Kurdish coffee
Kurdish coffee (Qehweya Kurdî or Qehweya Kezwanan[1] in Kurdish), menengic coffee (Turkish: Menengiç Kahvesi), also pistachio coffee, or terebinth coffee, is a traditional hot beverage in Turkish[2][3][4][5] and Kurdish cuisine.[6][7][8] It is made of ground roasted terebinth fruits (related to the pistachio) as the main ingredient, and is naturally caffeine-free.[6][2] It is particularly popular in parts of southeastern Anatolia.[9]
Ground roasted terebinth fruits, milk, and sugar are its main ingredients in the traditional formula.[citation needed]
History
The beverage has been produced in areas including Diyarbakır, Adıyaman, Mardin, and Batman for over a hundred years. The roasted and ground berries have been exported to Europe and around the world since the early 20th century. In France, it was marketed as Chicorée au Kurde, "Kurdish chicory" or coffee substitute.[8]
It is also considered a traditional specialty of Gaziantep.[4]
In recent years, the processed berries in the form of an oily paste have appeared as a branded product in cans or jars.[2][additional citation(s) needed]
References
- ^ "Li zozanan kezwan şewazê dawî digire". Jinha (in Kurdish). Retrieved 2019-09-23.
- ^ a b c Helou, Anissa (December 31, 2009). "menengiç: a turkish coffee that is not coffee at all". anissa's blog. Retrieved 2019-09-23.
- ^ "TURKISH COFFEE IN TERMS OF CULTURAL HERITAGE" (PDF).
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ a b "From Menengiç to Syrup: Drink Culture in Gaziantep".
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "2nd International Conference on Multidisciplinary Studies" (PDF).
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ a b Lukach, Adam (August 31, 2019). "Craving: Middle Eastern food, from savory kebabs to aromatic spices, perfectly puffed pitas and more". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on September 20, 2019. Retrieved September 23, 2019.
- ^ "Celebrating Kansas City And All Its Traditions (From Here and Abroad)". 21 December 2018. Retrieved 2019-10-08.
- ^ a b "Qehweya Kizwanê, berhemek resen a Kurdî ye" [Kizwan Coffee is a genuine Kurdish product]. Kurdistan24 (in Kurdish). August 25, 2015. Retrieved 2019-09-23.
- ^ "Neuroprotective potential of some terebinth coffee brands and the unprocessed fruits of Pistacia terebinthus L. and their fatty and essential oil analyses".
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
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