Mac OS Roman

Mac OS Roman

MIME / IANA	macintosh
Alias(es)	mac

Mac OS Roman is a character encoding primarily used by Mac OS to represent text. It encodes 256 characters, the first 128 of which are identical to ASCII, with the remaining characters including mathematical symbols, diacritics, and additional punctuation marks. It is suitable for English and several other Western languages. Mac OS Roman is a superset of the original Macintosh character set, used in System 1.

The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority identifies this encoding using the string "macintosh". The MIME Content-Type for this encoding is therefore "text/plain; charset=macintosh". Mac OS Roman is also referred to as MacRoman or the Apple Standard Roman character set. The Microsoft Windows code page number is 10000.

Codepage layout

The following table shows how characters are encoded in Macintosh Roman. Each character is shown with its Unicode equivalent right below and its decimal code at the bottom.

  Letter   Number   Punctuation   Symbol   Other   Undefined

Mac OS Roman

	_0	_1	_2	_3	_4	_5	_6	_7	_8	_9	_A	_B	_C	_D	_E	_F
0_	Template:Chset-color-ctrl|NUL 0000 0	Template:Chset-color-ctrl|SOH 0001 1	Template:Chset-color-ctrl|STX 0002 2	Template:Chset-color-ctrl|ETX 0003 3	Template:Chset-color-ctrl|EOT 0004 4	Template:Chset-color-ctrl|ENQ 0005 5	Template:Chset-color-ctrl|ACK 0006 6	Template:Chset-color-ctrl|BEL 0007 7	Template:Chset-color-ctrl|BS 0008 8	Template:Chset-color-ctrl|HT 0009 9	Template:Chset-color-ctrl|LF 000A 10	Template:Chset-color-ctrl|VT 000B 11	Template:Chset-color-ctrl|FF 000C 12	Template:Chset-color-ctrl|CR 000D 13	Template:Chset-color-ctrl|SO 000E 14	Template:Chset-color-ctrl|SI 000F 15
1_	Template:Chset-color-ctrl|DLE 0010 16	Template:Chset-color-ctrl|DC1⌘ 0011 17	Template:Chset-color-ctrl|DC2⌘ 0012 18	Template:Chset-color-ctrl|DC3⌘ 0013 19	Template:Chset-color-ctrl|DC4⌘ 0014 20	Template:Chset-color-ctrl|NAK 0015 21	Template:Chset-color-ctrl|SYN 0016 22	Template:Chset-color-ctrl|ETB 0017 23	Template:Chset-color-ctrl|CAN 0018 24	Template:Chset-color-ctrl|EM 0019 25	Template:Chset-color-ctrl|SUB 001A 26	Template:Chset-color-ctrl|ESC 001B 27	Template:Chset-color-ctrl|FS 001C 28	Template:Chset-color-ctrl|GS 001D 29	Template:Chset-color-ctrl|RS 001E 30	Template:Chset-color-ctrl|US 001F 31
2_	Template:Chset-color-punct|SP 0020 32	Template:Chset-color-punct|! 0021 33	Template:Chset-color-punct|" 0022 34	Template:Chset-color-punct|# 0023 35	Template:Chset-color-punct|$ 0024 36	Template:Chset-color-punct|% 0025 37	Template:Chset-color-punct|& 0026 38	Template:Chset-color-punct|' 0027 39	Template:Chset-color-punct|( 0028 40	Template:Chset-color-punct|) 0029 41	Template:Chset-color-punct|* 002A 42	Template:Chset-color-punct|+ 002B 43	Template:Chset-color-punct|, 002C 44	Template:Chset-color-punct|- 002D 45	Template:Chset-color-punct|. 002E 46	Template:Chset-color-punct|/ 002F 47
3_	Template:Chset-color-digit|0 0030 48	Template:Chset-color-digit|1 0031 49	Template:Chset-color-digit|2 0032 50	Template:Chset-color-digit|3 0033 51	Template:Chset-color-digit|4 0034 52	Template:Chset-color-digit|5 0035 53	Template:Chset-color-digit|6 0036 54	Template:Chset-color-digit|7 0037 55	Template:Chset-color-digit|8 0038 56	Template:Chset-color-digit|9 0039 57	Template:Chset-color-punct|: 003A 58	Template:Chset-color-punct|; 003B 59	Template:Chset-color-punct|< 003C 60	Template:Chset-color-punct|= 003D 61	Template:Chset-color-punct|> 003E 62	Template:Chset-color-punct|? 003F 63
