Jump to content

The Life of Pablo

This is a good article. Click here for more information.
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from T.L.O.P.)

The Life of Pablo
The cover consists mostly of repeated black text reading "LIFE OF PABLO" on an orange background and similar, but smaller text reading "which one" with the words separated by a forward slash. The only other content is two small photographs depicting a wedding and a woman's thong-clad buttocks.
Studio album by
Kanye West
ReleasedFebruary 14, 2016
Recorded
  • 2010
  • November 2013 – February 2016
  • March 2016 – June 2016 (post-release)
Studio
Genre
Length66:01
Label
Producer
Kanye West chronology
Yeezus
(2013) 		The Life of Pablo
(2016) 		Ye
(2018)
Alternate cover art
Singles from The Life of Pablo
  1. "Famous"
    Released: March 28, 2016
  2. "Father Stretch My Hands"
    Released: June 7, 2016
  3. "Fade"
    Released: September 9, 2016

The Life of Pablo is the seventh studio album by the American rapper Kanye West. It was released on February 14, 2016, through GOOD Music and distributed by Def Jam Recordings. Recording sessions took place from 2013 to 2016, in Italy, Mexico, Canada, and the United States. West and a variety of producers, including co-executive producers Rick Rubin and Noah Goldstein handled production. West enlisted guest vocals for the album from The-Dream, Kelly Price, Chance the Rapper, Kirk Franklin, Kid Cudi, Desiigner, Rihanna, Young Thug, Chris Brown, The Weeknd, Ty Dolla Sign, Vic Mensa, Sia, Frank Ocean, Kendrick Lamar, Post Malone, and Sampha.

Several promotional singles preceded the release of The Life of Pablo, including the tracks "Real Friends" and "No More Parties in LA". During the months before its release, the album's title and tracklist went through several publicized changes. West premiered an early version at Madison Square Garden on February 11, 2016, as part of his Yeezy Season 3 fashion show. After several additional sessions and alterations, the exclusive launch occurred for streaming on Tidal three days later.

Following its official streaming debut, West continued to make changes to The Life of Pablo. A largely updated version of it, including alternate mixes and other changes, was made available on other streaming services and for digital purchase on his website on April 1, 2016. The singles "Famous", the two-part "Father Stretch My Hands", and "Fade" were released to support it in 2016. The album received generally positive reviews from music critics, with particular attention being paid to the fragmented, unfinished nature of the composition and release. Multiple publications named it one of 2016's best albums, with Paste ranking it on their list of "The 300 Greatest Albums of All Time".

The Life of Pablo received five nominations at the 2017 Grammy Awards, including Best Rap Album, though the Album of the Year rejection was deemed a snub by numerous publications. Following Tidal's initial disclosure of its streaming data and its release to competing streaming services, the album debuted at number one on the US Billboard 200, becoming the first to reach the summit primarily through streaming, and was ultimately certified double platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). It also debuted at number one in Norway, and in the top ten in Canada, Denmark, Finland, Ireland, the Netherlands, and Sweden.

Background and development

[edit]

In November 2013, Kanye West began working on his seventh studio album,[1][2] with the working title of So Help Me God intended for a 2014 release date.[3] Q-Tip announced he and Rick Rubin, one of the executive producers of West's sixth studio album Yeezus (2013), would produce the album.[4] Early recording sessions resulted in several tracks released as standalone singles or given to other artists, including West's Paul McCartney collaborations "All Day", "Only One", and the McCartney and Rihanna collaboration "FourFiveSeconds".[5][6] In 2015, West announced the album's new title as SWISH, though he noted the title could change.[7] West announced in January 2016 that SWISH would be released on February 11. He released a new song "Real Friends" that month simultaneously with a snippet of "No More Parties in LA".[8] This signified a revival of the GOOD Fridays initiative where West had released new singles every Friday.[8] On January 26, 2016, West revealed he had renamed the album Waves.[9]

Chance the Rapper ::: Red Rocks ::: 05.02.17
Chance the Rapper contributed to several tracks, including "Ultralight Beam" and "Waves".

The track "Famous", featuring vocals by frequent West collaborator Rihanna and American hip hop recording artist Swizz Beatz, was scrutinized on social media for its controversial lyrical reference to American singer Taylor Swift, because West had interrupted her acceptance speech at the 2009 MTV Video Music Awards.[10][11]

On February 9, 2016, several days ahead of its release, West changed the title to The Life of Pablo.[12] On February 11, West premiered an early version of the album at Madison Square Garden during the presentation of his Yeezy Season 3 clothing line.[13] Following the preview, West announced he would modify the track list again before its public release.[14] He delayed the release further to finalize the recording of the track "Waves" at the behest of co-writer Chance the Rapper.[15]

Recording

[edit]

Initial sessions

[edit]

The Life of Pablo was recorded between 2013 and 2016, though recording for the track "No More Parties in LA" started in 2010, during the sessions for My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy.[16][17] Ty Dolla Sign reported that writing and recording for the album took place in Mexico in September 2014; he recalled McCartney and Rihanna were present.[18] American rappers Pusha T and Consequence confirmed that they had ended their feud to work with West on music to be released by him.[19]

In April 2014, during an interview with Self-Titled, English electronic music producer Evian Christ explained that despite West not always being musically clear, he just seemed "interested in pushing aesthetic boundaries as far into the Avant as possible". He will say "This is not experimental enough. This is too poppy. Make something else." This can confuse other musicians.[20] Christ said that West is "a dream to work with", adding that when it comes to creative freedom, West is on his own level in terms of the freedom.[20] He explained "he wants you to work to a blueprint, the blueprint is: 'Don't make a rap beat. Anything but a rap beat'".[20] In February 2015, while West was continuing work on The Life of Pablo, he confirmed the album was around 80% complete.[21]

In March 2015, during an interview with MTV, promoting his third studio album Dark Sky Paradise (2015), Big Sean spoke about the multiple recording locations involved in The Life of Pablo including Mexico and Hawaii.[22] In an October 2015 interview with The Fader, Post Malone, who is featured on the track "Fade" with Ty Dolla Sign, discussed his experiences with West describing him as "just a normal guy, like me, and super cool".[23]

On January 27, 2016, West revealed the update of the final track listing for The Life of Pablo on his official Twitter account. The updated track listing included a number of unannounced potential collaborators: Earl Sweatshirt, The-Dream, Tyler, the Creator, The World Famous Tony Williams, Diddy, Danny!,[24] ASAP Rocky, Kid Cudi, Lil Uzi Vert, Drake, Teyana Taylor, Zoë Kravitz, Bibi Bourelly, Doug E. Fresh, How to Dress Well, and French Montana, as well as a return of his frequent production collaborators, such as Mike Dean, Hudson Mohawke, Plain Pat, Vicious, Anthony Kilhoffer, A-Trak, and Noah Goldstein.[25][26][27] Following the album's premiere at Madison Square Garden, it was revealed that Brooklyn-based rapper Desiigner contributed vocals to "Pt. 2" and "Freestyle 4".[28]

Post-release updates

[edit]

West released The Life of Pablo for streaming on February 14, 2016, following a performance on Saturday Night Live.[29][30] Although a statement by West around the time of The Life of Pablo's release indicated it would be a permanent exclusive to Tidal, the album was released through several other competing services beginning in April 2016.[31] Before the release of The Life of Pablo, West had tweeted that it was a hip hop and a gospel album.[32] In an interview on Big Boy Radio, West said: "When I was sitting in the studio with Kirk, Kirk Franklin, and we're just going through it, I said this is a gospel album, with a whole lot of cursing on it, but it's still a gospel album."[33] Following The Life of Pablo's initial Tidal release, West said he intended to continue altering the songs, declaring the album a "living breathing changing creative expression".[34] On March 13, 2016, over a month after the release, West uploaded an updated version of "Famous", swapping out the lyric "She be Puerto Rican day parade wavin'" for "She in school to be a real estate agent", as well as making slight tweaks to the overall mix.[35] Three days later, West updated the album's Tidal track list with a reworked version of "Wolves", which included previously removed guest vocals by Vic Mensa and Sia, and separated the ending portion sung by Frank Ocean into a separate interlude under the title of "Frank's Track".[36] This reworking was done around a month after West proposed a fix to the song.[37] On March 30, The Life of Pablo received a major update, with at least 12 tracks appearing in altered forms.[38] The updates included prominent vocal additions, new lyrics, and altered mixes.[38] Def Jam confirmed this incarnation to be "a newly updated, remixed and remastered version", and clarified that the album would continue to appear with "new updates, new versions and new iterations" in the following months, calling it "a continuous process".[39] A minor update was published on April 2, fixing the outro vocals for "30 Hours" which had been rendered off-time during the March 31 update.[40] Finally, on June 14, The Life of Pablo was updated to include an additional track titled "Saint Pablo" featuring vocals by British musician Sampha, with other miscellaneous alterations throughout the album.[41]

Discussing The Life of Pablo's continued alterations, Jayson Greene of Pitchfork mused "at what point is a record 'over', and who gets to make the call"?[42] He claimed West was "seeing how far he can stretch the point right now, in a way no pop star has ever quite tried", describing him as "testing the shifting state of the 'album cycle' to see if he can break it entirely, making his album like another piece of software on your phone that sends you push updates".[42] Winston Cook-Wilson of Inverse described the album as "a fluid construct", writing that "as a way of holding the public's attention span, Kanye's choice to continue to tweak The Life is Pablo indefinitely is genius".[43] He elaborated, "It encourages people spend time processing an album that deserves it: a bewildering, sprawling, and controversy-courting piece of art."[43] The unconventional updates post-release inspired other artists to do the same, with Future and Young Thug making similar alterations after the release of their albums.[44][45] However, in The Guardian, Nosheen Iqbal noted the criticism that West faced for updating the album.[46] Brian Welk and Ross A. Lincoln from TheWrap claimed West should have ended the updates after his initial changes to The Life of Pablo three days after its release.[47] In a January 2020 interview with GQ, West explained his continuous updates to the album, saying, "Nothing is ever done."[48]

Musical style

[edit]

The Life of Pablo was noted by Entertainment Weekly's Madison Vain for its "raw, occasionally even intentionally messy, composition" in contrast to West's previous albums.[49] Compared to his pre-Yeezus work, Robert Yaniz Jr of Cheat Sheet viewed the album as West taking on a sound that is not as accessible and "more self-indulgent".[50] Rolling Stone's Rob Sheffield wrote that The Life of Pablo sounds messy, though he expressed the feeling the sound is purposeful to follow on from "the laser-sharp intensity of Yeezus", saying the album is "designed to sound like a work in progress".[51] Carl Wilson of Slate suggested that with the given context of the sonic landscaping throughout The Life of Pablo, the point is that "in West's kamikaze, mood-swinging way, Pablo now seems undeniably (not half-assedly, as I'd been about to conclude) like an album of struggle", noting the strange connections that it created "between Kanye's many iterations—soul-sample enthusiast, heartbroken Auto-Tune crooner, hedonistic avant-pop composer, industrial-rap shit-talker" while making use of bass and percussion lines "that are only the tail-end decay of some lost starting place, some vanished rhythmic Eden".[52] Writing for The Daily Telegraph, Neil McCormick claimed the album sounds like abstract hip hop work and noted the somewhat disjointed sound,[53] while Pretty Much Amazing critic Nathan Wisnicki noted occasional elements of "hyperactive" progressive hip hop.[54]

"Ultralight Beam"
Sample of the intro track "Ultralight Beam", noted for its gospel elements.[55][56]
Problems playing this file? See media help.

