List of heads of government of Romania

This is a list of the heads of government of the modern Romanian state, from the establishment of the United Principalities to the present day.

Affiliations

The political stance of prime ministers prior to the development of a modern party system is given by:

C (Conservative)	MC (Moderate Conservative)
RL (Radical Liberal)	ML (Moderate Liberal)

The political stance of prime ministers after the development of a modern party system is given by:

PNL = National Liberal Party (historical)/(post-1990)	PC = Conservative Party
PNR = Romanian National Party	PP = People's Party
PCD = Conservative-Democratic Party	PNȚ = National Peasants' Party
PND = Democratic Nationalist Party	PNC = National Christian Party
FRN = National Renaissance Front (from 1940 PN; Party of the Nation)	FP = Ploughmen's Front
PMR = Romanian Workers' Party (from 1965 PCR; Romanian Communist Party)	FSN = National Salvation Front
PDSR = Party of Social Democracy in Romania (from 2001 PSD; Social Democratic Party)	PNȚCD = Christian-Democratic National Peasants' Party
PSDR = Romanian Social Democratic Party	PD-L = Democratic Liberal Party
Mil. = Military	Ind. = Independent

Interim officeholders are denoted by italics.

List of officeholders

From 1859 to 1862, the two Principalities had each its own Government, and a Cabinet, seated in Iași and Bucharest respectively. In 1862 Alexandru Ioan Cuza changed the Constitution and there appeared a single Government and Cabinet, seated in Bucharest.

