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{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2015}}
{{current disaster|event=earthquake|severity=major|time=recent}}
{{current disaster|event=earthquake|severity=major|time=recent}}
{{Infobox earthquake|url=http://www.cctv-america.com/2015/04/25/chinese-rescue-team-to-depart-for-shaken-devastated-nepal#ixzz3YMNuRQ5d |accessdate=25 April 2015 |work=CCTV |date=25 April 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=中国国际救援队出发 尼泊尔驻华大使感叹患难之交 |language=Chinese |url=http://gb.cri.cn/42071/2015/04/26/6351s4943191.htm|accessdate=26 April 2015 |work=CRI |date=26 April 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=中国国际救援队飞赴尼泊尔震区 精选6条搜救犬|language=Chinese|url=http://video.sina.com.cn/p/news/c/v/2015-04-26/074764879167.html?opsubject_id=top1 |work=CCTV |date=26 April 2015}}</ref> On 26 April, the Chinese government announced that it will provide [[Renminbi|CNY]] 20 million ([[United States dollar|USD]] 3.3 million) in humanitarian aid in the form of tents, blankets and generators.<ref>{{cite news|title=China offers 20 mln yuan in humanitarian aid to quake-hit Nepal|url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2015-04/26/c_134186099.htm |work=Xinhua |date=26 April 2015}}</ref> The Chinese embassy in Nepal launched an emergency response mechanism to help with the Chinese nationals injured in the disaster.<ref>{{cite news|title=China prepares relief supplies for quake-hit Nepal|url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2015-04/26/c_134184369.htm |work=Xinhua |date=25 April 2015}}</ref>
{{Infobox earthquake
| title = 2015 Nepal earthquake
| date = {{Start date|df=yes|2015|04|25}}
| origintime = 11:56:26 [[Nepal Standard Time|NST]]<ref name=USGS>{{cite web|url=http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us20002926|title=M7.8 – 29&nbsp;km ESE of Lamjung, Nepal|publisher=[[United States Geological Survey]]|date=25 April 2015|accessdate=25 April 2015}}</ref>
| image =
| image alt =
| caption =
| map2 = {{Location map+ | Nepal
|places =
{{Location map~| Nepal |lat= 28.147 |long= 84.708 |mark=Bullseye1.png|marksize= 70}}
{{Location map~|Nepal|lat= 27.7 |long=85.3 |label=Kathmandu|position=bottom|mark=Green pog.svg}}
| relief = yes
| width = 250
| float = right
| caption = }}
| magnitude = 7.8 [[Moment magnitude scale|M<sub>w</sub>]]<ref name= USGS />
| intensity = [[Mercalli intensity scale|IX (''Violent'')]]<ref name= USGS />
| tsunami =
| aftershocks = 6.6 M<sub>w</sub> on 25 April at 12:30<ref name=usgs2/> <br> 6.7 M<sub>w</sub> on 26 April at 12:54<ref name="earthquake.usgs.gov">{{cite web|url=http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us200029bt#general_summary|title=M6.7 - 17km S of Kodari, Nepal|work=usgs.gov}}</ref>
| depth = {{convert|15.0|km|mi|0|sp=us}}<ref name= USGS />
| location = {{Coord| 28.147 |N| 84.708 |E|display=inline,title}}<ref name= USGS />
| type = [[Thrust fault|Thrust]]<ref name= USGS />
| countries affected = {{bulleted list|[[Nepal]]|[[Northern India]]|[[Northeast India]]|[[China]] ([[Tibet Autonomous Region]])|[[Bangladesh]]|[[Bhutan]]}}
| casualties = 3,309 dead<ref>http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/nepal-earthquake-death-toll-rises-to-3218-police/article7145680.ece</ref>
|damage = $3.5 billion direct losses<ref>{{cite web |url=http://earthquake-report.com/2015/04/25/massive-earthquake-nepal-on-april-25-2015/ |title=Deadly earthquake Nepal – At least 1,989 people killed – very strong new earthquake East of Kathmandu |work=Earthquake-Report.com |last1=Vervaeck |first1=Armand |last2=Daniell |first2=James |date=26 April 2015}}</ref>
}}

The '''2015 Nepal earthquake''' (also referred to as the '''Himalayan earthquake''')<ref>{{cite news|author1=Cindy Tran|author2=Liam Quinn|title=Desperate families of DOZENS of Australians unaccounted in the deadly Himalayan earthquake disaster take to social media with pleas for help finding their loved ones|url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3055268/If-know-pray-sister-Family-Australian-orphanage-worker-missing-huge-earthquake-rocks-Nepal-killing-700-desperate-news-loved-one.html|accessdate=26 April 2015|work=Daily Mail|date=25 April 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|author1=Chidanand Rajghatta|title=s this the 'Big Himalayan Quake' we feared?|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/world/south-asia/Is-this-the-Big-Himalayan-Quake-we-feared/articleshow/47055477.cms|accessdate=26 April 2015|work=The Times of India|date=26 April 2015}}</ref> occurred at {{tooltip|11:56 NST|06:11:26 UTC; NST—Nepal Standard Time}} on 25 April with a [[moment magnitude scale|moment magnitude]] (M<sub>w</sub>) of 7.8 and a maximum [[Mercalli intensity scale|Mercalli Intensity]] of IX (''Violent''). Its [[epicenter]] was approximately {{convert|34|km|mi|abbr=on}} east-southeast of [[Lamjung District|Lamjung]], [[Nepal]], and its [[hypocenter]] was at a depth of approximately {{convert|15|km|mi|abbr=on}}.<ref name= USGS /> It is the most powerful disaster to strike Nepal since the [[1934 Nepal–Bihar earthquake]]. Over 3,200&nbsp;people are known to have died as a result, with casualties reported in Nepal and adjoining areas of [[India]], [[China]], and [[Bangladesh]].

The earthquake triggered an avalanche on [[Mount Everest]], killing at least 17. The death toll surpassed that of the [[2014 Mount Everest avalanche]], making it the most lethal day on the mountain.<ref>{{cite news|title=First survivors of Mount Everest avalanche reach Kathmandu|url=http://www.foxnews.com/world/2015/04/26/8-dead-as-quake-triggered-avalanche-sweeps-everest-in-nepal/|accessdate=26 April 2015|agency=The Associated Press|publisher=Fox News|date=26 April 2015}}</ref> Centuries-old buildings were destroyed at [[UNESCO]] [[World Heritage Sites|World Heritage sites]] in the [[Kathmandu Valley]], including some at the [[Kathmandu Durbar Square]].