West described the music on The Life of Pablo as "The gospel according to Ye", explaining that his gospel differs somewhat from what happened in the Bible, "but it's this story idea of Mary Magdalene becoming Mary".[33] Corbin Reiff of The A.V. Club claimed the album only works "as a gospel record if, as a listener, you worship at his altar".[57] Madison Vain described The Life of Pablo as "a gospel album".[49] In Uproxx, Steven Hyden dubbed the album as West's "ecstatically bleary gospel-rap excursion".[58] Gavin Haynes of NME described The Life of Pablo as the point where West suddenly changes direction "from futuristic beats on the likes of 'Feedback' to bog-standard modern trap", with Haynes citing Desiigner's vocals on "Pt. 2" as an example of the latter, while he noted West took on the direction of "vintage soul on 'Ultra Light Beam'".[59] Chance the Rapper and his instrumental collaborator Donnie Trumpet bring elements of soul revivalism into the track during Chance the Rapper's guest verse.[57] Greg Kot of the Chicago Tribune contrasted Chance the Rapper's "gospel-informed hip-hop tracks" with West's take on that tradition, claiming the version of gospel provided by West includes "some of those sonic cues – heavy organ, soaring choirs".[60] However, Kot concluded by describing West as "more preoccupied with gospel text and the notion of redemption".[60] "Ultralight Beam", in particular, has been described as featuring several gospel elements, including "the sound of a 4-year-old preaching gospel, some organ", as well as a church choir singing the refrain of "This is a God dream".[56] Gospel elements similar to those of the song are included in "Low Lights", adding to the general gospel theme.[61] "Father Stretch My Hands, Pt. 1" was described as gospel music in its composition.[62]

Lyrics and themes

[edit]

Ray Rahman of Entertainment Weekly noted the album's frequent meditations on matters of faith, family, and West's own role as a cultural figure while observing that "Pablo frequently (some might say abruptly) toggles between Sad Kanye and the bombastic and celebratory Kanye".[63] McCormick described West as "constantly veering between swaggering bravado and insecurity bordering on paranoia, smashing the sacred against the profane and disrupting his own flowing grooves with interjections".[53] He claimed the interjections sound as if "they are spilling over from another studio altogether".[53] Referencing West's lyrical performance, Sheffield wrote that he "knows he's got some issues to work on".[51] The Life of Pablo features "gloomy, doomy" discussions of trust issues, antidepressants, and familial problems on tracks such as "FML" and "Real Friends".[63]

Chance the Rapper explained certain lyrics on his "Ultralight Beam" verse are a reference to his "own leadership of all other artists towards independence and freedom".[64] The song itself is focused around West's faith in God.[65] Miles Raymer of GQ wrote that "Father Stretch My Hands, Pt. 1" is "a gospel song about fucking models" and described it as transitioning into "a soul-baring confessional dance track" in "Pt. 2", which includes "two entire verses of an entirely different song about drug-dealing and cars" from Desiigner,[62] with his single "Panda" being sampled.[66] Raymer noted that after Desiigner's vocals, the song resolves "into a meditative piece for vocoder" from contemporary classical composer Caroline Shaw.[62]

The song "Famous" includes the controversial lyric "I feel like me and Taylor might still have sex/Why? I made that bitch famous".[10] The lyric refers to West interrupting Taylor Swift's acceptance speech at the 2009 MTV Video Music Awards. This was heavily publicized and many publications and viewers criticized West.[60][56][62][67] Kot called the song "an example of just how brilliant and infuriating West can be at the same time".[60] Greene wrote that the lyric "feels like a piece of bathroom graffiti" and felt its intention is to "reignite the most racially-charged rivalry in 21st-century pop".[56] Throughout the song, West references the fame and wealth that he's gathered during his career, and he also showcases braggadocio.[68]

"Real Friends"
On the promotional single "Real Friends" from the album's later half, West discusses trust issues regarding his family.[55][63] Ty Dolla Sign provides additional vocals.
Problems playing this file? See media help.

"Feedback" features West responding to his critics with the lyric, "Name one genius that ain't crazy" to do so.[63] Raymer wrote the lyric is confirming the two frequent major criticisms of West "that he's an egomaniac and that he's mentally unwell".[62] God and his connection to spirituality are referenced within "Low Lights", with the vocals coming from an unknown woman delivering a sample of Sandy Rivera's performance on the a cappella version of "Save Me" by the duo Kings of Tomorrow.[61][69] West raps about the newfound fame and fortune in his life after marrying Kim Kardashian in "Highlights".[70] West uses sexually explicit lyrics to describe his fantasies and dreams on "Freestyle 4".[71] The interlude "I Love Kanye" features self-aware a cappella lyrics referencing West's changing public image.[57] The track "Waves" is "uplifting", including braggadocious lyrics mixed with those of a darker tone that reference death or the ending of relationships.[72] Within "FML", West raps about maintaining his loyalty to Kardashian, and the title stands for "Fuck My Life" as well as "For My Lady", as both phrases are mentioned in the song.[73] Raymer claimed that the lyric "You ain't never seen nothing crazier than this nigga when he off his Lexapro" is confirmation of West's major sources of criticism.[62] West touches on trust issues with his family on "Real Friends", which includes lyrics about a cousin blackmailing him.[63]

West shows fear of possibly being viewed as a guilt-ridden son on "Wolves".[51] The song features the lyrics "Cover Nori in lamb's wool/We surrounded by/The fuckin wolves", used by West to offer an image of him and Kardashian as the biblical figures Mary and Joseph.[56] The interlude "Frank's Track" consists of Frank Ocean crooning depressing and dark lyrics.[36][74] American rapper Max B delivers a voicemail about "good vibes" on "Siiiiiiiiilver Surffffeeeeer Intermission", which is followed by fellow rapper French Montana blurting out the phrase "silver surfer" repeatedly on the interlude, until the phrase is repeated by Max B.[75] The song "30 Hours" includes West delivering the "real life commentary" that he has become known for.[76] West unapologetically declares his greatness in "No More Parties in LA", while fellow rapper Kendrick Lamar adds to the backdrop of the song.[77] "Facts (Charlie Heat Version)" is a Nike diss track that features West bragging about the success of his Yeezy shoes.[72] Forrest Wickman from Slate wrote that "Fade" is where "West, R&B singer-songwriter Ty Dolla Sign, and 'White Iverson' singer Post Malone alternate verses", with Wickman viewing the lyrics as being centered on "trying to hold on to a love that's fading".[72] West raps in a self-reflective way on "Saint Pablo", which also includes him rapping with political edge, humor, and a logically clear through-line.[41]

Promotion and release

[edit]
Ty Dolla $ign in 2015
Vocals from Ty Dolla Sign are featured on the third single "Fade" and promotional single "Real Friends".

West marked his first music release since "All Day" with the release of the promotional single "Facts" on December 31, 2015.[78] A new version of the song was released on The Life of Pablo under the title "Facts (Charlie Heat Version)".[72] On January 8, 2016, Kardashian announced via Twitter the release of "Real Friends", which simultaneously initiated the return of West's GOOD Fridays;[79] West had launched this initiative as a weekly free music giveaway leading up to the release of My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy.[8] "Real Friends", featuring vocals by Ty Dolla Sign, was released the day it was announced via West's SoundCloud account with the disclosure of The Life of Pablo's release date.[8][80] As well as debuting the song, West shared a snippet of the forthcoming GOOD Friday release, titled "No More Parties in LA", which features vocals by Kendrick Lamar.[81] On August 16, 2019, "Real Friends" was certified silver in the United Kingdom by the British Phonographic Industry (BPI) for selling 200,000 units.[82] "No More Parties in LA" experienced its proper release the following week, also through SoundCloud. Madlib and West produced the song, which contains a sample of "Suzie Thundertussy" performed by Walter "Junie" Morrison.[77] It was certified gold in the US by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) for sales of 500,000 units on August 15, 2018.[83] After a number of delayed premieres,[56] On February 12, 2016, West released a new track, titled "30 Hours", as part of his GOOD Fridays series.[76] The song features vocals by American musician André 3000.[66]

On February 14, West performed "Highlights" and "Ultralight Beam" on Saturday Night Live.[30] That same day, The Life of Pablo was released for streaming exclusively on Tidal through GOOD Music, distributed by Def Jam Recordings.[84] It was made available for purchase for $20 for a few hours, though it reverted to streaming-only afterwards.[84] West announced the album would be available outside of Tidal a week later, while imploring people to sign up for the service.[85] However, the following day, West claimed he would never release The Life of Pablo outside of Tidal, encouraging his fans to sign up for the service.[86] On the same day, Pigeons & Planes claimed the version of the album made available for streaming on Tidal was not its final version.[87] After an active weekend, during which he was finishing The Life of Pablo, West stated he had $53,000,000 in personal debt and called for Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg to invest $1 billion in his ideas. West also called on other tech billionaires to help him.[88] The album's premier and launch won the awards for Innovation and Integrated Campaign, respectively, at the 2017 Clio Awards.[89][90]

Streaming and commercial release

[edit]

The Life of Pablo initially received an exclusive Tidal release on February 14, 2016. West urged the public to download the application to hear the album, which resulted in it temporarily reaching the number one spot on the US App Store.[91] West later tweeted that he "was thinking about not making CDs ever again", and stated that he would never release The Life of Pablo outside of Tidal.[92] The album's initial exclusive release on Tidal resulted in a large increase in subscribers to the service, 250 million streams in the first 10 days, and 400 million streams in the first six weeks before its release to other streaming platforms.[93] Following the Tidal exclusive release, it was announced that "Famous" would be sent to radio stations in the United States on March 28 as the lead single from The Life of Pablo; the song was exclusively released for streaming on Spotify and Apple Music on that date.[94] It peaked at number 34 on the US Billboard Hot 100 and lasted for 14 weeks on the chart.[95] The song was certified double platinum in the US by the RIAA for selling two million units on March 7, 2018.[96] The song reached number 33 on the UK Singles Chart and remained on it for 16 weeks.[97] On January 19, 2018, "Famous" was certified gold in the UK by the BPI for sales of 400,000 units.[98] "I Love Kanye" was the next song from the album to be released on streaming services other than Tidal on March 30, 2016; it also became available on Spotify and Apple Music.[99]

