2019 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom
![]() | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
All 73 United Kingdom seats to the European Parliament | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
![]() |
The United Kingdom's component of the 2019 European Parliament election will be held on Thursday 23 May 2019.[1] Initially, the elections were not planned as the United Kingdom's withdrawal from the European Union (following the 2016 referendum) was set for 29 March 2019. However, the British government and the European Council agreed to delay the withdrawal until 31 October 2019 at the European summit on 11 April 2019. While it was then the default position in UK and EU law for the election to take place, the UK Government continued attempts to avoid participation by agreeing withdrawal before 23 May.[2] On 7 May 2019, the UK government conceded that the elections will go ahead.[3]
The elections will be the ninth time the United Kingdom elects MEPs to the European Parliament (fourth for Gibraltar). Candidate nominations were submitted by 16:00 on 25 April 2019, and voter registration was completed on 7 May 2019.[4][5]
It is uncertain for how long, if at all, British MEPs will sit before the withdrawal process is complete, as the extension agreement provides for early termination as soon as the withdrawal agreement is ratified.[6] The UK's withdrawal from the European Union is the central issue of the election campaign.[7]
Voting eligibility
To vote in the election, individuals must be:
- on the Electoral Register;[5]
- aged 18 or over on election day;[5]
- a British, Irish, Commonwealth or European Union citizen;[8]
- resident at an address in the UK, or a British citizen living abroad who has been registered to vote in the UK in the 15 years before the election;[5][b][9] and
- not legally excluded from voting[5] (for example, a convicted person detained in prison or a mental hospital, or unlawfully at large if they would otherwise have been detained,[10] or a person found guilty of certain corrupt or illegal practices)[11]
Individuals must have been registered to vote by midnight on 7 May 2019.[12] A person who has two homes, such as a university student with a term-time address but liveing at home during holidays, may be registered to vote at both addresses as long as they are not in the same electoral area, but can vote in only one constituency at the election.[13]
European Union citizens (except for British, Irish, Cypriot and Maltese citizens) must also submit a European Parliament voter registration form by midnight on 7 May 2019 to confirm that they will vote in the European Parliament election only in the UK, and not in their home country.[12][14]
Constituencies
The current breakdown of seats is as follows:
Party | Faction in European Parliament | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Brexit Party | 29 | Non-Inscrits | 57 | |||
DUP | 1 | |||||
Liberal Democrats | 16 | 17 | Renew Europe | 108 | ||
Alliance | 1 | |||||
Green | 7 | 11 | Greens–European Free Alliance | 75 | ||
SNP | 3 | |||||
Plaid Cymru | 1 | |||||
Labour | 10 | Socialists and Democrats | 154 | |||
Conservative | 4 | European Conservatives and Reformists | 62 | |||
Sinn Féin | 1 | European United Left–Nordic Green Left | 41 | |||
Total | 73 | Total | 750 |
The United Kingdom is divided into 12 multi-member constituencies: the nine regions of England, plus Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. Gibraltar is assigned to the South West England constituency. As has been the case since 1999, the English electoral constituencies are based on the government's nine English regions. The seat allocation has been the same since 2008:
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/UK_European_Parliament_constituency.svg/200px-UK_European_Parliament_constituency.svg.png)
Constituency | MEPs | On election day (2014) | At the end of the Eighth European Parliament (2019) | ||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
East Midlands | 5 |
#6D3177 #6D3177 #E4003B #0087DC #0087DC |
#12B6CF #12B6CF #E4003B #0087DC #0087DC |
||||||||||||||||||||
East of England | 7
#6D3177 #6D3177 #6D3177 #E4003B #0087DC #0087DC #0087DC |
#6D3177 #12B6CF #D25469 #E4003B #0087DC #0087DC #0087DC |
|||||||||||||||||||||
London | 8
#6D3177 #E4003B #E4003B #E4003B #E4003B #0087DC #0087DC #02A95B |
#6D3177 #E4003B #E4003B #E4003B #E4003B #0087DC #0087DC #02A95B |
|||||||||||||||||||||
North East England | 3
#6D3177 #E4003B #E4003B |
#12B6CF #E4003B #E4003B |
|||||||||||||||||||||
North West England | 8
#6D3177 #6D3177 #6D3177 #E4003B #E4003B #E4003B #0087DC #0087DC |
#12B6CF #DCDCDC #DCDCDC #E4003B #E4003B #E4003B #0087DC #0087DC |
|||||||||||||||||||||
South East England | 10
#6D3177 #6D3177 #6D3177 #6D3177 #E4003B #0087DC #0087DC #0087DC #02A95B #FAA61A #12B6CF #12B6CF #12B6CF #12B6CF #E4003B #0087DC #0087DC #222221 #02A95B #FAA61A | ||||||||||||||||||||||
South West England1 | 6
#6D3177 #6D3177 #E4003B #0087DC #0087DC #02A95B |
#12B6CF #DCDCDC #E4003B #0087DC #222221 #02A95B |
|||||||||||||||||||||
West Midlands | 7
#6D3177 #6D3177 #6D3177 #E4003B #E4003B #0087DC #0087DC |
#12B6CF #12B6CF #DCDCDC #E4003B #E4003B #0087DC #0087DC |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Yorkshire and the Humber2 | 6
#6D3177 #6D3177 #6D3177 #E4003B #E4003B #0087DC |
#6D3177 #12B6CF #0087DC |
#E4003B #0087DC |
||||||||||||||||||||
Scotland3 | 6
#6D3177 #E4003B #E4003B #0087DC #FDF38E #FDF38E |
#12B6CF #E4003B |
#0087DC #FDF38E #FDF38E |
||||||||||||||||||||
Wales | 4
#6D3177 #E4003B #0087DC #005B54 |
#12B6CF #E4003B #0087DC #005B54 |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Northern Ireland | 3
#326760 #D46A4C #48A5EE |
#326760 #D46A4C #48A5EE |
1 Includes Gibraltar, the only British overseas territory which is part of the European Union
2 One seat in Yorkshire and the Humber has been vacant since Linda McAvan (Labour) stepped down on 18 April 2019[16]
3 One seat in Scotland has been vacant since Catherine Stihler (Labour) stepped down on 31 January 2019
Electoral method
In Great Britain, candidates stand either on a party list (in a set order of priority decided by that party) – known as a closed list, or as an independent. Voters choose a list (or an independent), not an individual party candidate. The seats are then allocated proportionally to the share of votes cast for each party or individual candidate in the electoral region, using the D'Hondt method of calculation. Each new seat is given to the party (or independent candidate) with the greatest number of votes, divided by the number of those already allocated, plus one.[17]
The Northern Ireland constituency uses Single Transferable Vote (STV) to allocate its three MEPs. Voters rank the candidates sequentially, in order of their choice.
Background
Expected cancellation and contingency planning
The United Kingdom invoked Article 50 of the Treaty on the European Union on 29 March 2017 following a referendum on 23 June 2016 to leave the European Union. As a result, the country was due to leave the EU on 29 March 2019, before the European Parliament elections took place. Nonetheless, on 27 May 2018, it was reported that the UK's Electoral Commission had set aside £829,000 for its "activities relating to a European Parliamentary election in 2019". The Commission described the money as a "precautionary measure, so that we have the necessary funds to deliver our functions at a European Parliamentary election, in the unlikely event that they do go ahead".[18][19][20]
The European Parliament resolution of 7 February 2018 on the composition of the European Parliament (2017/2054(INL) – 2017/0900(NLE)) included these clauses:
- H7 refers to the re-allocation of some UK seats following the UK withdrawal from the EU, stating: "Underlines that the seats to be vacated by the United Kingdom upon its withdrawal from the European Union will facilitate the adoption of a new allocation of seats in Parliament, which will implement the principle of degressive proportionality; further underlines that the new allocation proposed would allow for a reduction in the size of Parliament; notes that the use of only a fraction of the seats vacated by the United Kingdom is sufficient to ensure no loss of seats for any Member State".