Continued [[aftershock]]s occurred throughout Nepal, with one shock reaching a magnitude of 6.7 on 26 April at 12:54:08 [[Nepal Standard Time|NST]].<ref name="earthquake.usgs.gov"/>

== Tectonic setting ==
[[File:Himalayan Tectonic Summary.png|thumb|left|270px|Map of the tectonic setting in the Himalayan region]]
Nepal lies towards the southern limit of the diffuse [[continental collision|collisional]] boundary where the [[Indian Plate]] [[thrust tectonics|underthrusts]] the [[Eurasian Plate]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Why Nepal is so vulnerable to quakes|url=http://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-32462763}}</ref> The convergence rate between the plates in central Nepal is about {{convert|45|mm|abbr=on}} per year. The location, magnitude and [[focal mechanism]] of the earthquake suggest that it was caused by a slip along the [[Geology of Nepal|Main Frontal Thrust]].<ref name= USGS /> The earthquake's effects were amplified in Kathmandu as it is sited on the Kathmandu Basin, which contains up to {{convert|600|m|abbr=on}} of [[sedimentary rock]]s, representing the infilling of a lake.<ref name="Mugnier et al 2011">{{cite journal | url=http://www.researchgate.net/profile/Pascale_Huyghe/publication/252784985_Seismites_in_the_Kathmandu_basin_and_seismic_hazard_in_central_Himalaya/links/00b7d52df79d99e789000000.pdf | title=Seismites in the Kathmandu basin and seismic hazard in central Himalaya | author=Mughier J.L., Huyghe P., Gajurel A.P., Upreti B.N. & Jouanne F. | journal=Tectonophysics | year=2011 | volume=509 | issue=1–2 | pages=33–49 | doi=10.1016/j.tecto.2011.05.012| last2=Huyghe | last3=Gajurel | last4=Upreti | last5=Jouanne | bibcode=2011Tectp.509...33M }}</ref>

==Earthquake==
[[File:U.S. Geological Survey 2015 Nepal Earthquake and aftershock map.png|thumb|250px|Map of the earthquake and its aftershocks]]
The earthquake occurred on 25 April 2015 at 11:56 [[Nepal Standard Time|NST]] (6:11:26 UTC) at a depth of approximately {{convert|15|km|mi|abbr=on}}, with its [[epicenter]] approximately {{convert|34|km|mi|abbr=on}} east-southeast of [[Lamjung District|Lamjung]], [[Nepal]], lasting approximately twenty seconds.<ref name=alj>{{cite web|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2015/04/powerful-earthquake-hits-nepal-150425063918183.html|title=Powerful earthquake hits Nepal|publisher = Al Jazeera|accessdate= 25 April 2015}}</ref>
The earthquake was initially reported as 7.5 M<sub>w</sub> by the [[United States Geological Survey]] (USGS) before it was quickly upgraded to 7.9 M<sub>w</sub> and finally downgraded to 7.8 M<sub>w</sub>. The [[China Earthquake Networks Center]] (CENC) reported the earthquake's magnitude to be 8.1 M<sub>s</sub>. The [[India Meteorological Department]] (IMD) said two powerful quakes were registered in Nepal at 06:11 UTC and 06:45 UTC. The first quake measured 7.9 M<sub>w</sub> and its epicenter was identified at a distance of 80&nbsp;km to the northwest of the capital Kathmandu. The second earthquake was somewhat less powerful at 6.6 M<sub>w</sub>. The seismic focus lay at a depth of {{convert|10|km|abbr=on}} below the earth's surface. [[Bharatpur, Nepal|Bharatpur]] was the nearest major city to the earthquake, {{convert|53|km|mi|abbr=on}} from the epicenter; this second earthquake occurred {{convert|81|km|mi|abbr=on}} northwest of [[Kathmandu]], the capital of Nepal. Over thirty-five aftershocks of magnitude 4.5 M<sub>w</sub> or greater occurred following the initial earthquake, including one of magnitude 6.6 M<sub>w</sub>, which occurred a few minutes after the earthquake.<ref name="earthNP">{{cite web|title=1 Day, Magnitude 2.5+ Worldwide|url=http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/map/#%7B%22feed%22%3A%221day_m25%22%2C%22search%22%3Anull%2C%22listFormat%22%3A%22default%22%2C%22sort%22%3A%22newest%22%2C%22basemap%22%3A%22grayscale%22%2C%22autoUpdate%22%3Atrue%2C%22restrictListToMap%22%3Atrue%2C%22timeZone%22%3A%22utc%22%2C%22mapposition%22%3A%5B%5B24.666986385216273%2C80.145263671875%5D%2C%5B30.80791068136646%2C91.636962890625%5D%5D%2C%22overlays%22%3A%7B%22plates%22%3Atrue%7D%2C%22viewModes%22%3A%7B%22list%22%3Atrue%2C%22map%22%3Atrue%2C%22settings%22%3Afalse%2C%22help%22%3Afalse%7D%7D|accessdate=25 April 2015}}</ref>

Risk of a large earthquake was well known. In 2013, [[The Hindu]] interviewed seismologist Vinod Kumar Gaur. He was quoted saying “Calculations show that there is sufficient accumulated energy [in the MFT], now to produce an 8 magnitude earthquake. I cannot say when. It may not happen tomorrow, but it could possibly happen sometime this century, or wait longer to produce a much larger one.”<ref>
http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/was-this-the-big-earthquake-that-was-predicted-in-the-himalayas/article7141086.ece</ref>

===Intensity===
[[File:2015 Nepal earthquake ShakeMap version 6.png|thumb|left|Nepal earthquake ShakeMap]]
According to "Did You Feel It?" (DYFI) responses on the [[United States Geological Survey|USGS]] website, the intensity in Kathmandu was IX (''Violent'').<ref name="USGS" /> Tremors were felt in the neighboring Indian states of [[Bihar]], [[Uttar Pradesh]], [[Assam]], [[West Bengal]], [[Sikkim]], [[Uttarakhand]], [[Odisha]], [[Andhra Pradesh]], [[Karnataka]], [[Gujarat]]<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.india.com/news/india/andhra-pradesh-earthquake-update-aftershocks-of-nepal-earthquake-felt-in-visakhapatnam-godavari-and-srikakulam-districts-364014/ |title=Andhra Pradesh earthquake update: Aftershocks of Nepal Earthquake felt in Visakhapatnam, Godavari and Srikakulam districts}}</ref> and in the Indian capital region around [[National Capital Region (India)|New Delhi]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Delhi/tremors-felt-in-delhi-and-nearby-areas/article7140979.ece |title=Tremors felt in Delhi, Metro services briefly disrupted}}</ref> Many buildings were brought down in Bihar. Minor cracks in the walls of houses were reported in Odisha. Minor quakes were registered as far as [[Kochi]] in the southern state of [[Kerala]]. The intensity in [[Patna]] was V (''Moderate'').<ref>{{cite news |title=Massive 7.9 Earthquake jolts Bihar, North India and Nepal |url=http://news.biharprabha.com/2015/04/massive-7-7-earthquake-jolts-bihar-north-india-and-nepal/ |accessdate=25 April 2015 |publisher=news.biharprabha.com |date=25 April 2015}}</ref> The intensity was IV (''Light'') in [[Dhaka]], [[Bangladesh]], per <abbr title="Did You Feel It?">DYFI</abbr> responses on the USGS site.<ref name="USGS" /> The earthquake was also experienced across southwestern [[China]], ranging from the [[Tibet Autonomous Region]] to [[Chengdu]], which is {{convert|1900|km|mi|abbr=on}} away from the epicenter.<ref>{{Cite web |url= http://www.chinanews.com/gn/2015/04-25/7233529.shtml |title=尼泊尔8.1级地震致中国西藏震感强烈有房屋倒塌 |language=Mandarin |date=25 April 2015 |accessdate=25 April 2015 |agency=China News}}</ref> Tremors were also felt in [[Pakistan]]<ref name=Hjelmgaard>{{cite news|author1=Kim Hjelmgaard|title=Nepal hit by major aftershock as search for quake survivors intensifies|url=http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/world/2015/04/26/earthquake-nepal-aid-rescue-teams/26401907/|accessdate=26 April 2015|work=USA Today|date=26 April 2015}}</ref> and [[Bhutan]].<ref name="USGS" />

===Impact===
<!--This table lists a general death toll by number of casualties in each country where the earthquake extended to; If a foregin citizen died in Nepal, then this should be added to the Nepalese death toll.-->

