City of Penrith
City of Penrith New South Wales | |||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Coordinates | 33°45′S 150°42′E / 33.750°S 150.700°E | ||||||||||||||
Population | 217,664 (2021 census)[1] (24th) | ||||||||||||||
• Density | 537.57/km2 (1,392.31/sq mi) | ||||||||||||||
Established | 12 May 1871 21 October 1959 (City) | (Municipality)||||||||||||||
Area | 404.9 km2 (156.3 sq mi) | ||||||||||||||
Time zone | AEST (UTC+10) | ||||||||||||||
• Summer (DST) | AEDT (UTC+11) | ||||||||||||||
Mayor | Todd Carney | ||||||||||||||
Council seat | Civic Centre, Penrith | ||||||||||||||
Region | Greater Western Sydney | ||||||||||||||
State electorate(s) | |||||||||||||||
Federal division(s) | |||||||||||||||
Website | City of Penrith | ||||||||||||||
|
The City of Penrith is a local government area in the state of New South Wales, Australia. The seat of the city is located in Penrith, located within Sydney about 50 kilometres (31 mi) west of Sydney central business district. It occupies part of the traditional lands of the Darug people. First incorporated as a municipality on 12 May 1871, on 1 January 1949, the municipalities of Penrith, St Marys and Castlereagh and part of the Nepean Shire amalgamated to form a new Municipality of Penrith. Penrith was declared a City on 21 October 1959, and expanded westwards to include Emu Plains and Emu Heights, formerly part of the City of Blue Mountains, on 25 October 1963. As of the 2021 census the City of Penrith had an estimated population of 217,664.[1]
The mayor of the City of Penrith is Todd Carney, a member of the Labor Party.[2]
Suburbs and localities in the local government area
[edit]The following suburbs and localities are located within the City of Penrith:
- Agnes Banks (shared with the City of Hawkesbury)
- Badgerys Creek (shared with the City of Liverpool)
- Berkshire Park
- Caddens
- Cambridge Gardens
- Cambridge Park
- Castlereagh
- Claremont Meadows
- Colyton
- Cranebrook
- Emu Heights
- Emu Plains
- Erskine Park
- Glenmore Park
- Jamisontown
- Jordan Springs
- Kemps Creek (shared with Liverpool)
- Kingswood
- Leonay
- Llandilo
- Londonderry
- Luddenham (shared with Liverpool)
- Mount Vernon
- Mulgoa
- North St Marys
- Orchard Hills
- Oxley Park
- Penrith
- Regentville
- St Clair
- St Marys (shared with City of Blacktown)
- Shanes Park (shared with City of Blacktown)
- South Penrith
- Wallacia (shared with Liverpool and Wollondilly Shire)
- Werrington
- Werrington County
- Werrington Downs
Council history
[edit]The Municipality of Penrith was incorporated on 12 May 1871 under the Municipalities Act 1858 (NSW). On 3 March 1890, St Marys was separately incorporated, and on 26 July 1893 and 9 September 1895, Mulgoa and Castlereagh followed respectively. In 1913, Mulgoa became the "A" Riding of the neighbouring Nepean Shire.[3]
On 1 January 1949, under the Local Government (Areas) Act 1948, the Municipalities of Penrith, St Marys and Castlereagh and A Riding of the Nepean Shire amalgamated to form a new Municipality of Penrith. It was declared a City on 21 October 1959, and expanded westwards to include Emu Plains and Emu Heights, formerly part of the City of Blue Mountains, on 25 October 1963.[3]
Demographics