On April 1, 2016, West released an updated version of The Life of Pablo for streaming on Spotify, Apple Music, and Google Play. He also made the album available for purchase on his official website.[94][100] Though "Father Stretch My Hands, Pt. 1" and "Pt. 2" were released as separate tracks on the album, both parts of the song were serviced to radio stations across the United States as the second single, "Father Stretch My Hands", on June 7.[55][101] On the Billboard Hot 100, "Father Stretch My Hands, Pt. 1" charted at number 37 and spent 23 weeks on the chart.[102] The song was certified double platinum in the US by the RIAA for sales of two million units on March 7, 2018.[103] It peaked at number 54 on the UK Singles Chart and stayed on the chart for three weeks.[97] The song was certified silver in the UK by the BPI for pushing 200,000 units on October 20, 2017.[104] "Pt. 2" reached number 54 on the Billboard Hot 100 and remained on the chart for three weeks.[105] On February 1, 2018, the song was certified platinum in the US by the RIAA for selling one million units.[106] The song reached number 70 on the UK Singles Chart and remained there for three weeks, tying the chart stay of "Father Stretch My Hands, Pt. 1".[97] "Fade" was released as the third and final single to radio stations in the UK on September 9, 2016, and sent to US radio stations on September 20.[107][108] On the Billboard Hot 100, the song peaked at number 47 and spent 13 weeks on the chart.[109] It reached number 50 on the UK Singles Chart and remained there for eight weeks.[97] On May 12, 2017, "Fade" was certified silver in the UK by the BPI for selling 200,000 units.[110]

Lawsuit

[edit]

The release onto other streaming platforms, along with West's claims that the album would remain a permanent Tidal "exclusive" prompted a lawsuit to be filed on April 18, 2016, by law firm Edelson PC.[111] It was filed against West and Jay-Z, who was involved as the owner of Tidal, with each of them being sued for $5 million.[111] The lawsuit was filed on behalf of California resident Justin Baker-Rhett accusing them of false advertising.[111] Seeking class-action status, the lawsuit claimed that Tidal and West never intended to have the album as a Tidal limited exclusive forever, but said so to boost Tidal's struggling subscriber growth; with the lawsuit claiming that Tidal's subscriber numbers tripled following the initial release of the album.[112] The lawsuit also claimed that "Kanye has the power to send one tweet out into the world and get 2 million people to act on it" and suing West "is about holding him accountable when he abuses that power".[111] In January 2019, it was reported the lawsuit had been settled with undisclosed terms; the class action lawsuit did not proceed.[113]

Tour

[edit]
West performing on the Saint Pablo Tour in 2016.
West performed the Saint Pablo Tour in 2016 for support of the album.

In August 2016, West embarked on the Saint Pablo Tour in support of The Life of Pablo, two months after announcing it.[114][115] The performances featured a floating platform, the first time West had used one.[116] West postponed several dates in October following the Paris robbery of his then-wife Kim Kardashian.[117] The remainder of the tour was canceled on November 21, 2016, following controversy over comments West made that week supporting president-elect Donald Trump and public criticism by other artists; fellow rapper Snoop Dogg spoke negatively of West's critical comments.[118] West was admitted for psychiatric observation at the UCLA Medical Center later that month.[119][120] Before its cancellation, the Saint Pablo Tour was set to run until December 2016.[121]

Artwork and title

[edit]

On February 11, 2016, West revealed the album's artwork, designed by Belgian artist Peter De Potter.[122] De Potter's level of fame at the time was not as great as that of artists such as George Condo and Takashi Murakami, who had previously designed cover art for West.[123] As De Potter had collaborated with fashion designer Raf Simons in the past, and West had cited him as an influence, there was much speculation that Simons was the reason the two became involved with each other.[123] The artwork was described as a "post-modern cover" and it displays the album's title in all caps, as well as featuring a small family photo in the bottom corner.[124] West shared another cover for The Life of Pablo on the same date with the phrase "which one" on it that was included on the notepad of the final track list, and a cropped photo of British model Sheniz Halil that shows her buttocks;[125][126] this artwork was used for the official release.[29] Kim Kardashian reportedly chose Halil for the artwork. After this information was revealed, Halil's Instagram popularity increased.[127] In response to being selected, Halil said in an interview with the New York Daily News that she "couldn't be more flattered and honoured", thanking both West and Kardashian.[126]

By titling his album The Life of Pablo, West confused people as to which Pablo he was referencing with the title.[128] Pablo Escobar, Pablo Neruda, Pablo Picasso and a child named Pablo who famously shouted his support of West for president at the 2015 VMAs were viewed as potential people referenced in the album's title.[129] MTV pointed to the title being in reference to Picasso, as West had said during a 2015 lecture at the University of Oxford that if he "was going to do art, fine art", then he would have aimed "to become Picasso or greater".[129] By writing "Which one?" on his notepad, West hinted that he might not remember the meaning of the title he had chosen.[128] West eventually revealed the meaning during an episode of the American talk show Kocktails with Khloé in April 2016. His sister-in-law Khloé Kardashian asked him, "Who the fuck is Pablo"? He replied the title was inspired by Escobar, Picasso and the Apostle Paul, since Paul translates into Pablo in Spanish.[130] Writing for The Guardian, Jonathan Jones drew an artistic comparison between West and Picasso, claiming that West's sampling of music, "reworking old songs" and "mixing it all up" is similar to the way in which Picasso "first put bits of the real world into modern art".[131]

Critical reception

[edit]
The Life of Pablo ratings
Aggregate scores
SourceRating
AnyDecentMusic?7.4/10[132]
Metacritic75/100[133]
Review scores
SourceRating
AllMusic[55]
The Daily Telegraph[53]
Entertainment WeeklyB+[63]
The Guardian[134]
NME4/5[59]
Pitchfork9.0/10[56]
Rolling Stone[51]
Spin8/10[135]
USA Today[136]
Vice (Expert Witness)A−[137]

The Life of Pablo was met with generally positive reviews from music critics. At Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating out of 100 to reviews from professional publications, the album received an average score of 75, based on 35 reviews.[133] Aggregator AnyDecentMusic? gave it 7.4 out of 10, based on their assessment of the critical consensus.[132]

Rob Sheffield dubbed it both a mess and masterpiece: "This is a messy album that feels like it was made that way on purpose."[51] He elaborated, writing that "West just drops broken pieces of his psyche all over the album and challenges you to fit them together".[51] Corbin Reiff opined that The Life of Pablo "feels far different from any of the tightly constructed, singular works of West's past", asserting instead that "as a beautiful, messy, mixed-up collection of 18 songs, it's a brilliant document".[57] Writing for The New York Times, Jon Caramanica said West "has perfected the art of aesthetic and intellectual bricolage, shape-shifting in real time and counting on listeners to keep up", concluding "this is Tumblr-as-album, the piecing together of divergent fragments to make a cohesive whole".[138] In a highly positive review, Jayson Greene wrote that all of West's work is animated by "a madcap sense of humor", and claimed "The Life of Pablo has a freewheeling energy that is infectious and unique to his discography", finding that it manages to come across "as both his most labored-over and unfinished album, full of asterisks and corrections and footnotes".[56] Robert Christgau of Vice found the record "wittingly casual and easy on the ears", writing that, "unlike Yeezus, it won't top many 2016 lists—it's too blatantly imperfect, too flagrantly unfocused. But that's also its charm, and I prefer it".[137] Spin's Greg Tate wrote that "even if Mr. West feels (for now, at least) that his best years as a rap superstar are behind him, there's still hella great beats roaming around that dazed and befuddling noggin per The Life of Pablo for dang sure" and described the album as "long on musical confidence and short on inspirational verses". He viewed the "plaintive vulnerability and alienation" expressed by West as at least seeming "cathartically crafted".[135] Writing for USA Today, Patrick Ryan claimed that even though the album "may not deliver on West's promise of being 'the album of the life', it's undeniably the work of one of music's most boundary-pushing artists and will give fans plenty to unpack".[136]

Ray Rahman was less enthusiastic, calling The Life of Pablo "an ambitious album that finds the rapper struggling to compact his many identities into one weird, uncomfortable, glorious whole".[63] He elaborated, claiming that like West "himself, the album is emotional, explosive, unpredictable, and undeniably thrilling".[63] Alexis Petridis expressed further criticism in The Guardian, finding the album "at turns, rambling, chaotic, deeply underwhelming, impressively audacious, and completely infuriating", suggesting that it "appears to have had ideas thrown at it until it feels messy and incoherent", despite concluding that "when The Life of Pablo is good, it's very good indeed".[134] Neil McCormick wrote, "The Life of Pablo is certainly rich in musical scope, chock a block with inspired ideas", but he felt the work to be "so self-involved it crosses over into self-delusion, marked by such a tangible absence of perspective and objectivity".[53] In a mixed review, Greg Kot expressed the viewpoint that "The Life of Pablo sounds like a work in progress rather than a finished album", though he claimed that "West comes off as a man with hundreds of ideas in play all at once" who lacks any filter.[60]

Rankings

[edit]

The Life of Pablo appeared on several year-end lists of the best albums of 2016. Dummy ranked the album as the best of 2016, claiming that "it delivered some of the hugest musical moments of the year", noting elements of songs such as "Ultralight Beam" and "Pt. 2".[139] Caramanica also named The Life of Pablo the best album of the year and called it: "A grand, caustic album about grace: finding it, praying for it, falling from it."[140] Time Out London was among the three publications to list The Life of Pablo as the best album of 2016, writing that "the incredible, exciting and daring The Life of Pablo really does show Kanye as a restless, Jobs-esque genius, with a flair for convening talented people and getting exceptional work out of them".[141]

As well as ranking at number three on the Pitchfork Readers' Poll: Top 50 Albums of 2016, the album was voted fifth by readers for both the most underrated and most overrated album of the year.[142] On the Top 50 Songs of 2016 poll, "Ultralight Beam" ranked at number one.[142] "Real Friends" and "No More Parties in LA" also appeared on the list as the 13th and 16th best songs, respectively.[142] In February 2016, Inverse named The Life of Pablo West's best album.[143] In 2024, Paste named the album as the 86th greatest of all time.[144]

Select rankings of The Life of Pablo
Publication List Rank Ref.
The A.V. Club The A.V. Club's Top 50 Albums of 2016
18
[145]
Billboard Billboard's 50 Best Albums of 2016
2
[146]
The Guardian Best Albums of 2016
4
[46]
The New York Times The Best Albums of 2016 (Jon Caramanica's list)
1
[140]
Paste The 50 Best Albums of 2016
11
[147]
The 300 Greatest Albums of All Time
86
[144]
Pitchfork The 50 Best Albums of 2016
5
[148]
Pitchfork Readers' Poll: Top 50 Albums of 2016
3
[142]
Spin The 50 Best Albums of 2016
13
[149]
Time Out London The Best Albums of 2016
1
[141]
The Village Voice Pazz & Jop Critics Poll of 2016
10
[150]
The Wire Top 50 Releases of the Year
13
[151]