{| class="wikitable" style="float:right; clear:right; margin-left:7px; margin-top:0px; margin-right:0px;"
|-
! colspan=2|Deaths !! Injuries !! Ref.
|-
| {{flagicon|Nepal}} [[Nepal]]
| 3,218 ||6,492||<ref name=Reuters/>
|-
| {{flagicon|India}} [[India]]
| 67 || 259 || <ref name=Reuters/><ref name="ht52">{{cite news|agency= |work=The Financial Express|date=25 April 2015|accessdate=25 April 2015|title=Strong earthquake tremors of 6.9 magnitude jolts Delhi-NCR, toll climbs to 57|url=http://www.financialexpress.com/article/miscellaneous/fresh-earthquake-tremors-jolts-delhi-ncr/67015/}}</ref>
|-
| {{flagicon|China}} [[China]]<!-- DO NOT change into Tibet, it is not part of the list of sovereign states on the wikipedia page-->
| 20 || 58 || <ref name="Xinhua">{{cite web| url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2015-04/27/c_134186185.htm | title= Xinhua Insight: At least 20 dead, 58 injured in Tibet following Nepal earthquake | publisher=Xinhua News Agency| accessdate=26 April 2015}}</ref>
|-
| {{flagicon|Bangladesh}} [[Bangladesh]]
| 4 || 200 ||<ref name="Bdnews24.com">{{cite news| url=http://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/2015/04/27/4-killed-18-bangladesh-districts-affected-in-earthquake-says-govt| title=4 killed, 18 Bangladesh districts affected in earthquake, says govt| publisher=Bdnews24.com |accessdate=26 April 2015}}</ref>
|-

| '''Total''' || '''3,309''' || '''7,009''' ||
|}
According to Nepal police spokesman Kamal Singh Bam, at least 2,500 people were killed and 6,911 injured in Nepal alone.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/live/2015/apr/26/nepal-earthquake-death-toll-exceeds-1500-rolling-report |title=Nepal earthquake: death toll approaches 2,000 as rescue attempts continue – rolling report |work=The Guardian |last=Farrell |first=Paul |date=26 April 2015}}</ref>

The earthquake triggered an [[avalanche]] on [[Mount Everest]], killing at least 17 people at [[Everest Base Camp|South Base Camp]].<ref name="Sharma">{{cite news |author=Gopal Sharma |title=Seventeen bodies found at Everest base camp: Official |agency=Reuters |publisher=The Toronto Sun |url=http://www.torontosun.com/2015/04/25/seventeen-bodies-found-at-everest-base-camp-official |date=April 25, 2015}}</ref><ref name=Graun>{{cite news |last1=Beaumont |first1=Peter |title=Deadly Everest avalanche triggered by Nepal earthquake |url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/apr/25/deadly-everest-avalanche-triggered-by-nepal-earthquake |accessdate=25 April 2015 |work=The Guardian |date=25 April 2015}}</ref> An [[Indian Army]] mountaineering team recovered the bodies of 19 mountaineers from Everest base camp and rescued at least 61 stranded climbers from Mount Everest.<ref name="auto2">{{cite web|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2015/04/25/asia/nepal-earthquake-everest/|title='Huge disaster': Hikers around Everest run for lives, treat injured|work=CNN}}</ref><ref name="auto3">{{cite web|url=http://www.itv.com/news/update/2015-04-25/indian-army-18-bodies-found-on-everest-after-quake/|title=Nepal earthquake: Over 1,900 dead as search for survivors continues|work=iTV.com}}</ref><ref name="auto4">{{cite web|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-indian-army-s-expedition-team-rescues-61-climbers-from-mount-everest-2080899|title=Indian Army's expedition team rescues 61 climbers from Mount Everest|work=DNA India}}</ref> [[Google]] engineer [[Dan Fredinburg]], climbing with three other company employees while mapping the area for a future [[Google Earth]]-type project, was among the casualties.<ref name=NYTFredinburg>{{cite news|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2015/04/26/business/google-adventurer-dies-on-mt-everest.html|date=April 25, 2015|accessdate=April 25, 2015|title=‘Google Adventurer’ Dies on Mt. Everest|work=[[New York Times]]|author=Conor Dougherty}}</ref> From 700 to more than 1,000 people were thought to be on the mountain at the time, with at least 61 injured, "dozens" missing, and many more initially stranded at camps at higher altitudes, having lost secure descent routes.<ref name=Graun/><ref name=Sharma/><ref name=USAtoday1>{{cite news|url=http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/world/2015/04/26/mountaineers-guides-everest-avalanche/26410705/|title=Mount Everest avalanche survivor: 'I had to survive'|date=April 26, 2015|accessdate=April 26, 2015|author=Gregory Korte and Aamer Madhani|work=[[USA Today]]}}</ref><ref>[http://news.yahoo.com/avalanche-sweeps-everest-nepal-30-injured-101133601.html Avalanche sweeps Everest base camp, killing 17, injuring 61], AP, TIM SULLIVAN and BINAJ GURUBACHARYA, April 25, 2015</ref><ref name=PostEverest>{{cite news|url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/news/morning-mix/wp/2015/04/25/massive-avalanche-slams-into-everest-base-camp-following-nepal-earthquake/|title=Massive avalanche slams into Everest base camp following Nepal earthquake|date=April 25, 2015|accessdate=April 25, 2015|author=Peter Holley|work=[[Washington Post]]}}</ref><ref name=USATodayEverest>{{cite news|url=http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/world/2015/04/25/mount-everest-climbers-mazur/26355255/|title=At least 10 dead, others missing as Nepal quake rocks Mount Everest|date=April 25, 2015|accessdate=April 25, 2015|author=Melanie Eversley and Tom Vanden Brook|work=[[USA Today]]}}</ref> Mount Everest is approximately {{conv|220|km|mile}} east of the epicentre.

Helicopters of the [[Indian Air Force]] reached Mount Everest on the morning of April 26 for rescue operations,<ref name="auto5">{{cite web|url=http://www.firstpost.com/india/live-first-rescue-plane-lands-at-kathmandu-airport-with-15-injured-from-mt-everest-avalanche-2212618.html|title=Live: First rescue plane lands at Kathmandu airport with 15 injured from Mt. Everest avalanche|work=firstpost.com}}</ref> managing to transport 22 of the badly injured to [[Pheriche]] village, before the operation was halted by bad weather.<ref name=NYTAvalanche>{{cite news |url=http://www.nytimes.com/2015/04/26/world/asia/everest-climbers-killed-as-nepal-quake-sets-off-avalanche.html |date=April 25, 2015 |accessdate=April 25, 2015 |author=Gardiner Harris |work=[[New York Times]] |title=At Least 10 Everest Climbers Killed as Nepal Quake Sets Off Avalanche}}</ref> Pheriche is an important stopover for climbers, and has a rudimentary hospital usually staffed by locals and foreign volunteers. Later that day, a helicopter reportedly evacuated several climbers from Everest Camp 1, the first stage above Base Camp, with some 100 mountaineers still unable to safely descend from Camp 1 and 2.<ref name=ReutersEvacuation>{{cite news|author=Sanjeev Miglani|date=April 26, 2015|accessdate=April 26, 2015|url=http://news.yahoo.com/seventeen-bodies-recovered-worst-everest-disaster-030022373.html|title=Injured flown from Everest, aftershock triggers new avalanches|work=[[Reuters]]}}</ref>

The [[Tribhuvan International Airport]] serving Kathmandu was closed immediately after the quake, but was re-opened later in the day for relief operations, with commercial flights planned to resume on April 26.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.abplive.in/World/2015/04/25/article568316.ece/Kathmandu-airport-shut-flights-to-resume-from-Sunday |title=Kathmandu airport shut, flights to resume from Sunday |publisher=ABP Live |date=April 25, 2015 |accessdate=April 26, 2015}}</ref>

