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Kenya Police

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Kenya Police Service
Polisi wa Kenya
The Kenya Police patch.
The Kenya Police patch.
Flag of the Kenya Police
Flag of the Kenya Police
Common nameKenya Police
Karau/Polisi
MottoUtumishi kwa Wote
(Template:Lang-en)
Agency overview
Formed1906 [1]
Employees42000 (approx), [2]
Jurisdictional structure
Operations jurisdictionKEN
Map of Kenya Police Service's jurisdiction
Size581,309 square kilometres (224,445 sq mi)
Population44,354,000
Legal jurisdictionKenya
General nature
Operational structure
HeadquartersVigilance House, Harambee Ave, Nairobi
Agency executive
Parent agencyKenya
Units
List
CountiesCounties of Kenya
Facilities
AirbasesWilson Airport
Mil Mi-17, MBB Bo 105 Cessnas15
Website
kenyapolice.go.ke
General Service Unit police condon off Uhuru Park to bar opposition from holding their mass protest rally: January 2008.

The Kenya Police is a national body in charge of law enforcement in Kenya. While organised at a national level, each arm reports to a County police authority, which in turn divides its force by local Police Divisions, headquartered at local police stations. All these element report to a National Kenya Police Headquarters in Nairobi, and several specialist elements, such as the Kenya Police College, are commanded directly from here. An Administration Police service is commanded through a hierarchy separate from that of the National Kenya Police.[5] For other state security bodies see Law enforcement in Kenya.

History

The current force was established as a British colonial police force in 1907. From the 1887 to 1902 policing was provided by the East Africa Trading Company (after 1902 the Kenya-Uganda Railway introduced their police units as well).[6]

In 1906 the Police Ordinance was established to create a new force in 1907 and the current force's name came into effect in 1920. The colonial force was made up mainly of British and Indian recruits as senior officers and Africans amongst lower ranks.[6]

Following Kenya's independence, the British officers were replaced with local Kenyan members.

Current structure

The current Kenyan police force, consists of three forces which report to the Inspector-General of Police, and is a department of Ministry of Interior and Co-ordination of National Government,[7] one of the two ministries in the Office of the President. As of October 2003 the force fielded about 35,000 officers[8] and is divided into eleven service and one training formations, who work in divisions in each of the eight provinces. Each county is headed by a Provincial Police Officer (PPO); each province is further divided into police divisions headed by an Officer Commanding Police Division (OCPD) normally in the rank of Deputy Commissioner of Police (DCP). The police divisions are divided into police stations headed by an Officer Commanding Police Station (OCS). National Kenya Police Headquarters is located at Vigilance House on Harambee Avenue in Nairobi's Central Business District (CBD). The inspector general is responsible for all administrative and personnel matters affecting the force. The Kenya Police is governed by the force standing orders which establishes the formation of various units and their scope of work. Every unit of the Kenya Police Service now undergoes specialized officer corps training from world class experts. Among the international police training associations that have been given this arduous task, the most notable are the World Police Academy in Canada and the Dallas Police Department in USA. The World Police Academy is a premier police training institution that is also a global security and police think tank. It offers democracies in developing economies the opportunity to introduce Canadian policing standards into the senior ranks of their police forces.[9] Getting this academy to undertake this training was achieved by the progressive thinking of current Kenyan police chiefs. The Dallas Police Department has a recognizable brand of policing and their systems are respected in many areas of the USA. Securing the training from such renowned training institutions is a positive approach for the future security of Kenya.

Current Formations

The current Inspector General is Joseph Kipchirchir Boinett following the introduction of the position to replace the police commissioner. He is the second holder of the position after David Mwole Kimaiyo.[10] The immediate former police commissioner is Mathew Kirai Iteere who is also the former General Service Unit (GSU) commandant.[11] He was deputised by the Principal Deputy Police Commissioner, Francis Okonya. Julius Ndegwa is the Director of Police Operations. The Kenya Police is divided into the following formations;[12] the unit commandants/directors generally hold the rank of Senior Deputy Commissioner of Police (S/DCP) I or II, or Senior Assistant Commissioner of Police (S/ACP):

  1. General Service Unit (GSU): both headquarters and training school are in Nairobi; the Commandant is Joel Mboya Kitili
  2. Anti Stock Theft Unit: it is situated at Gilgil in Naivasha district, 117 km from Nairobi
  3. Criminal Investigation Department: It is headquartered in Karura, Nairobi. In August 2010 Ndegwa Muhoro was appointed CID Director[13]
  4. Traffic Police Department: headed by Charlton Murithi, with main offices in Nairobi
  5. Kenya Police College: located in Kiganjo; commanding officer is Peter Kavila
  6. Kenya Police Air Wing: has its offices in Nairobi, led by Colonel Rodgers Mbithi
  7. Kenya Railways Police: commanded in Nairobi by Kirimi Ringera
  8. Kenya Police Dog Unit: unit chief is Dr Gideon Ngumi in Nairobi
  9. Tourism Police Unit: led by Jostine Barmao with offices in Old Nairobi Area Provincial Police Hqrs.
  10. Kenya Airports Police Unit: headed by Joseph ole Tito with offices in Nairobi and three divisions (Nairobi, Eldoret, Moi airports)
  11. Maritime Police Unit: headquartered at Kilindini Harbour in Mombasa, commanded by Stanley Lenamai
  12. Diplomatic Police Unit: Allan Sangaro leads the unit from the Nairobi offices, deputy commandant is [Ambrose Mwawaka]