Industry awards

[edit]

At the 2016 BET Hip Hop Awards, The Life of Pablo was nominated for Album of the Year.[152] The album received a nomination for Best Rap Album at the 2017 Grammy Awards, ultimately losing to Chance the Rapper's third mixtape Coloring Book.[153] At the same ceremony, "Ultralight Beam" and "Famous" were both nominated in the categories of Best Rap/Sung Performance and Best Rap Song.[153] West's failure to win any awards gave him a streak of losing 16 Grammy nominations in a row.[154] Despite The Life of Pablo being more successful in terms of Grammy nominations than Yeezus, My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy and West's fourth studio album 808s & Heartbreak (2008), several publications viewed the lack of a nomination for Album of the Year as being a snub.[155][156][157] Writing for Bustle, Sam Rullo called West's lack of a nomination for the award "so disappointing", though he claimed that "the snub can't be deemed surprising, because it follows in a long tradition of the awards show shying away from his more experimental albums".[155] Rullo also claimed that other tracks from The Life of Pablo should have been nominated in award categories as well as "Ultralight Beam" and "Famous".[155] The Life of Pablo was nominated for Best Album at the 2017 NME Awards.[158] At the 2016 Soul Train Music Awards, the album earned a nomination for Album of the Year.[159]

Commercial performance

[edit]

After being made available solely on Tidal, The Life of Pablo failed to chart initially because West declined to share the streaming numbers with Nielsen Music.[160] The album was reportedly subject to over 500,000 illegal downloads within 24 hours of its release, becoming the most illegally downloaded album ever and causing a resurgence in the file sharing of music.[161][162] Despite West asking Tidal to withhold streaming numbers for The Life of Pablo in February, the service revealed in March 2016 that the album was streamed over 250 million times within ten days of being released.[163] In May 2018, the Norwegian newspaper Dagens Næringsliv published an investigative report that accused Tidal of manipulating Beyonce's Lemonade and Kanye West's Life of Pablo streaming numbers.[164] The report claimed that "listener numbers on Tidal have been manipulated to the tune of several hundred million false plays"; the service denied the report.[164]

On April 9, 2016, Billboard reported that after The Life of Pablo had been released to services other than Tidal the album was set to debut atop the US Billboard 200 and had sold 90,000 album-equivalent units at the time.[165] The Life of Pablo was a chart-topping debut, West's seventh consecutive number one studio album in the United States, selling 94,000 album-equivalent units.[166] 28,000 of the album-equivalent units for The Life of Pablo were pure album sales, while the remaining 66,000 units were streaming equivalent albums that equated to over 99 million streams and accounted for 70% of the units.[166][167] This stood as the first time an album had topped the Billboard 200 with the majority of the units coming from streaming equivalent albums, surpassing the previous benchmark of 44.6% set by Rihanna's eighth studio album Anti (2016).[166] The Life of Pablo's 66,000 streaming equivalent albums stood as the second highest streaming sum behind the 67,000 by Canadian singer Justin Bieber's fourth studio album Purpose (2015).[166]

In its second week on the Billboard 200, The Life of Pablo descended three places to number four and pushed 47,000 album-equivalent units, experiencing a 50% decline from the first week's sales.[167] The album dropped 95% in pure album sales, selling around 1,000 copies.[167] The album ranked as the 27th most popular album of 2016 on the Billboard 200, while ranking at number 88 on the US Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart for that year.[168][169] On April 4, 2017, The Life of Pablo was certified platinum in the US by the RIAA for sales of one million album-equivalent units,[170] 798,000 of which had been sold up to January 1.[171] Though it had been confirmed that the RIAA do not break out the components of any certifications, West's label Def Jam confirmed the album was certified from streaming-only.[170] This made it stand as the first streaming-only album to go platinum in the US and also gave West his eighth album to achieve an RIAA certification of platinum or higher.[170] The album was certified double platinum in the US by the RIAA for selling two million album-equivalent units on February 27, 2020.[172]

The Life of Pablo debuted at number one on the Norwegian Albums Chart and remained on it for 62 weeks, giving West his first chart-topping solo album in Norway as well as his longest-charting album there.[173] The album peaked at number two on the Swedish Albums chart, standing as West's highest-charting album in Sweden and ultimately ranking as the 55th most popular album of 2016 on the chart.[174][175] In Denmark, The Life of Pablo attained the same peak position on the Danish Albums chart.[176] The album ranked as the 12th most popular album of 2016 on the chart.[177] On November 12, 2018, The Life of Pablo was certified double platinum in Denmark by IFPI Danmark for shipments of 40,000 copies.[178] The album debuted on the Finnish Albums (Top 50) chart at number 12 and climbed seven places to number five in its second week on the chart.[179] On the Canadian Albums Chart, The Life of Pablo entered at number six and ranked as the 40th most popular album of 2016 on the chart.[180][181] In the week of Jesus Is King's release in 2019, The Life of Pablo rose 93 places from number 159 to number 66 on the Canadian Albums chart, increasing in consumption units by 51%.[182] The album reached number eight on the Dutch Album Top 100 and ranked as the 72nd most popular album on the chart in 2016.[183][184] The same position was attained by The Life of Pablo on the Irish Albums Chart.[185] On the UK Albums Chart, the album charted at number 30.[186] It stood as West's eighth top 40 album in the UK and spent 47 weeks on the chart.[186] The Life of Pablo was certified gold in the UK by the BPI on March 3, 2017, for sales of 100,000 album-equivalent units that were the results of streams, becoming the first album to ever do so in the country.[186] Official Charts data reported that the 100,000 units required for being gold accounted to each song being streamed an average of 10.5 million times and that the album equivalent streams amounted to 100,316.[187]

The same week that The Life of Pablo debuted on the Billboard 200, 12 of the tracks appeared on the US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, with "Famous" charting the highest at number 13.[188] However, since the song had debuted on the chart a week prior, only 11 of the 12 tracks entered the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs that week; the entry of "Father Stretch My Hands, Pt. 1" at number 14 stood as the highest debut.[188] Eight of the tracks debuted on the Billboard Hot 100, with "Famous" having the highest entry at number 34.[188] The tracks appearing on the charts lead to West reaching a new peak of number three on the Billboard Artist 100, which was the first time he reached the top ten of the chart.[188] On the UK Singles Chart, nine of the tracks charted upon the album's release, with "Famous" having the highest debut by opening at number 33.[189]

Track listing

[edit]
The Life of Pablo track listing
No.TitleWriter(s)Producer(s)Length
1."Ultralight Beam"
5:20
2."Father Stretch My Hands, Pt. 1"
2:15
3."Pt. 2"
  • West
  • Menace
  • Rubin
  • Plain Pat[a]
  • Shaw[b]
2:10
4."Famous"
3:16
5."Feedback"
  • West
  • Brown
  • Goldstein
  • Young
  • Darius Jenkins
  • K. Rachel Mills
  • Marcus Byrd
  • Bennett
  • Jones
  • Ardalan Sarfaraz[f]
  • Manouchehr Cheshmazar[f]
  • West
  • Charlie Heat[a]
  • Goldstein[a]
2:27
6."Low Lights"
  • West
  • DJDS
  • M. Dean[b]
2:11
7."Highlights"
3:19
8."Freestyle 4"
2:03
9."I Love Kanye"
  • West
  • Jones
West0:44
10."Waves"
3:01
11."FML"
3:56
12."Real Friends"
4:11
13."Wolves"
5:01
14."Frank's Track"
  • West
  • Cashmere Cat
  • Sinjin Hawke
0:38
15."Siiiiiiiiilver Surffffeeeeer Intermission"
West0:56
16."30 Hours"
5:23
17."No More Parties in LA"
6:14
18."Facts (Charlie Heat Version)"
  • West
  • Metro Boomin
  • Southside
  • Charlie Heat
3:20
19."Fade"
3:13
20."Saint Pablo"
  • West
  • M. Dean
  • Ritter[a]
  • Goldstein[b]
6:12
Total length:66:01

Notes

  • ^[a] signifies a co-producer
  • ^[b] signifies an additional producer
  • "Ultralight Beam" features vocals by Chance the Rapper, Kirk Franklin, The-Dream, and Kelly Price, and additional vocals by Natalie Green and Samoria Green
  • "Father Stretch My Hands Pt. 1" features vocals by Kid Cudi and Kelly Price
  • "Pt. 2" features vocals by Desiigner and Caroline Shaw
  • "Famous" features vocals by Rihanna and Swizz Beatz
  • "Highlights" features vocals by Young Thug, and additional vocals by The-Dream, El DeBarge, and Kelly Price
  • "Freestyle 4" features vocals by Desiigner
  • "Waves" features vocals by Chris Brown and Kid Cudi
  • "FML" features vocals by The Weeknd, and additional vocals by Caroline Shaw
  • "Real Friends" features vocals by Ty Dolla Sign
  • "Wolves" features vocals by Vic Mensa, Sia, and Caroline Shaw
  • "Frank's Track" features uncredited vocals by Frank Ocean[36]
  • "Siiiiiiiiilver Surffffeeeeer Intermission" features vocals by Max B and French Montana
  • "30 Hours" features background vocals by André Benjamin
  • "No More Parties in LA" features vocals by Kendrick Lamar
  • "Fade" features vocals by Post Malone and Ty Dolla Sign
  • "Saint Pablo" features vocals by Sampha

Sample credits

Personnel

[edit]

Credits adapted from West's website and Tidal.[66][190]

Technical

  • Andrew Dawson – engineering (1–8, 10, 11, 13, 16–20)
  • Mike Dean – engineering (1–8, 10, 11, 13, 16, 18–20), mastering (all tracks)
  • Noah Goldstein – engineering (1–13, 16–20), mixing (9, 14, 15)
  • Anthony Kilhoffer – engineering (1–8, 10, 11, 13, 16, 18–20)
  • Mike Malchicoff – engineering (1, 7)
  • Nathaniel Alford – engineering (7)
  • Dee Brown – engineering (7)
  • Alex Tumay – engineering (7)
  • Tom Kahre – engineering (8, 10)
  • Ty Dolla Sign – engineering (12)
  • French Montana – engineering (15)
  • MixedByAli – engineering (17)
  • Manny Marroquin – mixing (1–8, 10–13, 16–20)
  • Kez Khou – mix assistance (7, 13)
  • Chris Galland – mix assistance (12, 17, 20)
  • Jeff Jackson – mix assistance (12, 17, 20)
  • Ike Schultz – mix assistance (12, 17, 20)
  • Kuk Harrell – vocal production for Rihanna (4)
  • Zeke Mishanec – vocals recording for Swizz Beatz (4)
  • Marcos Tovar – vocals recording for Rihanna (4)
  • Shin Kamiyama – vocals recording for The Weeknd (11)
  • Joe Balaguer – vocals assistance for Rihanna (4)

Musicians

  • Mike Dean – keyboards (1, 2, 7, 11, 12), bass guitar (1), Moog modular (2), vocoder (16)
  • Donnie Trumpet – trumpets (1)
  • Anthony Evans – choir contracting (1)
  • Shanika Bereal – choir (1)
  • Kenyon Dixon – choir (1)
  • Aaron Encinas – choir (1)
  • Crystal Lewis Ray – choir (1)
  • LaKesha Shantell – choir (1)
  • Tiffany Stevenson – choir (1)
  • Chavonne Stewart – choir (1)
  • Rachel Whitlow – choir (1)
  • George Young – choir (1)
  • Greg Phillinganes – keyboards (7)

Design

  • Virgil Abloh – assistant creative direction
  • Peter De Potter – album artwork design
  • DONDA – art direction
    • Joe Perez
    • Mark Seekings
    • Justin Saunders
    • Nate Brown
  • Ryan Dwyer – photography
  • Sheniz H – photo model
  • Kanye West – creative direction

Charts

[edit]

Certifications

[edit]
Certifications and sales for The Life of Pablo
Region Certification Certified units/sales
Australia (ARIA)[208] Platinum 70,000‡
Canada (Music Canada)[209] 2× Platinum 160,000‡
Denmark (IFPI Danmark)[178] 3× Platinum 60,000‡
France (SNEP)[210] Gold 50,000‡
Italy (FIMI)[211] Gold 25,000‡
Poland (ZPAV)[212] Gold 10,000‡
United Kingdom (BPI)[213] Platinum 300,000‡
United States (RIAA)[172] 3× Platinum 3,000,000‡

‡ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone.