- H6 has a contingency for the situation that the UK does not leave the EU before the 2019 election, stating that "in case the above mentioned legal situation concerning the United Kingdom’s withdrawal from the European Union changes, the allocation of seats applied during the 2014–2019 parliamentary term should apply until the withdrawal of the United Kingdom from the European Union becomes legally effective".[21]
The European Council also drew up contingency plans allowing the UK to retain its MEPs should Brexit be postponed:[22]
- However, in the event that the United Kingdom is still a Member State of the Union at the beginning of the 2019-2024 parliamentary term, the number of representatives in the European Parliament per Member State taking up office shall be the one provided for in Article 3 of the European Council Decision 2013/312/EU until the withdrawal of the United Kingdom from the Union becomes legally effective.[23]
Official preparations
After Brexit was delayed beyond its initial planned date of 29 March 2019, the possibility of a sufficiently long delay so as to require the elections to take place became more apparent. The period for withdrawal under Article 50 was first extended, with the unanimous approval of the European Council, until 12 April 2019[24] — the deadline for informing the EU of the intention to hold elections.[25] By early April, the House of Commons had voted again to extend the withdrawal period, and a deadline of 31 October 2019 was agreed between the UK and the Council. The UK Government therefore ordered preparations for the election,[26] with the deadline for candidate nominations on 24 April for the South West England region and 25 April for all other regions.
Nevertheless, ratification of a withdrawal agreement by the UK and European parliaments would still permit the UK to leave before October. If this occurred before 23 May, the United Kingdom and Gibraltar will not take part in the 2019 European Parliament elections scheduled for that day.[27] On the 7 May the UK Government announced that it would not be able to obtain ratification in time to prevent the elections, although it still aimed to ratify the withdrawal agreement before October.[28]
Campaign background
The two major UK political parties, the Conservative and Labour, see the prospect of elections for the European Parliament (while the UK is due to leave the European Union) as problematic, with both having been keen to avoid this scenario.[29] The backdrop of ongoing debate around Brexit is expected to be very significant in how people vote, with the election expected to be seen by some as a "proxy referendum" on whether the country should leave the EU or not.[7] Commentators[who?] suggest that the vote share for the Conservatives and Labour, could fall, with voters moving towards a number of pro-Leave or pro-Remain parties.[citation needed] The election is seen as being significant for two new parties, the Brexit Party (supporting Brexit) and Change UK (who support the UK remaining in the EU).[30][7]
Between the 2014 and 2019 elections, there were many changes to the breakdown of UK members, due to defections, and changes in affiliation. This table shows the number of MEPs in each party:
Affiliation | Members | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
At 2014 election | At dissolution | Change | ||
Conservative | 19 | 18 | ![]() | |
Labour | 20 | 18 | ![]() | |
Brexit Party | — | 14 | ![]() | |
style="background-color:Template:Independent (politician)/meta/color"| | Independent | 0 | 5 | ![]() |
Green | 3 | 3 | ![]() | |
UKIP | 24 | 3 | ![]() | |
Change UK | — | 2 | ![]() | |
SNP | 2 | 2 | ![]() | |
DUP | 1 | 1 | ![]() | |
Liberal Democrats | 1 | 1 | ![]() | |
Plaid Cymru | 1 | 1 | ![]() | |
Sinn Féin | 1 | 1 | ![]() | |
SDP | 0 | 1 | ![]() | |
UUP | 1 | 1 | ![]() | |
Vacant seats | 0 | 2 | ![]() | |
Total | 73 | 73 | ![]() |
Candidates
Nomination papers had to be submitted by 16:00 on the 19th working day before election day (25 April 2019).[31] To stand as a candidate, individuals must be aged 18 or over on the date of nomination and a British or European Union citizen, or a Commonwealth citizen possessing indefinite leave to remain or not requiring leave to enter or remain in the UK.[32]
In April 2019, Labour said it had started its process for choosing candidates.[33][34] 16 out of the 20 MEPs elected last time have applied to stand again.[2] The party's candidates were announced on 18 April and include the former Cabinet minister Andrew Adonis, the former MP Katy Clark and the national co-ordinator of campaigning group Momentum Laura Parker.[35][36]
Following the prospect of a delay to Brexit, Conservative Party MEPs were asked by their delegation leader if they would consider standing again if there were a delay that would mean the UK staying in the EU beyond the date of the next European Parliament election.[37][38] Fifteen of the party's eighteen MEPs stood again as lead candidates for their respective regions.[39]
The Brexit Party are running candidates for all seventy seats in Great Britain, with leader Nigel Farage, himself a former UKIP leader, standing in the South East England region and former Conservative candidate Annunziata Rees-Mogg standing in the East Midlands region.[30][40][41] Also standing is writer Claire Fox, formerly of the Revolutionary Communist Party, and former Conservative MP Ann Widdecombe.[42][43]
The UK Independence Party selected its three remaining MEPs as candidates, along with anti-feminist social media activist Carl Benjamin and Scottish YouTuber Mark Meechan.[44][45]
The Green Party of England and Wales and the corresponding party in Scotland began their candidate selection process in March.[46][47] The Green Party of England and Wales announced a full slate of candidates for England and Wales on 24 April 2019, including one of their three outgoing MEPs, Molly Scott Cato.[48] Also standing is former Lord Mayor of Sheffield, Magid Magid.[49] Other candidates include Catherine Rowett and Rupert Read.[50]
The Liberal Democrats announced their selected candidates for England and Wales on 17 April 2019 following a membership vote. The party's sole incumbent MEP, Catherine Bearder, was re-selected as its lead candidate for South East England, while former MEPs Chris Davies, Fiona Hall, Bill Newton Dunn and Phil Bennion were selected as lead candidates for their respective regions. Other candidates include the entrepreneur Dinesh Dhamija and the former leader of the People's Alliance of Tower Hamlets, Rabina Khan in London, and former MPs Martin Horwood and Stephen Williams in the South West. The party is also standing a full slate in Scotland.[51]
Change UK said it had had 3,700 applicants to be candidates, including former MPs from both the Labour Party and the Conservative Party.[52] Their candidates include writer Rachel Johnson (sister of Conservative MP Boris Johnson and formerly of the Liberal Democrats), former BBC journalist Gavin Esler,[42] former Conservative MPs Stephen Dorrell and Neil Carmichael, former Labour MEP Carole Tongue, former Labour MPs Roger Casale and Jon Owen Jones, former Liberal Democrat MEP Diana Wallis,[53] and former deputy Prime Minister of Poland Jacek Rostowski.[54] They are standing 70 candidates (i.e. all of Great Britain, but not Northern Ireland).[42] Two of their candidates subsequently withdrew from the ballot due to misogynistic and racist remarks.[55]
Jill Evans, Plaid Cymru's sole MEP, is standing as the party's lead candidate as part of a full slate for the Wales constituency.[56]
The Women's Equality Party are standing in the London Region,[57] with the party's co-founder Catherine Mayer as the lead candidate.[58]
Far right activist Tommy Robinson is standing as an independent for the North West England constituency.[59][60]
Further parties and independent candidates are also standing, including the English Democrats and Yorkshire Party.[61]
Patrick O'Flynn, the Social Democratic Party's sole MEP, having been elected as a UKIP candidate, stated in April 2019 that the SDP will not be standing candidates at the election.[62]
Northern Ireland
Parties with a sitting MEP | European affiliation |
---|---|
Democratic Unionist Party | NI |
Sinn Féin | GUE/NGL |
Ulster Unionist Party | ECR |
Northern Ireland has a different party system to Great Britain, dominated by regional or Irish parties, and uses single transferable vote rather than the party list system.