4_	Template:Chset-color-punct|@ 0040 64	Template:Chset-color-alpha|A 0041 65	Template:Chset-color-alpha|B 0042 66	Template:Chset-color-alpha|C 0043 67	Template:Chset-color-alpha|D 0044 68	Template:Chset-color-alpha|E 0045 69	Template:Chset-color-alpha|F 0046 70	Template:Chset-color-alpha|G 0047 71	Template:Chset-color-alpha|H 0048 72	Template:Chset-color-alpha|I 0049 73	Template:Chset-color-alpha|J 004A 74	Template:Chset-color-alpha|K 004B 75	Template:Chset-color-alpha|L 004C 76	Template:Chset-color-alpha|M 004D 77	Template:Chset-color-alpha|N 004E 78	Template:Chset-color-alpha|O 004F 79
5_	Template:Chset-color-alpha|P 0050 80	Template:Chset-color-alpha|Q 0051 81	Template:Chset-color-alpha|R 0052 82	Template:Chset-color-alpha|S 0053 83	Template:Chset-color-alpha|T 0054 84	Template:Chset-color-alpha|U 0055 85	Template:Chset-color-alpha|V 0056 86	Template:Chset-color-alpha|W 0057 87	Template:Chset-color-alpha|X 0058 88	Template:Chset-color-alpha|Y 0059 89	Template:Chset-color-alpha|Z 005A 90	Template:Chset-color-punct|[ 005B 91	Template:Chset-color-punct|\ 005C 92	Template:Chset-color-punct|] 005D 93	Template:Chset-color-punct|^ 005E 94	Template:Chset-color-punct|_ 005F 95
6_	Template:Chset-color-punct|` 0060 96	Template:Chset-color-alpha|a 0061 97	Template:Chset-color-alpha|b 0062 98	Template:Chset-color-alpha|c 0063 99	Template:Chset-color-alpha|d 0064 100	Template:Chset-color-alpha|e 0065 101	Template:Chset-color-alpha|f 0066 102	Template:Chset-color-alpha|g 0067 103	Template:Chset-color-alpha|h 0068 104	Template:Chset-color-alpha|i 0069 105	Template:Chset-color-alpha|j 006A 106	Template:Chset-color-alpha|k 006B 107	Template:Chset-color-alpha|l 006C 108	Template:Chset-color-alpha|m 006D 109	Template:Chset-color-alpha|n 006E 110	Template:Chset-color-alpha|o 006F 111
7_	Template:Chset-color-alpha|p 0070 112	Template:Chset-color-alpha|q 0071 113	Template:Chset-color-alpha|r 0072 114	Template:Chset-color-alpha|s 0073 115	Template:Chset-color-alpha|t 0074 116	Template:Chset-color-alpha|u 0075 117	Template:Chset-color-alpha|v 0076 118	Template:Chset-color-alpha|w 0077 119	Template:Chset-color-alpha|x 0078 120	Template:Chset-color-alpha|y 0079 121	Template:Chset-color-alpha|z 007A 122	Template:Chset-color-punct|{ 007B 123	Template:Chset-color-punct|| 007C 124	Template:Chset-color-punct|} 007D 125	Template:Chset-color-punct|~ 007E 126	Template:Chset-color-ctrl |DEL 007F 127
8_	Template:Chset-color-intl|Ä 00C4 128	Template:Chset-color-intl|Å 00C5 129	Template:Chset-color-intl|Ç 00C7 130	Template:Chset-color-intl|É 00C9 131	Template:Chset-color-intl|Ñ 00D1 132	Template:Chset-color-intl|Ö 00D6 133	Template:Chset-color-intl|Ü 00DC 134	Template:Chset-color-intl|á 00E1 135	Template:Chset-color-intl|à 00E0 136	Template:Chset-color-intl|â 00E2 137	Template:Chset-color-intl|ä 00E4 138	Template:Chset-color-intl|ã 00E3 139	Template:Chset-color-intl|å 00E5 140	Template:Chset-color-intl|ç 00E7 141	Template:Chset-color-intl|é 00E9 142	Template:Chset-color-intl|è 00E8 143
9_	Template:Chset-color-intl|ê 00EA 144	Template:Chset-color-intl|ë 00EB 145	Template:Chset-color-intl|í 00ED 146	Template:Chset-color-intl|ì 00EC 147	Template:Chset-color-intl|î 00EE 148	Template:Chset-color-intl|ï 00EF 149	Template:Chset-color-intl|ñ 00F1 150	Template:Chset-color-intl|ó 00F3 151	Template:Chset-color-intl|ò 00F2 152	Template:Chset-color-intl|ô 00F4 153	Template:Chset-color-intl|ö 00F6 154	Template:Chset-color-intl|õ 00F5 155	Template:Chset-color-intl|ú 00FA 156	Template:Chset-color-intl|ù 00F9 157	Template:Chset-color-intl|û 00FB 158	Template:Chset-color-intl|ü 00FC 159