PM Nº	Name (Birth–Death)	Portrait	Election	Term of office		Party	Cabinet	Cab. Nº
United Principalities Presidents of the Council of Ministers 1862–1881
1	Barbu Catargiu (1807–1862)		?	15 February 1862	8 June 1862	C	B. Catargiu	1
—	Apostol Arsache (1789–1869) Acting Prime Minister		—	8 June 1862	23 June 1862	C	B. Catargiu	1
2	Nicolae Crețulescu (1812–1900)		—	24 June 1862	11 October 1863	ML	Crețulescu I	2
3	Mihail Kogălniceanu (1817–1891)		1864	11 October 1863	26 January 1865	ML	Kogălniceanu	3
4	Constantin Bosianu (1815–1882)		—	26 January 1865	14 June 1865	ML	Bosianu	4
(2)	Nicolae Crețulescu (1812–1900) (2nd time)		—	14 June 1865	11 February 1866	ML	Crețulescu II	5
5	Ion Ghica (1816–1897)		Apr.1866	11 February 1866	10 May 1866	ML	I. Ghica I	6
6	Lascăr Catargiu (1823–1899)		—	11 May 1866	13 July 1866	C	L. Catargiu I	7
(5)	Ion Ghica (1816–1897) (2nd time)		Nov.1866	15 July 1866	21 February 1867	ML	I. Ghica II	8
7	Constantin A. Crețulescu (1809–1884)		—	1 March 1867	4 August 1867	RL	C.A. Crețulescu	9
8	Ștefan Golescu (1809–1874)		—	26 November 1867	12 May 1868	RL	Ș. Golescu	10
9	Nicolae Golescu (1810–1877)		—	1 May 1868	15 November 1868	RL	N. Golescu	11
10	Dimitrie Ghica (1816–1897)		—	16 November 1868	27 January 1870	MC	D. Ghica	12
11	Alexandru G. Golescu (1819–1881)		1869	2 February 1870	18 April 1870	ML	A.G. Golescu	13
12	Manolache Costache Epureanu (1823–1880)			20 April 1870	14 December 1870	C	Epureanu I	14
(5)	Ion Ghica (1816–1897) (3rd time)			18 December 1870	11 March 1871	ML	I. Ghica III	15
(6)	Lascăr Catargiu (1823–1899) (2nd time)			11 March 1871	30 March 1876	C	L. Catargiu II	16
13	Ion Emanuel Florescu (1819–1893)			4 April 1876	26 April 1876	C	Florescu I	17
style="background:Template:Romanian politics/party colours;"\|(12)	Manolache Costache Epureanu (1823–1880) (2nd time)			6 May 1876	5 August 1876	PNL	Epureanu II	18
rowspan=3 style="background:Template:Romanian politics/party colours;"\|14	Ion Brătianu (1821–1891)			24 July 1876	24 November 1878	PNL	I. Brătianu I	19
25 November 1878				10 July 1879	I. Brătianu II		20
11 July 1879				13 March 1881	I. Brătianu III		21
Kingdom of Romania Presidents of the Council of Ministers 1881–1947
style="background:Template:Romanian politics/party colours;"\|14	Ion Brătianu (1821–1891)			13 March 1881	9 April 1881	PNL	I. Brătianu III	21
style="background:Template:Romanian politics/party colours;"\|15	Dimitrie Brătianu (1818–1892)			10 April 1881	8 June 1881	PNL	D. Brătianu	22
style="background:Template:Romanian politics/party colours;"\|(14)	Ion Brătianu (1821–1891) (2nd time)			9 June 1881	20 March 1888	PNL	I. Brătianu IV	23
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Romanian politics/party colours;"\|16	Theodor Rosetti (1837–1932)			23 March 1888	11 November 1888	PC	Rosetti I	24
12 November 1888	Theodor Rosetti (1837–1932)			22 March 1889	Rosetti II	PC	25
style="background:Template:Romanian politics/party colours;"\|(6)	Lascăr Catargiu (1823–1899) (3rd time)			29 March 1889	3 November 1889	PC	L. Catargiu III	26
style="background:Template:Romanian politics/party colours;"\|17	Gheorghe Manu (1833–1911)			5 November 1889	15 February 1891	PC	Manu	27
style="background:Template:Romanian politics/party colours;"\|(13)	Ion Emanuel Florescu (1819–1893) (2nd time)			2 March 1891	29 December 1891	PC	Florescu II	28
style="background:Template:Romanian politics/party colours;"\|(6)	Lascăr Catargiu (1823–1899) (4th time)			29 December 1891	15 October 1895	PC	L. Catargiu IV	29
style="background:Template:Romanian politics/party colours;"\|18	Dimitrie Sturdza (1833–1914)			15 October 1895	2 December 1896	PNL	Sturdza I	30
style="background:Template:Romanian politics/party colours;"\|19	Petre S. Aurelian (1833–1909)			2 December 1896	12 April 1897	PNL	Aurelian I	31
style="background:Template:Romanian politics/party colours;"\|(18)	Dimitrie Sturdza (1833–1914) (2nd time)			12 April 1897	23 April 1899	PNL	Sturdza II	32
style="background:Template:Romanian politics/party colours;"\|20	Gheorghe Grigore Cantacuzino (1833–1913)			23 April 1899	19 July 1900	PC	Cantacuzino I	33
style="background:Template:Romanian politics/party colours;"\|21	Petre P. Carp (1837–1919)			19 July 1900	13 February 1901	PC	Carp I	34