Two of the three sitting MEPs are contesting the election, Martina Anderson for Sinn Féin and Diane Dodds for the Democratic Unionist Party.[63][64] Jim Nicholson, who has represented the Ulster Unionist Party since 1989, is retiring, with Danny Kennedy running for the party.
Three parties have selected their leaders as candidates: Colum Eastwood for the SDLP,[65] Naomi Long for the Alliance Party,[66][67] and Clare Bailey for the Green Party.[64]
UKIP nominated Robert Hill as their candidate in the region on 18 April 2019.[68] The Conservative Party has also nominated a candidate,[69] making the Conservatives and UKIP the only two parties standing candidates in all regions across the UK.
In April 2019, Jane Morrice, co-founder of the Northern Ireland Women's Coalition and a former deputy speaker of the Northern Ireland Assembly, is standing as an independent on a pro-Remain platform.[70]
Campaign
There has been debate within Labour as to what their policy should be with respect to Brexit. On 20 April, the party's deputy leader Tom Watson argued they needed to back a second referendum on Brexit in order to present a clear alternative to and beat the Brexit Party, but that is not currently the party's preferred option.[71] A draft of a Labour leaflet that made no reference to a second referendum provoked a public row,[72] including more than 90 Labour MPs and MEPs writing to the party's National Executive Committee (NEC) in protest.[73] On 27 April, Labour announced that the original leaflet draft was to be redrafted to include details of the party's preparations for a general election, with a referendum if necessary to avoid what it calls a "bad Tory deal".[74]
Labour's manifesto for the elections was agreed at an NEC meeting on 30 April, re-affirming their 2018 policy that they will first seek a Brexit deal on their terms (including a Customs Union), but if that is not possible, they will seek a general election, and, if that is not possible, a second referendum. Only one vote was held at the meeting, on an amendment from the TSSA union that sought to commit Labour to a referendum on any Brexit deal, but this was rejected by a what NEC sources called a "clear" margin.[75] Retiring Labour MEP Mary Honeyball criticised this as "Not good enough"[76] and many Labour party members destroyed their membership cards in protest.[77] However, some Remain-supporting Labour MPs and Labour MPs sceptical of a second referendum welcome the decision.[76] Watson had walked out of the Shadow Cabinet meeting earlier on 30 April in protest at Shadow Cabinet members not being shown the draft manifesto.[78][79]
Labour's 9 May campaign launch stressed bringing the country together. Jeremy Corbyn talked of a "healing process" between those who supported Leave and Remain.[80]
Conservative councillors in Derbyshire are boycotting the European elections and refusing to campaign in protest over the government's failure to deliver Brexit.[81] A survey of 781 Conservative Party councillors found that 40% plan to vote for the Brexit Party.[82] Conservative MPs, including Lucy Allan, have tweeted positive comments about the Brexit Party. In response, the Conservative Party issued a warning that individuals campaigning for or endorsing other parties will be expelled from the party.[83]
UKIP argue they are "the authentic party of Brexit, the true party of Leave", to quote party leader Gerard Batten.[84] UKIP are also the only Brexit-supporting party fielding a candidate in every region of the United Kingdom, including Northern Ireland.[62] Batten has criticised the rival Brexit Party as having no policies. UKIP launched their campaign on 18 April, but there was renewed criticism surrounding the second candidate on their list, Carl Benjamin for telling Labour MP Jess Phillips "I wouldn't even rape you" and for having produced a video in which he used racist slurs.[85][86][87] Further controversy came as one of UKIP's sitting MEPs Stuart Agnew addressed a pro-apartheid club of expat South Africans in London that reportedly has links to the far-right.[88]
Nigel Farage, the Brexit Party and former UKIP leader, said that there was "no difference between the Brexit party and UKIP in terms of policy, [but] in terms of personnel, there's a vast difference", criticising UKIP's connections to the far right.[89] On 15 April 2019, three more sitting female UKIP MEPs defected to the Brexit Party, criticising UKIP's nomination of Benjamin as a candidate. In particular, Collins noted UKIP leader Gerard Batten's defence of Benjamin's "use of a non-rape threat as 'satire'" to be an especially compelling factor.[90] Two further UKIP MEPs moved to the Brexit Party on 17 April. Former Labour and Respect Party MP George Galloway also announced his support for the Brexit Party on 17 April.[91] On 23 April, Farage said that the Brexit Party was not "here just to get a process vote on 23 May – far from it, 23 May for us is just the beginning."[92] He also argued that the better the performance of the Brexit Party, the lower the chance of a second referendum on Brexit.[93]
The three main nationwide pro-European parties standing in the election, Liberal Democrats, Greens and Change UK, wish to treat this election as a "soft referendum" on Europe.[94] Commentators, such as Marina Hyde, have raised the concern of a split vote among pro-Remain parties reducing the number of pro-Remain MEPs being elected.[95][96] Vince Cable, the leader of the Liberal Democrats, proposed standing joint candidates with the Greens and Change UK on a common policy of seeking a second referendum on Brexit, but the other parties rejected the idea.[97] Change UK's co-founder Chuka Umunna confirmed the LibDem approach, but he[96] and Change UK leader Heidi Allen dismissed concerns of a split Remain vote.[98] Change UK MEP Girling said she had decided not to stand for re-election because of the concern about maximising the Remain vote.[99]
The Green Party of England and Wales is campaigning on stopping climate change, as well as their opposition to Brexit.[100]
The Liberal Democrats are running with a "stop Brexit" message,[101] seeking the support of those who wish the UK to remain in the EU.[30] At their campaign launch on 26 April, Cable lamented that they were not standing on a common platform with other parties opposed to Brexit.[101]
Change UK see the elections as an important launchpad for their new party,[7] seeking to turn the election into a "proxy referendum" on Brexit.[102] On 16 April 2019, two former Conservative MEPs, who had left the party to sit as independents within the European People's Party grouping, joined Change UK.[103] The Renew Party agreed to support Change UK – The Independent Group at the elections, and the latter are including candidates from Renew's approved list.[104] Molly Scott Cato, a sitting Green Party of England & Wales MEP, criticised Change UK as "a single-issue party with no coherent policy platform beyond opposing Brexit".[105]
The DUP are campaigning on sending a message to "get on with Brexit".[106]
Local elections were held in most of England and all of Northern Ireland on 2 May. The results saw both Conservatives and Labour losing seats, in what The Guardian called a "Brexit backlash", while the Liberal Democrats, Greens and independents made gains. The Liberal Democrats made the biggest gains, which the LibDem leader Vince Cable put down to a rejection of the Conservatives and Labour over their Brexit approaches.[107] Stephen Bush, writing in the News Statesman argued that the LibDem success in the local elections make them the most likely party for Remain voters to rally around at the European elections,[108] while The Independent described them as having the "momentum" leading into the European elections.[109] Alliance (the Liberal Democrats' sister party in Northern Ireland), other smaller parties and independents also made significant gains in the local elections in Northern Ireland.[110]