A_	Template:Chset-color-punct|† 2020 160	Template:Chset-color-punct|° 00B0 161	Template:Chset-color-punct|¢ 00A2* 162	Template:Chset-color-punct|£ 00A3* 163	Template:Chset-color-punct|§ 00A7 164	Template:Chset-color-punct|• 2022 165	Template:Chset-color-punct|¶ 00B6 166	Template:Chset-color-intl|ß 00DF 167	Template:Chset-color-punct|® 00AE 168	Template:Chset-color-punct|© 00A9* 169	Template:Chset-color-punct|™ 2122 170	Template:Chset-color-punct|´ 00B4 171	Template:Chset-color-punct|¨ 00A8 172	Template:Chset-color-punct|≠ 2260 173	Template:Chset-color-intl|Æ 00C6 174	Template:Chset-color-intl|Ø 00D8 175
B_	Template:Chset-color-punct|∞ 221E 176	Template:Chset-color-punct|± 00B1* 177	Template:Chset-color-punct|≤ 2264 178	Template:Chset-color-punct|≥ 2265 179	Template:Chset-color-punct|¥ 00A5 180	Template:Chset-color-punct|µ 00B5* 181	Template:Chset-color-punct|∂ 2202 182	Template:Chset-color-punct|∑ 2211 183	Template:Chset-color-punct|∏ 220F 184	Template:Chset-color-punct|π 03C0 185	Template:Chset-color-punct|∫ 222B 186	Template:Chset-color-punct|ª 00AA 187	Template:Chset-color-punct|º 00BA 188	Template:Chset-color-punct|Ω 03A9 189	Template:Chset-color-intl|æ 00E6 190	Template:Chset-color-intl|ø 00F8 191
C_	Template:Chset-color-punct|¿ 00BF 192	Template:Chset-color-punct|¡ 00A1 193	Template:Chset-color-punct|¬ 00AC 194	Template:Chset-color-punct|√ 221A 195	Template:Chset-color-punct|ƒ 0192 196	Template:Chset-color-punct|≈ 2248 197	Template:Chset-color-punct|∆ 2206 198	Template:Chset-color-punct|« 00AB 199	Template:Chset-color-punct|» 00BB 200	Template:Chset-color-punct|… 2026 201	Template:Chset-color-punct|NBSP 00A0 202	Template:Chset-color-intl|À 00C0 203	Template:Chset-color-intl|à 00C3 204	Template:Chset-color-intl|Õ 00D5 205	Template:Chset-color-intl|Œ 0152 206	Template:Chset-color-intl|œ 0153 207
D_	Template:Chset-color-punct|– 2013 208	Template:Chset-color-punct|— 2014 209	Template:Chset-color-punct|“ 201C 210	Template:Chset-color-punct|” 201D 211	Template:Chset-color-punct|‘ 2018 212	Template:Chset-color-punct|’ 2019 213	Template:Chset-color-punct|÷ 00F7 214	Template:Chset-color-punct|◊ 25CA 215	Template:Chset-color-intl|ÿ 00FF 216	Template:Chset-color-intl|Ÿ 0178 217	Template:Chset-color-punct|⁄ 2044 218	Template:Chset-color-punct|€¤ 20AC 219	Template:Chset-color-punct|‹ 2039 220	Template:Chset-color-punct|› 203A 221	Template:Chset-color-punct|fi FB01 222	Template:Chset-color-punct|fl FB02 223
E_	Template:Chset-color-punct|‡ 2021 224	Template:Chset-color-punct|· 00B7 225	Template:Chset-color-punct|‚ 201A 226	Template:Chset-color-punct|„ 201E 227	Template:Chset-color-punct|‰ 2030 228	Template:Chset-color-intl|Â 00C2 229	Template:Chset-color-intl|Ê 00CA 230	Template:Chset-color-intl|Á 00C1 231	Template:Chset-color-intl|Ë 00CB 232	Template:Chset-color-intl|È 00C8 233	Template:Chset-color-intl|Í 00CD 234	Template:Chset-color-intl|Î 00CE 235	Template:Chset-color-intl|Ï 00CF 236	Template:Chset-color-intl|Ì 00CC 237	Template:Chset-color-intl|Ó 00D3 238	Template:Chset-color-intl|Ô 00D4 239
F_	Template:Chset-color-graph|a F8FF 240	Template:Chset-color-intl|Ò 00D2 241	Template:Chset-color-intl|Ú 00DA 242	Template:Chset-color-intl|Û 00DB 243	Template:Chset-color-intl|Ù 00D9 244	Template:Chset-color-intl|ı 0131 245	Template:Chset-color-punct|ˆ 02C6 246	Template:Chset-color-punct|˜ 02DC 247	Template:Chset-color-punct|¯ 00AF 248	Template:Chset-color-punct|˘ 02D8 249	Template:Chset-color-punct|˙ 02D9 250	Template:Chset-color-punct|˚ 02DA 251	Template:Chset-color-punct|¸ 00B8 252	Template:Chset-color-punct|˝ 02DD 253	Template:Chset-color-punct|˛ 02DB 254	Template:Chset-color-punct|ˇ 02C7 255