[edit]At the 2021 census, there were 217,644 people in the Penrith local government area, of these 49.4% were male and 50.6% were female. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people made up 5% of the population; notably above the national average of 3.4%. The median age of people in the City of Penrith was 35 years; notably below the national median of 39 years. Children aged 0 – 14 years made up 21.2% of the population and people aged 65 years and over made up 12.9% of the population. Of people in the area aged 15 years and over, 45.5% were married and 12.3% were either divorced or separated.[4]
Population growth in the City of Penrith between the 2001 Census and the 2006 census was 0.15% and in the subsequent five years to the 2011 census, population growth was 3.68%. When compared with total population growth of Australia for the same periods, being 5.78% and 8.32% respectively, population growth in the Penrith local government area was significantly lower than the national average.[5] The median weekly income for residents within the City of Penrith was on with par with the national average.[4]
At the 2021 census, the proportion of residents in the Penrith local government area who stated their ancestry as Australian or Anglo-Saxon exceeded 63.5% of all residents (national average was 58.4%). In excess of 28.7% of all residents in the City of Penrith area nominated a religious affiliation with Christianity at the 2021 census, which was fairly higher than the national average of 20%. Meanwhile, as at the Census date, compared to the national average, households in the Penrith local government area had a marginally lower than average proportion (23.9%) where two or more languages are spoken (national average was 24.8%); and a higher proportion (74.2%) where English only was spoken at home (national average was 72%).[4]
Selected historical census data for Penrith local government area | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Census year | 2001[5] | 2006[6] | 2011[4] | 2016[7] | 2021 | ||
Population | Estimated residents on census night | 171,870 | 172,140 | 178,467 | 196,066 | 217,644 | |
LGA rank in terms of size within New South Wales | 7th | 8th | 13th | 9th | |||
% of New South Wales population | 2.58% | 2.63% | 2.67% | ||||
% of Australian population | 0.92% | 0.87% | 0.83% | 0.84% | 0.85% | ||
Cultural and language diversity | |||||||
Ancestry, top responses |
Australian | 29.1% | 26.3% | 33.3% | |||
English | 25.2% | 24.5% | 30.2% | ||||
Irish | 6.8% | 7.2% | 8.2% | ||||
Scottish | 5.3% | 5.5% | 6.7% | ||||
Maltese | 3.0% | 2.8% | |||||
Language, top responses (other than English) |
Arabic | 1.3% | 1.5% | 1.6% | 1.6% | 1.8% | |
Tagalog | 1.3% | 0.8% | 1.0% | 1.1% | 1.2% | ||
Italian | 1.0% | 0.9% | 0.8% | 0.9% | |||
Maltese | 0.8% | 0.8% | 0.8% | 0.7% | |||
Hindi | 0.6% | 0.7% | 0.8% | 0.9% | 1.1% | ||
Religious affiliation | |||||||
Religious affiliation, top responses |
Catholic | 34.5% | 34.9% | 35.2% | 32.1% | 28.7% | |
Anglican | 26.1% | 24.7% | 23.6% | 18.4% | 13.1% | ||
No religion | 9.8% | 11.9% | 14.0% | 21.1% | 28.9% | ||
Presbyterian and Reformed | 3.4% | 3.1% | 2.9% | ||||
Uniting Church | 3.7% | 3.1% | 2.7% | ||||
Median weekly incomes | |||||||
Personal income | Median weekly personal income | A$517 | A$623 | A$728 | A$866 | ||
% of Australian median income | 110.9% | 108.0% | 109.6% | 106.52% | |||
Family income | Median weekly family income | A$1,147 | A$1,582 | A$1,858 | A$2188 | ||
% of Australian median income | 111.7% | 106.8% | 107.1% | 100.14% | |||