On 3 May, the day after the local elections, Tony Robinson, actor and former member of Labour's NEC, resigned from the party, in part over Labour's failure to support a second referendum.[111] On 7 May, the former Conservative deputy prime minister and sitting Conservative peer Michael Heseltine said he is considering not voting for the Conservatives because of the party's support for Brexit.[112]
Party Brexit positions
Party | Brexit Position | Withdrawal Agreement Position | Details | |
---|---|---|---|---|
bgcolor="Template:Labour Party (UK)/meta/color" | | Labour | Pro-Brexit | Opposes | In favour of a customs union with the EU.[113] Supports a second referendum if an early general election cannot be held.[114] |
bgcolor="Template:Conservative Party (UK)/meta/color" | | Conservative | Pro-Brexit | Supports | In favour of leaving the EU with the withdrawal agreement negotiated by Theresa May's government |
bgcolor="Template:Brexit Party/meta/color" | | Brexit Party | Pro-Brexit | Opposes | In favour of "no deal" Brexit, opposes a customs union or membership of the single market.[115][116] |
bgcolor="Template:UK Independence Party/meta/color"| | UKIP | Pro-Brexit | Opposes | In favour of "no deal" Brexit without a formal withdrawal agreement.[117] |
bgcolor="Template:Green Party of England and Wales/meta/color" | | Green (E&W) | Anti-Brexit | Opposes | In favour of a second referendum.[118] |
bgcolor="Template:Scottish National Party/meta/color" | | SNP | Anti-Brexit |
Opposes | In favour of Scotland remaining in the single market and customs union. Supports a second referendum and an independent Scotland within the EU.[119][119] |
Change UK | Anti-Brexit | Opposes | In favour of a second referendum.[42] | |
bgcolor="Template:Liberal Democrats (UK)/meta/color" | | Liberal Democrats | Anti-Brexit | Opposes | In favour of a second referendum.[120] |
bgcolor="Template:Democratic Unionist Party/meta/color" | | Democratic Unionist | Pro-Brexit | Opposes | Concerns over a perceived risk to Northern Ireland's position in the United Kingdom due to the Irish border "backstop" issue.[121] |
bgcolor="Template:Plaid Cymru/meta/color" | | Plaid Cymru | Anti-Brexit | Opposes | In favour of a second referendum and potentially an independence referendum for Wales if Brexit occurs without continued membership of single market.[122][123] |
bgcolor="Template:Sinn Féin/meta/color" | | Sinn Féin | Anti-Brexit | Supports | In favour of "designated special status" for Northern Ireland remaining in the EU. Supports a referendum on Northern Ireland uniting with Ireland in the event of "no deal" Brexit.[124][125][126][127] |
bgcolor="Template:Ulster Unionist Party/meta/color"| | Ulster Unionist | Pro-Brexit | Opposes | Concerns based over the Northern Irish "backstop" issue.[128][129] |
In terms of other parties, the SDLP opposes Brexit and supports a second referendum, but supports the withdrawal agreement if Brexit is to take place.[130][131] The Alliance Party opposes Brexit,[132][133] while the TUV support it.[134][135]
Tactical voting
On 8 May 2019, activist Gina Miller set up a website, Remain United, to encourage tactical voting in the EU parliamentary election on 23 May, in order to maximise the number of MEPs of various parties elected who support remaining in the EU.[136][137]
Opinion polls
Before the April delay, a number of polls asked respondents to imagine a hypothetical scenario where European elections take place. Number Cruncher Politics warned that opinion could move significantly if such a situation actually comes about.[138]
Great Britain
Graphical representation
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Opinion_polling_for_the_2019_European_Parliament_election_in_the_United_Kingdom_alt_v.svg/600px-Opinion_polling_for_the_2019_European_Parliament_election_in_the_United_Kingdom_alt_v.svg.png)
National poll results
Date(s) | Polling organisation/client | Area | Sample | UKIP | Lab | Con | Lib Dem | Green | SNP | Plaid Cymru | Brexit | Change UK | Others | Lead | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
class="unsortable" style="background:Template:UK Independence Party/meta/color; width:60px;" | | class="unsortable" style="background:Template:Labour Party (UK)/meta/color; width:60px;" | | class="unsortable" style="background:Template:Conservative Party (UK)/meta/color; width:60px;" | | class="unsortable" style="background:Template:Liberal Democrats (UK)/meta/color; width:60px;" | | class="unsortable" style="background:Template:Green Party of England and Wales/meta/color; width:60px;" | | class="unsortable" style="background:Template:Scottish National Party/meta/color; width:60px;" | | class="unsortable" style="background:Template:Plaid Cymru/meta/color; width:60px;" | | class="unsortable" style="background:Template:Brexit Party/meta/color; width:60px;" | | class="unsortable" style="background:Template:Change UK/meta/color; width:60px;" | | |||||||
3–7 May | Opinium | UK | 2,000 | 4% | 26% | 14% | 12% | 6% | 5% | 2% | 29% | 2% | 1% | style="background:Template:Brexit Party/meta/color; color:white;"| 3% | |
1–7 May | ComRes | GB | 4,060 | 2% | 26% | 14% | 11% | 6% | 4% | N/A | 28% | 8% | 1% | style="background:Template:Brexit Party/meta/color; color:white;"| 2% | |
2 May | Local elections in England and Northern Ireland | ||||||||||||||
29–30 Apr | YouGov/The Times | GB | 1,630 | 4% | 21% | 13% | 10% | 9% | 4% | 30% | 9% | 1% | style="background:Template:Brexit Party/meta/color; color:white;" | 9% | ||
23–26 Apr | YouGov/Hope Not Hate | GB | 5,412 | 5% | 22% | 13% | 7% | 10% | 5% | 28% | 10% | 1% | style="background:Template:Brexit Party/meta/color; color:white;" | 6% | ||
17–25 Apr | Survation | UK | 1,999 | 7% | 27% | 16% | 8% | 4% | 3% | 1% | 27% | 4% | 4% | Tie | |
18–24 Apr | PanelBase/Sunday Times | GB | 1,149 | 5% | 33% | 20% | 7% | 4% | 4% | N/A | 20% | 5% | 1% | style="background:Template:Labour Party (UK)/meta/color; color:white;"| 13% | |
21–23 Apr | Opinium/Observer | GB | 2,004 | 3% | 28% | 14% | 7% | 6% | 4% | 1% | 28% | 7% | 4% | Tie | |
16–17 Apr | YouGov/The Times | GB | 1,755 | 6% | 22% | 17% | 9% | 10% | 5% | 23% | 8% | 0% | style="background:Template:Brexit Party/meta/color; color:white;" | 1% | ||
16 Apr | ComRes/Brexit Express | GB | 1,061 | 5% | 33% | 18% | 9% | 5% | 4% | 0% | 17% | 9% | 0% | style="background:Template:Labour Party (UK)/meta/color; color:white;"| 15% | |
15–16 Apr | YouGov/People's Vote | GB | 1,855 | 7% | 22% | 15% | 9% | 10% | 3% | 1% | 27% | 6% | 1% | style="background:Template:Brexit Party/meta/color; color:white;"| 5% | |
9–12 Apr | Opinium/Observer | GB | 2,007 | 13% | 29% | 17% | 10% | 6% | 6% | 1% | 12% | 4% | 2% | style="background:Template:Labour Party (UK)/meta/color; color:white;"| 12% | |
10–11 Apr | YouGov/The Times | GB | 1,843 | 14% | 24% | 16% | 8% | 8% | 5% | 1% | 15% | 7% | 1% | style="background:Template:Labour Party (UK)/meta/color; color:white;"| 8% | |
5–8 Apr | Hanbury Strategy/Open Europe | GB | 2,000 | 7% | 38% | 23% | 8% | 4% | 4% | 0% | 10% | 4% | 1% | style="background:Template:Labour Party (UK)/meta/color; color:white;"| 15% | |
28–30 Mar | Opinium/Observer | GB | 2,008 | 18% | 30% | 24% | 10% | 8% | 4% | 1% | – | – | 5% | style="background:Template:Labour Party (UK)/meta/color; color:white;" | 6% | |
22 Mar | Nigel Farage becomes leader of the new Brexit Party | ||||||||||||||
12–15 Mar | Opinium/Observer | GB | 2,008 | 17% | 29% | 28% | 11% | 6% | 4% | 1% | – | – | 5% | style="background:Template:Labour Party (UK)/meta/color; color:white;" | 1% | |
10–17 Jan 2019 | Number Cruncher Politics/Politico | GB | 1,030 | 10% | 37% | 36% | 8% | 5% | 3% | 1% | – | – | 1% | style="background:Template:Labour Party (UK)/meta/color; color:white;" | 1% | |
22 May 2014 | 2014 EU election results | GB | 16,017,366 | style="background:Template:UK Independence Party/meta/color; color:white;"|27.5% | 25.4% | 23.9% | 6.8% | 7.9%[c] | 2.5% | 0.7% | N/A | N/A | 5.5% | style="background:Template:UK Independence Party/meta/color; color:white;"|2.1% | |
