Ford Mustang: Difference between revisions
rv no need for quotes, it means what it means |
|||
| Line 65: | Line 65: | ||
{{main|Ford Mustang variants}} |
{{main|Ford Mustang variants}} |
||
While the original concept for the Mustang did not foresee its evolution into a performance car, Ford has catered to individuals looking for more performance. Early variants available direct from the factory included the [[Boss 302 Mustang]] and [[Mach 1]]. While high performance vehicles fell out of favor during the fuel crisis of the 1970s, the tradition was carried forward in later years with the [[Ford Mustang SVO]] and [[Ford Mustang SVT Cobra]]. Over the years, third party vendors and independent car designers have utilized the Mustang as a starting point for their own designs. Designers such as [[Carroll Shelby]] and companies such as [[Roush Performance]] and [[Saleen]] have made a name for themselves by specializing in producing Mustang performance parts and building custom cars. |
While the original concept for the Mustang did not foresee its evolution into a performance car, Ford has catered to individuals looking for more performance. Early variants available direct from the factory included the [[Boss 302 Mustang]] and [[Mach 1]]. While high performance vehicles fell out of favor during the fuel crisis of the 1970s, the tradition was carried forward in later years with the [[Ford Mustang SVO]] and [[Ford Mustang SVT Cobra]]. Over the years, third party vendors and independent car designers have utilized the Mustang as a starting point for their own designs. Designers such as [[Carroll Shelby]] and companies such as [[Roush Performance]] and [[Saleen]] have made a name for themselves by specializing in producing Mustang performance parts and building custom cars. Jasmine must have one!! |
||
==Racing== |
==Racing== |
||
Revision as of 23:31, 11 March 2008
| Ford Mustang | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Overview | |
| Manufacturer | Ford Motor Company |
| Also called | Mustang |
| Production | 1964-present |
| Assembly | USA |
| Body and chassis | |
| Class | Pony car |
| Body style | 2-door 2+2 seat coupe |
| Layout | FR layout |
The Ford Mustang is a automobile produced by the Ford Motor Company, originally based on the Ford Falcon compact.[1] The first production Mustang rolled off the assembly line in Dearborn, Michigan on March 9, 1964, and was introduced to the public at the New York World's Fair on April 17, 1964, via all three American television networks on April 19, and made an appearance in the James Bond film Goldfinger in September of 1964. It was one of the most successful product launches in automotive history. The Mustang sold over one million units in its first 18 months on the market. The Mustang created a new "pony car" class of cars by adapting the "long hood, short deck" look of sports cars to compact sedans. It spawned many competitors such as the Camaro, and inspired smaller import coupes such as the Toyota Celica and Ford Capri. The latest (Fifth Generation) Mustang has also been used as the new avatar of KITT in Knight Rider 2008. The Mustang has remained in continuous production to present day after many decades and numerous revisions.
First generation (1964–1973)
First conceived by Ford product manager Donald N. Frey [2][3] and championed by Ford Division general manager Lee Iacocca, the Mustang prototype was a two-seat, mid-engine roadster. This would later be remodeled as a four-seat car penned by David Ash and John Oros[4] in Ford's Lincoln–Mercury Division design studios, which produced the winning design in an intramural design contest called by Iacocca. To cut down the development cost, the Mustang was based heavily on familiar, yet simple components. Much of the chassis, suspension, and drivetrain components were derived from the Ford Falcon and Fairlane. The car had a unitized platform-type frame, which was taken from the 1964 Falcon, and welded box-section side rails, including welded crossmembers. Although hardtop Mustangs were the majority of the sales, durability problems with the new frame led to the unusual step of engineering the (necessarily less rigid) convertible first, which ensured adequate stiffness. Overall length of the Mustang and Falcon was identical, although the Mustang's wheelbase was slightly shorter. With an overall width of 68.2 in (1732 mm), it was 2.4 in (61 mm) narrower, yet the wheel track was nearly identical. Shipping weight, about 2570 lb (1170 kg) with the six-cylinder engine, was also similar. A fully-equipped V8 model weighed about 3000 lb (1360 kg). Though most of the mechanical parts were taken directly from the Falcon, the Mustang's body shell was completely different; sporting a shorter wheelbase, wider track, lower seating position, and overall height. An industry first, the "torque box" was an innovative structural system that greatly stiffened the Mustang's construction and helped contribute to better handling.
Second generation (1974–1978)
The much larger 1973 Mustang was a far different car than the original 1964 model. Ford was deluged with mail from fans of the original car who demanded that the Mustang be returned to its original size and concept. This process would eventually result in the Mustang II. Upon taking over the presidency of Ford Motor Company in December, 1970, Lee Iacocca ordered the development of a smaller Mustang for 1974 introduction with initial plans calling for the downsized Mustang to be based on the compact Ford Maverick, which was similar in size and power to the Falcon upon which the original Mustang had been based. Those plans were later scrapped in favor of an even smaller Mustang based on the subcompact Ford Pinto. Such a car could better compete with smaller sporty import coupes such as the Toyota Celica and Ford Capri, then built by Ford of Germany and Britain, and sold in the U.S. by Mercury as a "captive import".
Third generation (1979–1993)
For 1979, the all new Mustang was based on the larger Fox platform, initially developed for the Ford Fairmont and Mercury Zephyr twins that debuted in 1978. The interior was completely restyled and could now more comfortably seat four, even with the smaller back seat. The new Mustang also had more trunk space and a bigger engine bay for better serviceability. Body styles included a coupe (notchback) and hatchback (fastback). Trim levels included, LX, GT, Cobra, and Cobra R. Engine choices included the Template:Auto hp 2.3 L four-cylinder, Template:Auto hp 2.8 L Cologne V6 (made by Ford of Europe), and the Template:Auto hp Template:Auto CID.[5] All were carried over from the Mustang II line. Supplies of the 2.8 L proved inadequate leading to it being replaced in mid-1979 with Ford's Template:Auto hp. 3.3 L inline-six. A new Template:Auto hp 2.3 L turbo four-cylinder, debuted, which offered similar horsepower to the V8.