style="background:Template:Romanian politics/party colours;"\|(18)	Dimitrie Sturdza (1833–1914) (3rd time)			27 February 1901	4 January 1906	PNL	Sturdza III	35
style="background:Template:Romanian politics/party colours;"\|(20)	Gheorghe Grigore Cantacuzino (1833–1913) (2nd time)			4 January 1906	24 March 1907	PC	Cantacuzino II	36
style="background:Template:Romanian politics/party colours;"\|(18)	Dimitrie Sturdza (1833–1914) (4th time)			24 March 1907	9 January 1909	PNL	Sturdza IV	37
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Romanian politics/party colours;"\|22	Ion I. C. Brătianu (1864–1927)			9 January 1909	4 March 1909	PNL	I.I.C. Brătianu I	38
4 March 1909	Ion I. C. Brătianu (1864–1927)			28 December 1910	I.I.C. Brătianu II	PNL	39
style="background:Template:Romanian politics/party colours;"\|(21)	Petre P. Carp (1837–1919) (2nd time)			29 December 1910	28 March 1912	PC	Carp II	40
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Romanian politics/party colours;"\|23	Titu Maiorescu (1840–1917)			28 March 1912	14 October 1912	PC	Maiorescu I	41
14 October 1912	Titu Maiorescu (1840–1917)			31 December 1913	Maiorescu II	PC	42
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Romanian politics/party colours;"\|(22)	Ion I. C. Brătianu^[a] (1864–1927) (2nd time)			4 January 1914	10 December 1916	PNL	I.I.C. Brătianu III	43
11 December 1916	Ion I. C. Brătianu^[a] (1864–1927) (2nd time)			28 January 1918	I.I.C. Brătianu IV	PNL	44
24	Alexandru Averescu^[a] (1859–1938)			29 January 1918	4 March 1918	Mil.	Averescu I	45
style="background:Template:Romanian politics/party colours;"\|25	Alexandru Marghiloman^[a] (1854–1925)			5 March 1918	23 October 1918	PC	Marghiloman	46
26	Constantin Coandă^[a] (1857–1932)			24 October 1918	29 November 1918	Mil.	Coandă	47
style="background:Template:Romanian politics/party colours;"\|(22)	Ion I. C. Brătianu (1864–1927) (3rd time)			29 November 1918	26 September 1919	PNL	I.I.C. Brătianu V	48
27	Artur Văitoianu (1864–1956)			27 September 1919	30 November 1919	Mil.	Văitoianu	49
style="background:Template:Romanian politics/party colours;"\|28	Alexandru Vaida-Voevod (1872–1950)		1919	1 December 1919	12 March 1920	PNR	Vaida I	50
style="background:Template:Romanian politics/party colours; color:white"\|(24)	Alexandru Averescu (1859–1938) (2nd time)		1920	13 March 1920	16 December 1921	PP	Averescu II	51
style="background:Template:Romanian politics/party colours;"\|29	Take Ionescu (1858–1922)		—	17 December 1921	19 January 1922	PCD	Ionescu I	52
style="background:Template:Romanian politics/party colours;"\|(22)	Ion I. C. Brătianu (1864–1927) (4th time)		1922	19 January 1922	29 March 1926	PNL	I.I.C. Brătianu VI	53
style="background:Template:Romanian politics/party colours; color:white"\|(24)	Alexandru Averescu (1859–1938) (3rd time)		1926	30 March 1926	4 June 1927	PP	Averescu III	54
style="background:Template:Romanian politics/party colours;"\|30	Barbu Știrbey (1873–1946)		—	4 June 1927	20 June 1927	Ind.	Știrbey	55
style="background:Template:Romanian politics/party colours;"\|(22)	Ion I. C. Brătianu (1864–1927) (5th time)		1927	21 June 1927	24 November 1927	PNL	I.I.C. Brătianu VII	56
style="background:Template:Romanian politics/party colours;"\|31	Vintilă Brătianu (1867–1930)		—	24 November 1927	9 November 1928	PNL	V. Brătianu	57
style="background:Template:Romanian politics/party colours;"\|32	Iuliu Maniu (1873–1953)		1928	10 November 1928	6 June 1930	PNȚ	Maniu I	58
style="background:Template:Romanian politics/party colours;"\|33	Gheorghe Mironescu (1874–1949)		—	7 June 1930	12 June 1930	PNȚ	Mironescu I	59
style="background:Template:Romanian politics/party colours;"\|(32)	Iuliu Maniu (1873–1953) (2nd time)		—	13 June 1930	9 October 1930	PNȚ	Maniu II	60
style="background:Template:Romanian politics/party colours;"\|(33)	Gheorghe Mironescu (1874–1949) (2nd time)		—	10 October 1930	17 April 1931	PNȚ	Mironescu II	61
style="background:Template:Romanian politics/party colours;"\|34	Nicolae Iorga (1871–1940)		1931	18 April 1931	5 June 1932	PND	Iorga	62
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Romanian politics/party colours;"\|(28)	Alexandru Vaida-Voevod (1872–1950) (2nd time)		1932	6 June 1932	10 August 1932	PNȚ	Vaida II	63