UK | 16,454,950 | style="background:Template:UK Independence Party/meta/color; color:white;"|26.6% | 24.4% | 23.1% | 6.6% | 7.6%[d] | 2.4% | 0.7% | N/A | N/A | 8.6% | style="background:Template:UK Independence Party/meta/color; color:white;"|2.2% |
Scotland only
Date(s) | Polling organisation/client | Sample | SNP | Lab | Con | UKIP | Green | Lib Dem | Brexit | Change UK | Others | Lead |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
class="unsortable" style="background:Template:Scottish National Party/meta/color; width:60px;" | | class="unsortable" style="background:Template:Labour Party (UK)/meta/color; width:60px;" | | class="unsortable" style="background:Template:Conservative Party (UK)/meta/color; width:60px;" | | class="unsortable" style="background:Template:UK Independence Party/meta/color; width:60px;" | | class="unsortable" style="background:Template:Scottish Green Party/meta/color; width:60px;" | | class="unsortable" style="background:Template:Liberal Democrats (UK)/meta/color; width:60px;" | | class="unsortable" style="background:Template:Brexit Party/meta/color; width:60px;" | | class="unsortable" style="background:Template:Change UK/meta/color; width:60px;" | | |||||
24–26 Apr | YouGov/The Times | 1,029 | style="background:Template:Scottish National Party/meta/color; color:black;"| 40% | 14% | 10% | 3% | 7% | 6% | 13% | 6% | 0% | style="background:Template:Scottish National Party/meta/color; color:black;"| 26% |
16–23 Apr | Panelbase | 1,018 | style="background:Template:Scottish National Party/meta/color; color:black;"| 39% | 20% | 16% | 2% | 3% | 6% | 10% | 4% | <1% | style="background:Template:Scottish National Party/meta/color; color:black;"| 19% |
22 May 2014 | 2014 EU election results | 1,343,483 | style="background:Template:Scottish National Party/meta/color; color:black;"|29.0% | 25.9% | 17.2% | 10.5% | 8.1% | 7.1% | N/A | N/A | 2.2% | style="background:Template:Scottish National Party/meta/color; color:black;"| 3.1% |
Northern Ireland
Two polls will be conducted by LucidTalk in May.[139]
Date(s) conducted |
Polling organisation/client | Sample size | SF | DUP | UUP | SDLP | TUV | Alliance | Others | Lead |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
class="sortable" style="background:Template:Sinn Fein/meta/color; width:60px;"| | class="sortable" style="background:Template:Democratic Unionist Party/meta/color; width:60px;"| | class="sortable" style="background:Template:Ulster Unionist Party/meta/color; width:60px;"| | class="sortable" style="background:Template:Social Democratic and Labour Party/meta/color; width:60px;"| | class="sortable" style="background:Template:Traditional Unionist Voice/meta/color; width:60px;"| | class="sortable" style="background:Template:Alliance Party of Northern Ireland/meta/color; width:60px;"| | |||||
16–18 May | LucidTalk | TBA | TBA | TBA | TBA | TBA | TBA | TBA | TBA | TBA |
3–6 May | LucidTalk | TBA | TBA | TBA | TBA | TBA | TBA | TBA | TBA | TBA |
22 May 2014 | 2014 EU election results | 626,125 | style="background:Template:Sinn Fein/meta/color; color:white;"|29.0% | 20.9% | 13.3% | 13.0% | 12.1% | 7.1% | 8.0% | style="background:Template:Sinn Fein/meta/color; color:white;"|4.6% |
European Parliament
Based on polls in the UK, organisations have started calculating the theoretical seat distribution in the European Parliament, if the UK participates in the European elections. (See 2019 European Parliament election for a general overview)
Date(s) | Source | UKIP | Lab | Con | Lib Dem | Green | SNP | Plaid Cymru | Brexit | Change UK | Others | Lead |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
class="unsortable" style="background:Template:UK Independence Party/meta/color; width:60px;" | | class="unsortable" style="background:Template:Labour Party (UK)/meta/color; width:60px;" | | class="unsortable" style="background:Template:Conservative Party (UK)/meta/color; width:60px;" | | class="unsortable" style="background:Template:Liberal Democrats (UK)/meta/color; width:60px;" | | class="unsortable" style="background:Template:Green Party of England and Wales/meta/color; width:60px;" | | class="unsortable" style="background:Template:Scottish National Party/meta/color; width:60px;" | | class="unsortable" style="background:Template:Plaid Cymru/meta/color; width:60px;" | | class="unsortable" style="background:Template:Brexit Party/meta/color; width:60px;" | | class="unsortable" style="background:Template:Change UK/meta/color; width:60px;" | | ||||
7 May | EuropeanElectionsStats.eu | 3 | 16 | 9 | 6 | 6 | 2 | 1 | 21 | 6 | 3 | style="background:Template:Brexit Party/meta/color; color:white;"| 5 |
6 May | Politico.eu | 4 | 20 | 12 | 6 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 16 | 3 | 3 | style="background:Template:Labour Party (UK)/meta/color; color:white;"| 4 |
1 May | EuropeanElectionsStats.eu | 3 | 19 | 10 | 5 | 6 | 3 | 0 | 21 | 6 | 3 | style="background:Template:Brexit Party/meta/color; color:white;"| 2 |
22 April | EuropeanElectionsStats.eu | 4 | 21 | 13 | 6 | 5 | 3 | 15 | 6 | 3 | style="background:Template:Labour Party (UK)/meta/color; color:white;"| 6 | |
22 May 2014 | 2014 EU election results | 24 | 20 | 19 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 4 |
Members of the European Parliament not standing for re-election
Brexit Party
- Tim Aker, Brexit Party MEP for East of England; originally elected as UKIP[140]
- Jonathan Arnott, Brexit Party MEP for North East England; originally elected as UKIP[141]
- David Coburn, Brexit Party MEP for Scotland; originally elected as UKIP[140]
- Jane Collins, Brexit Party MEP for Yorkshire and the Humber; originally elected as UKIP[142]
- Bill Etheridge, Brexit Party MEP for West Midlands; originally elected as UKIP[140]
- Ray Finch, Brexit Party MEP for South East England; originally elected as UKIP[140]
- Diane James, Brexit Party MEP for South East England; originally elected as UKIP[140]
- Paul Nuttall, Brexit Party MEP for North West England; originally elected as UKIP[140]
- Margot Parker, Brexit Party MEP for East Midlands; originally elected as UKIP[140]
- Julia Reid, Brexit Party MEP for South West England; originally elected as UKIP[140]
- Jill Seymour, Brexit Party MEP for West Midlands; originally elected as UKIP[140]
Conservative
- David Campbell Bannerman, Conservative Party MEP for East of England[143]
- Jacqueline Foster, Conservative MEP for North West England[140]
- Kay Swinburne, Conservative Party MEP for Wales[144]
Change UK
- Julie Girling, Change UK MEP for South West England; originally elected as Conservative Party[99]
Greens
- Jean Lambert, Green MEP for London[140]
- Keith Taylor, Green MEP for South East England[140]
Labour
- Lucy Anderson, Labour Party MEP for London[145]
- Mary Honeyball, Labour Party MEP for London[145]
- Derek Vaughan, Labour Party MEP for Wales[144]
Independents
- Janice Atkinson, Independent MEP for South East England; originally elected as UKIP[140]
- Louise Bours, Independent MEP for North West England; originally elected as UKIP[140]
- James Carver, Independent MEP for West Midlands; originally elected as UKIP
- William Dartmouth, Independent MEP for South West England; originally elected as UKIP[140]
- Steven Woolfe, Independent MEP for North West England; originally elected as UKIP[140]
SDP
- Patrick O'Flynn, Social Democratic Party (SDP), MEP for East of England; originally elected as UKIP[146]
SNP
- Ian Hudghton, SNP MEP for Scotland[147]
UUP
See also
Footnotes
- ^ With respect to the current affiliation of the two MEPs who have defected to the party
- ^ Or, in the case of a British citizen who moved abroad before the age of 18, if a parent or guardian had been on the on Electoral Register in the UK in the 15 years before the election
- ^ 2014 result is the collective vote share of the Green Party of England and Wales and the Scottish Green Party.