Fourth generation (1994–2004)
In 1994, the Mustang underwent its first major redesign in 15 years. The design, code named "SN-95" by Ford, was based on an updated version of the rear-wheel drive Fox platform known as "Fox-4". It featured dramatic new styling by Patrick Schiavone that incorporated some stylistic elements similar to those on earlier Mustangs.[6] However, unlike all earlier Mustangs, a fastback model was unavailable.
The base model came with a 3.8 L V6 engine rated at (1994-1995) Template:Auto hp or (1996-1998) Template:Auto hp, while the GT featured the 302 cu in V8, now using the intake manifold from the Thunderbird, a 60 mm throttle body, and a Template:Auto hp rating. The Cobra model also returned with its GT-40 equipped 302 cu in engine, now rated at Template:Auto hp. The Mustang was named Motor Trend magazine's Car of the Year for the third time in 1994. In 1996 the Ford Modular engine was introduced for the first time for the Mustang.
Fifth generation (2005–present)
At the 2004 North American International Auto Show, Ford introduced a completely redesigned Mustang which was codenamed "S-197" and based on an all-new D2C platform for the 2005 model year. Developed under the direction of Chief Engineer Hau Thai-Tang and exterior styling designer Sid Ramnarace, the fifth generation Mustang draws inspiration from Mustangs of the 1960s, notably the 1967-68 models. It was this redesigned aesthetic that inspired Ford's Senior Vice President of Design, J Mays, to call it "retro-futurism." The 2005 Mustang's unique retro coupe styling complements its muscle car status with an approximate weight to power ratio of 11.5:1. The current Mustangs are manufactured at the AutoAlliance International plant in Flat Rock, Michigan. The base Mustang, equipped with a 5-speed Tremec T-5 manual transmission, is powered by a cast iron block 200 hp (156 kW) 4.0 L SOHC Ford Cologne V6 engine, replacing the 3.8 L pushrod V6. The Mustang GT features a more rugged Tremec TR-3650 transmission with an aluminum 300 hp (224 kW) 4.6 L 3-valve Modular V8 with variable camshaft timing.
Special editions and modified Mustangs
While the original concept for the Mustang did not foresee its evolution into a performance car, Ford has catered to individuals looking for more performance. Early variants available direct from the factory included the Boss 302 Mustang and Mach 1. While high performance vehicles fell out of favor during the fuel crisis of the 1970s, the tradition was carried forward in later years with the Ford Mustang SVO and Ford Mustang SVT Cobra. Over the years, third party vendors and independent car designers have utilized the Mustang as a starting point for their own designs. Designers such as Carroll Shelby and companies such as Roush Performance and Saleen have made a name for themselves by specializing in producing Mustang performance parts and building custom cars. Jasmine must have one!!
Racing
![[icon]](/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg){kind=small} |
In the 1960s and into the mid-1970s Mustangs were prominently used in the Trans Am Series. Currently, Mustangs are used in a number of different racing series, including the KONI Challenge Series, where it won the manufacturers title in 2005. The Mustang remains a popular track and drag strip car at amateur and professional levels of competition.
Awards
The Mustang has been on the Car and Driver Ten Best list five times: 1983, 1987, 1988, 2005, and 2006, and won Motor Trend Car of the Year award in both 1974 and 1994. Ford Division's entire car line won the Car(s) of the Year award in 1964, which was the Mustang's first year of production, but a few weeks before its actual introduction. The 1965 Mustang also won the Tiffany Gold Medal for excellence in American design, which was the first automobile to ever do so. In 2005, the Mustang was nominated for the North American Car of the Year award and won the Canadian Car of the Year award.
See also
Notes
- ^ Iacocca: An Autobiography, by Lee Iacocca, Chapter VI
- ^ National Medal of Technology recipient [1]
- ^ Time magazine article [2]
- ^ http://www.nytimes.com/2006/05/11/garden/11viktor.html?ex=1176177600&en=70832a56ef031791&ei=5070
- ^ "The 1979 Ford Mustang Engines" by the Auto Editors of Consumer Guide, undated, retrieved on February 25 2008.
- ^ http://auto.howstuffworks.com/1994-1995-1996-1997-1998-ford-mustang.htm by the Auto Editors of Consumer Guide
References
- "2005 Mustang draws inspiration from the 60's". CanadianDriver. CanadianDriver Communications, Inc. Retrieved 2004-01-11.
- Chilton Automotive Books (August 1, 1997). Ford Mustang/Mercury Cougar, 1964-73 Repair Manual (1st Edition ed.). Radnor, PA: Thomson Delmar Learning. p. 450. ISBN 0-8019-9060-2.
{{cite book}}:|edition=has extra text (help); Check date values in:|date=(help); Cite has empty unknown parameter:|coauthors=(help) - Leffingwell, Randy (2003). Mustang Forty Years. Osceola: MBI Publishing. ISBN 0760315973.
- "The Reminiscences of L. David Ash". Automobile in American Life and Society. University of Michigan-Dearborn and The Henry Ford. Retrieved 2005-01-30.
{{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|accessyear=(help)
External links
| Current models |
|  | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Former models (by date of introduction) |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Military | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Related topics | |||||||||||||||||||||||
