Bombardier Transportation

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Bombardier Transportation
Company typeWholly owned subsidiary (of Bombardier Inc.)
IndustryRail vehicle manufacturing
HeadquartersSchöneberger Ufer 1, Berlin, Germany
Key people
Laurent Troger (President)
ProductsLocomotives
High-speed trains
Intercity and commuter trains
Trams
People movers
Signalling systems
RevenueUS$8.8 Billion (2013);[1] US$9.6 Billion (2014) [2]
Number of employees
34,900
ParentBombardier Inc.
Websitewww.bombardier.com/en/transportation

Bombardier Transportation is the rail equipment division of the Canadian firm Bombardier Inc. Bombardier Transportation is one of the world's largest companies in the rail vehicle and equipment manufacturing and servicing industry. The division is headquartered in Berlin, Germany, and has regional offices and major development facilities in Canada (Montreal and Toronto) and the United States (Plattsburgh, New York).[3] Bombardier Transportation has many minor production and development facilities worldwide.

Bombardier Transportation produces a wide range of products including passenger rail vehicles, locomotives, bogies, propulsion and controls, and offers a number of services.

Laurent Troger is the president and chief operating officer of Bombardier Transportation.[4] In January 2011, the company had 34,900 employees, 25,400 of them in Europe, and 59 manufacturing locations around the world.[5]

History

Bombardier Transportation's first order for mass transit rolling stock was in 1974 for the Société de transport de Montréal (STM) (Montreal transport authority) to build metro trains for the Montreal Metro.[6]

The core of the Transportation group was formed with the purchase of Montreal Locomotive Works (MLW) in 1975. With that purchase, Bombardier acquired MLW's LRC (Light, Rapid, Comfortable) tilting train design which it produced in the 1980s. The group also purchased Urban Transportation Development Corporation (UTDC) from the Government of Ontario, which had acquired Hawker Siddeley Canada[citation needed]. MLW was sold to General Electric in 1988. GE ended railcar operations in Canada in 1993. Bombardier Transportation continues to operate the railcar operations in Thunder Bay.[citation needed] In 1987, Bombardier bought the assets of US railcar manufacturers Budd and Pullman-Standard.

In the late 1980s, Bombardier Transportation gained a manufacturing presence in Europe with the acquisition of a 45% share in BN Constructions Ferroviaires et Métalliques[6] (whose principal site was in Brugge (Bruges), Belgium) in 1986, and the acquisition of ANF-Industries (whose principal site was in Crespin, France, near the Belgian border) in 1989.[6] In 1990, Procor Engineering Ltd. of Horbury near Wakefield, UK; a manufacturer of bodyshells, was acquired,[6] and renamed Bombardier Prorail.[7]

In 1991, the grouping Bombardier Eurorail was formed consisting of the company's European subsidiaries; BN, ANF-Industrie, Prorail, and BWS.[8][9] In 1992, the company acquired Mexico's largest railway rolling-stock manufacturer, Concarril, from the Mexican government.[10]

In 1995, Waggonfabrik Talbot KG in Aachen, Germany, and in 1998, Deutsche Waggonbau AG (DWA), and Ateliers de Constructions Mécaniques de Vevey in Vevey, Switzerland,[11] were acquired.[6] DWA encompassed the major portion of the railway equipment industry of the former East Germany ("Kombinat Schienenfahrzeugbau"), and had its principal sites in Bautzen and Görlitz.[citation needed]

In 2001, Bombardier Transportation acquired Adtranz from DaimlerChrysler, and became by many measurements the Western world's largest rail-equipment manufacturer.[12] The takeover was approved by the EU competition commission subject to a number of minor clauses including the divestment of Bombardier's stake in Adtranz/Stadler joint venture Stadler Pankow GmbH (sold to Stadler Rail), and an agreement to retain Kiepe as a supplier, and ELIN as a partner for a number of years after the acquisition.[13] The addition of ADtranz made Bombardier a manufacturer of locomotives along with its existing product lines of passenger carriages, multiple-unit trains, and trams. With the acquisition of ADtranz, Bombardier also gained competence in the electrical propulsion components business.