- ^ 2014 result is the collective vote share of the Green Party of England and Wales, the Scottish Green Party, and the Green Party in Northern Ireland
References
- ^ "Ministers set for further Brexit talks". BBC News. 8 April 2019.
- ^ a b "How UK is gearing up for European elections". BBC News. 11 April 2019. Retrieved 13 April 2019.
- ^ "Brexit: UK will take part in European elections, says David Lidington". BBC News. 7 May 2019.
- ^ "European Parliamentary elections in Great Britain" (PDF). The Electoral Commission (UK). Retrieved 13 April 2019.
- ^ a b c d e "Types of election, referendums, and who can vote". GOV.UK. HM Government. Retrieved 13 April 2019.
This article contains quotations from this source, which is available under the Open Government Licence v3.0 © Crown copyright
- ^ "Article 50 extension". Institute for Government. 12 December 2018. Retrieved 14 April 2019.
If the UK and the EU ratify the Withdrawal Agreement before the new European Parliament sits for the first time on 2 July, then the 73 new UK MEPs would not take up their seats.
- ^ a b c d Helm, Toby (6 April 2019). "The Independent Group looks to European elections for breakthrough". The Guardian.
- ^ "Which elections can I vote in?". Electoral Commission. 2 October 2018. Retrieved 28 April 2019.
- ^ "Overseas Voters". Electoral Commission. 6 February 2019. Retrieved 28 April 2019.
- ^ Representation of the People Act 1983, Sections 3 and 3A
- ^ Representation of the People Act 1983, Section 173
- ^ a b "European Parliament". Electoral Commission. 11 April 2019. Retrieved 28 April 2019.
- ^ "I have two homes. Can I register at both addresses?". Electoral Commission. 2016. Retrieved 5 January 2011.
- ^ European Parliament voter registration form Electoral Commission (PDF)
- ^ "Results by national party: 2019-2024 United Kingdom - Final results". European Parliament. Retrieved 28 May 2019.
- ^ "8th parliamentary term - Linda McAVAN - MEPs". European Parliament.
- ^ "European Parliamentary Elections Act 2002". legislation.gov.uk. National Archives – via GOV.uk.
- ^ Wheeler, Caroline (27 May 2018). "John Bercow's committee sets aside nearly £1m for post-Brexit EU election". The Sunday Times. Retrieved 27 May 2018.(subscription required)
- ^ Hope, Christopher (26 May 2018). "Fear over 'secret' Government plan for UK to stay in EU after deadline as cash set aside for European elections". The Telegraph. Retrieved 27 May 2018.(subscription required)
- ^ Kanter, Jake (27 May 2018). "Brexit supporters are angry about a 'secret plot' to keep Britain in Europe after £829,000 is set aside for EU elections". Business Insider UK. Retrieved 27 May 2018.
- ^ European Parliament resolution of 7 February 2018 on the composition of the European Parliament (Texts adopted, P8_TA(2018)0029). European Parliament. 7 February 2018.
- ^ Stone, Jon (16 June 2018). "EU making preparations for possibility of Brexit being postponed". The Independent. Retrieved 16 June 2018.
- ^ "Article 3.2: Establishing the composition of the European Parliament". European Council Decision (EU) 2018/937. European Council. 28 June 2018.
- ^ Fella, Stefano (22 March 2019). Brexit delayed: the European Council Conclusions on extending Article 50. Commons Briefing Papers: CBP-8533. House of Commons Library. Retrieved 29 March 2019. PDF
- ^ Hughes, Laura; et al. (28 March 2019). "Brexit timeline: key dates in the UK's divorce from the EU". Financial Times. Retrieved 30 March 2019. (subscription required)
- ^ Johnston, Neil (9 April 2019). Are we preparing for European Parliamentary elections?. Commons Library Podcast. House of Commons Library. Retrieved 13 April 2019.
- ^ Elgot, Jessica (12 April 2019). "What are the key dates between now and the new Brexit deadline?". The Guardian. Guardian News and Media.
- ^ "UK will take part in European elections". BBC News. 7 May 2019. Retrieved 9 May 2019.
- ^ Walker, Peter; Mason, Rowena (9 April 2019). "Labour and Tories reluctantly prepare for European elections". The Guardian. Retrieved 14 April 2019.
- ^ a b c Payne, Sebastian (7 April 2019). Britain's insurgent parties gear up for European elections.
{{cite book}}
:|work=
ignored (help) - ^ "Schedule 1 to the European Parliamentary Elections Regulations 2004". legislation.gov.uk. National Archives – via GOV.uk.
- ^ "Guidance for candidates and agents (Part 1 of 6 – Can you stand for election?)" (PDF). Electoral Commission. Retrieved 29 April 2019.
- ^ Wintour, Patrick; Weaver, Matthew (5 April 2019). "May-Corbyn Brexit talks 'will fail' if he insists on referendum". The Guardian. Retrieved 13 April 2019.
- ^ Morris, Nigel (5 April 2019). "Labour and Tory gear up for the election they don't want – fearing it could provide a lifeline to Ukip". i News. ESI Media.
- ^ Rodgers, Sienna (19 April 2019). "Andrew Adonis, Momentum boss and Corbyn ally among Labour's European election candidates". LabourList. Retrieved 21 April 2019.
- ^ Bloom, Dan (22 April 2019). "Full list of EU election candidates in your area - and the big names to watch". Mirror Online. Retrieved 22 April 2019.
- ^ Stewart, Heather; Elgot, Jessica; Walker, Peter (14 March 2019). "MPs back Brexit delay as votes lay bare cabinet divisions". The Guardian. Retrieved 17 March 2019.
- ^ de la Baume, Maïa (15 March 2019). "Tory MEPs asked if they'd like to contest EU election in a Brexit delay". Politico. Retrieved 17 March 2019.