—	Alexandru Vaida-Voevod (1872–1950) (2nd time)		11 August 1932	19 October 1932	Vaida III	PNȚ	64
style="background:Template:Romanian politics/party colours;"\|(32)	Iuliu Maniu (1873–1953) (3rd time)		—	20 October 1932	13 January 1933	PNȚ	Maniu III	65
style="background:Template:Romanian politics/party colours;"\|(28)	Alexandru Vaida-Voevod (1872–1950) (3rd time)		—	14 January 1933	13 November 1933	PNȚ	Vaida IV	66
style="background:Template:Romanian politics/party colours;"\|35	Ion G. Duca (1879–1933)		1933	14 November 1933	29 December 1933	PNL	Duca	67
style="background:Template:Romanian politics/party colours;"\|—	Constantin Angelescu (1870–1948) Acting Prime Minister		—	29 December 1933	3 January 1934	PNL	Duca	67
rowspan=4 style="background:Template:Romanian politics/party colours;"\|36	Gheorghe Tătărescu (1886–1957)		—	4 January 1934	1 October 1934	PNL	Tătărescu I	68
2 October 1934				28 August 1936	Tătărescu II		69
29 August 1936				14 November 1937	Tătărescu III		70
17 November 1937				28 December 1937	Tătărescu IV		71
37	Octavian Goga (1881–1938)		1937	29 December 1937	10 February 1938	PNC	Goga	72
rowspan=3 style="background:Template:Romanian politics/party colours;"\|38	Patriarch Miron Cristea (1868–1939)		—	11 February 1938	29 March 1938	Ind.	Cristea I	73
30 March 1938				31 January 1939	Cristea II		74
1 February 1939				6 March 1939	Cristea III		75
39	Armand Călinescu (1893–1939)		1939	7 March 1939	21 September 1939	FRN	Călinescu	76
40	Gheorghe Argeșanu (1883–1940)		—	21 September 1939	28 September 1939	FRN	Argeșanu	77
41	Constantin Argetoianu (1871–1955)		—	28 September 1939	23 November 1939	FRN	Argetoianu	78
(36)	Gheorghe Tătărescu (1886–1957) (2nd time)		—	24 November 1939	10 May 1940	FRN	Tătărescu V	79
(36)	Gheorghe Tătărescu (1886–1957) (2nd time)		—	11 May 1940	3 July 1940	FRN	Tătărescu VI	80
42	Ion Gigurtu (1886–1959)		—	4 July 1940	4 September 1940	FRN	Gigurtu	81
43	Ion Antonescu^[b] (1882–1946)		—	4 September 1940	14 September 1940	Mil.	Antonescu I	82
				14 September 1940	24 January 1941		Antonescu II	83
				27 January 1941	23 August 1944		Antonescu III	84
44	Constantin Sănătescu (1885–1947)		—	23 August 1944	3 November 1944	Mil.	Sănătescu I	85
44	Constantin Sănătescu (1885–1947)		—	4 November 1944	5 December 1944	Mil.	Sănătescu II	86
45	Nicolae Rădescu (1874–1953)		—	6 December 1944	28 February 1945	Mil.	Rădescu	87
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Ploughmen's Front/meta/color; color:white;"\|46	Petru Groza (1884–1958)		—	6 March 1945	30 November 1946	FP	Groza I	88
1946	Petru Groza (1884–1958)		1 December 1946	29 December 1947	Groza II	FP	89
Romanian People's Republic/Socialist Republic of Romania Presidents of the Council of Ministers (informally Prime Ministers) 1947–1989
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Ploughmen's Front/meta/color; color:white;"\|46	Petru Groza (1884–1958)		—	30 December 1947	14 April 1948	FP	Groza III	90
1948	Petru Groza (1884–1958)		15 April 1948	2 June 1952	Groza IV	FP	91
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Romanian Communist Party/meta/color; color:white;"\|47	Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej (1901–1965)		—	2 June 1952	28 January 1953	PMR	Gheorghiu-Dej I	92
1952	Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej (1901–1965)		28 January 1953	4 October 1955	Gheorghiu-Dej II	PMR	93
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Romanian Communist Party/meta/color; color:white;"\|48	Chivu Stoica (1908–1975)		—	4 October 1955	19 March 1957	PMR	Stoica I	94
1957	Chivu Stoica (1908–1975)		20 March 1957	20 March 1961	Stoica II	PMR	95
rowspan=5 style="background:Template:Romanian Communist Party/meta/color; color:white;"\|49	Ion Gheorghe Maurer (1902–2000)		1961	21 March 1961	17 March 1965	PCR	Maurer I	96
1965			18 March 1965	20 August 1965	Maurer II		97
—			21 August 1965	8 December 1967	Maurer III		98
—			9 December 1967	12 March 1969	Maurer IV		99
1969			13 March 1969	27 February 1974	Maurer V		100
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Romanian Communist Party/meta/color; color:white;"\|50	Manea Mănescu (1916–2009)		—	27 February 1974	18 March 1975	PCR	Mănescu I	101