After the Adtranz acquisition in 2001, Bombardier Transportation published its core manufacturing strategy for Europe: three sites for bogie manufacture were to be at Siegen in Germany, Derby (UK), and at the former ANF plant in Crespin (France). Vehicle body manufacturing was to be done at Bautzen and Görlitz (Germany), at the former Kalmar Verkstad plant (Sweden), at the Bombardier's Derby carriage plant, and the former BN Constructions Ferroviaries et Métalliques in Brugge. For final assembly, the company chose the former Waggonfabrik Talbot plant in Aachen and the former LEW Hennigsdorf (nr. Berlin) in Germany, the former Sorefame plant in Amadora, Portugal, and its plants in Derby (UK), Crespin (France), Brugge (Belgium), Kalmar (Sweden) and Pratteln, Switzerland. Additionally a number of plants would have specialised manufacturing roles, including Česká Lípa (Czech Republic) and the Pafawag facility in Poland which would supply parts and welded structures, and sites in Vienna (Austria) and Bautzen (Germany) which would specialise in light rail vehicle (LRV) manufacture whilst double deck trains for the German market would be manufactured in Görlitz. Other sites had their work mandate reduced in scope, or were closed.[14][15]

In 2004, due to overcapacity in the European passenger train industry, Bombardier announced a restructuring program resulting in the closure of several plants; in the UK, the bogie production site at Pride Park, Derby, Bombardier Prorail (Wakefield), and a maintenance facility in Doncaster were closed; in mainland Europe, the plants at Pratteln, Kalmar and Amadora were to be closed,[16] as well as plants in Ammendorf and Vetschau in eastern Germany which had been slated for closure in 2001.[14][16]

In late 2012, Bombardier announced the closure of the Bombardier Talbot plant in Aachen, and a reduction in workforce in the transportation division of 1,200 people.[17][18]

San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit District (BART) ordered an additional 365 rail cars from Bombardier in early 2014. The cars will increase BART’s existing fleet and be assembled at Bombardier’s manufacturing plant and rolling stock production center in Plattsburgh, New York.[19]

In February 2014, Bombardier won a contract to provide 65 Aventra trains to Transport for London in the United Kingdom. This order, valued at £1.3 billion, lead to Bombardier building a maintenance depot for the new east–west London rail link and will support more than 1,000 jobs in the UK.[20]

In May 2014, Bombardier extended its presence in Australia by purchasing a 100% stake in Rail Signalling Service (RSS), an Australian company focused on designing and constructing rail signalling solutions.[21]

In January 2015, the government of Hungary nationalised the loss-making and under-utilised Bombardier carriage works at Dunakeszi (Bombardier MÁV Kft. , Hungarian), acquiring a 64.9% stake for $7.8 million.[22]

In May 2015, the parent company Bombardier Inc. announced that it will split or spin-off Bombardier Transportation as a separate publicly traded company, while retaining control as the majority owner.[23] The main motivation for the change was explained by Lutz Bertling, president and chief operating officer of Bombardier Transportation, as preparation to compete with an anticipated Chinese presence in the European market through their purchase of a European manufacturer: “We intend to participate in the consolidation of the transportation industry.”[24] Finally Bombardier Inc. agreed to a deal with the public investor Caisse de dépôt et placement du Québec (CDPQ) to sell a 30% stake of Bombardier Transportation for 1.5 billion USD. CDPQ is granted a 9.5% minimum rate of return of this investment. Plans of placing stocks of Bombardier Transporation on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange are off the stove by this decision.[25]

Legal issues

Deutsche Bahn

In early 2013, Deutsche Bahn announced that it was suing Bombardier for €350 million because of some serious defects in trains used on the suburban S-Bahn rail network in Berlin. This was in addition of the €160 million it was asking for from Bombardier because of problems with more than 200 regional trains operating in southern Germany and problems with the brakes in regional and local trains in Munich.[26]

Everline

In January 2015, the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation reported[27][28][29] that South Korea's Special Investigation Unit for anti-corruption produced a report accusing Bombardier Transportation of corruption in the pursuit of the 2004 contract to build an 18 km elevated Light Rapid Transit (LRT) rail system called the Everline connecting the Giheung Station on the Bundang (Yellow Line) of the Seoul Metropolitan Subway system to a large amusement park named Everland, via Yongin, the 12th largest city in South Korea, about 30 km from central Seoul.