- ^ "Exclusive. The full list of Conservative MEP candidates". Conservative Home. 20 April 2019. Retrieved 22 April 2019.
- ^ Halliday, Josh; Walker, Peter (12 April 2019). "Annunziata Rees-Mogg to stand as MEP for Farage's Brexit party". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 April 2019.
- ^ "Annunziata Rees-Mogg hits out at 'broken' political system". Shropshire Star. MNA Media. 20 April 2019. Retrieved 22 April 2019.
- ^ a b c d "Join the Remain alliance, urges Change UK". BBC News. 23 April 2019.
- ^ "Ann Widdecombe to stand for Brexit Party". BBC News. 24 April 2019. Retrieved 25 April 2019.
- ^ Walker, Peter (22 April 2019). "Ukip MEP candidate blamed feminists for rise in misogyny". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 April 2019.
- ^ Syal, Rajeev (18 April 2019). "Ukip leader attacks Farage party at EU elections launch". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 April 2019.
- ^ "Statement on Brexit and European Parliament Election". Scottish Greens. 22 March 2019.
- ^ "Greens Stand Ready to Fight EU Elections". Green Party. 4 April 2019.
- ^ "We're proud to announce our amazing slate of candidates for the #EuropeanElections!". @TheGreenParty. 24 April 2019 – via Twitter.
- ^ "Green Party unveils European elections list". BBC News. 24 April 2019.
- ^ "2 members of our PPL department, @catherinerowett AND @GreenRupertRead are running for the @TheGreenParty in the European Elections!". @Politics_UEA. 17 April 2019 – via Twitter.
- ^ "European Election candidate lists announced for England and Wales". Liberal Democrat Voice. 17 April 2019. Retrieved 17 April 2019.
- ^ Helm, Toby (20 April 2019). "Change UK: 'we're the natural home of the remain alliance'". The Guardian. Guardian News and Media.
- ^ Sparrow, Andrew (23 April 2019). "Labour and No 10 blame each other for lack of progress in talks on Brexit compromise – as it happened". The Guardian. Guardian News and Media.
- ^ Shah, Shakhil (23 April 2019). "Former Polish deputy PM to stand for European parliament for Change UK". Emerging Europe.
- ^ Jon Stone (26 April 2019). "Change UK: Second candidate resigns in 24 hours, after 'crazy black wh***' remarks emerge". The Independent. ESI Media.
- ^ Mosalski, Ruth (21 April 2019). "European elections 2019: The candidates in Wales". Wales Online. Media Wales. Retrieved 22 April 2019.
- ^ "Our candidates for the European Parliament". Women's Equality. Retrieved 29 April 2019.
- ^ Iqbal, Nosheen. "'We're not just for middle class white women': new head of Women's Equality party". The Guardian. Retrieved 2 May 2019.
- ^ Halliday, Josh (25 April 2019). "Tommy Robinson announces plans to stand as MEP". The Guardian. Guardian News and Media.
- ^ "Tommy Robinson to stand as MEP candidate". BBC News. 25 April 2019.
- ^ Chaplain, Chloe (27 April 2019). "European elections 2019: full list of MEP candidates standing in next month's EU vote". i News. ESI Media.
- ^ a b "The How, Why and If of the new Brexit extension. How will it play if we run Euro elections? The Edvard Munch exhibition". Newsnight. 9 April 2019. BBC Two. Retrieved 9 April 2019.
- ^ McMorrow, Conor (13 April 2019). "Anderson confirmed as Sinn Féin's NI Europe candidate". RTÉ News. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
- ^ a b c McClafferty, Enda (25 April 2019). "Who is standing in the EU elections?". BBC News.
- ^ "Eastwood to contest European Parliament election - 2019 - News". SDLP. 17 April 2019.
- ^ "Naomi Long joins race to be Northern Ireland MEP". Belfast Telegraph. Independent News and Media. 18 April 2019.
- ^ David McCann (18 April 2019). "Naomi Long to stand in the European Election". Slugger O'Toole.
- ^ "Newtownabbey man selected to stand in European Election". Newtownabbey Today. JPI Media. 16 April 2019.
- ^ "Eleven candidates for EU elections in NI". BBC News. 25 April 2019.
- ^ "Former Assembly deputy speaker to run for European election". Shropshire Star. MNA Media. 8 April 2019.
- ^ Helm, Toby; Savage, Michael (21 April 2019). "Brexit: second referendum only way to beat Nigel Farage, warns Tom Watson". The Guardian. Guardian News and Media.
- ^ Stewart, Heather (27 April 2019). "Labour denies having to rewrite EU election leaflet after referendum row". The Guardian. Guardian News and Media.
- ^ "Labour Euro manifesto 'must back referendum'". BBC News. 26 April 2019.
- ^ "Brexit: Labour to redraft European Parliament election leaflets". BBC News. 27 April 2019.
- ^ Heather Stewart (30 April 2019). "Anger as Corbyn faces down calls for Labour to back new Brexit vote". The Guardian. Guardian News and Media.
- ^ a b Sparrow, Andrew; Carrell, Severin (30 April 2019). "Brexit: Labour restates 2nd referendum 'option' policy despite pressure to shift from party remainers – as it happened". The Guardian. Guardian News and Media.
- ^ Mia Jancowicz (2 May 2019). "Labour Remainers are chopping up their membership cards after Brexit fudge". The New European. Archant Media.
- ^ Heather Stewart (30 April 2019). "Watson stages 'polite' walkout over Labour's EU election manifesto". The Guardian. Guardian News and Media.
- ^ Greg Heffer (1 May 2019). "Labour deputy Tom Watson walks out of shadow cabinet meeting amid Brexit divisions". Sky News.
- ^ https://www.irishexaminer.com/breakingnews/world/abandon-leave-and-remain-labels-to-halt-endless-loop-on-brexit-says-corbyn-923033.html
- ^ Syal, Rajeev (19 April 2019). "Tory councillors refuse to campaign for next month's EU elections". The Guardian. Guardian News and Media.
- ^ "Labour 'must back second Brexit vote'". BBC News. 21 April 2019.
- ^ Tim Shipman/Caroline Wheeler/Jason Allardyce (28 April 2019). ""Back Farage and you're out, Tory MPs told as voters desert party"". The Times. Times Newspapers. Retrieved 29 April 2019.(subscription required)
- ^ "Ukip the 'true' voice of Brexit as party seeks to counter Nigel Farage threat". The Scotsman. JPI Media. Press Association. 18 April 2019.
- ^ "Thu 18 Apr 2019". Channel 4 News. ITN. 18 April 2019.
- ^ "UKIP south west MEP hopeful criticised over 'rape' tweet". Salisbury Journal. Newsquest Media Group. 18 April 2019.
- ^ "UKIP MEP candidate: 'Personally I find racist jokes funny'". Evening Standard. ESI Media. 26 April 2019.
- ^ Walker, Peter (16 April 2019). "Ukip MEP Stuart Agnew addressed pro-apartheid club". The Guardian. Guardian News and Media. Retrieved 21 April 2019.
- ^ Jacobson, Seth (12 April 2019). "Nigel Farage says Brexit party won't take money from Arron Banks". The Guardian.
- ^ "Ukip MEPs quit to join Nigel Farage's Brexit Party". The Independent. ESI Media. 15 April 2019.
- ^ Prince, Emily (18 April 2019). "George Galloway backs Nigel Farage's new Brexit party". The New European. Archant Media.
- ^ Walker, Peter (23 April 2019). "Former communist standing as MEP for Farage's Brexit party". The Guardian. Guardian News and Media.