Household income | Median weekly household income | A$1,285 | A$1,398 | A$1,658 | A$1903 | ||
% of Australian median income | 109.7% | 113.3% | 111.5% | 104.05% |
Council
[edit]Composition and election methods
[edit]Term | Aldermen/Councillors | Wards | Mayor |
---|---|---|---|
1871–1891 | 9 | No wards | Annual election by Aldermen |
1891–1893 | 12 | ||
1893–1948 | 9 | ||
1949–1950 | 24 | Ward One (9, Penrith) Ward Two (9, St Marys) Ward Three (3, Nepean) Ward Four (3, Castlereagh) | |
1950–1959 | 12 (3 per ward) | Ward One Ward Two Ward Three Ward Four | |
1959–1963 | 13 (3 per ward: 12 Aldermen, 1 Mayor) | Direct triennial election | |
1963–1968 | 13 (4 per ward: 12 Aldermen, 1 Mayor) | North Ward South Ward East Ward | |
1968–1987 | 12 (4 per ward) | Annual election by Aldermen/Councillors | |
1987–date | 15 (5 per ward) |
Current composition and election method
[edit]Penrith City Council is composed of fifteen councillors elected proportionally as three separate wards, each electing five councillors. All councillors are elected for a fixed four-year term of office. The mayor is elected by the councillors at the first meeting of the council for a two-year term, while the deputy mayor is elected for a single-year term only. The most recent election was held on 4 December 2021. The current council is as follows:[8][9][10]
Party | Councillors | |
---|---|---|
Australian Labor Party | 4 | |
Liberal Party of Australia | 6 | |
Independents | 4 | |
Vacant Seats | 1 | |
Total | 15 |
The current Council, elected in 2021, in order of election by ward, is:
Ward | Councillor | Party | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|
East Ward[8] | Bernard Bratusa | Liberal | ||
Tricia Hitchen | Liberal | Mayor 2022-2023;[11] Deputy Mayor 2016–2017, 2020–2021[12] | ||
Todd Carney | Labor | Mayor 2023–Present; Deputy Mayor 2022–2023 | ||
Marlene Shipley | Independent | |||
Robin Cook | Labor | |||
North Ward[9] | John Thain | Labor | Mayor 2005–2006, 2016–2018; Deputy Mayor 2004–2005[12] | |
Ross Fowler OAM | Liberal | Mayor 1995–1996, 2013–2015, 2018–2020; Deputy Mayor 2015–2016 | ||
Glenn Gardiner | Liberal | |||
Jonathan Pullen | Independent | Member of the Multicultural Working Party and the Recreation Working Party. Was a member of the Labor Party until 2022.[13] | ||
Kevin Crameri OAM | Independent | Mayor 1996–1997, 2009–2011; Deputy Mayor 1988–1989. | ||
South Ward[10] | Karen McKeown OAM | Labor | Mayor 2015–2016, 2020–2021; Deputy Mayor 2006–2007, 2019–2020[14] | |
Mark Davies | Liberal | Mayor 2012–2013; Deputy Mayor 2023–Present | ||
Mark Rusev | Labor | |||
Sue Day | Independent | |||
Jim Aitken OAM | Resigned[15] | Mayor 2008–2009; Deputy Mayor 2010–2011, 2013–2014. Resigned 2023. |
Election results
[edit]2024
[edit]Party | Votes | % | Swing | Seats | Change | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labor | |||||||
Liberal | |||||||
Greens | |||||||
Libertarian | |||||||
Independents | |||||||
Formal votes | |||||||
Informal votes | |||||||
Total | 15 | ||||||
Registered voters / turnout |
2021
[edit]The election was conducted by the Australian Election Company.[16]
Party | Votes | % | Swing | Seats | Change | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labor | 36,376 | 34.5 | –6.2 | 5 | |||
Liberal | 35,081 | 33.3 | +2.9 | 6 | |||
Independent | 10,336 | 9.8 | |||||
Sue Day Independent | 6,859 | 6.5 | 1 | ||||
