the shooting in Tucson, and Giffords opened her eyes for the first time and squeezed Gillibrand's hand.[55]

The National Journal declared Gillibrand to be the tenth most liberal member of the Senate in 2010, tying with Chuck Schumer.[56] Gillibrand was tied for one of the two most liberal Senators, according to the National Journal for 2011 tying with Jeff Merkley.[57]

In early 2012, Gillibrand was a co-sponsor of the controversial PROTECT IP Act (PIPA).[58] Meant to curb online piracy and illegal downloading of copyrighted material, the bill was seen by many free-speech advocates as potentially giving the U.S. Government too much power to censor the Internet. Large protests against the bill—including many prominent websites shutting down—led PIPA and its sister bill in the House, the Stop Online Piracy Act (SOPA), to be stalled.[59] While Gillibrand insisted that the problems were too great to ignore, in the face of great public outcry against PIPA she then indicated that PIPA may not have been the best course of action to fight piracy as it was originally written.[60]

Committee assignments

While in the Senate, Gillibrand served on the following committees:[61][62][63]

Caucus memberships

Political positions

File:Gillibrand Dream Act DADT.ogv
Gillibrand speaks in support of the DREAM Act and the repeal of Don't ask, don't tell.
Main article: Political positions of Kirsten Gillibrand

In the House, Gillibrand was known as a conservative liberal[1] or centrist,[64] serving at the will of a highly conservative electorate.[1] Gillibrand was a member of the Blue Dog Coalition, a caucus of conservative Democrats. In the Senate, she is known more as a populist-leaning liberal, as she represents a heavily Democratic state. At the time of her appointment to the Senate, a Salon editorial said that Gillibrand's reputation in the House characterized her as "a hybrid politician who has remained conservative enough to keep her seat while appearing progressive enough to raise money downstate."[1]

On social issues, Gillibrand is generally liberal, supporting the legalization of same-sex marriage,[65] health care reform with a public option,[66] a Medicare for all health care system,[67] and being pro-choice.[68] Gillibrand is a strong advocate for government transparency,[69] and releases substantially more personal and scheduling information than most members of Congress.[70] Although a supporter of gun rights while in the House, Gillibrand has since moved in the direction of gun control.[71]

Gillibrand received an 8% rating from the American Conservative Union,[72] 70% from Americans for Democratic Action,[73] and 90% from the American Civil Liberties Union.[74] OnTheIssues.org rates Gillibrand as a "hard-core liberal."[75] According to the National Journal, Gillibrand has gone from being tied for the tenth most liberal Senator in 2010,[56] to being tied for one of the two most liberal Senators in 2011.[57]

Personal life

Gillibrand with her husband and sons on Halloween, 2009

Gillibrand lives in the town of Brunswick with her husband Jonathan and their two sons. She met Jonathan, a venture capitalist and British national, on a blind date. Jonathan was meant to be in the United States for only a year while studying for his Master of Business Administration at Columbia University, but he stayed in the country because of his relationship with Kirsten. The two were married in a Catholic church in Manhattan in 2001.[3][4] Because of the requirements of Kirsten Gillibrand's office, the family spends most of its time in Washington.[5] In 2011, the Gillibrands sold their house in Hudson and purchased a home in Brunswick to be closer to Kirsten's family in Albany.[76]

The Gillibrands had their first child, Theodore, in 2003,[5] and their second son, Henry, in 2008. Gillibrand is the sixth woman to have a child while serving as a member of Congress.[77] She continued to work until the day of Henry's delivery, for which she received a standing ovation from her colleagues in the House the next day.[5]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ For more information on the Corning-Noonan relationship, see: Grondahl, Paul. Mayor Erastus Corning: Albany Icon, Albany Enigma. Albany: State University of New York Press; 2007. ISBN 978-0-7914-7294-1.
  2. ^ Gillibrand had considered running as early as 2004, but Hillary Clinton advised to wait until the 2006 midterm elections, when Clinton believed circumstances would be more favorable for Gillibrand.[5]
  3. ^ McCarthy has been a supporter of strict gun control since her husband was murdered in a 1993 commuter train shooting spree.[39]