[[File:KATHMANDU NEPAL FEB 2013 (8581665041).jpg|thumb|left|150px|The [[Dharahara]] before the earthquake]]
Buildings in the [[UNESCO]] [[World Heritage Site]] of [[Kathmandu Durbar Square]] collapsed,<ref name=alj/> as did the [[Dharahara]] tower, built in 1832, killing at least 180 people,<ref>{{cite web|title=Historic Tower Collapses In Nepal Earthquake|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2015/04/25/dharahara-tower-nepal-earthquake_n_7142484.html|website=The Huffington Post|accessdate=25 April 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|author1=Deepak Nagpal|title=LIVE: Two major quakes rattle Nepal; historic Dharahara Tower collapses, deaths reported in India|url=http://zeenews.india.com/news/india/live-two-major-quakes-rattle-nepal-historic-dharahara-tower-collapses-deaths-reported-in-india_1584785.html|accessdate=25 April 2015|work=[[Zee News]]|date=25 April 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Historic Dharahara tower collapses in Kathmandu after earthquake|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/world/report-historic-dharahara-tower-collapses-in-kathmandu-after-quake-2080587|accessdate=25 April 2015|date=25 April 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/world/south-asia/180-bodies-retrieved-from-debris-of-Nepals-historic-tower/articleshow/47051438.cms |title=180 bodies retrieved from debris of Nepal's historic tower}}</ref> and [[Manakamana]] Temple located in Gorkha. The northern side of [[Janaki Mandir]] has been reported to be damaged.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://rt.com/news/252965-earthquake-nepal-india-damage/|publisher=RT|title=Nearly 700 killed after 7.9-magnitude earthquake strikes Nepal|date=25 April 2015|accessdate=25 April 2015}}</ref> Several temples, including [[Kasthamandap]], Panchtale temple, the nine-storey Basantapur Durbar, the Dasa Avtar temple, Krishna Mandir and two dewals located behind the Shiva Parvati temple, were demolished by the quake. A few other monuments, including the Kumari Temple and the Taleju Bhawani, among others, have partially collapsed. The top of the Jay Bageshwori Temple in Gaushala and some parts of the [[Pashupatinath Temple]], [[Swyambhunath]], [[Boudhanath]] Stupa, Ratna Mandir, inside Rani Pokhari, and [[Durbar High School]] have been destroyed.<ref name="auto1">{{Cite web|url=http://www.nationmultimedia.com/breakingnews/Historical-monuments-lost-forever-30258805.html|publisher=The Nation|title=Historical monuments lost forever|date=26 April 2015|accessdate=26 April 2015}}</ref>

In Patan, the Char Narayan Mandir, the statue of Yog Narendra Malla, a pati inside Patan Durbar Square, the Taleju Temple, the Hari Shanker and Uma Maheshwor Temple and the Machhindranath Temple in Bungmati were destroyed. In Tripureshwor, the Kal Mochan Ghat, a temple inspired by Mughal architecture, was completely destroyed and the nearby Tripura Sundari also suffered significant damage.<ref name="auto1"/> In Bhaktapur, several monuments, including the Fasi Deva temple, the Chardham temple and the 17th century Vatsala Durga Temple, were fully or partially destroyed.<ref name="auto1"/>

At the Valley, the [[Manakamana]] Temple in Gorkha, the Gorkha Durbar, the Palanchowk Bhagwati, in [[Kavrepalanchowk District]], the [[Rani Mahal]] in [[Palpa District]], the [[Janaki Mandir]] in [[Janakpur]], the [[Churiyamai]] in [[Makwanpur District]], the Dolakha Bhimsensthan in [[Dolakha District]], and the Nuwakot Durbar were partially destroyed.<ref name="auto1"/>

Historian Prushottam Lochan Shrestha stated, "We have lost most of the monuments that had been designated as World Heritage Sites in [[Kathmandu]], [[Bhaktapur]] and [[Lalitpur District, Nepal]]. They cannot be restored to their original states."<ref name="auto1"/>

{{Multiple image
| align = right
| direction = horizontal
| image1 = Kathmandu Durbar Square, Nepal.JPG
| image2 = Nepal earthquake 001.jpg
| width = 180
| footer = [[Kathmandu Durbar Square]] before and after the earthquake
}}

On Mount Everest, several hundred trekkers were attempting an ascent when the earthquake struck, setting off avalanches, according to climbers there.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.nytimes.com/2015/04/26/world/asia/nepal-earthquake-katmandu.html/|title=Earthquake Devastates Nepal, Killing More Than 1,900|publisher=NY Times |date=April 26, 2015 |accessdate=April 26, 2015}}</ref> The avalanche on Saturday rumbled down the treacherous [[Khumbu Icefall]] and slammed into the mountaineering base camp, killing at least 17 climbers and injuring at least 37 others, Nepalese officials said.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2015/04/25/world/asia/nepal-earthquake-maps.html|title=Extent of the Damage From the Nepal Earthquake|publisher=NY Times |date=April 26, 2015 |accessdate=April 26, 2015}}</ref>

===Aftershocks===

A major aftershock of magnitude 6.7 M<sub>w</sub> occurred on 26 April 2015 in the same region at 12:45 NST (07:09 UTC), with an epicenter located about {{convert|17|km|abbr=on}} south of [[Kodari]], Nepal.<ref name=Hjelmgaard/><ref>{{cite news|title=Fresh Tremors in North India, Including Delhi, a Day After Nepal Earthquake|url=http://www.ndtv.com/india-news/fresh-tremors-in-north-india-including-delhi-a-day-after-nepal-earthquake-758240|accessdate=26 April 2015|work=NDTV|date=26 April 2015}}</ref> The aftershock caused fresh avalanches on Mount Everest and was felt in many places in northern India.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2015/04/26/asia/nepal-earthquake/|title=Major aftershock hits Nepal day after devastating earthquake|accessdate=26 April 2015|work=CNN|date=26 April 2015|location=Kathmandu, Nepal}}</ref> Tremors were felt in most parts of north and northeast India including [[Kolkata]], [[Siliguri]] and [[Assam]]. Minutes after the first aftershock, Nepal felt another measuring 5.0 in magnitude.<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/world/neighbours/live-nepal-continues-to-battle-amid-fear-death-toll-still-rising/|publisher=The Indian Express|title=LIVE: Death toll rises to 2200 in Nepal earthquake, India resumes rescue ops|date=26 April 2015|accessdate=26 April 2015}}</ref>

A model of GeoGateway, based on a USGS mechanism, of a near-horizontal fault and location of aftershocks showed, that the fault was an 11° dip striking at 295°, 50 km wide, 150 km long, and had a dip slip of 3 m.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://ds.iris.edu/ds/nodes/dmc/specialevents/2015/04/25/nepal/ |title=IRIS: Special Event: Nepal |work=iris.edu}}</ref> The [[US Geological Survey]] says the aftershock on Sunday registered at a shallow depth of 10 kilometers (6 miles).<ref name="auto"/>

Aftershocks were also felt in Bihar, India on 26 Apr 2015 at 12:30 (IST) and 22:50 (IST).