The North Ward Independents | 5,820 | 5.5 | 1 | ||||
MARCUS CORNISH | 3,868 | 3.7 | |||||
WE DESERVE BETTER | 3,073 | 2.9 | 1 | ||||
Australia First | 2,549 | 2.4 | +2.4 | ||||
People Before Politics | 1,534 | 1.5 | |||||
Formal votes | 105,496 |
Mayors
[edit]Mayor | Party | Term | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Patros Athanas Tornaros | Labor | 1 January 1949 – 5 December 1949 | [17] | |
Bill Chapman | Independent | 5 December 1949 – 11 December 1956 | [18] | |
Bernard Noel Fowler | Independent | 11 December 1956 – 11 December 1957 | [19] | |
Leo Joseph Spies | Labor | 11 December 1957 – 19 April 1961 | [20][21][22][23][24][25] | |
Bill Chapman | Independent | 3 June 1961 – December 1968 | [26][27] | |
Ron Mulock | Labor | December 1968 – September 1971 | [28] | |
Brian King | Independent | September 1971 – September 1974 | [28] | |
Eileen Cammack OBE | Independent | September 1974 – September 1977 | [29] | |
Brian King AM | Independent | September 1977 – September 1985 | [28] | |
Kevin Dwyer OAM | Independent | September 1985 – September 1987 | [28] | |
Rodney Field | Independent | September 1987 – September 1988 | [28] | |
Kevin Dwyer OAM | Independent | September 1988 – September 1989 | [28] | |
Brian King AM | Independent | September 1989 – September 1990 | [28][30] | |
Faye Lo Po' AM | Labor | September 1990 – September 1991 | [28] | |
Tony Aquilina | September 1991 – September 1992 | [28] | ||
Bill Gayed | Independent | September 1992 – September 1993 | [28] | |
Diane Beamer | Labor | September 1993 – September 1994 | [28] | |
Pat Sheehy | September 1994 – September 1995 | [28] | ||
Ross Fowler | Independent | September 1995 – September 1996 | [28] | |
Kevin Crameri OAM | Independent | September 1996 – September 1997 | [28] | |
Kevin Dwyer OAM | Independent | September 1997 – September 1998 | [28][31] | |
John Bateman OAM | Independent | September 1998 – September 2000 | [28] | |
David Bradbury | Labor | September 2000 – September 2001 | [28] | |
Pat Sheehy | September 2001 – September 2002 | [28] | ||
Greg Davies | September 2002 – April 2004 | [28] | ||
David Bradbury | April 2004 – September 2004 | [28] | ||
Jackie Greenow | Independent | September 2004 – September 2005 | [28] | |
John Thain | Labor | September 2005 – September 2006 | [28] | |
Pat Sheehy AM | September 2006 – September 2007 | [28][32] | ||
Greg Davies | September 2007 – September 2008 | [28] | ||
Jim Aitken OAM | Independent | September 2008 – September 2009 | [28][33] | |
Kevin Crameri OAM | Independent | September 2009 – September 2011 | [28][34][35] | |
Greg Davies | Labor | September 2011 – September 2012 | [28] | |
Mark Davies | Liberal | September 2012 – 23 September 2013 | [28] | |
Ross Fowler OAM | 23 September 2013 – September 2015 | [36][37] | ||
Karen McKeown OAM | Labor | September 2015 – 26 September 2016 | [28] | |
John Thain | 26 September 2016 – 24 September 2018 | [12] | ||
Ross Fowler OAM | Liberal | 24 September 2018 – 28 September 2020 | [38] | |
Karen McKeown OAM | Labor | 28 September 2020 – 13 January 2022 | [2] | |
Tricia Hitchen | Liberal | 13 January 2022 – October 2023 | [39] | |
Todd Carney | Labor | October 2023 – present |
Media
[edit]The City of Penrith is served by a weekly newspaper, The Western Weekender, which was founded in 1991. It produces a print edition each Friday as well as a digital news service. The newspaper is independently owned.
