Jump to content

2010 G20 Toronto summit: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous editNext edit →
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
→‎See also: adding back link to 36th G8 summit. Why remove that?
→‎Ottawa firebombing: section doesn't only talk about firebombing.
Line 132: Line 132:
== Protests ==
== Protests ==


=== Ottawa firebombing ===
=== Early opposition ===


A [[Royal Bank of Canada]] (RBC) branch in [[Ottawa]] was [[Firebombing|firebombed]] just before the dawn of May 18.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.cbc.ca/canada/ottawa/story/2010/05/18/ott-glebe-bank-fire.html |title=CBC News - Ottawa - RBC firebombed as protest, group claims |publisher=Cbc.ca |date=2010-05-18 |accessdate=2010-06-04}}</ref> A video of the bank exploding was uploaded by the attackers, who were determined by the media to be leftist-[[anarchism|anarchists]], on [[YouTube]] along with a statement claiming their responsibility for the attack.<ref>{{cite web|last=Kraus |first=Krystalline |url=http://rabble.ca/blogs/bloggers/statica/2010/05/anarchist-group-claims-responsibility-tuesdays-bank-firebombing |title=Anarchist group claims responsibility for Tuesday's bank firebombing |publisher=rabble.ca |date=2010-05-20 |accessdate=2010-06-04}}</ref> The statement cited the group's reason for their attack on RBC was because they were sponsors of the [[2010 Winter Olympics]] and [[2010 Winter Paralympics|Paralympics]] in [[Vancouver]] and [[Whistler, British Columbia]] which, the attackers claim, was held on "stolen [[Indigenous peoples|indigenous]] land."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ctv.ca/servlet/ArticleNews/story/CTVNews/20100519/anarchists-firebomb-bank-100519/20100519?hub= |title=Terrorism charges possible in bank firebombing: police - CTV News |publisher=Ctv.ca |date=2010-05-19 |accessdate=2010-06-04}}</ref> The attackers also confirmed their presence during the [[36th G8 summit|G8]] and G-20 summits.<ref>{{cite web|last=Jackson |first=Kenneth |url=http://www.torontosun.com/news/canada/2010/05/19/14005326.html |title=Anarchy among anarchists after firebomb &#124; Canada &#124; News |publisher=Toronto Sun |date=2010-05-19 |accessdate=2010-06-04}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ottawacitizen.com/news/Anarchists+attempt+distance+themselves+from+Ottawa+bank+firebombing/3058385/story.html |title=Anarchists attempt to distance themselves from Ottawa bank firebombing |publisher=Ottawacitizen.com |date=2010-05-22 |accessdate=2010-06-04}}</ref> This caused the G8/G-20 [[Integrated Security Unit]] to increase their security measures.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thestar.com/news/gta/article/812976--ottawa-firebombing-proves-security-need-clement-says |title=Ottawa firebombing proves security need, Clement says |publisher=thestar.com |date=2010-05-21 |accessdate=2010-06-04}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.nationalpost.com/2010/05/22/wanted-500-extra-police-for-g20-summit/ |title=Wanted: 500 extra police for G20 summit &#124; Posted Toronto &#124; National Post |publisher=News.nationalpost.com |date= |accessdate=2010-06-04}}</ref> Three suspects were arrested a month later and charged with arson, possession of incendiary material, use of explosives, and mischief.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.montrealgazette.com/news/Charges+laid+firebombing+case/3177793/story.html |title=Charges laid in firebombing case |publisher=Montrealgazette.com |date= |accessdate=2010-06-20}}</ref> The attacks were widely criticized by the media, politicians, and other protesting groups who felt that the attacks posed consequences.<ref>{{cite web|author=By QMI Agency |url=http://www.torontosun.com/comment/editorial/2010/05/19/14012571.html |title=Brainless thugs all about mayhem &#124; Editorial &#124; Comment |publisher=Toronto Sun |date= |accessdate=2010-06-04}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|author=Canada |url=http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/british-columbia/furlong-calls-olympic-motivated-firebombing-in-ottawa-undeserved/article1574668/ |title=Latvian ticket scam costs VANOC $2-million |publisher=The Globe and Mail |date= |accessdate=2010-06-04}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.socialistproject.ca/bullet/358.php |title=Socialist Project &#124; The Bullet |publisher=Socialistproject.ca |date= |accessdate=2010-06-04}}</ref>