==Response==

===Nations===
*{{flag|Algeria}} — According to Xinhua News Agency, Algeria has dispatched 70 relief workers, medicines, and other supplies to Nepal.<ref>{{cite news |title=Algeria sends rescuers, drugs to quake-hit Nepal |work=Xinhua News Agency (via Global Post) |date=26 April 2015 |accessdate=26 April 2015 |url=http://www.globalpost.com/article/6529251/2015/04/26/algeria-sends-rescuers-drugs-quake-hit-nepal}}</ref>
*{{Flag|Australia}} — Foreign Minister [[Julie Bishop]] announced an immediate [[Australian dollar|AUD]] 5 million aid package of life-saving humanitarian support to Nepal consisting of 2.5 million to assist Australian non-government organisations, 2.0 million to support United Nations partners, and 0.5 million to support the [[Australian Red Cross]].<ref>{{Cite web|title =Earthquake in Nepal |work=Minister for Foreign Affairs |url = http://www.foreignminister.gov.au/releases/Pages/2015/jb_mr_150426.aspx|date=26 April 2015|accessdate=26 April 2015}}</ref>
*{{Flag|Bangladesh}} — Prime Minister [[Sheikh Hasina]] expressed profound shock at the loss of lives in the earthquake<ref>{{cite news|title = PM shocked at loss of lives in tremor in Nepal, India, BD|url = http://unb.com.bd/pm-shocked-1|accessdate = 25 April 2015|work = [[United News of Bangladesh]]|date = 25 April 2015}}</ref> and sent a [[Bangladesh Air Force|BAF]] [[Lockheed C-130 Hercules|Lockheed C-130B]] aircraft with 10 tonnes of relief materials, including tents, dry food, water and blankets carrying a 34-member team consisting of 6 military medical teams and representatives of the [[Minister of Foreign Affairs (Bangladesh)|Foreign Ministry]]. The plane later left the teams in Nepal and returned with 50 Bangladeshi citizens, including stranded women, minors and the visiting under-14 female football team.<ref>{{cite news|title = Bangladesh to help Nepal in wake of devastating earthquake|url = http://bdnews24.com/neighbours/2015/04/25/bangladesh-to-help-nepal-in-wake-of-devastating-earthquake|website = bdnews24.com|accessdate = 2015-04-25}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title = BD Air Force aircraft reaches Nepal with relief materials|url = http://www.unb.com.bd/pm-nepal-lead|work = UNB News|date = 26 April 2015|accessdate = 26 April 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title = Bangladesh sends aid for Nepali earthquake victims|url = http://www.bdmilitary.com/bangladesh-sends-aid-nepal-earthquake-victims/|work = BDMilitary|accessdate = 26 April 2015}}</ref>
*{{flag|Bhutan}} — Bhutanese Prime Minister [[Tshering Tobgay]] expressed his condolences and solidarity with the people of Nepal through social media. Economic Affairs Minister Norbu Wangchuk also conveyed condolences. Wangchuk said that the celebration of World Intellectual Property was to be suspended in solidarity with the people of Nepal. Wangchuk added that there had been no major damages in Bhutan. Bhutanese King [[Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck]] will send a medical team of 63 people to Nepal.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://twitter.com/tsheringtobgay/status/592488408917770240|title=DeSuups loading supplies on special flight bound for Nepal. His Majesty has commanded 63-member medical team to assist in rescue and relief|work=Twitter.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title = Earthquake: Everything is fine in Bhutan, says minister|url = http://www.oneindia.com/international/earthquake-everything-is-fine-in-bhutan-says-minister-1727518.html|accessdate = 25 April 2015|work = OneIndia|date = 25 April 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Bhutan to dispatch medical team to Nepal|url=http://www.kuenselonline.com/no-reports-of-damage-or-injuries-so-far-government/#.VT2QPtKUdA0|accessdate=27 April 2015|publisher=Kuensel Online|date=25 April 2015}}</ref> Prime Minister Tobgay announced that Bhutan's National Flag would fly at half mast to mourn the loss of lives caused by the earthquake.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://twitter.com/tsheringtobgay/status/592488771112669185|title=Bhutan's National Flag will fly at half mast today to mourn the loss of lives caused by the massive earthquake on 25 April|work=Twitter.com}}</ref>
*{{flag|Brazil}} — The [[Ministry of External Relations (Brazil)|Brazilian Ministry of External Relations]] released a note expressing "deep sadness" and conveying its "condolences and solidarity to the families of the victims, the people and the Government of Nepal."<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.itamaraty.gov.br/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=9256&catid=42&Itemid=280&lang=pt-BR#eng |title= Earthquake in Nepal | publisher= Ministério das Relações Exteriores |accessdate=26 April 2015}}</ref>
*{{flag|Canada}} — Prime Minister [[Stephen Harper]] issued a statement offering “heartfelt condolences to the people of Nepal and northern India” and “wish[ing] a speedy recovery to all those injured”. The statement clarified that Canadian officials in the region were “working with Nepalese and Indian authorities” to locate and ensure the safety of any Canadians in the area, while also “cooperat[ing] with international partners [to] assess the needs of the affected populations to determine how Canada may most effectively assist with the disaster. We mourn with the people of Nepal and India in the aftermath of this terrible natural disaster and offer our help and our prayers."<ref>{{Cite web |title=Statement by the Prime Minister of Canada on the Nepal Earthquake |url=http://pm.gc.ca/eng/news/2015/04/25/statement-prime-minister-canada-nepal-earthquake |website=Prime Minister of Canada |date=25 April 2015 |accessdate = 2015-04-25}}</ref> Foreign Affairs Minister Rob Nicholson said Canada is reaching out to provide help to the country. "Canada will do everything it can to assist" and is contributing [[Canadian dollar|CAD]] 5 million to the relief efforts, as well as deploying elements of the country's [[Disaster Assistance Response Team|Disaster Assistance Response Team (DART)]] to Nepal to assess how to best help with the situation.<ref>{{cite news |title=Nepal Earthquake Kills More than 1,900 people |publisher=CBC |url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/world/nepal-earthquake-kills-more-than-1-900-people-1.3048792}}</ref> A DART advance group, consisting of 30 experts, departed for Nepal on the evening of 26 April.<ref>{{cite news |title=Nepal earthquake: 2,500 dead as aftershocks terrify survivors |work=CBC |date=26 April 2015 |accessdate=26 April 2015 |url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/world/nepal-earthquake-2-500-dead-as-aftershocks-terrify-survivors-1.3049305?cmp=rss}}</ref> At least 388 Canadians were registered as being in Nepal at the time of the earthquake; the exact number is unclear since traveller registration with the Canadian government is voluntary.<ref>{{cite news |title=At least 388 Canadians registered in earthquake devastated Nepal: officials |work=Global News |date=25 April 2015 |accessdate=25 April 2015 |url=http://globalnews.ca/news/1961121/at-least-388-canadians-registered-in-earthquake-devastated-nepal-officials/}}</ref>
*{{Flag|China}} — Premier [[Li Keqiang]] sent messages of condolences to the Prime Minister of Nepal, [[Sushil Koirala]], and pledged to offer assistance.<ref>{{cite web|title = Li Keqiang Nepal earthquake sent messages of condolences to the Prime Minister of Nepal|url = http://www.fireinews.com/news-9620928.html|accessdate = 25 April 2015|work = Fireinews|date = 25 April 2015}}</ref> [[Xi Jinping]], the President of China, sent his condolences to Nepalese President [[Ram Baran Yadav]] and pledged to offer assistance.<ref>{{cite web|title = Chinese President Xi Jinping sends condolences to Nepalese President Ram Baran Yadav after #Nepal quake; says China is ready to provide help|url = https://twitter.com/cctvnews/status/591983847119585280|accessdate = 25 April 2015|work = [[Twitter]]|date = 25 April 2015}}</ref> The China International Search and Rescue Team (CISAR) deployed 68 of its members, as well as 6 search and rescue dogs, to Nepal via chartered plane in the early morning of 26 April, [[Beijing]] time.<ref>{{cite news|title=Chinese rescue team to depart for shaken, devastated Nepal |url=http://www.cctv-america.com/2015/04/25/chinese-rescue-team-to-depart-for-shaken-devastated-nepal#ixzz3YMNuRQ5d |accessdate=25 April 2015 |work=CCTV |date=25 April 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=中国国际救援队出发 尼泊尔驻华大使感叹患难之交 |language=Chinese |url=http://gb.cri.cn/42071/2015/04/26/6351s4943191.htm|accessdate=26 April 2015 |work=CRI |date=26 April 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=中国国际救援队飞赴尼泊尔震区 精选6条搜救犬|language=Chinese|url=http://video.sina.com.cn/p/news/c/v/2015-04-26/074764879167.html?opsubject_id=top1 |work=CCTV |date=26 April 2015}}</ref> On 26 April, the Chinese government announced that it will provide [[Renminbi|CNY]] 20 million ([[United States dollar|USD]] 3.3 million) in humanitarian aid in the form of tents, blankets and generators.<ref>{{cite news|title=China offers 20 mln yuan in humanitarian aid to quake-hit Nepal|url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2015-04/26/c_134186099.htm |work=Xinhua |date=26 April 2015}}</ref> The Chinese embassy in Nepal launched an emergency response mechanism to help with the Chinese nationals injured in the disaster.<ref>{{cite news|title=China prepares relief supplies for quake-hit Nepal|url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2015-04/26/c_134184369.htm |work=Xinhua |date=25 April 2015}}</ref>
**{{flag|Hong Kong}} — Chief Executive [[CY Leung]] sent a letter of condolence to Nepalese President Ram Baran Yadav, to express his deepest sympathies to the victims of the disastrous earthquake in Nepal on behalf of Hong Kong Government and the people of Hong Kong.<ref>{{Cite web |title=CE expresses deepest sympathies for Nepal earthquake victims
**{{flag|Hong Kong}} — Chief Executive [[CY Leung]] sent a letter of condolence to Nepalese President Ram Baran Yadav, to express his deepest sympathies to the victims of the disastrous earthquake in Nepal on behalf of Hong Kong Government and the people of Hong Kong.<ref>{{Cite web |title=CE expresses deepest sympathies for Nepal earthquake victims
|url=http://www.info.gov.hk/gia/general/201504/26/P201504260527.htm|website=info.gov.hk|date=26 April 2015 |accessdate = 2015-04-26}}</ref>
|url=http://www.info.gov.hk/gia/general/201504/26/P201504260527.htm|website=info.gov.hk|date=26 April 2015 |accessdate = 2015-04-26}}</ref>