Release history

[edit]
Release dates and formats for The Life of Pablo
Region Date Label(s) Format(s) Ref.
Various February 14, 2016
Streaming (Tidal exclusive) [29]
April 1, 2016
[100]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Rys, Dan (January 9, 2016). "Kanye West Madlib Made No More Parties in LA for My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy Interview Video". Hypebeast. Archived from the original on January 10, 2016. Retrieved February 9, 2016.
  2. ^ Billboard Staff (March 1, 2015). "Kanye West's New Album Title: 'So Help Me God'". Billboard. Archived from the original on January 9, 2016. Retrieved January 11, 2016.
  3. ^ Grow, Kory (April 1, 2014). "Kanye West Postpones Australian Tour to Record New Album for 2014". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on February 14, 2016. Retrieved February 16, 2016.
  4. ^ Rys, Dan (December 3, 2013). "Q-Tip Will Produce Kanye West's Next Album With Rick Rubin". XXL. Archived from the original on May 27, 2014. Retrieved June 9, 2014.
  5. ^ Minsker, Evan (May 24, 2014). "Kanye West's "God Level", Co-Produced by Hudson Mohawke, Featured in Adidas Ad". Pitchfork. Archived from the original on February 15, 2016. Retrieved February 16, 2016.
  6. ^ Hernandez, Victoria (September 17, 2015). "Travi$ Scott Says "3500" Was Meant For Kanye West". HipHopDX. Archived from the original on February 16, 2016. Retrieved February 16, 2016.
  7. ^ Minsker, Evan (May 3, 2015). "Kanye West's Album Has a New Title Now". Pitchfork. Archived from the original on April 11, 2019. Retrieved September 20, 2019.
  8. ^ a b c d Minsker, Evan; Strauss, Matthew (January 8, 2016). "Kanye West Announces Swish Release Date". Pitchfork. Archived from the original on January 15, 2016. Retrieved January 14, 2016.
  9. ^ Strauss, Matthew (February 10, 2016). "Kanye West Announces New Album Title, Shares Final Tracklist". Pitchfork. Archived from the original on June 29, 2016. Retrieved July 1, 2016.
  10. ^ a b Renner, Eric (April 11, 2016). "Kanye West addresses Taylor Swift controversy". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on April 15, 2016. Retrieved April 16, 2016.
  11. ^ Molloy, Mark (February 12, 2016). "Kanye West defends controversial lyrics about Taylor Swift in Twitter rant". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on April 15, 2016. Retrieved April 16, 2016.
  12. ^ Ryan, Beth (February 11, 2016). "Kanye West finally decides on album title – and everything else we know so far". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on March 31, 2016. Retrieved September 22, 2019.
  13. ^ Phillips, Amy (February 11, 2016). "Kanye West New Album The Life Of Pablo Debut Live Stream: Watch It Here". Pitchfork. Archived from the original on February 11, 2016. Retrieved February 11, 2016.
  14. ^ Gush, Charlotte (February 12, 2016). "Kanye says album being mastered for release today with added tracks". i-D. Archived from the original on December 23, 2020. Retrieved August 28, 2019.
  15. ^ Kreps, Daniel (February 13, 2016). "'Blame Chance': Kanye West Explains 'Life of Pablo' Album Delay". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on May 28, 2019. Retrieved August 28, 2019.
  16. ^ Eric (January 8, 2016). "Here's a Video of Kanye West Rapping "No More Parties in LA" in 2013". Pigeons & Planes. Archived from the original on January 12, 2016. Retrieved February 12, 2016.
  17. ^ Ortiz, Edwin (January 8, 2016). "Kanye West Recorded 'No More Parties in LA' With Madlib During the 'My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy' Sessions". Complex. Archived from the original on February 4, 2016. Retrieved February 12, 2016.
  18. ^ Beauchemin, Molly (January 3, 2015). "Ty Dolla $ign Says He, Kanye West, Rihanna, and Paul McCartney Are Dropping A Song Together". Pitchfork. Archived from the original on January 11, 2016. Retrieved January 20, 2016.
  19. ^ Kennedy, John (February 2, 2015). "Kanye Taps Pusha T + Consequence for New LP". Ebony. Archived from the original on January 27, 2016. Retrieved January 20, 2016.
  20. ^ a b c Young, Alex (April 10, 2014). "Kanye West requests Otis Redding, Mobb Deep-style beats for his new album". Consequence. Archived from the original on January 28, 2016. Retrieved January 20, 2016.
  21. ^ McCown, Alex (February 20, 2015). "Kanye West says his new album will be a surprise, thereby ruining the surprise". The A.V. Club. Archived from the original on March 6, 2015. Retrieved March 2, 2015.
  22. ^ Markman, Rob (March 3, 2015). "Where on Earth Did Kanye West Hold His So Help Me God Recording Sessions?". MTV. Archived from the original on February 14, 2016. Retrieved January 20, 2016.
  23. ^ Gase, Zach (October 20, 2015). "Post Malone talks Kanye West collaboration". National Sun-Times. Archived from the original on October 21, 2015. Retrieved February 9, 2016.
  24. ^ Saul, Heather (February 10, 2016). "Our only comment is 'T.L.O.P.' will be in stores February 11 and 'The Book of Daniel' will be in stores February 29". The Independent. Archived from the original on December 23, 2020. Retrieved August 14, 2019.
  25. ^ Gibsone, Harriet (January 26, 2016). "What we know about Kanye West's Waves, the greatest album of all time". The Guardian. Archived from the original on February 8, 2016. Retrieved February 9, 2016.
  26. ^ Platon, Adelle (January 27, 2016). "Kanye West Reveals Third 'Waves' Tracklist". Billboard. Archived from the original on February 5, 2016. Retrieved February 9, 2016.
  27. ^ DeVille, Chris (February 1, 2016). "Tyler, The Creator Is The Latest To Join Kanye's Waves Party". Stereogum. Retrieved February 9, 2016.
  28. ^ Schwartz, Danny (February 11, 2016). "Brooklyn Rapper Desiigner Signs To G.O.O.D. Music". HotNewHipHop. Archived from the original on March 24, 2016. Retrieved March 26, 2016.
  29. ^ a b c Monroe, Jazz (February 14, 2016). "Kanye West's The Life of Pablo Is Out Now". Pitchfork. Archived from the original on February 14, 2016. Retrieved February 14, 2016.
  30. ^ a b Truong, Peggy (February 16, 2016). "Kanye West Reportedly Had a Meltdown Before Going on SNL". Cosmopolitan. Archived from the original on February 17, 2016. Retrieved February 16, 2016.
  31. ^ Young, Alex (March 31, 2016). "Kanye West updates 12 tracks on The Life of Pablo, album available everywhere on Friday". Consequence. Archived from the original on March 31, 2016. Retrieved March 31, 2016.
  32. ^ Stolworthy, Jacob (January 28, 2016). "Kanye West tells Twitter Waves is a gospel album". The Independent. Archived from the original on January 28, 2016. Retrieved September 20, 2019.
  33. ^ a b Thomasos, Christine (February 12, 2016). "Kanye West's 'Gospel Album' Features Kirk Franklin Praying in 'Ultra Light Beam'". The Christian Post. Archived from the original on February 17, 2016. Retrieved February 18, 2016.
  34. ^ Dandridge-Lemco, Ben. "Kanye West Is Updating "Wolves"". The Fader. Archived from the original on March 17, 2016. Retrieved March 15, 2016.
  35. ^ Rossignol, Derrick (March 13, 2016). "Kanye West's 'The Life of Pablo' Is Being Updated on Tidal Right Now". Pigeons & Planes. Archived from the original on April 23, 2017. Retrieved May 11, 2017.
  36. ^ a b c Hughes, Josiah (March 15, 2016). "Kanye West Adds Sia and Vic Mensa Back to 'The Life of Pablo,' Gives Frank Ocean His Own Track". Exclaim!. Archived from the original on March 18, 2016. Retrieved March 16, 2016.
  37. ^ Fleischer, Adam (March 16, 2016). "Kanye West Kept His Promise -- He Fixed 'Wolves'". MTV. Archived from the original on December 25, 2019. Retrieved December 26, 2019.
  38. ^ a b Helman, Peter (March 31, 2016). "Kanye West's Updated The Life of Pablo Is Now on Apple Music And Spotify". Stereogum. Archived from the original on July 1, 2016. Retrieved June 23, 2016.
  39. ^ Coscarelli, Joe (March 31, 2016). "400 Million Streams Later, Kanye West's 'Pablo' Is to Get a Wider Release". The New York Times. Archived from the original on April 1, 2016. Retrieved April 1, 2016.
  40. ^ Maicki, Sal. "Here Are All the Changes Made to Kanye West's "The Life of Pablo" So Far". Complex. Retrieved November 19, 2021.
  41. ^ a b Korhnaber, Spencer (June 15, 2016). "'Saint Pablo' and the Power of an Unfinished Album". The Atlantic. Archived from the original on June 16, 2016. Retrieved June 15, 2016.
  42. ^ a b Greene, Jayson (March 16, 2016). "Kanye West Is Still Changing The Life of Pablo. Does It Matter?". Pitchfork. Archived from the original on June 22, 2016. Retrieved June 23, 2016.
  43. ^ a b Cook-Wilson, Winston (April 4, 2016). "Kanye West Updating 'The Life of Pablo' Is A Gamechanger That Everyone Should Copy". Inverse. Archived from the original on August 5, 2016. Retrieved June 23, 2016.
  44. ^ Weinstein, Max (July 6, 2017). "Young Thug Adds Quavo to 'Beautiful Thugger Girls' Album". XXL. Archived from the original on July 7, 2017. Retrieved July 6, 2017.
  45. ^ Bristout, Ralph (July 28, 2017). "Future updates 'HNDRXX' LP with new Nicki Minaj collaboration, "You Da Baddest"". Revolt. Archived from the original on December 23, 2020. Retrieved September 18, 2019.
  46. ^ a b Iqbal, Nosheen (December 13, 2016). "Best albums of 2016: No 4 The Life of Pablo by Kanye West". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on December 13, 2016. Retrieved December 14, 2016.
  47. ^ Welk, Brian; Lincoln, Ross A. (May 30, 2018). "The Time Kanye West Totally Botched the Release of 'The Life of Pablo'". TheWrap. Archived from the original on December 27, 2019. Retrieved December 30, 2019.