Sister cities
[edit]Since it signed its first agreement with Fujieda, Japan in 1984, Penrith City has gradually expanded its sister cities and international links programme. Presently Penrith has links with:
- Penrith, Cumbria, England – Sister City
- Fujieda City, Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan – Sister City
- Hakusan City (incorporating Matto City), Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan – Friendship City
- Kunshan, Jiangsu Province, China – Friendship City
- Xicheng District of Beijing City, China – Mutual Co-operation Agreement
- Gangseo-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea – Mutual Co-operation Agreement
Heritage listings
[edit]The City of Penrith has a number of heritage-listed sites, including:
- Agnes Banks, Rickards Avenue: Agnes Bank Natural Area[40]
- Castlereagh, Castlereagh Road: Upper Castlereagh Public School[41]
- Emu Plains, Main Western railway: Emu Plains railway station[42]
- Londonderry, 947-953 Londonderry Road: Fossil and Petrology collections, New South Wales[43][44]
- Mulgoa, Fairlight Road: Fairlight Homestead[45]
- Mulgoa, Mulgoa Road: Fernhill, Mulgoa[46]
- Mulgoa, 754-760 Mulgoa Road: Glenmore, Mulgoa[47]
- Mulgoa, St Thomas Road: St Thomas' Anglican Church, Mulgoa[48]
- Mulgoa, 2 St Thomas Road: Cox's Cottage[49]
- Penrith, 34-40 Borec Road: Craithes House[50]
- Penrith, 26 Coombes Drive: Torin Building[51]
- Penrith, Great Western railway: Penrith railway station, Sydney[52]
- Penrith, Nepean River, Great Western Highway: Victoria Bridge (Penrith)[53]
- Penrith, Off Bruce Neale Dr, Steel Trusses 1.3 km past station: Emu Plains Underbridge[54]
- Penrith, 1 Museum Drive: Penrith Museum of Fire,[55] including the following:
- Fire and Rescue NSW Heritage Fleet[56]
- NSW Fire Brigades No 10 Vehicle Number Plates[57]
- 1869 Shand Mason 7 inch Manual Fire Engine[58]
- 1891 Shand Mason Fire Engine[59]
- 1898 Shand Mason Curricle Ladders[60]
- 1909 Edward Smith Headquarters Switchboard[61]
- 1929 Ahrens Fox PS2 Fire Engine[62]
- 1939 Dennis Big 6 Fire Engine[63]
- 1942 Ford 21W Fire Brigade Mobile Canteen[64]
- Regentville, 427 Mulgoa Road: Glenleigh Estate[65]
- St Marys, Great Western Railway: St Marys railway station, Sydney[66]
- St Marys, Mamre Road: Mamre, St Marys[67]
- Werrington, Water Street: Rose Cottage and Early Slab Hut[68]
References
[edit]- ^ a b Australian Bureau of Statistics (28 June 2022). "Penrith (C)". 2021 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 5 July 2017.
- ^ a b City Council, Penrith. "History made as new Council appoints Mayor, Deputy Mayor| Penrith City Council". Retrieved 14 January 2022.
- ^ a b "History of Local Government development in the Penrith and Surrounding Districts". Penrith City Council. 25 May 2009. Archived from the original on 22 June 2014. Retrieved 12 November 2009.
- ^ a b c d Australian Bureau of Statistics (31 October 2012). "Penrith (C)". 2011 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 8 December 2012.
- ^ a b Australian Bureau of Statistics (9 March 2006). "Penrith (C)". 2001 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 8 December 2012.
- ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (25 October 2007). "Penrith (C)". 2006 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 8 December 2012.
- ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (27 June 2017). "Penrith (C)". 2016 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 5 July 2017.
- ^ a b "Penrith City Council Election Night Results East Ward". Local Government Elections 2021. Australian Election Company. 17 December 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2023.
- ^ a b "Penrith City Council Election Night Results North Ward". Local Government Elections 2021. Australian Election Company. 17 December 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2023.
- ^ a b "Penrith City Council Election Night Results South Ward". Local Government Elections 2021. Australian Election Company. 17 December 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2023.
- ^ "Penrith Mayor Tricia Hitchen revealed her priorities as history is made". The Daily Telegraph. News Corp. 18 January 2022. Retrieved 14 August 2023.
- ^ a b c Georgopoulos, Marissa (28 September 2016). "Councillors John Thain and Tricia Hitchen to lead as mayor and deputy mayor". Penrith Press. Retrieved 1 June 2018.
- ^ Feszczuk, Emily (27 June 2022). "Council bombshell: Jonathan Pullen quits Labor". The Western Weekender. Retrieved 15 August 2023.
- ^ Higgins, Alena (24 September 2019). "Karen McKeown to take over as Penrith's Deputy Mayor". The Western Weekender. Retrieved 29 September 2019.