References

  1. ^ a b c d Conason, Joe (January 23, 2009). "Kirsten Gillibrand. Really?". Salon. Retrieved March 16, 2011.
  2. ^ a b c Tumulty, Karen (January 23, 2009). "Kirsten Gillibrand". Time. Time Inc. Retrieved January 27, 2011.
  3. ^ a b c d e f Van Meter, Jonathan (November 2010). "In Hillary's Footsteps: Kirsten Gillibrand". Vogue. Condé Nast Publications. Retrieved January 26, 2011.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Shapiro, Walter (July 8, 2009). "Who's Wearing the Pantsuit Now?: The story of Kirsten Gillibrand's polite meteor ride to the top". Elle. Hachette Filipacchi Médias. Retrieved January 27, 2011.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Rodrick, Stephen (June 7, 2009). "The Reintroduction of Kirsten Gillibrand". New York (magazine). New York Media Holdings. Retrieved February 4, 2011.
  6. ^ http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~battle/senators/gillibrand.htm
  7. ^ a b c Powell, Michael (January 23, 2009). "Senate Choice: Folksy Centrist Born to Politics". The New York Times. The New York Times Company. Retrieved January 26, 2011. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |coauthor= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  8. ^ Chen, David W. (February 14, 2009). "Ni Hao. My Name Is Gillibrand, but Lu Will Do". The New York Times. The New York Times Company. Retrieved January 27, 2011.
  9. ^ a b Perret, Anya (January 23, 2009). "Gillibrand '88 picked for N.Y. Senate seat". The Dartmouth. The Dartmouth, Inc. Retrieved January 29, 2011.
  10. ^ No author given (February 9, 2009). "Gillibrand Says D'Amato Isn't in the Picture". The New York Times. The New York Times Company. Retrieved January 29, 2011. {{cite news}}: |author= has generic name (help)
  11. ^ No author given (January 26, 2009). "UCLA law alumna appointed U.S. senator from New York". UCLA Today. University of California, Los Angeles. Retrieved January 29, 2011. {{cite web}}: |author= has generic name (help)
  12. ^ McShane, Larry (January 23, 2009). "Who is Kirsten Gillibrand? New York congresswoman to take Clinton's Senate seat". Daily News (New York). Mortimer Zuckerman. Retrieved February 4, 2011. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  13. ^ a b Hernandez, Raymond (March 26, 2009). "As New Lawyer, Senator Was Active in Tobacco's Defense". New York Times. The New York Times Company. Retrieved February 4, 2011. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |coauthor= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  14. ^ Odato, James (October 16, 2008). "Gillibrand's tobacco past includes Philip Morris". Times Union (Albany). Hearst Newspapers. Retrieved February 4, 2011.
  15. ^ "Biography of Kirsten Gillibrand". Dartmouth College Office of Alumni Relations. Retrieved May 8, 2011.
  16. ^ "Campaign Contributions: Kirsten Gillibrand". newsmeat.com. January 31, 2011. Retrieved February 7, 2011.
  17. ^ Romano, Andrew (November 3, 2010). "Murphy's Law: One Democrat's defeat explains how the party lost the House". Newsweek. The Newsweek Daily Beast Company. Retrieved November 14, 2010.
  18. ^ "NYSVoter Enrollment Statistics by District" (PDF). New York State Board of Elections. November 1, 2006. p. 5. Retrieved February 2, 2011.
  19. ^ a b "2006 Election Results". New York State Board of Elections. December 14, 2006. Retrieved January 26, 2011.
  20. ^ a b c O'Brien, Tim (November 9, 2006). "Gillibrand Brings Clout to House". Times Union (Albany). Hearst Newspapers. p. B1. Retrieved February 2, 2011.
  21. ^ "Congressional Elections: New York's 20th Congressional District 2006 Election, Total Raised and Spent". Center for Responsive Politics (opensecrets.org). August 20, 2007. Retrieved February 2, 2011.
  22. ^ a b Dougherty, Michael Brendan (April 6, 2009). "Rebranding Gillibrand". The American Conservative. Ron Unz. Retrieved February 2, 2011.
  23. ^ "John & Gayle Sweeney Stand Side-By-Side, Firing Back". WTEN. 2009-11. Retrieved February 2, 2011. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  24. ^ Benjamin, Elizabeth (November 5, 2006). "Siena: Gillibrand 46, Sweeney: 43". Blog of Times Union (Albany). Hearst Newspapers. Retrieved February 2, 2011.
  25. ^ Hornbeck, Leigh (November 5, 2008). "Gillibrand is Repeat Winner". Times Union (Albany). Hearst Newspapers. p. A13. Retrieved February 2, 2011.
  26. ^ "2008 Election Results". New York State Board of Elections. December 4, 2008. Retrieved January 26, 2011.