  48. ^ Welch, Will (April 15, 2020). "Kanye West on His Next Album, Designing Yeezy, and Kobe Bryant". GQ. Archived from the original on April 15, 2020. Retrieved April 20, 2020.
  49. ^ a b Vain, Madison (February 14, 2016). "Kanye West The Life of Pablo highlights". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on July 16, 2019. Retrieved July 16, 2019.
  50. ^ Yaniz Jr, Robert (June 20, 2018). "Why No One Likes Kanye West Anymore". Cheat Sheet. Archived from the original on June 23, 2017. Retrieved September 12, 2019.
  51. ^ a b c d e f Sheffield, Rob (February 16, 2016). "The Life of Pablo". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on February 17, 2016. Retrieved February 16, 2016.
  52. ^ Wilson, Carl (February 15, 2016). "The G.O.O.D. News". Slate. Archived from the original on February 17, 2016. Retrieved February 18, 2016.
  53. ^ a b c d e McCormick, Neil (February 14, 2016). "Kanye West, The Life of Pablo, review: "much to admire, less to enjoy"". The Daily Telegraph. London. Archived from the original on February 13, 2016. Retrieved February 14, 2016.
  54. ^ Tovar, Daniel (December 9, 2016). "The 60 Best Albums of 2016". Pretty Much Amazing. Archived from the original on July 22, 2021. Retrieved August 3, 2021.
  55. ^ a b c d Jeffries, David. "The Life of Pablo – Kanye West". AllMusic. Archived from the original on February 20, 2016. Retrieved February 18, 2016.
  56. ^ a b c d e f g h Greene, Jayson (February 15, 2016). "Kanye West: The Life of Pablo". Pitchfork. Archived from the original on February 15, 2016. Retrieved February 18, 2016.
  57. ^ a b c d Reiff, Corbin (February 16, 2016). "The Life of Pablo is Kanye West's beautiful, abrasive gospel album". The A.V. Club. Archived from the original on February 18, 2016. Retrieved February 18, 2016.
  58. ^ Hyden, Steven (June 5, 2019). "From 'Dark Fantasy' To 'Ye,' Kanye West's Decade-Long Slide From Greatness To Mediocrity". Uproxx. Archived from the original on September 3, 2019. Retrieved November 6, 2019.
  59. ^ a b Haynes, Gavin (February 19, 2016). "Kanye West – 'The Life of Pablo' Review". NME. Archived from the original on September 18, 2016. Retrieved February 19, 2016.
  60. ^ a b c d e Kot, Greg (2016). "Kanye West's bewildering, frustrating 'Pablo'". Chicago Tribune. No. February 16. Archived from the original on April 5, 2016. Retrieved April 6, 2016.
  61. ^ a b Riotta, Chris (February 16, 2016). "Kanye West's "Low Lights" Lyrics Feature the Most Biblical Meanings in 'The Life of Pablo'". Mic. Archived from the original on May 12, 2016. Retrieved July 2, 2019.
  62. ^ a b c d e f Raymer, Miles (February 17, 2016). "The Life of Pablo: Kanye West's Opus of Chaos". GQ. Archived from the original on May 31, 2016. Retrieved July 3, 2016.
  63. ^ a b c d e f g h Rahman, Ray (February 16, 2016). "Kanye West's 'The Life of Pablo': EW Review". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on February 16, 2016. Retrieved February 16, 2016.
  64. ^ "Chance The Rapper Annotated His Verse on Kanye West's "Ultralight Beam"". Pigeons & Planes. February 15, 2016. Archived from the original on June 23, 2016. Retrieved July 1, 2016.
  65. ^ Lewis, Philip (February 14, 2016). ""Ultralight Beam" Lyrics Highlight Spiritual Meaning Behind Kanye West's 'TLOP'". Mic. Archived from the original on February 20, 2018. Retrieved September 20, 2019.
  66. ^ a b c West, Kanye (February 17, 2016). "The Life of Pablo – Credits". kanyewest.com. Archived from the original on June 16, 2016. Retrieved February 17, 2016.
  67. ^ Yoo, Noah (July 18, 2016). "Kim Kardashian Leaks Video Confirming Taylor Swift Signed Off on Kanye's Infamous "Famous" Line". Pitchfork. Archived from the original on June 30, 2019. Retrieved August 26, 2019.
  68. ^ Lewis, Philip (February 12, 2016). ""Famous" Lyrics: Meaning Behind Kanye West And Rihanna's New Collaboration on 'TLOP'". Yahoo! News. Archived from the original on February 15, 2016. Retrieved September 21, 2019.
  69. ^ Lockett, Dee (May 31, 2016). "A Guide to Understanding Kanye West's The Life of Pablo". Vulture. Archived from the original on April 1, 2019. Retrieved September 21, 2019.
  70. ^ Riotta, Chris (February 14, 2016). "Kanye West "Highlights" Lyrics: Meaning of New Song Off 'The Life of Pablo'". Yahoo! News. Archived from the original on February 15, 2016. Retrieved August 4, 2018.
  71. ^ Lewis, Philip (February 14, 2016). ""Freestyle 4" Lyrics: Kanye West Gets Raunchy in 'TLOP' Track". Mic. Archived from the original on March 3, 2017. Retrieved September 21, 2019.
  72. ^ a b c d Wickman, Forrest (February 14, 2016). "Your Track-by-Track Guide to Kanye West's The Life of Pablo". Slate. Archived from the original on July 21, 2017. Retrieved February 18, 2016.
  73. ^ Riotta, Chris (February 14, 2016). ""FML" Lyrics: Meaning of Kanye West's Most Honest Track About Kim Kardashian on 'TLOP'". Mic. Archived from the original on November 26, 2016. Retrieved September 21, 2019.
  74. ^ Riotta, Chris (February 14, 2016). "Frank Ocean Makes Somewhat of a Comeback on Kanye West's "Wolves" on 'TLOP'". Mic. Archived from the original on March 22, 2017. Retrieved September 22, 2019.
  75. ^ Indiana, Jake (February 15, 2018). "Kanye West's 'The Life of Pablo': Every Song Ranked Worst to Best". Highsnobiety. Archived from the original on February 21, 2021. Retrieved September 22, 2019.
  76. ^ a b Lilah, Rose (February 12, 2016). "Kanye West – 30 Hours – Stream [New Song]". HotNewHipHop. Archived from the original on February 13, 2016. Retrieved February 12, 2016.
  77. ^ a b Robertson, Iyana (January 18, 2016). "Kanye West Officially Returns To His Zone On "No More Parties in L.A." Feat. Kendrick Lamar". Vibe. Archived from the original on January 22, 2016. Retrieved January 27, 2016.
  78. ^ Cox, Jamieson (December 31, 2015). "Listen to Kanye West's new single 'Facts'". The Verge. Archived from the original on August 16, 2019. Retrieved August 16, 2019.
  79. ^ Monroe, Jazz (January 8, 2016). "Kim Kardashian Hints Kanye West Will Drop New Music Every Friday, Starting Today". Pitchfork. Archived from the original on January 15, 2016. Retrieved January 14, 2016.
  80. ^ Frydenlund, Zach (January 8, 2016). "Listen to Kanye West's New Song, "Real Friends" f/ Ty Dolla $ign". Complex. Archived from the original on April 1, 2019. Retrieved September 8, 2019.
  81. ^ Feeney, Nolan (January 18, 2016). "Listen to Kanye West's 'No More Parties in L.A.' Featuring Kendrick Lamar". Time. Archived from the original on February 12, 2016. Retrieved February 18, 2016.
  82. ^ "Award − Kanye West Ft Ty Dolla Sign − Real Friends". BPI. Archived from the original on December 23, 2020. Retrieved September 17, 2019.
  83. ^ "Gold & Platinum − Kanye West − No More Parties in LA". RIAA. Archived from the original on December 23, 2020. Retrieved September 6, 2019.
  84. ^ a b Blum, Sam; Dionne, Zach (February 14, 2016). "You Can Stream Kanye West's 'The Life of Pablo' Album Now, Finally". Fuse. Archived from the original on March 23, 2016. Retrieved March 27, 2016.
  85. ^ Byford, Sam (February 15, 2016). "Tidal hits number 1 after Kanye West begs everyone to sign up". The Verge. Archived from the original on November 9, 2018. Retrieved December 26, 2019.
  86. ^ Stutz, Colin (February 15, 2016). "Kanye West Says 'The Life of Pablo' Will Never Be for Sale, Only on Tidal". Billboard. Archived from the original on February 16, 2016. Retrieved February 16, 2016.
  87. ^ Price, Joe (February 15, 2016). "The Version of 'The Life of Pablo' on Tidal STILL Isn't the Final Version". Pigeons & Planes. Archived from the original on July 18, 2016. Retrieved August 27, 2019.
  88. ^ "Kanye West claims to be $53m in debt, and asks Mark Zuckerberg for help". The Guardian. February 15, 2016. Archived from the original on February 17, 2016. Retrieved February 18, 2016.
  89. ^ "YEEZY Season 3 & Premiere of Life of Pablo". Clios. Archived from the original on December 14, 2017. Retrieved August 8, 2019.
  90. ^ "Kanye West - The Life of Pablo Album Experience". Clios. Archived from the original on October 10, 2018. Retrieved August 8, 2019.
  91. ^ Newcomb, Alyssa (February 15, 2016). "Tidal Claims No. 1 App Store Spot After Kanye West Album Release". ABC News. Archived from the original on February 15, 2016. Retrieved February 16, 2016.
  92. ^ Kennedy, Gerrick D. (March 7, 2016). "Kanye West says he's done with CDs – but what about 'The Life of Pablo'?". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on March 11, 2016. Retrieved March 11, 2016.
  93. ^ Coscarelli, Joe (March 31, 2016). "400 Million Streams Later, Kanye West's 'Pablo' Gets a Wider Release". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 29, 2016. Retrieved December 14, 2016.
  94. ^ a b Williott, Carl (March 25, 2016). "Kanye West & Rihanna's "Famous" Will Be The First Single Off 'The Life of Pablo'". Idolator. Archived from the original on March 28, 2016. Retrieved March 25, 2016.
  95. ^ "Kanye West – Famous − Chart History". Billboard. Archived from the original on August 21, 2019. Retrieved August 21, 2019.
  96. ^ "Gold & Platinum − Kanye West − Famous". RIAA. Retrieved August 21, 2019.
  97. ^ a b c d "Kanye West | full Official Chart History". Official Charts Company. Archived from the original on November 25, 2018. Retrieved August 21, 2019.
  98. ^ "Award − Kanye West − Famous". BPI. Archived from the original on August 21, 2019. Retrieved August 21, 2019.