- ^ Dodds, Troy (20 July 2023). "Veteran Penrith City Councillor Jim Aitken formally resigns". The Western Weekender. Retrieved 15 August 2023.
- ^ a b "Penrith". ABC News.
- ^ "First Meeting of United Penrith Council". Nepean Times. Vol. 66, no. 4681. New South Wales, Australia. 23 December 1948. p. 1. Retrieved 2 June 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^ "Ald. Chapman, Mayor of Penrith". Nepean Times. Vol. 67, no. 4729. New South Wales, Australia. 8 December 1949. p. 1. Retrieved 2 June 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^ "Ald. B. Fowler Elected Mayor of Penrith". Nepean Times. Vol. 72, no. 5081. New South Wales, Australia. 13 December 1956. p. 1. Retrieved 2 June 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^ "Ald. L. Spies Now Mayor of Penrith". Nepean Times. Vol. 75, no. 3891. New South Wales, Australia. 12 December 1957. p. 1. Retrieved 2 June 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^ "Re-elected: Ald. Spies as Mayor, Ald. Thomas Deputy Mayor of Penrith". Nepean Times. Vol. 76, no. 3942. New South Wales, Australia. 18 December 1958. p. 1. Retrieved 2 June 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^ "The Mayor". Nepean Times. Vol. 77, no. 3991. New South Wales, Australia. 10 December 1959. p. 1. Retrieved 2 June 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^ "Penrith Plan: May How Remove All Uncertainty in Minds of Public of Penrith: The Mayor". Nepean Times. Vol. 78, no. 4004. New South Wales, Australia. 24 March 1960. p. 1. Retrieved 2 June 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^ "Citizens Mourn Mayor: Many Tributes". Nepean Times. Vol. 79, no. 4032. New South Wales, Australia. 27 April 1961. p. 1. Retrieved 2 June 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^ "Mayor's Successor". Nepean Times. Vol. 79, no. 4032. New South Wales, Australia. 27 April 1961. p. 1. Retrieved 2 June 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^ "Mayor Quick off the Mark Starting Duties". Nepean Times. Vol. 79, no. 4038. New South Wales, Australia. 8 June 1961. p. 1. Retrieved 2 June 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^ "Congratulations for New Mayor". Nepean Times. Vol. 79, no. 4038. New South Wales, Australia. 8 June 1961. p. 1. Retrieved 2 June 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac "Mayors – Penrith City Council". Local government history. Penrith City Council. Retrieved 1 June 2018.
- ^ "Cammack, Eileen (1914 – 2000)". The Australian Women's Register. 2005. Retrieved 2 June 2018.
- ^ "KING, Brian – Member of the Order of Australia". It's an Honour database. Australian Government. 9 June 1986. Retrieved 2 June 2018.
For service to local government and to the community.
- ^ Bradbury, David (25 May 2010). "Constituency Statements – Lindsay Electorate: Mr Kevin Dwyer OAM" (Hansard). ParlInfo. Parliament of Australia. Retrieved 1 June 2018.
- ^ "Sheehy, Patrick Francis – Member of the Order of Australia". It's an Honour database. Australian Government. 13 June 2005. Retrieved 1 June 2018.
For service to local government through the Penrith City Council, and to the community of Western Sydney, particularly in the areas of education and health services.
- ^ "Aitken, James Ashley – Medal of the Order of Australia". It's an Honour database. Australian Government. 8 June 1998. Retrieved 1 June 2018.
For service to the community of the Penrith District, Particularly Through Youth Welfare and Service Organisations and to Local Government.
- ^ "Crameri, Kevin Douglas – Medal of the Order of Australia". It's an Honour database. Australian Government. 7 June 1999. Retrieved 1 June 2018.
For Service to Local Government and to the Community of Penrith.
- ^ "Crameri, Kevin Douglas – Centenary Medal". It's an Honour database. Australian Government. 1 January 2001. Retrieved 1 June 2018.