Revision as of 03:59, 27 April 2015

April 2015 Nepal earthquake
UTC time??

</ref>[1][2] On 26 April, the Chinese government announced that it will provide CNY 20 million (USD 3.3 million) in humanitarian aid in the form of tents, blankets and generators.[3] The Chinese embassy in Nepal launched an emergency response mechanism to help with the Chinese nationals injured in the disaster.[4]

    •  Hong Kong — Chief Executive CY Leung sent a letter of condolence to Nepalese President Ram Baran Yadav, to express his deepest sympathies to the victims of the disastrous earthquake in Nepal on behalf of Hong Kong Government and the people of Hong Kong.[5]
  •  Denmark — The government has sent DKK 5 million to Nepal, and Development Minister Mogens Jensen indicates that additional aid will likely be forthcoming. "It is a terrible situation for … one of the world's poorest countries", he observed, "Therefore it is important for us to be there with support and help". Jensen added that Denmark is "clearly ready to contribute more if there is a need for it". On top of the official aid, multiple Danish humanitarian organizations are in the process of raising funds for Nepal .[6]
  •  Egypt — Egypt's government expressed condolences to Nepal's government and people in an official statement, stressing that it stood with Nepal in its diversity, paid respect to the victims and wished the wounded people a rapid recovery.[7]
  •  Finland — The Finnish Red Cross has launched a fundraising campaign for Nepal, and is preparing to send a team of relief workers to the region.[8]
  •  France — On 25 April, the government of France expressed solidarity with the people and government of Nepal. A crisis centre was set up at France's Foreign Ministry, and a reinforcement team sent to New Delhi.[9] On 26 April 2015, Minister of Foreign Affairs and International Development Laurent Fabius announced that an initial mission of 11 rescuers plus equipment and supplies was departing for Kathmandu that morning. Additional assistance would follow according to the needs and demands of local authorities and NGOs.[10]
  •  Germany — On the day of the quake, the government of Germany pledged to provide assistance.[11] On Sunday, a team of 52 German relief workers—including physicians, expert searchers, and multiple dog squads—will land in Nepal with a mobile medical treatment centre, according to International Search and Rescue Germany.[12]
  •  India — India was the first nation to respond to the crisis, by launching a full-fledged rescue and relief operation codenamed Operation Maitri. Within 15 minutes of the quake,[13] Prime Minister Narendra Modi responded, directing immediate dispatch of relief and rescue teams, including medical team, to Nepal. By the same afternoon, ten teams from India's National Disaster Response Force, totaling 450 personnel and including several search and rescue dogs, had already arrived in Nepal; ten additional Indian Air Force planes soon departed to join them with further aid.[14] In the immediate aftermath of the quake, India sent 43 tons of relief material, including tents and food.[15] Modi spoke with Nepalese Prime Minister Sushil Koirala and assured him of India's support and assistance.[16] The Indian Army sent a major general to Nepal to oversee the rescue and relief efforts. The Indian Air Force mobilised its Ilyushin Il-76, C-130J Hercules and C-17 Globemaster transport aircraft and Mi-17 helicopters for Operation Maitri. Up to eight Mi-17 helicopters are being used for missions such as air-dropping relief materials.[17][18] The Indian Air Force evacuated over 500 citizens from Nepal late Saturday through Sunday morning, and hundreds more on Sunday.[19][20] Ten flights were planned for Sunday. These would airlift army forward hospitals, teams of doctors, nurses, and paramedics, engineering task forces, water, food, National Disaster Response Force teams, medical personnel and equipment, blankets and tents.[21] Prime Minister Modi vowed to wipe the tears of every person in Nepal in his Mann Ki Baat address to the nation.[22] An Indian army mountaineering team recovered the bodies of 19 mountaineers from Everest base camp and rescued at least 61 stranded climbers from Mount Everest.[23][24][25] Indian Air Force helicopters reached Mount Everest on the morning of April 26 for rescue operations.[26] Indian Foreign Secretary S Jaishankar announced that six more National Disaster Response Force teams would be sent to Nepal in the next 48 hours. He also announced that the aircraft sent to Nepal would not just rescue Indians, but citizens of other countries as well.[27] By Sunday end, India dispatched a further 10 tons of blankets, 50 tons of water, 22 tons of food items and 2 tons of medicines to Kathmandu. Nearly 1,000 National Disaster Response Force personnel were also pressed into service, and a "big evacuation" of Indian citizens was underway through the road route. The government deployed 35 buses to evacuate stranded Indians in Nepal via two routes - Sonauli and Raxaul - along the Indo-Nepal border. India started issuing goodwill visas to foreigners stranded in Nepal and mobilizing buses and ambulances to bring them to India by road.[28] Indian Railways shipped 100,000 (one lakh) bottles of drinking water via the Air Force to be delivered as part of the relief minister. Railway Minister Suresh Prabhu later tweeted out that there were arrangements being made to supply 100,000 bottles every day.[29] Air India reduced fares on flights bound for Kathmandu from Delhi, Kolkata, Varanasi, and announced that it would also carry relief material on its flights.[30]
  •  Indonesia — President Joko Widodo said that Indonesia will help Nepal as soon as the relief preparation complete, Indonesia will also sent Search and Rescue and Medical team to Nepal, when the Tribhuvan International Airport open for public again.[31]
  •  Iran — President Hassan Rouhani offered “sympathy and condolences” to the people of Nepal and to their President Ram Baran Yadav. Rouhani wished for a swift recovery of the injured and patience for the bereaved families.[32] Foreign Ministry spokeswoman Marzieh Afkham also expressed sympathy with the Nepalese government and nation over deadly earthquake that hit the country earlier in the day, offering condolences to the families of the victims and wishing immediate recovery to those injured in the disaster.[33] The Iranian Red Crescent Society declared its readiness to assist and to cooperate with the NRCS. The IRCS prepared a 40 ton humanitarian relief package to dispatch to Nepal; however, due to the critical conditions of the Kathmandu Airport, the package will be delivered through one of the neighboring countries.[34][35][36]
  •  Iraq — Iraq said they were working with Iraqi citizens in Nepal.[citation needed]
  •  Ireland — Ireland's Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade said that the families of at least 51 Irish citizens in Nepal could contact them and that they were working to contact the people.[37]
  •  Israel — Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu dispatched a search and rescue team that included physicians to Nepal, and expressed Israel's willingness to assist in any way possible.[38] Interior Minister Gilad Erdan also affirmed that Israel would assist the families of 24 surrogate babies, 9 of them born prematurely by evacuating them to India and flying them to Israel to continue necessary medical procedures.[39] On 26 April, two El Al Boeing 747-400 jumbo jets carrying an IDF search and rescue delegation, with medical elements and necessary equipment, were dispatched to Nepal. The return flights will carry survivors along with the surrogate infants.[40]
  •  Italy — The Foreign Ministry made €300,000 available for emergency aid to Nepal.[41]
  •  Japan — Within half a day of the quake, Japan's government had offered emergency assistance. The Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) are sending 70 experts; they are scheduled to depart from Narita International Airport on 26 April, and will serve in Nepal for 7 days. The team includes experts from the Japanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the National Police Agency, and JICA, along with rescuers, search and rescue dog handlers, communication specialists, physicians, and field coordinators. The Association of Medical Doctors of Asia (AMDA) and Shapla Neer announced on SNS that they have begun coordinating their emergency assistance.[42]