  99. ^ NME News Desk (March 30, 2016). "Kanye West's 'I Love Kanye' is now available on Apple Music and Spotify". NME. Archived from the original on September 17, 2019. Retrieved September 17, 2019.
  100. ^ a b Brandle, Lars. "Kanye West's 'The Life of Pablo' Now Available to Buy Or Stream, 'Saint Pablo' Leaks". Billboard. Archived from the original on April 1, 2016. Retrieved April 1, 2016.
  101. ^ "Top 40 Rhythmic Future Releases". All Access. Archived from the original on June 1, 2016. Retrieved April 4, 2018.
  102. ^ "Kanye West – Father Stretch My Hands Pt. 1 − Chart History". Billboard. Archived from the original on August 23, 2019. Retrieved August 23, 2019.
  103. ^ "Gold & Platinum − Kanye West − Father Stretch My Hands Pt. 1". RIAA. Archived from the original on December 23, 2020. Retrieved August 23, 2019.
  104. ^ "Award − Kanye West − Father Stretch My Hands Pt 1". BPI. Archived from the original on November 18, 2018. Retrieved August 23, 2019.
  105. ^ "Kanye West – Pt. 2 − Chart History". Billboard. Archived from the original on August 23, 2019. Retrieved August 23, 2019.
  106. ^ Skeleton, Eric (February 13, 2018). "Kanye West's "Pt. 2" Goes Platinum Two Years After 'The Life of Pablo'". Complex. Archived from the original on November 20, 2018. Retrieved August 23, 2019.
  107. ^ "BBC – Radio 1 – Playlist". BBC. Archived from the original on September 9, 2016. Retrieved August 23, 2019.
  108. ^ "Urban/UAC Future Releases". All Access. Archived from the original on September 17, 2016. Retrieved April 4, 2018.
  109. ^ "Kanye West – Fade − Chart History". Billboard. Archived from the original on August 24, 2019. Retrieved August 23, 2019.
  110. ^ "Award − Kanye West/Post Malone/Ty − Fade". BPI. Archived from the original on August 24, 2019. Retrieved August 23, 2019.
  111. ^ a b c d Kreps, Daniel (April 18, 2016). "Tidal, Kanye West Face Class Action Lawsuit Over 'The Life of Pablo'". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on October 31, 2016. Retrieved October 30, 2016.
  112. ^ Roettgers, Janko (April 18, 2016). "Kanye West Tricked Fans into Subscribing to Tidal, Lawsuit Claims". Variety. Archived from the original on October 31, 2016. Retrieved October 30, 2016.
  113. ^ Alexander, Julia (January 31, 2019). "Kanye West settles lawsuit with fan who thought Life of Pablo would remain a Tidal exclusive". The Verge. Archived from the original on July 13, 2019. Retrieved December 2, 2019.
  114. ^ Mitchell, Chris (August 26, 2016). "Kanye West Soars Above Crowd To Kick Off Saint Pablo Tour". HipHopDX. Archived from the original on October 18, 2016. Retrieved October 14, 2016.
  115. ^ Vincent, James (June 14, 2016). "Kanye West announces Saint Pablo Tour". The Verge. Archived from the original on June 25, 2018. Retrieved September 21, 2019.
  116. ^ Tesema, Martha (October 17, 2016). "Kanye West might have called out Drake for stealing stage design". Mashable. Archived from the original on December 11, 2018. Retrieved September 20, 2019.
  117. ^ Brandle, Lars. "Kanye West Reschedules 'Saint Pablo' Tour Dates Following Kim Kardashian Robbery". Billboard. Archived from the original on October 8, 2016. Retrieved October 14, 2016.
  118. ^ Young, Alex (November 21, 2016). "Kanye West cancels remainder of Saint Pablo Tour". Consequence. Archived from the original on November 21, 2016. Retrieved November 21, 2016.
  119. ^ "Kanye West Hospitalized After Canceling Tour: Sources". NBC News. November 22, 2016. Archived from the original on November 24, 2016. Retrieved November 24, 2016.
  120. ^ D'Zurilla, Christie (November 22, 2016). "Kanye West's doctor called 911 during breakdown, report says; Kim Kardashian skips public return". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on November 23, 2016. Retrieved November 22, 2016.
  121. ^ Khatchatourian, Maane (November 21, 2016). "Kanye West Saint Pablo Tour Cancelled". Variety. Archived from the original on April 12, 2019. Retrieved September 21, 2019.
  122. ^ Camp, Zoe (February 11, 2016). "Kanye West Shares The Life of Pablo Cover Art, Lyrics to New Song "Father Stretch My Hands"". Pitchfork. Archived from the original on December 23, 2020. Retrieved February 11, 2016.
  123. ^ a b "Meet the Artist Behind Kanye's 'The Life of Pablo". Highsnobiety. February 19, 2016. Archived from the original on February 21, 2021. Retrieved September 2, 2019.
  124. ^ Singleton, Micah (February 11, 2016). "Here is the cover art for Kanye West's new album, The Life of Pablo". The Verge. Archived from the original on September 2, 2019. Retrieved September 2, 2019.
  125. ^ Diep, Eric (February 11, 2016). "Here's the Cover Art for Kanye West's 'The Life of Pablo'". Complex. Archived from the original on December 23, 2020. Retrieved September 3, 2019.
  126. ^ a b Allen, Michael (March 21, 2016). "Meet The Miss London Model Who's Top of the Bots For Kanye West – Butt Kim's Not Cross". Yahoo! News. Archived from the original on December 23, 2020. Retrieved September 3, 2019.
  127. ^ Smothers, Hannah (February 14, 2016). "Kim Chose the Butt Model on The Life of Pablo Cover". Cosmopolitan. Archived from the original on December 23, 2020. Retrieved September 3, 2019.
  128. ^ a b Britton, Luke Morgan (February 11, 2016). "'The Life of Pablo': Which Famous Pablo Has Kanye Named His New Album After?". NME. Retrieved September 3, 2019.
  129. ^ a b Diblasi, Loren (February 10, 2016). "Who Is Pablo in Kanye's The Life of Pablo?". MTV. Archived from the original on December 23, 2020. Retrieved September 3, 2019.
  130. ^ Garland, Maurice (April 22, 2016). "Kanye West Finally Says Which "Pablo" Inspired His New Album Title [VIDEO]". Hip-Hop Wired. Archived from the original on April 11, 2019. Retrieved September 18, 2019.
  131. ^ Jones, Jonathan (February 17, 2016). "Is Kanye West hip-hop's greatest cubist?". The Guardian. Archived from the original on February 17, 2016. Retrieved September 24, 2019.
  132. ^ a b "The Life of Pablo by Kanye West reviews". AnyDecentMusic?. Archived from the original on November 1, 2016. Retrieved October 31, 2016.
  133. ^ a b "Reviews for The Life of Pablo by Kanye West". Metacritic. Archived from the original on February 17, 2016. Retrieved February 16, 2016.
  134. ^ a b Petridis, Alexis (February 14, 2016). "Kanye West – The Life of Pablo review: 'You can see why his immodesty rubs people up the wrong way'". The Guardian. London. Archived from the original on June 19, 2018. Retrieved February 14, 2016.
  135. ^ a b Tate, Greg (February 19, 2016). "Review: Kanye West Finally Buys His Way to Heaven on 'The Life of Pablo'". Spin. Archived from the original on February 20, 2016. Retrieved February 19, 2016.
  136. ^ a b Ryan, Patrick (February 19, 2016). "Review: Kanye West reaches peak on soulful 'Pablo'". USA Today. Archived from the original on February 18, 2016. Retrieved February 19, 2016.
  137. ^ a b Christgau, Robert (February 26, 2016). "G.O.O.D. Music Abounds Expert Witness with Robert Christgau". Vice. Archived from the original on July 10, 2016. Retrieved July 1, 2016.
  138. ^ Caramanica, Jon (February 14, 2016). "Review: Kanye West's 'The Life of Pablo,' Songs of Praise and Self". The New York Times. New York. Archived from the original on February 18, 2016. Retrieved February 14, 2016.
  139. ^ "The 25 best albums of 2016". Dummy. Archived from the original on December 15, 2016. Retrieved December 16, 2016.
  140. ^ a b Caramanica, Jon; Pareles, Jon; Chinen, Nate (December 7, 2016). "The Best Albums of 2016". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 30, 2016. Retrieved December 7, 2016.
  141. ^ a b "The best albums of 2016". Time Out London. Archived from the original on December 15, 2016. Retrieved December 15, 2016.
  142. ^ a b c d "Pitchfork Readers' Poll Results 2016". Pitchfork. December 19, 2016. Archived from the original on August 29, 2017. Retrieved August 15, 2019.
  143. ^ Cook-Strauss, Matthew (February 12, 2016). "Kanye West's 'The Life of Pablo' Is His Best Album". Inverse. Archived from the original on July 28, 2019. Retrieved August 17, 2019.
  144. ^ a b "The 300 Greatest Albums of All Time". Paste. June 3, 2024. Archived from the original on June 5, 2024. Retrieved August 1, 2024.
  145. ^ "The A.V. Club's Top 50 Albums of 2016". The A.V. Club. December 12, 2016. Archived from the original on December 12, 2016. Retrieved December 12, 2016.
  146. ^ "Billboard's 50 Best Albums of 2016: Critics' Picks". Billboard. December 12, 2016. Archived from the original on December 14, 2016. Retrieved December 12, 2016.
  147. ^ Saunders, Hilary (November 30, 2016). "The 50 Best Albums of 2016". Paste. Archived from the original on November 8, 2020. Retrieved August 1, 2024.
  148. ^ "The 50 Best Albums of 2016". Pitchfork. December 14, 2016. Archived from the original on December 13, 2016. Retrieved December 13, 2016.
  149. ^ "The 50 Best Albums of 2016". Spin. December 12, 2016. Archived from the original on February 16, 2017. Retrieved December 14, 2016.
  150. ^ "Pazz & Jop, the Village Voice Music Critics Poll: The Top Albums of 2016". The Village Voice. January 25, 2017. Archived from the original on February 14, 2017. Retrieved January 25, 2017.
  151. ^ "Rewind 2016: Releases of the Year 1–50". The Wire. No. 395. London. January 2017. p. 31. Archived from the original on July 11, 2018. Retrieved July 22, 2018 – via Exact Editions.(subscription required)
  152. ^ "2016 BET Hip Hop Award Winners Announced". HipHopDX. October 4, 2016. Archived from the original on March 4, 2017. Retrieved August 14, 2019.