For community service through the rural fire brigade, Red Cross and NSW Police Citizens' Boys Club.
- ^ Cheng, Kevin (24 September 2013). "Councillor Ross Fowler elected as Penrith Mayor". Penrith Press. Retrieved 1 June 2018.
- ^ "Fowler, Ross Bernard – Medal of the Order of Australia". It's an Honour database. Australian Government. 26 January 2008. Retrieved 1 June 2018.
For service to local government, and to the community of Penrith through a range of service and disabled care organisations.
- ^ Dodds, Troy (24 September 2018). "Fowler elected new Penrith Mayor". The Western Weekender. Retrieved 29 September 2019.
- ^ "History made as new Council appoints Mayor, Deputy Mayor". www.penrithcity.nsw.gov.au. City of Penrith. 13 January 2022. Retrieved 6 March 2023.
- ^ "Natural Area". New South Wales State Heritage Register. Department of Planning & Environment. H00649. Retrieved 18 May 2018. Text is licensed by State of New South Wales (Department of Planning and Environment) under CC-BY 4.0 licence.
- ^ "Upper Castlereagh Public School and residence". New South Wales State Heritage Register. Department of Planning & Environment. H00339. Retrieved 18 May 2018. Text is licensed by State of New South Wales (Department of Planning and Environment) under CC-BY 4.0 licence.
- ^ "Emu Plains Railway Station group". New South Wales State Heritage Register. Department of Planning & Environment. H01136. Retrieved 18 May 2018. Text is licensed by State of New South Wales (Department of Planning and Environment) under CC-BY 4.0 licence.
- ^ "Fossil Collection". New South Wales State Heritage Register. Department of Planning & Environment. H00971. Retrieved 18 May 2018. Text is licensed by State of New South Wales (Department of Planning and Environment) under CC-BY 4.0 licence.
- ^ "Petrology Collection". New South Wales State Heritage Register. Department of Planning & Environment. H00973. Retrieved 18 May 2018. Text is licensed by State of New South Wales (Department of Planning and Environment) under CC-BY 4.0 licence.
- ^ "Fairlight Homestead & Barn". New South Wales State Heritage Register. Department of Planning & Environment. H00262. Retrieved 18 May 2018. Text is licensed by State of New South Wales (Department of Planning and Environment) under CC-BY 4.0 licence.
- ^ "Fernhill". New South Wales State Heritage Register. Department of Planning & Environment. H00054. Retrieved 18 May 2018. Text is licensed by State of New South Wales (Department of Planning and Environment) under CC-BY 4.0 licence.
- ^ "Glenmore". New South Wales State Heritage Register. Department of Planning & Environment. H00074. Retrieved 18 May 2018. Text is licensed by State of New South Wales (Department of Planning and Environment) under CC-BY 4.0 licence.
- ^ "St. Thomas Anglican Church". New South Wales State Heritage Register. Department of Planning & Environment. H00426. Retrieved 18 May 2018. Text is licensed by State of New South Wales (Department of Planning and Environment) under CC-BY 4.0 licence.
- ^ "Cox's Cottage". New South Wales State Heritage Register. Department of Planning & Environment. H00171. Retrieved 18 May 2018. Text is licensed by State of New South Wales (Department of Planning and Environment) under CC-BY 4.0 licence.
- ^ "Craithes House". New South Wales State Heritage Register. Department of Planning & Environment. H00378. Retrieved 18 May 2018. Text is licensed by State of New South Wales (Department of Planning and Environment) under CC-BY 4.0 licence.
- ^ "Torin Building". New South Wales State Heritage Register. Department of Planning & Environment. H01796. Retrieved 18 May 2018. Text is licensed by State of New South Wales (Department of Planning and Environment) under CC-BY 4.0 licence.
- ^ "Penrith Railway Station group". New South Wales State Heritage Register. Department of Planning & Environment. H01222. Retrieved 18 May 2018. Text is licensed by State of New South Wales (Department of Planning and Environment) under CC-BY 4.0 licence.