Societal impact

File:Kenya Police Vehicle.jpg
Police Vehicle in Kenya

Following a history of human rights abuses by the Kenya Police, efforts are being made to reform the force.[14] Kenyan policemen are poorly paid and have to make use with archaic housing that has not been expanded or renovated since the 1970s. This has made them very susceptible to corruption and crime. Extortion and bribery are not unknown practices and the Kenyan people rank the police among the most corrupt bodies in the country.[15][16] In July 2010 the Minister, Prof. George Saitoti, announced a 28% pay increase for junior officers and a 25% pay increase for senior officers. This reform means that the most junior officer, a Police Constable, shall receive Ksh 21,000/month including allowances.[17] [18]

Police ranks

Kenya Police Air Wing
Kenya Police Mil Mi-17

The Kenya Police wear badges of rank on the shoulders (Inspector-General – Inspector) and sleeve (Senior Sergeant – Constable) of their uniform to denote their rank. In line with the ongoing reforms, the uniforms committee is also working on new insignia for the revised rank structure, which will have to be approved by the National Police Service Commission.[19] The order of Kenya Police ranks is as follows:[20]

Former Kenya Police ranks and insignia can be found at this reference.[21]

Commissioners of Police & Inspectors-General

From 1906 to 1964 the force was headed by British officers.

The following officers have to date served in the capacity of Commissioner of Police:[22]

The following officers have served as Inspector-General:

  • David Mwole Kimaiyo 2012–2014[24]
  • Acting Inspector-General Samuel Arachi 31 December 2014 - March 11, 2015
  • Joseph Kipchirchir Boinett March 11, 2015 - [25]

Ongoing changes

Following the promulgation of the new Constitution of Kenya on 27 August 2010, as laid down in Chapter 17 Part 4, the Kenyan police forces is undergoing a series of reforms. Hence called The Kenya Police Service, it is now headed by an Inspector-General and the division of its functions are organised to take into account the devolved structure of government in Kenya.

Equipment

The equipment of the Kenya Police and General Service Unit (GSU) a paramilitary wing of the Kenyan Police comprises:

See also

References

  1. ^ http://www.humanrightsinitiative.org/programs/aj/police/ea/articles/draft_strategic_plan_2003-07.pdf
  2. ^ http://www.aa.com.tr/en/news/317856--record-number-of-kenya-police-graduates-in-april
  3. ^ Cite error: The named reference interpol.int was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  4. ^ Cite error: The named reference aa.int was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  5. ^ "(2010) Crime and Development in Kenya".
  6. ^ a b http://www.academia.edu/4406247/History_of_the_Police_in_Kenya_1885-1960
  7. ^ "Kenya Police". Ministry of Interior and Coordination of National Government.
  8. ^ "Kenya: The police service, including chain of command, officer ranks, badge identification, police headquarters and stations". UNHCHR. Retrieved 1 September 2010.
  9. ^ "Welcome to World Police Academy". World Police Academy. Retrieved 1 September 2010.
  10. ^ Ustawi.info.ke: Structure and Composition of the National Police Service [1]
  11. ^ a b Daily Nation, 8 September 2009: Kibaki moves Ali, names new Kenya police boss
  12. ^ "Kenya Police Formation". Kenya Police. Archived from the original on 27 July 2010. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  13. ^ "Kibaki names new CID boss". Daily Nation.
  14. ^ kenyapolice.go.ke
  15. ^ Survey: Police are most corrupt in Kenya. United Press International. 18 July 2008
  16. ^ Kenya police still most corrupt. BBC News. 21 August 2007.
  17. ^ "Kenya police get pay raise". Daily Nation.
  18. ^ "Crime and Development in Kenya".
  19. ^ "Number of senior police ranks reduced to boost service". Business Daily Africa. 30 January 2013. Retrieved 6 May 2014.
  20. ^ Commission on the Implementation of the Constitution. "The National Police Service (Amendment) Billl, 2013". Retrieved 6 May 2014.
  21. ^ Kenya Police. "Kenya Police - Insignia". Retrieved 6 May 2014.
  22. ^ "Former Commissioners". Kenya Police. Archived from the original on 31 July 2010. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  23. ^ a b Daily Nation website, 30 December 2008: Former police chief Nyaseda dies in hospital
  24. ^ http://www.standardmedia.co.ke/?articleID=2000073579&story_title=Kenya-Kimaiyo-to-be-sworn-in-Monday
  25. ^ http://ustawi.info.ke/index.php/government/government-under-the-new-constitution/national-police-service?showall=&start=2
  26. ^ Kenya Police Air Wing-becomes-first-African-customer-to-operate-Eurocopter-s-enhanced-AS350B3e-helicopter_860.html
  27. ^ Kenya Security Information – Institute for Security Studies retrieved on 28 May 2007
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