  27. ^ No author listed (November 5, 2008). "Democrats Ride Obama's Coat-tails to Victory in Congressional Elections". Daily Mail. Associated Newspapers Ltd. Retrieved February 2, 2011. {{cite news}}: |author= has generic name (help)
  28. ^ No author listed (editorial) (December 14, 2006). "Congress and the Benefits of Sunshine". The New York Times. The New York Times Company. Retrieved February 4, 2011. {{cite news}}: |author= has generic name (help)
  29. ^ Hernandez, Raymond (May 15, 2007). "Barely in Office, but G.O.P. Rivals Are Circling". The New York Times. The New York Times Company. Retrieved February 4, 2011.
  30. ^ Hernandez, Raymond (March 21, 2007). "Earmarked for Success?". The New York Times. The New York Times Company. Retrieved February 4, 2011.
  31. ^ O'Connor, Patrick (January 25, 2009). "Gillibrand unpopular among peers". Politico. Allbritton Communications. Retrieved February 7, 2011. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |coauthor= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  32. ^ Joint Committee on Printing (August 9, 2007). "Standing Committees of the House" (PDF). Official Congressional Directory (110th Congress). United States Government Printing Office. Retrieved February 20, 2011.
  33. ^ Hernandez, Javier C. (January 23, 2009). "Paterson Announces Choice of Gillibrand for Senate Seat". The New York Times. The New York Times Company. Retrieved January 26, 2011. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  34. ^ Seiler, Casey (December 2, 2008). "From Foe to Secretary of State". Times Union (Albany). Hearst Newspapers. p. A1. Retrieved January 29, 2011. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |coauthor= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  35. ^ Hornbeck, Leigh (January 23, 2009). "Paterson Poised for Senate Pick". Times Union (Albany). Hearst Newspapers. p. A1. Retrieved January 29, 2011.
  36. ^ Silverleib, Alan (January 23, 2009). "N.Y. Governor Names Clinton Successor". Cable New Network (CNN). Retrieved January 29, 2011.
  37. ^ a b Germano, Sara (January 28, 2009). "Upstate/Downstate Divide in Gillibrand Coverage". Columbia Journalism Review. Columbia University. Retrieved January 30, 2011.
  38. ^ Editorial (no author attributed) (January 25, 2009). "Week in Review: Some of the Top Stories in the Capital Region". Times Union (Albany). Hearst Newspapers. p. B2. Retrieved January 30, 2011. {{cite news}}: |author= has generic name (help)
  39. ^ a b Hakim, Danny (January 22, 2009). "With Kennedy Out, N.R.A. Becomes Issue". The New York Times. The New York Times Company. Retrieved February 7, 2011.
  40. ^ Brune, Tom (June 4, 2009). "McCarthy Won't Seek Gillibrand's Senate Seat". News Day. Retrieved February 7, 2011.
  41. ^ a b "Ford: Dems 'Bullied Me Out' of N.Y. Senate Race". Fox News. Associated Press. March 2, 2009. Retrieved February 7, 2011.
  42. ^ Hernandez, Javier C. (September 15, 2010). "In Tight Republican Race, DioGuardi Is Chosen to Face Gillibrand". The New York Times. The New York Times Company. p. A28. Retrieved February 7, 2011.
  43. ^ "2010 Primary Election Results" (PDF). New York State Board of Elections. September 14, 2010. Retrieved February 7, 2011.
  44. ^ a b "Election 2010 Results: New York". The New York Times. The New York Times Company. Retrieved April 15, 2011.
  45. ^ "Cuomo Leads By 20 Points In New York Gov Race, Quinnipiac University Poll Finds; Gillibrand Stuns Gop Challenger" (Press release). Quinnipiac University Polling Institute. October 27, 2010.
  46. ^ Tumulty, Brian (June 27, 2012). "Wendy Long captures Senate Republican primary, will face Sen. Kirsten Gillibrand". Retrieved October 15, 2012. {{cite web}}: Text "News" ignored (help); Text "newswell" ignored (help); Text "p" ignored (help); Text "text" ignored (help)
  47. ^ Lewis, William (June 22, 2012). "Long would champion small gov't is elected to U.S. Senate". Retrieved October 15, 2012.
  48. ^ Editorial (October 21, 2012). "Kirsten Gillibrand for New York". The New York Times. The New York Times Company. Retrieved October 21, 2012.
  49. ^ Editorial (October 20, 2012). "Send Kirsten Gillibrand back to the Senate". Democrat and Chronicle. Gannett Company. Retrieved October 21, 2012.
  50. ^ "Schumer, Gillibrand Make Direct Appeal to President Obama Recommending He Nominate the First Ever Latino to the Surprime Court Should a Vacancy Occur During His Term" (Press release). Senate Offices of Chuck Schumer and Kirsten Gillibrand. April 9, 2009. Retrieved February 26, 2011.