A [[Royal Bank of Canada]] (RBC) branch in [[Ottawa]] was [[Firebombing|firebombed]] just before the dawn of May 18.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.cbc.ca/canada/ottawa/story/2010/05/18/ott-glebe-bank-fire.html |title=CBC News - Ottawa - RBC firebombed as protest, group claims |publisher=Cbc.ca |date=2010-05-18 |accessdate=2010-06-04}}</ref> A video of the bank exploding was uploaded by the attackers, who were determined by the media to be leftist-[[anarchism|anarchists]], on [[YouTube]] along with a statement claiming their responsibility for the attack.<ref>{{cite web|last=Kraus |first=Krystalline |url=http://rabble.ca/blogs/bloggers/statica/2010/05/anarchist-group-claims-responsibility-tuesdays-bank-firebombing |title=Anarchist group claims responsibility for Tuesday's bank firebombing |publisher=rabble.ca |date=2010-05-20 |accessdate=2010-06-04}}</ref> The statement cited the group's reason for their attack on RBC was because they were sponsors of the [[2010 Winter Olympics]] and [[2010 Winter Paralympics|Paralympics]] in [[Vancouver]] and [[Whistler, British Columbia]] which, the attackers claim, was held on "stolen [[Indigenous peoples|indigenous]] land."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ctv.ca/servlet/ArticleNews/story/CTVNews/20100519/anarchists-firebomb-bank-100519/20100519?hub= |title=Terrorism charges possible in bank firebombing: police - CTV News |publisher=Ctv.ca |date=2010-05-19 |accessdate=2010-06-04}}</ref> The attackers also confirmed their presence during the [[36th G8 summit|G8]] and G-20 summits.<ref>{{cite web|last=Jackson |first=Kenneth |url=http://www.torontosun.com/news/canada/2010/05/19/14005326.html |title=Anarchy among anarchists after firebomb &#124; Canada &#124; News |publisher=Toronto Sun |date=2010-05-19 |accessdate=2010-06-04}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ottawacitizen.com/news/Anarchists+attempt+distance+themselves+from+Ottawa+bank+firebombing/3058385/story.html |title=Anarchists attempt to distance themselves from Ottawa bank firebombing |publisher=Ottawacitizen.com |date=2010-05-22 |accessdate=2010-06-04}}</ref> This caused the G8/G-20 [[Integrated Security Unit]] to increase their security measures.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thestar.com/news/gta/article/812976--ottawa-firebombing-proves-security-need-clement-says |title=Ottawa firebombing proves security need, Clement says |publisher=thestar.com |date=2010-05-21 |accessdate=2010-06-04}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.nationalpost.com/2010/05/22/wanted-500-extra-police-for-g20-summit/ |title=Wanted: 500 extra police for G20 summit &#124; Posted Toronto &#124; National Post |publisher=News.nationalpost.com |date= |accessdate=2010-06-04}}</ref> Three suspects were arrested a month later and charged with arson, possession of incendiary material, use of explosives, and mischief.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.montrealgazette.com/news/Charges+laid+firebombing+case/3177793/story.html |title=Charges laid in firebombing case |publisher=Montrealgazette.com |date= |accessdate=2010-06-20}}</ref> The attacks were widely criticized by the media, politicians, and other protesting groups who felt that the attacks posed consequences.<ref>{{cite web|author=By QMI Agency |url=http://www.torontosun.com/comment/editorial/2010/05/19/14012571.html |title=Brainless thugs all about mayhem &#124; Editorial &#124; Comment |publisher=Toronto Sun |date= |accessdate=2010-06-04}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|author=Canada |url=http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/british-columbia/furlong-calls-olympic-motivated-firebombing-in-ottawa-undeserved/article1574668/ |title=Latvian ticket scam costs VANOC $2-million |publisher=The Globe and Mail |date= |accessdate=2010-06-04}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.socialistproject.ca/bullet/358.php |title=Socialist Project &#124; The Bullet |publisher=Socialistproject.ca |date= |accessdate=2010-06-04}}</ref>