- ^ "Victoria Bridge". New South Wales State Heritage Register. Department of Planning & Environment. H01950. Retrieved 18 May 2018. Text is licensed by State of New South Wales (Department of Planning and Environment) under CC-BY 4.0 licence.
- ^ "Emu Plains (Nepean River) Underbridge". New South Wales State Heritage Register. Department of Planning & Environment. H01830. Retrieved 18 May 2018. Text is licensed by State of New South Wales (Department of Planning and Environment) under CC-BY 4.0 licence.
- ^ Penrith Museum of Fire Archived 11 April 2006 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved 18 June 2009
- ^ "Fire and Rescue NSW Heritage Fleet". New South Wales State Heritage Register. Department of Planning & Environment. H01902. Retrieved 18 May 2018. Text is licensed by State of New South Wales (Department of Planning and Environment) under CC-BY 4.0 licence.
- ^ "NSW Fire Brigades No 10 Vehicle Number Plates". New South Wales State Heritage Register. Department of Planning & Environment. H01519. Retrieved 18 May 2018. Text is licensed by State of New South Wales (Department of Planning and Environment) under CC-BY 4.0 licence.
- ^ "Shand Mason 7 inch Manual Fire Engine (1869)". New South Wales State Heritage Register. Department of Planning & Environment. H01898. Retrieved 18 May 2018. Text is licensed by State of New South Wales (Department of Planning and Environment) under CC-BY 4.0 licence.
- ^ "Shand Mason Fire Engine (1891)". New South Wales State Heritage Register. Department of Planning & Environment. H01716. Retrieved 18 May 2018. Text is licensed by State of New South Wales (Department of Planning and Environment) under CC-BY 4.0 licence.
- ^ "Shand Mason Curricle Ladders (1898)". New South Wales State Heritage Register. Department of Planning & Environment. H01899. Retrieved 18 May 2018. Text is licensed by State of New South Wales (Department of Planning and Environment) under CC-BY 4.0 licence.
- ^ "Edward Smith Headquarters Switchboard (1909)". New South Wales State Heritage Register. Department of Planning & Environment. H01901. Retrieved 18 May 2018. Text is licensed by State of New South Wales (Department of Planning and Environment) under CC-BY 4.0 licence.
- ^ "Ahrens Fox PS2 Fire Engine (1929)". New South Wales State Heritage Register. Department of Planning & Environment. H01717. Retrieved 18 May 2018. Text is licensed by State of New South Wales (Department of Planning and Environment) under CC-BY 4.0 licence.
- ^ "Dennis Big 6 Fire Engine (1939)". New South Wales State Heritage Register. Department of Planning & Environment. H01718. Retrieved 18 May 2018. Text is licensed by State of New South Wales (Department of Planning and Environment) under CC-BY 4.0 licence.
- ^ "Ford 21W Fire Brigade Mobile Canteen (1942)". New South Wales State Heritage Register. Department of Planning & Environment. H01900. Retrieved 18 May 2018. Text is licensed by State of New South Wales (Department of Planning and Environment) under CC-BY 4.0 licence.
- ^ "Glenleigh Estate". New South Wales State Heritage Register. Department of Planning & Environment. H00346. Retrieved 18 May 2018. Text is licensed by State of New South Wales (Department of Planning and Environment) under CC-BY 4.0 licence.
- ^ "St. Marys Railway Station Group". New South Wales State Heritage Register. Department of Planning & Environment. H01249. Retrieved 18 May 2018. Text is licensed by State of New South Wales (Department of Planning and Environment) under CC-BY 4.0 licence.
- ^ "Mamre". New South Wales State Heritage Register. Department of Planning & Environment. H00264. Retrieved 18 May 2018. Text is licensed by State of New South Wales (Department of Planning and Environment) under CC-BY 4.0 licence.
- ^ "Rose Cottage and Early Slab Hut". New South Wales State Heritage Register. Department of Planning & Environment. H01392. Retrieved 18 May 2018. Text is licensed by State of New South Wales (Department of Planning and Environment) under CC-BY 4.0 licence.