  153. ^ a b Bakare, Lanre; Lee, Benjamin (February 12, 2017). "Grammy awards 2017 – full list of winners". The Guardian. Archived from the original on September 14, 2017. Retrieved August 14, 2019.
  154. ^ Montgomery, Daniel (June 5, 2018). "Will Kanye West ('Ye') Earn Grammy Nominations Despite Controversy?". Gold Derby. Archived from the original on August 14, 2019. Retrieved August 14, 2019.
  155. ^ a b c Rullo, Sam (December 6, 2016). "The 2017 Grammys Snub Kanye West For Album & Song of the Year, Because They Still Don't Understand Pablo". Bustle. Archived from the original on August 14, 2019. Retrieved August 14, 2019.
  156. ^ O'Keeffe, Kevin (December 6, 2016). "Why was Kanye West's 'The Life of Pablo' snubbed for album of the year Grammy?". Mic. Archived from the original on March 28, 2017. Retrieved August 14, 2019.
  157. ^ McDermott, Maeve (December 7, 2016). "Sorry, Kanye. You're one of the 8 biggest Grammy snubs". USA Today. Retrieved August 14, 2019.
  158. ^ Trendell, Andrew (February 17, 2017). "VO5 NME Awards 2017 – see the full winners' list". NME. Archived from the original on February 18, 2017. Retrieved August 14, 2019.
  159. ^ Lasimone, Ashley (November 27, 2016). "2016 Soul Train Awards: See the Full Winners List". Billboard. Archived from the original on July 5, 2017. Retrieved August 14, 2019.
  160. ^ Robinson, Will (March 29, 2016). "Kanye West: The Life of Pablo Tidal streaming numbers revealed". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on September 20, 2016. Retrieved August 17, 2019.
  161. ^ Blumenfeld, Zach (February 16, 2016). "The Life of Pablo Is Setting Illegal Downloading Records :: Music". Paste. Archived from the original on February 17, 2016. Retrieved February 16, 2016.
  162. ^ Morgan, Richard (February 17, 2016). "Kanye's botched album release costs him $10M". New York Post. Archived from the original on July 26, 2019. Retrieved August 17, 2019.
  163. ^ Rys, Dan (March 29, 2016). "Tidal Claims Three Million Global Subscribers, Finally Releases Kanye's 'Pablo' Stream Numbers". Billboard. Archived from the original on March 31, 2016. Retrieved March 31, 2016.
  164. ^ a b Aswad, Jem (May 9, 2018). "Tidal Accused of Falsifying Beyonce and Kanye West Streaming Numbers". Variety. Archived from the original on July 24, 2019. Retrieved August 25, 2019.
  165. ^ "Kanye West's 'Life of Pablo' Headed for a No. 1 Debut on Billboard 200, Despite Wild Rollout". Billboard. Archived from the original on April 11, 2016. Retrieved April 9, 2016.
  166. ^ a b c d Caulfield, Keith (April 10, 2016). "Kanye West's 'The Life of Pablo' Debuts at No. 1 on Billboard 200 Chart". Billboard. Archived from the original on September 4, 2016. Retrieved December 7, 2016.
  167. ^ a b c Caulfield, Keith (April 17, 2016). "The Lumineers Score Their First No. 1 Album on Billboard 200 Chart". Billboard. Archived from the original on August 18, 2019. Retrieved August 18, 2019.
  168. ^ a b "Top Billboard 200 Albums – Year-End 2016". Billboard. Archived from the original on December 11, 2016. Retrieved December 9, 2016.
  169. ^ a b "Billboard Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums – Year-end Chart 2016". Billboard. Archived from the original on December 22, 2016. Retrieved December 17, 2016.
  170. ^ a b c Lamarre, Carl (April 4, 2017). "Kanye West's 'The Life of Pablo' Album Goes Platinum". Billboard. Archived from the original on April 6, 2017. Retrieved April 13, 2017.
  171. ^ "Buzz Angle Music 2016" (PDF). BuzzAngle Music. January 7, 2017. Archived (PDF) from the original on January 13, 2017. Retrieved January 10, 2017.
  172. ^ a b "American album certifications – Kanye West – The Life of Pablo". Recording Industry Association of America. Retrieved October 27, 2022.
  173. ^ a b "Norwegiancharts.com – Kanye West – The Life of Pablo". Hung Medien. Retrieved April 9, 2016.
  174. ^ a b "Swedishcharts.com – Kanye West – The Life of Pablo". Hung Medien. Retrieved April 9, 2016.
  175. ^ a b "Årslista Album, 2016". Sverigetopplistan. December 2016. Archived from the original on December 14, 2019. Retrieved December 13, 2019.
  176. ^ a b "Danishcharts.dk – Kanye West – The Life of Pablo". Hung Medien. Retrieved April 13, 2016.
  177. ^ a b "Album Top-100 2016" (in Danish). Hitlisten.NU. Archived from the original on December 30, 2016. Retrieved December 31, 2016.
  178. ^ a b "Danish album certifications – Kanye West – The Life of Pablo". IFPI Danmark. Retrieved March 30, 2022.
  179. ^ a b "Kanye West: The Life of Pablo" (in Finnish). Musiikkituottajat – IFPI Finland. Retrieved April 17, 2016.
  180. ^ "Coeur De Pirate Has This Week's Best-Selling Album". FYIMusicNews. June 10, 2018. Archived from the original on December 4, 2019. Retrieved February 16, 2020.
  181. ^ a b "Canadian Albums – Year-End 2016". Billboard. Archived from the original on April 15, 2019. Retrieved August 5, 2019.
  182. ^ a b "Jesus Is King On This Week's Albums Chart". FYIMusicNews. November 3, 2019. Archived from the original on November 4, 2019. Retrieved November 24, 2019.
  183. ^ a b "Dutchcharts.nl – Kanye West – The Life of Pablo" (in Dutch). Hung Medien. Retrieved April 15, 2016.
  184. ^ a b "Jaaroverzichten – Album 2016". Hung Medien. Archived from the original on December 23, 2016. Retrieved December 26, 2016.
  185. ^ a b "Irish-charts.com – Discography Kanye West". Hung Medien. Retrieved August 19, 2019.
  186. ^ a b c "Kanye West's The Life of Pablo becomes UK's first gold album from streaming alone". BBC. Archived from the original on April 25, 2018. Retrieved April 30, 2018.
  187. ^ Copsey, Rob (October 3, 2017). "Kanye West achieves UK chart first with The Life of Pablo album". Official Charts Company. Archived from the original on October 4, 2017. Retrieved October 3, 2017.
  188. ^ a b c d Mendizabal, Amaya (April 12, 2016). "12 of Kanye West's 'The Life of Pablo' Tracks Are on Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs Chart". Billboard. Archived from the original on November 10, 2018. Retrieved August 20, 2019.
  189. ^ "Official Singles Chart Top 100 – 8 Apr 2016". Official Charts Company. Archived from the original on March 23, 2019. Retrieved August 21, 2019.
  190. ^ "Credits / The Life of Pablo / Kanye West". Tidal. Archived from the original on December 23, 2020. Retrieved May 18, 2020.
  191. ^ "Kanye West Chart History (Canadian Albums)". Billboard. Retrieved April 12, 2016.
  192. ^ "Official Albums Chart Top 100". Official Charts Company. Retrieved April 14, 2019.
  193. ^ "Kanye West Chart History (Billboard 200)". Billboard. Retrieved April 11, 2016.
  194. ^ "Kanye West Chart History (Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums)". Billboard. Retrieved April 12, 2016.
  195. ^ "2019 44-os savaitės klausomiausi (TOP 100)" (in Lithuanian). AGATA. November 4, 2019. Archived from the original on November 5, 2019. Retrieved November 29, 2019.
  196. ^ McIntyre, Hugh (November 7, 2019). "BTS, Jackson Wang, Kanye West And Future: 5 Noteworthy Moves On This Week's Billboard 200". Forbes. Archived from the original on November 8, 2019. Retrieved November 29, 2019.
  197. ^ "The ARIA Report: Week Commencing 16 August 2021". The ARIA Report. No. 1641. Australian Recording Industry Association. August 16, 2021. p. 6.
  198. ^ "Ultratop.be – Kanye West – The Life of Pablo" (in Dutch). Hung Medien. Retrieved August 15, 2021.
  199. ^ "Tónlistinn – Plötur – 2016" (in Icelandic). Plötutíóindi. Retrieved April 1, 2022.
  200. ^ "Album Top-100 2017". Hitlisten. Archived from the original on January 10, 2018. Retrieved January 11, 2018.
  201. ^ "Tónlistinn – Plötur – 2017" (in Icelandic). Plötutíóindi. Retrieved April 1, 2022.
  202. ^ "Top Billboard 200 Albums – Year-End 2017". Billboard. Archived from the original on December 24, 2017. Retrieved December 12, 2017.
  203. ^ "Billboard Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums – Year-end Chart 2017". Billboard. Archived from the original on December 12, 2018. Retrieved March 4, 2019.
  204. ^ "Album Top-100 2018" (in Danish). Hitlisten. Archived from the original on January 16, 2019. Retrieved January 16, 2019.
  205. ^ "Tónlistinn – Plötur – 2018" (in Icelandic). Plötutíóindi. Retrieved January 3, 2022.
  206. ^ "Billboard 200 Albums – Year-End 2018". Billboard. Archived from the original on December 4, 2018. Retrieved December 5, 2018.
  207. ^ "Decade-End Charts: Billboard 200". Billboard. Archived from the original on December 4, 2019. Retrieved November 15, 2019.
  208. ^ "ARIA Charts – Accreditations – 2021 Albums" (PDF). Australian Recording Industry Association. Retrieved February 7, 2022.
  209. ^ "Canadian album certifications – Kanye West – The Life of Pablo". Music Canada. Retrieved August 18, 2022.
  210. ^ "French album certifications – Kanye West – The Life of Pablo" (in French). Syndicat National de l'Édition Phonographique. Retrieved March 9, 2020.
  211. ^ "Italian album certifications – Kanye West – The Life of Pablo" (in Italian). Federazione Industria Musicale Italiana. Retrieved July 31, 2024.
  212. ^ "OLiS - oficjalna lista wyróżnień" (in Polish). Polish Society of the Phonographic Industry. Retrieved May 10, 2023. Click "TYTUŁ" and enter The Life of Pablo in the search box.
  213. ^ "British album certifications – Kanye West – The Life of Pablo". British Phonographic Industry. Retrieved December 9, 2022.
[edit]
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Life_of_Pablo&oldid=1255291742"