1975	Manea Mănescu (1916–2009)		18 March 1975	30 March 1979	Mănescu II	PCR	102
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Romanian Communist Party/meta/color; color:white;"\|51	Ilie Verdeț (1925–2001)		—	30 March 1979	29 March 1980	PCR	Verdeț I	103
1980	Ilie Verdeț (1925–2001)		29 March 1980	20 May 1982	Verdeț II	PCR	104
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Romanian Communist Party/meta/color; color:white;"\|52	Constantin Dăscălescu (1923–2003)		—	21 May 1982	28 March 1985	PCR	Dăscălescu I	105
1985	Constantin Dăscălescu (1923–2003)		29 March 1985	22 December 1989	Dăscălescu II	PCR	106
Romania since 1989
rowspan=3 style="background:Template:Romanian politics/party colours; color:white;"\|53	Petre Roman^[c] (1946–)		—	26 December 1989	28 June 1990	FSN	Roman I	107
1990			28 June 1990	30 April 1991	Roman II		108
—			30 April 1991	16 October 1991	Roman III		109
style="background:Template:Romanian politics/party colours; color:white;"\|54	Theodor Stolojan (1943–)		—	16 October 1991	19 November 1992	FSN	Stolojan I	110
style="background:Template:Romanian politics/party colours; color:white;"\|55	Nicolae Văcăroiu (1943–)		1992	19 November 1992	11 December 1996	PDSR	Văcăroiu I	111
style="background:Template:Romanian politics/party colours;"\|56	Victor Ciorbea (1954–)		1996	12 December 1996	17 April 1998	PNȚCD	Ciorbea I	112
style="background:Template:Romanian politics/party colours;"\|—	Gavril Dejeu (1932–) Acting Prime Minister		—	30 March 1998	17 April 1998	PNȚCD	Ciorbea I	112
style="background:Template:Romanian politics/party colours;"\|57	Radu Vasile (1942–2013)		—	17 April 1998	22 December 1999	PNȚCD	Vasile I	113
style="background:Template:Romanian politics/party colours; color:white;"\|—	Alexandru Athanasiu (1955–) Acting Prime Minister	File:Big alexandru athanasiu (cropped).jpg	—	13 December 1999	22 December 1999	PSDR	Vasile I	113
style="background:Template:Romanian politics/party colours;"\|58	Mugur Isărescu (1949–)	File:13-09-04-10-25-50big mugur isarescu (cropped).jpg	—	22 December 1999	28 December 2000	Ind.	Isărescu I	114
style="background:Template:Romanian politics/party colours; color:white;"\|59	Adrian Năstase (1950–)		2000	28 December 2000	21 December 2004	PDSR/PSD	Năstase I	115
style="background:Template:Romanian politics/party colours; color:white;"\|—	Eugen Bejinariu (1959–) Acting Prime Minister		—	21 December 2004	28 December 2004	PSD	Năstase I	115
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Romanian politics/party colours;"\|60	Călin Popescu-Tăriceanu (1952–)		2004	29 December 2004	5 April 2007	PNL	Tăriceanu I	116
—	Călin Popescu-Tăriceanu (1952–)		5 April 2007	22 December 2008	Tăriceanu II	PNL	117
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Romanian politics/party colours; color:white;"\|61	Emil Boc (1966–)		2008	22 December 2008	23 December 2009	PD-L	Boc Cabinets	118
—	Emil Boc (1966–)		23 December 2009	6 February 2012	119	PD-L
style="background:Template:Romanian politics/party colours;"\|—	Cătălin Predoiu (1968–) Acting Prime Minister		—	6 February 2012	119	9 February 2012		Ind.
style="background:Template:Romanian politics/party colours;"\|62	Mihai Răzvan Ungureanu (1968–)		—	9 February 2012	7 May 2012	Ind.	Ungureanu	120
style="background:Template:Romanian politics/party colours; color:white;" rowspan=4\|63	Victor Ponta (1972–)		—	7 May 2012	21 December 2012	PSD	Ponta I	121
2012			21 December 2012	26 February 2014	Ponta II		122
—			5 March 2014	17 December 2014	Ponta III		123
—			17 December 2014	22 June 2015	Ponta IV		124
—	Gabriel Oprea (1961–) Acting Prime Minister		—	22 June 2015		9 July 2015		UNPR
style="background:Template:Romanian politics/party colours; color:white;"\|(63)	Victor Ponta (1972–)		—	9 July 2015		5 November 2015		PSD
style="background:Template:Romanian politics/party colours; color:white;"\|—	Sorin Cîmpeanu (1968–) Acting Prime Minister		—	5 November 2015		17 November 2015		ALDE
style="background:Template:Romanian politics/party colours/Independent; color:white;"\|64	Dacian Cioloș (1969–)		—	17 November 2015	Incumbent	Ind.	Cioloș	125