  •  Kuwait — On 26 April, Sheikh Sabah Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah, Emir of Kuwait, contacted the Prime Minister of Nepal to express his sorrow over the devastation in the latter country, and convey wishes for rapid recovery. The Crown Prince of Kuwait, Sheikh Nawaf Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah, and the Prime Minister, Sheikh Jaber Al-Mubarak Al-Hamad Al-Sabah, sent similar messages.[43]
  •  Lithuania — President Dalia Grybauskaitė and Prime Minister Algirdas Butkevičius both offered their condolences and solidarity with the people of Nepal.[44][45] Ministry of Foreign Affairs announced that there was at least 49 Lithuanian citizens in Nepal during the catastrophe and none of them were injured.[46][47]
  •  Malaysia — Foreign Minister Anifah Aman said his country was ready to extend assistance to Nepal once the access to the Tribhuvan International Airport been restored.[48] Later, Prime Minister Najib Razak announced that Malaysia will send 20 medical doctors from Mercy Malaysia along with a 30-man rescue team from the Special Malaysia Disaster Assistance and Rescue Team (SMART) with medicines and medical supplies to Kathmandu by C-130 aircraft. The aircraft will also standby there to evacuate all Malaysians in the region to Kuala Lumpur.[49]
  •  Mexico — On the day of the quake, the government of Mexico pledged to provide assistance.[11]
  •  Monaco — On the day of the quake, Monaco's government indicated that it planned to send aid to Nepal "in the coming hours".[41]
  •  Netherlands — The Dutch Urban Search and Rescue Team (USAR) has mobilized a 62-human and 8-dog contingent to send to Nepal; they will arrive, accompanied by a cohort of Dutch physicians, nurses, and engineers, as well as 5 tons of relief supplies, on 28 April. USAR is very highly experienced, and able to operate independently, so their presence does not deplete local sources of food, water, or shelter. The Netherlands' € 4 million financial contribution is being managed by the Dutch Relief Alliance. Founded the day prior to the earthquake, the Alliance coordinates the efforts of Dutch aid agencies and humanitarian organizations in order to expedite the response to disasters.[50]
  •  New Zealand — New Zealand sent an initial NZD 1 million in humanitarian aid, and has mobilised 45 urban search and rescue technicians.[51]
  •  Norway — The Ministry of Foreign Affairs indicated that Norway would contribute NOK 30 million to Nepal.[52]
  •  Pakistan — In an immediate statement issued by the Foreign Ministry, Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif expressed "his deep shock at the reports of massive earthquake that has caused devastation in Nepal and Northern India this morning" and, on behalf of the government and people of Pakistan, expressed "heartfelt condolences and sympathies ... on the tragedy that has caused loss of precious lives and properties". The statement also indicated that Pakistan's diplomatic missions in India and Nepal had been directed "to approach their respective host governments to ascertain the damages caused and the requirement of relief assistance", while the National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) of Pakistan stood by.[53] Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif held a telephone conversation with Nepalese Prime Minister Sushil Koirala, offering humanitarian assistance following the midday earthquake.[54] Later that day, Pakistan announced that it was sending the PAF's four Lockheed C-130 planes packed with life-saving emergency equipment—including a 30-bed hospital, 2,000 military meals, 600 blankets, 200 tents, and other assorted relief items[55]—along with military emergency personnel including army doctors, medical staff, and the combined ERRA-NDMA's special search and rescue teams with sniffer dogs.[56]
  •  Philippines — The Philippine Red Cross will send staff and volunteers to Nepal in response to the earthquake.[57]
  •  Poland — Poland has sent 81 firefighters of the State Fire Service, 12 search and rescue dogs and 6 doctors of the Polish Center for International Aid.[58][59]
  •  Romania — President Klaus Iohannis expressed compassion and solidarity with the people affected by the earthquake in Nepal, stating that Romania joins the other countries of the world who have expressed solidarity with the authorities in Nepal and from the other countries affected by the earthquake.[60]
  •  Russia — President Vladimir Putin expressed condolences to the President of Nepal, Ram Baran Yadav, in connection with the loss of lives and destruction in various parts of Nepal due to the quake. Russia's Ministry for Emergency Situations offered aid to Nepal in addressing the aftermath of the earthquake,[61] and assembled a team of over 50 highly skilled rescue workers with "expansive experience of operations in … areas struck by earthquakes", including China, Haiti, and Turkey. The team was supplied with "top-notch equipment enabling it to work autonomously", and made ready to depart for Nepal "immediately".[62]
  •  Singapore — Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong penned a letter of condolence to Nepal's Prime Minister Sushil Koirala and dispatched a search and rescue team consisting of 55 members of the Singapore Civil Defence Force; officers from Singapore's police forces, including the Gurkha Contingent, also prepared to deploy disaster relief teams to the area. The government of Singapore "kick-started" the Singapore Red Cross' disaster relief drive with a contribution of SGD 100,000.[63]
  •  Spain — On the day of the quake, the government pledged to provide assistance.[11]
  •  South Africa — On 26 April, President Jacob Zuma sent his condolences to the people and government of Nepal.[64]
  •  South Korea — The spokesperson of the Foreign Ministry has extended its condolences to the families and victims of Nepal and pledged to immediately donate USD million, along with a possible rescue team dispatched to assist in rescue missions.[65]
  •  Sri Lanka — The government of Sri Lanka took steps to provide emergency relief to those affected by the earthquake in Nepal. On 25 April, special Sri Lanka Air Force flights departed for Nepal with a stock of emergency relief supplies, along with groups of specialist physicians, other medical staff, and medicines.[66]
  •   Switzerland — On 26 April, a team of experts—including a physician, a building surveyor, and a water quality technician—were dispatched to Nepal, according to the Swiss Foreign Ministry.[67]
  •  Taiwan — The Republic of China government donated to Nepal in the wake of the earthquake. Executive Yuan spokesman Sun Lih-chyun has also expressed Taiwan's willingness to help with the rescue and research efforts in Nepal.[68]
  •  Turkey — Turkish Foreign Ministry offered its condolences to the Nepali people and government due to the losses in the earthquake and has launched efforts to provide humanitarian assistance to Nepal. Turkish aid agencies have sent a search and rescue team made up of 65 people to Nepal.[69]
  •  United Arab Emirates — On the day of the quake, UAE President Sheikh Khalifa sent his condolences to Nepalese President Ram Baran Yadav; the nation's Vice President and Ruler of Dubai, Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid, also conveyed his sympathies. On Sunday, the Ministry of Interior sent an 88-member search and rescue team to Nepal; the team is being led by the director of Abu Dhabi Civil Defence, Lt Col Mohammed Al Ansari, and will liaise with UN Disaster Assessment and Coordination staff on site. The Chairwoman of the General Women's Union, Sheikha Fatima bint Mubarak, donated DH 5 million towards relief to quake victims.[70]
  •  United Kingdom — Prime Minister David Cameron expressed condolences and offered assistance to Nepal.[71] On 25 April, the UK dispatched a team of humanitarian aid experts to the region, in order to determine the best approach to assisting those affected.[72] The UK also pledged £5 million in aid.[73]
  •  United States of America — The White House and Secretary of State John Kerry offered condolences and pledged to offer assistance. On the day of the quake, the U.S. sent aid and released USD one million and a disaster response team to assist with immediate needs.[74] Kerry stated that USAID was activating an urban search and rescue team.[75] On April 26, Urban Search and Rescue Virginia Task Force 1 from Fairfax County, Virginia deployed to Nepal from Dover Air Force Base.[76]
  •  Vatican City — Pope Francis was offering prayers for the repose of the souls of the dead and for those injured as a result of the earthquake.[77][78]
  •  Venezuela — The government expressed its "deep sorrow" to victims in the powerful earthquake in Nepal and offered its expertise in rescue operations.[79]