- ^ Sparrow, Andrew (23 April 2019). "Labour and No 10 blame each other for lack of progress in talks on Brexit compromise – as it happened". The Guardian. Guardian News and Media.
- ^ Elgot, Jessica (13 April 2019). "Brexit: pro-EU parties to use European elections as 'soft referendum'". The Guardian. Guardian News and Media. Retrieved 21 April 2019.
- ^ Hyde, Marina (19 April 2019). "Only remainers could snatch defeat from the jaws of victory like this". The Guardian. Guardian News and Media.
- ^ a b "Newsnight, BBC2, 23 Apr 2019". BBC News. 23 April 2019.
- ^ "Lib Dems attack other anti-Brexit parties for refusing to fight on joint ticket for European elections". The Independent. 17 April 2019.
- ^ Sparrow, Andrew (23 April 2019). "Labour and No 10 blame each other for lack of progress in talks on Brexit compromise – as it happened". The Guardian. Guardian News and Media.
- ^ a b Girling, Julie (22 April 2019). "Why I wont be standing in the European Elections". @JulieGirling – via Twitter.
- ^ "Greens vow to be 'tough on Brexit and its causes' at EU election campaign launch". ITV News. 8 May 2019.
- ^ a b "Lib Dems launch 'stop Brexit' Euro campaign". BBC News. 26 April 2019.
- ^ Walker, Peter; Mason, Rowena (9 April 2019). "Labour and Tories reluctantly prepare for European elections". The Guardian.
- ^ "Change UK approved for European elections". BBC News. 16 April 2019.
- ^ "Renew Party moves to support The Independent Group". Renew Party. 15 April 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
- ^ Sparrow, Andrew (23 April 2019). "Labour and No 10 blame each other for lack of progress in talks on Brexit compromise – as it happened". The Guardian. Guardian News and Media.
- ^ Suzanne Breen (17 April 2019). "DUP's Euro voters can send May a message to 'get on with Brexit': Dodds". Belfast Telegraph. Independent News & Media.
- ^ Peter Walker (3 May 2019). "Tories and Labour suffer Brexit backlash as Lib Dems gain in local elections". The Guardian. Guardian News and Media.
- ^ Stephen Bush (3 May 2019). "Liberal Democrats and Greens surge to victory as Conservatives suffer landslide defeat". New Statesman.
- ^ "Opinion: Lib Dems have been rewarded for opposing Brexit – just like they were on Iraq". The Independent. 3 May 2019.
- ^ "NI council elections: Alliance hails 'breakthrough' NI vote". BBC News. 4 May 2019.
- ^ "Actor Sir Tony Robinson quits Labour". BBC News. 3 May 2019.
- ^ Albert Evans (8 May 2019). "European elections 2019: Michael Heseltine says he won't 'betray my country' by voting Tory if candidate is a Brexiteer". i News. ESI Media. Retrieved 8 May 2019.
- ^ "Labour's Plan for Brexit". The Labour Party.
- ^ Stewart, Heather (30 April 2019). ""The NEC agreed the manifesto which will be fully in line with Labour's existing policy; to support Labour's alternative plan, and if we can't get the necessary changes to the government's deal, or a General Election, to back the option of a public vote"". @GuardianHeather – via Twitter.
- ^ Giles Sheldrick (4 May 2019). "Farage's revolution REVEALED: Plan for Westminster shock - 'This is NOT just about Brexit'". Express.co.uk. Express Newspapers.
- ^ "Nigel Farage launches Brexit Party". BBC News. 12 April 2019.
- ^ "Policies - Brexit". UK Independence Party (UKIP).
- ^ "Green Party calls for People's Poll to reverse 'calamitous Brexit'". The Green Party. 3 March 2018.
- ^ a b "What is the SNP's plan for Brexit?". Scottish National Party. 24 January 2017.
- ^ "Brexit". Liberal Democrats. 17 April 2018.
- ^ McCormack, Jayne (17 January 2019). "What is DUP's Brexit talks hope?". BBC News.
- ^ "Independence referendum for Wales if Brexit goes ahead without People's Vote". Plaid Cymru (The Party of Wales). 26 April 2019.
- ^ "Brexit Section". Plaid Cymru (The Party of Wales.
- ^ Stewart, Heather; O'Carroll, Lisa (13 February 2019). "No-deal Brexit would lead to vote on united Ireland, says Sinn Féin". The Guardian. Guardian News and Media.
- ^ "Brexit". Sinn Féin.
- ^ Chris Hazzard (16 March 2019). "DUP need to realise Withdrawal Agreement is only way to avoid crash-out Brexit - Hazzard". Sinn Féin.
- ^ O'Halloran, Marie. "Dáil passes motion in support of draft Brexit withdrawl deal". The Irish Times.
- ^ "Agreeing to the backstop was a huge strategic error - Nicholson". Ulster Unionist Party. 15 November 2018.
- ^ O'Halloran, Marie (17 November 2018). "Brexit: Ulster Unionist Party chief critical of Government's Brexit stance". The Irish Times.
- ^ Ben Kelly (27 April 2019). "Northern Ireland must use EU elections as 'people's vote' on Brexit, says SDLP leader". The Independent. ESI Media.
- ^ Colum Eastwood MLA (16 January 2019). "Letter to Theresa May". SDLP.
- ^ "Now is time for a People's Vote on Brexit, says Long". Alliance Party. 15 January 2019. Retrieved 29 April 2019.
- ^ Jayne McCormack (17 April 2019). "Alliance Party urges break from orange and green". BBC News. Retrieved 29 April 2019.
- ^ "The Betrayal of Brexit". TUV. 5 April 2019. Retrieved 29 April 2019.
- ^ Jayne McCormack (16 March 2019). "Letter to Theresa May". BBC News. Retrieved 29 April 2019.
- ^ Gina Miller (9 May 2019). "Want to stop Nigel Farage storming the European elections? Then vote tactically". The Guardian.
- ^ "Home page". Remain United. Retrieved 9 May 2019.
- ^ Singh, Matt (28 February 2019). "How Britain would vote in the European election". Politico. Retrieved 17 March 2019.
- ^ "NI Euro Election - 23/5 (if it happens!): LT will be running 2 major NI Tracker polls (a) 3rd-6th May (results 8th/9th May) & (b) 16th-18th May (results 20th/21st May)". @LucidTalk. 12 April 2019 – via Twitter.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Pyne, Holly (24 April 2019). "EU elections: The full list of MEP candidates". Talk Radio. Wireless Group.
- ^ Arnott, Jonathan (25 April 2019). "Why I won't stand for re-election as an MEP". Jonathan Arnott MEP. Retrieved 26 April 2019.
- ^ Parsons, Rob (13 April 2019). "Yorkshire MEPs Linda McAvan and Jane Collins won't stand in May's European Parliament elections". Yorkshire Press. JPI Media.
- ^ Powell, Luke (9 April 2019). "Tory MEP will not stand in European elections due to Brexit delay". Eastern Daily Press. Archant Media.
- ^ a b "Two MEPs won't run in Euro elections". BBC News. 15 April 2019.
- ^ a b Jude Kirton-Darling (14 April 2019). "Lucy Anderson, Mary Honeyball & Linda McAvan aren't restanding for Labour". @Jude_KD – via Twitter.
- ^ O'Flynn, Patrick (9 April 2019). "No I'm not. I won't be standing at the European election. I will stand for @TheSDPUK at the Peterborough by-election". @OFlynnMEP. Retrieved 15 April 2019 – via Twitter.
- ^ Gordon, Tom (18 April 2019). "Brussels vacancy opens up as SNP MEP retires". The Herald. Herald & Times Group.