  51. ^ Halbfinger, David M. (July 13, 2009). "Gillibrand Gets the Gavel on Big Stage". The New York Times. Retrieved February 26, 2011.
  52. ^ Gillibrand Gains Foothold With Victory on 9/11 Aid Bill
  53. ^ The Education of Kirsten Gillibrand
  54. ^ Sen. Gillibrand's moment
  55. ^ Carleo-Evalgelist, Jordan (January 14, 2011). "Gillibrand touched by visit with Giffords". Times Union. Albany: Hearst Corporation. p. D3. Retrieved April 10, 2011.
  56. ^ a b Mihalcik, Carrie (February 26, 2011). "Most Liberal Members of Congress". National Journal. Atlantic Media Company. Retrieved February 26, 2011.
  57. ^ a b "The 10 Most-Liberal Senators: 2011 Vote Ratings – PICTURES". National Journal. February 23, 2012. Retrieved March 12, 2012.
  58. ^ Pujol, Rolando (January 18, 2012). "Protesters take anti-SOPA campaign to Manhattan offices of Schumer and Gillibrand". New York Daily News. Mortimer Zuckerman. Retrieved January 26, 2012.
  59. ^ Barrett, Ted (January 20, 2012). "Internet protest stalls online piracy bills in Congress". Cable News Network. Retrieved January 26, 2012.
  60. ^ Melnitsky, Rebecca (January 20, 2012). "Gillibrand responds on PIPA via Facebook". Times Union. Albany: Hearst Corporation. Retrieved January 26, 2012.
  61. ^ Joint Committee on Printing (December 1, 2009). "Standing Committees of the Senate" (PDF). Congressional Directory (111th Congress). United States Government Printing Office. Retrieved February 20, 2011.
  62. ^ Joint Committee on Printing (December 1, 2009). "Assignments of Senators to Committees" (PDF). Congressional Directory (111th Congress). United States Government Printing Office. Retrieved February 20, 2011.
  63. ^ "Constituting Majority Party's Membership on Certain Committees for the One Hundred Twelfth Congress" (PDF). Congressional Record. 157 (16). United States Government Printing Office: S556–S557. February 3, 2011. Retrieved February 20, 2011.
  64. ^ Hakim, Danny; Confessore, Nicholas (January 23, 2000). "Paterson Picks Gillibrand for Senate Seat". The New York Times. Retrieved January 23, 2009.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  65. ^ "Marriage Equality". Gillibrand for Senate. Retrieved August 16, 2011.
  66. ^ Kirsten, Kirsten (May 11, 2009). "I Support The Public Option". Daily Kos. Retrieved July 12, 2010.
  67. ^ http://www.kirstengillibrand.com/issues/health-care
  68. ^ "Issues: Right to Choose". Office of Senator Kirsten Gillibrand. Retrieved February 28, 2011.
  69. ^ "Kirsten Gillibrand on Government Reform". On the Issues. December 15, 2010. Retrieved February 28, 2011.
  70. ^ Reid Pillifant, "Called on to release five years of tax returns, Kirsten Gillibrand obliges", Capital July 27, 2012
  71. ^ Dlouhy, Jennifer A. (February 27, 2009). "Gillibrand Backs Gun Control Bill". Times Union. Albany: Hearst Newspapers. p. A3. Retrieved February 7, 2011.
  72. ^ "Interest Group Ratings". Project Vote Smart.
  73. ^ "2008 Congressional Voting Record". Americans for Democratic Action.
  74. ^ "ACLU Congressional Scorecard". ACLU.
  75. ^ "Kirsten Gillibrand". On The Issues. Retrieved July 21, 2009.
  76. ^ Bryce, Jill (February 11, 2011). "Gillibrand Buys Home Outside Troy". Times Union (Albany). Hearst Newspapers. Retrieved February 11, 2011.
  77. ^ "Son Born to New York Congresswoman". New York Times. The New York Times Company. Associated Press. May 16, 2008. Retrieved January 28, 2011.
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U.S. House of Representatives
Preceded by Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from New York's 20th congressional district
2007–2009 		Succeeded by
U.S. Senate
Preceded by U.S. senator (Class 1) from New York
2009–present
Served alongside: Chuck Schumer 		Incumbent
Preceded by Chairman of the Senate Agriculture Subcommittee on Domestic and Foreign Marketing, Inspection, and Plant and Animal Health
2009–2011 		Subcommittee renamed
Subcommittee renamed Chairman of the Senate Agriculture Subcommittee on Livestock, Dairy, Poultry, Marketing and Agriculture Security
2011–present 		Incumbent
Honorary titles
Preceded by Youngest Member of the United States Senate
2009 		Succeeded by
New title Honorary Chairman of the College Democrats of America
2011–present 		Incumbent
Party political offices
Preceded by Democratic nominee for U.S. Senator from New York
(Class 1)
2010, 2012 		Most recent
U.S. order of precedence (ceremonial)
Preceded by United States Senators by seniority
81st 		Succeeded by

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