Romania used the Julian calendar prior to 1919, but all dates are given in the Gregorian calendar.

Timeline

Notes

^{^} Due to World War I, served in refuge at Iași, 3 December 1916 – 29 November 1918
^{^} From 14 September 1940, styled Conducător
^{^} Interim until 20 June 1990, following elections

References

Nicolae C. Nicolescu, Șefii de stat și de guvern ai României (1859–2003), Editura Meronia, Bucharest, 2003
Stelian Neagoe, Istoria guvernelor României de la începuturi – 1859 până în zilele noastre – 1995, Editura Machiavelli, Bucharest, 1995

External links

v t e Prime Ministers of Romania
List of heads of government of Romania
United Principalities	B. Catargiu Arsache N. Crețulescu Kogălniceanu Bosianu N. Crețulescu I. Ghica L. Catargiu I. Ghica C. Crețulescu Ș. Golescu N. Golescu D. Ghica A. Golescu Epureanu I. Ghica L. Catargiu Florescu Epureanu Ion C. Brătianu
Kingdom of Romania	Ion C. Brătianu D. Brătianu Ion C. Brătianu Rosetti L. Catargiu Manu Florescu L. Catargiu Sturdza Aurelian Sturdza Cantacuzino Carp Sturdza Cantacuzino Sturdza Ion I. C. Brătianu Carp Maiorescu Ion I. C. Brătianu Averescu Marghiloman Coandă Ion I. C. Brătianu Văitoianu Vaida-Voevod Averescu Ionescu Ion I. C. Brătianu Averescu Știrbey Ion I. C. Brătianu V. Brătianu Maniu Mironescu Maniu Mironescu Iorga Vaida-Voevod Maniu Vaida-Voevod Duca Angelescu Tătărescu Goga Cristea Călinescu Argeșanu Argetoianu Tătărescu Gigurtu Antonescu Sănătescu Rădescu Groza
R.P.R.—R.S.R.	Groza Gheorghiu-Dej Stoica Maurer Mănescu Verdeț Dăscălescu
Romania since 1989	Roman Stolojan Văcăroiu Ciorbea Dejeu Vasile Athanasiu Isărescu Năstase Bejinariu Popescu-Tăriceanu Boc Predoiu Ungureanu Ponta Oprea Ponta Oprea Ponta Cîmpeanu Cioloș Grindeanu Tudose Fifor Dăncilă Orban Ciucă Cîțu Ciucă Predoiu Ciolacu
Italics indicate ad interim/acting office holders. Bold indicates current office holder.