• ^⌘ The (usually nonprintable) character 0x11 mapped to the Command key glyph (⌘) in many fonts, particularly those intended for use as system fonts. It is mappable to the Unicode character U+2318 ⌘ PLACE OF INTEREST SIGN. The codes 0x12, 0x13, and 0x14 were also used for icons to indicate the shift, option, and control keys in menu items.
• ^* The codes 0xA2, 0xA3, 0xA9, 0xB1, and 0xB5 coincidentally have the same character assignment as ISO 8859-1 (and thus Unicode).
• ^¤ Before Mac OS 8.5, the character 0xDB mapped to currency sign (¤), Unicode character U+00A4.
• ^a The character 0xF0 is a solid Apple logo. The Unicode equivalent U+F8FF is in the Corporate Private Use Area, but it is probably not supported on non-Apple platforms.

Application notes

With the release of OS X, Mac OS Roman and all other "scripts" (as the Mac OS called them) were replaced by UTF-8 as the standard character encoding for the Macintosh operating system. However, default character encoding in Java for OS X is still MacRoman (see Mac Dev Center), and the keyboard layout with its combination of control, option, and dead keys still map to the original characters in MacRoman. The default character encoding for Java can be changed to UTF-8 by adding the following line to .bashrc:

export set JAVA_OPTS="$JAVA_OPTS -Dfile.encoding=UTF8"

See also

• Western Latin character sets (computing)

References

• Apple Computer, Inc. (1993). Inside Macintosh: Text. New York: Addison-Wesley. ISBN 0-201-63298-5.
• Apple Computer, Inc. (1985). Inside Macintosh Volume I. New York: Addison-Wesley. ISBN 0-201-17731-5.

External links

• http://www.unicode.org/Public/MAPPINGS/VENDORS/APPLE/ROMAN.TXT
• http://developer.apple.com/documentation/mac/Text/Text-30.html#HEADING30-9 Description of Mac OS Roman