The investigation report alleges that Bombardier provided gifts and trips to Canada for civil servants and politicians involved in the contract decision, which was based on revenue expected from an inflated estimate of 180,000 passengers per day using the service. It also alleges that Bombardier created a $2-million slush fund for the Canadian citizen Kim Hak-Pil, a high-ranking Bombardier executive in South Korea. Bombardier has consistently denied the corruption allegations, stating that "They were not pleasure trips. There is a need to convince the people that our technology works well.... If it had been corruption, they would have charged us." The statute of limitations has now expired, due to lack of evidence according to Bombardier.

Everline operation has been financially troubled since construction was completed in 2010.[30] The system remained dormant until service began in 2013[31] while the line owner successfully negotiated with the city of Yongin a minimum revenue guarantee of 29.5 billion KRW[32] per year regardless of passenger load.[33] This is said to be a serious burden for the city because ridership is reported to have risen to only about 20,000 passengers per day on the 30 carriages, or about a quarter of the maximum possible capacity of the fleet in a 12-hour day. A reason suggested for this is the fare of 1100 KRW (about US$1 in 2015); it is impossible to pay for Everline trips via a transfer surcharge on a connecting subway ticket. A 2014 web page[34] of a Seoul tour service retailer makes no mention of the Everline among the suggested modes of bus transport between Seoul and Everland. A lawyer who filed legal action on behalf of the citizens of Yongin is reported to have provided details about Bombardier's pursuit of the contract. He said that "between 2003 and 2005, Bombardier funded three luxurious trips to Canada to each of 37 people" including 18 Yongin city councillors on so-called "LRT field trips".[27][28]

Toronto Transit Commission

On October 16, 2015, the Toronto Transit Commission (TTC) announced that it has asked its board to consider legal action against Bombardier. TTC staff is recommending that the TTC board “commence legal action, or make a claim allowed for already in the contract, of $50 million for late delivery” against Bombardier. Bombardier had committed to delivering 67 custom-built Flexity Outlook streetcars to the TTC by October 2015 for its streetcar system, but only 10 were in service at the time.[35][36]

On October 28, 2015, the TTC board voted in favour of a lawsuit against Bombardier "for at least $50 million to recoup lost costs", according to Chair Josh Colle, because of the company's failure to deliver the additional new streetcars.[37]

Products and services

Main article: List of Bombardier Transportation products

Services

In addition to manufacturing a wide variety of passenger rail vehicles and locomotives, Bombardier Transportation provides services for commuter train providers.

  • Maintenance: Bombardier Transportation has several maintenance contracts for the servicing of commuter trains. This includes fuelling, storage, train washing and upkeep. Some of its key clients are GO Transit, FrontRunner and Metrolink as well as OC Transpo (O-Train).
  • Train operation: Bombardier Transportation operates a number of commuter and light rail systems under contract with various transit agencies. It has been the operator for six of the seven GO Transit commuter train lines in Ontario since 2008. The company also operates a number of airport people-mover systems, typically systems it built, such as the AirTrain JFK and AirTrain Newark in New York City under contract with the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey.
  • From 2012/2013, the Savli factory (India) is also planned to assemble Electro-Motive Diesel products for Asian customers.[38]

Facilities

Bombardier Transportation has production facilities or product development in:

See also

Competitors:

References

  1. ^ http://www.bombardier.com/en/media-centre/newsList/details.bombardier-inc-q4c2013financialresults20140213.bombardiercom.html
  2. ^ http://www.bombardier.com/en/media-centre/newsList/details.bombardier-inc-20150212bombardierq42014financialresults.bombardiercom.html
  3. ^ Bombardier Transportation Headquarters
  4. ^ "Dr. Lutz Bertling". Bombardier Inc. Retrieved 13 November 2013.
  5. ^ "About Transportation". Bombardier Inc. Retrieved 20 June 2011.
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v JRTR No.42 (December 2005)
  7. ^ "Bombardier Prorail Limited". investing.businessweek.com. Bloomberg. Retrieved 29 June 2010.
  8. ^ "Geschiedenis (1855 - ....)". www.abvv-bombardier.dommel.be (in Dutch). ABVV (General Federation of Belgian Labour. Retrieved 29 June 2011.
  9. ^ Miville Tremblay (1994). Le sang jaune de Bombardier: la gestion de Laurent Beaudoin (in French). PUQ. p. 56.
  10. ^ "Company News: Mexican Unit To Bombardier". The New York Times. Associated Press. 10 April 1992. Retrieved 23 December 2013.
  11. ^ "History", www.bombardier-transportation.ch
  12. ^ Bombardier Transportation: History.
  13. ^ "Commission clears takeover of ADtranz by Bombardier, subject to commitments", europa.eu, 3 April 2001
  14. ^ a b "Bombardier Sets Course for the Future With New European Passenger-Vehicle Manufacturing Network Strategy", www.thefreelibrary.com, Business Wire, 13 November 2001
  15. ^ "The Passenger-Vehicle Manufacturing Network Strategy in Europe" (PDF), www2.bombardier.com, Bombardier Transportation, 13 November 2001
  16. ^ a b David Briginshaw (June 2004), "Bombardier addresses overcapacity", findarticles.com, Railway Age
  17. ^ Bombardier Announces Financial Results for the Third Quarter Ended September 30, 2012 (Press release), Bombardier, 7 November 2012, archived from the original on 15 May 2013
  18. ^ "Bombardier schließt Bahn-Fahrzeugwerk in Aachen", www.welt.de (in German), 18 October 2012
  19. ^ "Bombardier wins $639m additional rail car order from San Francisco BART", www.railway-technology.com, 8 January 2014
  20. ^ "CONTRACT SIGNED FOR BOMBARDIER TO DELIVER CROSSRAIL ROLLING STOCK AND DEPOT", http://www.crossrail.co.uk, 19 February 2014 {{citation}}: External link in |work= (help)
  21. ^ "Bombardier Acquires Australia's Rail Signalling Services (RSS)", www.wallstreet-online.de, 1 May 2014
  22. ^ Joo, Ference (8 January 2014), "Hungary nationalises Bombardier plant", www.railjournal.com
  23. ^ The Canadian Press (7 May 2015). "Bombardier to spin out rail unit in IPO but maintain control". CBC. Retrieved 12 August 2015.
  24. ^ Reguly, Eric (9 June 2015). "Chinese market drives Bombardier Transportation IPO". The Globe and Mail. Retrieved 12 August 2015.
  25. ^ "Caisse de dépôt buys US$1.5-billion stake in Bombardier rail division". Montreal Gazette. 19 November 2015. Retrieved 20 November 2015.
  26. ^ "German railway files new suit against Bombardier", www.globalpost.com, 4 March 2013
  27. ^ a b Marie-Maude Denis and Martyne Bourdeau (28 January 2015). "Bombardier Transportation accused of corruption in South Korea". CBC. Retrieved 2 February 2015.
  28. ^ a b Marie-Maude Denis and Martyne Bourdeau (28 January 2015). "Allégations de corruption contre Bombardier en Corée du Sud" (in French). Radio-Canada. Retrieved 2 February 2015.
  29. ^ Marie-Maude Denis with Chantal Cauchy (29 January 2015). Un Train Nommé Délire (Television production). Enquête (in French). Canada: Radio-Canada. Retrieved 2 February 2015.
  30. ^ kojects.com
  31. ^ kojects.com
  32. ^ kojects.com
  33. ^ Kwon Sang-soo (1 June 2013). "Yongin EverLine: New train, few passengers". Korea JoongAng Daily. JoongAng Ilbo. Retrieved 2 February 2015.
  34. ^ funtastickorea.com
  35. ^ "TTC asks its board to consider legal action against Bombardier". CP24.
  36. ^ "TTC considers suing Bombardier after new streetcar delay". The Toronto Star.
  37. ^ http://www.citynews.ca/2015/10/28/ttc-board-votes-to-sue-bombardier-over-missing-streetcars/
  38. ^ "Bombardier to assemble EMD locomotives for southeast Asia - Railway Gazette". Railway Gazette International. Retrieved 24 September 2012.
  39. ^ Investing in India (PDF), Bombardier, p. 3
  40. ^ Bombardier Transportation - Facilities in China - Three Manufacturing Joint Ventures (PDF), Bombardier Transportation, 2009 {{citation}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |1= (help)
  41. ^ "Bombardier Transportation in Poland" (PDF). www.bombardier.com. Bombardier. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 February 2013.
  42. ^ Bombardier in Canada (PDF), archived from the original (PDF) on 13 March 2013 {{citation}}: |archive-date= / |archive-url= timestamp mismatch; 13 March 2012 suggested (help)

Literature

External links

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