Non-states

  •  European Union — Commissioner Christos Stylianides ‏said the EU was closely following the situation and expressed solidarity.[80] Furthermore on 26 April, the European Commission announced that they have mobilised in its immediate response to the Nepal Earthquake. The Commission's emergency aid will go towards the most urgent needs in the worst affected areas, including clean water, medicine, emergency shelter and telecommunications. Along with this, the The EU Civil Protection Mechanism has been activated. Through it, Member States, including Belgium, Finland, Germany, Greece, Italy, Netherlands, Poland and Sweden immediately offered urgently needed search and rescue teams, water purification systems and technical assistance.[81]
  •  United Nations — UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon asserted that the UN is preparing for a big relief effort. Moreover, President of the Sixty-ninth session of the United Nations General Assembly Sam Kutesa also expressed his deep concern and sorrow over the devastation. The executive director of the UN Population Fund, Babatunde Osotimehin, also expressed his deepest sympathy to those affected by the earthquake, saying he was "shocked and saddened" and that the UNPF is ready to join efforts to assist Nepal.[82] On 26 April, the World Health Organization (WHO) disbursed four inter-agency emergency health kits to hospitals in Nepal; each kit contains medical supplies sufficient to meet the health needs of 10,000 people for three months. Additionally, WHO released USD 175,000 from the South-East Asia Regional Health Emergency Fund (SEARHEF) to Nepal's Ministry of Health and Population as an initial tranche of emergency health funding to address the immediate needs of victims.[83]

Relief organisations

  • CARE (relief agency) provided ground support during the earthquake, assisting people by supplying ready to eat meals, clean drinking water and latrine construction.[84][85] It also created an online relief fund for the earthquake support.[86] Furthermore on 26 April, the European Commission announced that they have mobilised in its immediate response to the Nepal Earthquake. The Commission's emergency aid will go towards the most urgent needs in the worst affected areas, including clean water, medicine, emergency shelter and telecommunications. Along with this, the The EU Civil Protection Mechanism has been activated. Through it, Member States, including Belgium, Finland, Germany, Greece, Netherlands, Poland and Sweden immediately offered urgently needed search and rescue teams, water purification systems and technical assistance.[81]
  • Handicap International began distributing crutches and wheelchairs to hospitals in affected areas on 26 April.[74]
  • International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) — On the day of the quake, while preparing to launch an international emergency response, the IFRC released monies from its Disaster Response Emergency Fund, and mobilized resources from its regional hubs, including those in Bangkok, Kuala Lumpur, and New Delhi.[87]
  • Médecins du Monde (MdM) sent a surgeon from Paris, along with two other physicians and some logistical support staff on 26 April.[88]
  • Médecins Sans Frontières / Doctors Without Borders (MSF) announced on 25 April that it was sending four teams of medical and non-medical responders, along with 3000 kits of non-food items and medical supplies to Nepal. The teams and equipment were expected to arrive on the morning of 26 April.[89] MSF also sent an inflatable hospital which has a 60–80 bed capacity, and consists of two wards plus a surgical recovery room.[88]
  • Oxfam undertook arrangements to send a team of "technical experts" to the region, with sanitation and water purification equipment.[90]
  • Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS) and the Nepal branch of Hindu Swayamsevak Sangh announced plans to send volunteers to the region to help with rescue efforts in coordination with the Government of Nepal.[91]
  • On 25 April, Save the Children, a non-governmental organization, launched a disaster response on the ground in Nepal, with priorities being "to protect vulnerable children and provide desperately needed relief to families".[92]
  • Secours populaire français, a French non-profit organisation, allocated a first emergency fund of €50,000 to assist victims.[88]
  • The Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee announced that they would be sending 25,000 food packets every day to Nepal with the help of the Indian Air Force.[93][94]

Online and telecommunications services

Fundraising initiatives

  • Bijay Acharya from the American Nepal Medical Foundation (ANMF) organized a fundraiser called Nepal Earthquake Relief Fund on the Indiegogo website, in order to raise for the victims of the Nepal earthquake. Over U.S. $100,000 has been raised by over 1500 people within the first day of the campaign being online.[102]
  • The secular Humanist organisation Foundation Beyond Belief (FBB) launched a new Humanist Disaster Recovery Drive (HDR) to raise funds for Nepal.[103] As with previous HDR Drives, the "mission is to provide financial support to secular organizations working locally to meet the post-disaster needs of survivors"; 100% of funds raised will be donated to beneficiaries (FBB takes no overhead).[104]
  • Nepalese-American fashion designer Prabal Gurung raised thousands of dollars through the Crowdrise website for the relief efforts ranging from "medical aid to food and water supplies...temporary housing to rebuilding the nation and its infrastructure."[105] As per the website, the project has reached 55% its $250,000 goal.[106]
  • Transport company Uber announced that it would offer a coupon code that would charge ₹10 extra per ride in 11 cities across India to contribute to the Prime Minister's National Relief Fund towards the earthquake.[107]

See also

References

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