Revision as of 15:29, 26 June 2010

G-20 Summit on Financial Markets and the World Economy
Information
DateJune 26–27, 2010
LocationToronto, Ontario, Canada
ParticipantsG-20 + Ethiopia, Malawi, Netherlands, Nigeria, Spain, Vietnam, the FSF, the ILO, the IMF, the OECD, the UN, the WBG, and the WTO
FollowsPittsburgh Summit, 2009
PrecedesSeoul Summit, 2010

The 2010 G-20 Toronto Summit is the fourth meeting of the G-20 heads of government in discussion of financial markets and the world economy, which will take place at the Metro Toronto Convention Centre in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Set to take place during June 26–27, 2010, the summit was initially proposed to be held in the town of Huntsville, Ontario, where the concurrent 36th G8 summit will take place, by Canadian Prime Minister Stephen Harper. The town was later deemed insufficient to provide hospitality for the large number of G-20 delegates and journalists, thus the G-20 summit was later finalized to take place in Toronto.[1]

In his welcome speech at the G-20 sherpas' meeting, Harper announced the theme of the Toronto summit would be Recovery and New Beginnings,[2] referring to an economic stimulus from the impact of the ongoing world recession. The summit's agenda calls for evaluating the progress of financial reform, developing sustainable stimulus measures,[2] debating global bank tax,[3] and promoting open markets.[4]

Since April 2010, an Integrated Security Unit, consisting of police officers from different regional departments,[5] has been working on security in the Downtown core, where the summit will take place. Police officials have chosen locations to detain protestors and map traffic detours which would be in place during the two day summit. Several local events which were set to take place during the time of the summit, especially the Blue Jays' three-game series against the Phillies, have been affected due to their proximity to the summit location.[6] Total cost, including security, infrastructure, and hospitality for both summits was determined to be approximately C$1.1 billion.[7] The summit is part of the largest and most expensive security operation in Canadian history.[8]

Preparations

Security

Security fencing erected along the middle of Wellington Street
Access to the Fairmont Royal York hotel blocked by security fencing

Security officials began preparing for summit security as early as April 2010. Policing and patrolling will be provided by the Toronto Police Service, the Ontario Provincial Police, the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, and Canadian Forces. The Peel Regional Police will aid in policing at Toronto Pearson International Airport in Mississauga during the arrivals of world leaders. The five departments formed an Integrated Security Unit (ISU), similar to the ISU created during the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver. Calgary Police Service supplied 150 police volunteer officers a week before the summit.[9]

According to the Globe and Mail, 10,000 uniformed police officers, 1,000 security guards, and several Canadian military forces will be deployed during the summit.[10] The North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD) conducted Amalgam Virgo exercises on May 6-7 across the Greater Toronto Area using CF-18 Hornet jets, CH-124 Sea Kings and CH-146 Griffon helicopters at low altitudes.[11] The total cost for security at both the G8 and the G-20 summits was determined to be $930 million.[12] The entire cost will be handled by the federal government, excluding local business damages.[13]

The security perimeter begins with the outer boundary, specifically bordered by King Street to the north, Lake Shore Boulevard to the south, Yonge Street to the east, and Spadina Avenue to the west, which will be restricted to security officials and G-20 delegates only.[10] Residents who live within the security zone were issued registration cards prior to the summit. Other pedestrians who wish to enter the security zone can only do so at one of 38 checkpoints and are required to present two pieces of photo identification and provide reasoning for entry.[14] The surrounding area of the Metro Toronto Convention Centre, itself, will be fenced and off-limits to civilians and protestors.[15] Erecting the $5.5 million 3 metre-high unscalable fence began June 7.[16] The fence was contracted out to SNC-Lavalin by Public Works and Government Services Canada and installed by two Gormley, Ontario-based companies.[17] Toronto Police installed 77 additional closed-circuit television security cameras in the area and purchased four Long Range Acoustic Devices which would be in use exclusively during the summit.[18] The ISU decided on also using water cannons for riot control.[19]

A film studio located on Eastern Avenue was designated as a temporary holding centre for any individuals that may be arrested during the time of the summit.[20] Toronto Police announced that Trinity Bellwoods Park would be the site for protesters, but following major opposition from local communities, police relocated the protesting site to north of Queen's Park.[21] Canada Post announced that it will be removing any post boxes in the security zone.[22] Toronto Parking Authority removed some parking meters in the security zone. Small trees along sidewalks around the convention centre were removed to prevent them from being used as weapons by protesters.[23][24] Other removed municipal property include 29 bus shelters, 745 newspaper boxes, 70 mailboxes, 5 public information boards, 200 public trash cans, benches, and public washrooms.[25]

Media accommodation

A media centre for international media personnel, journalists, and press reporters was set up at the Direct Energy Centre at the Exhibition Place during the summit.[26] A 20,000 square-foot pavilion called Experience Canada was set up in the media centre to promote international marketing of Canadian tourism.[27] The pavilion includes a life-size government-funded display titled The Canadian Corridor, an artificial lakefront based on the Muskoka region's cottage country.[28] The display included donated canoes, a shoreline with deck chairs for journalists to cool-off, and a mobile phone recharging station.[29] The background is a large screen that portrays various images of the Muskoka region.[29] The costs of the international media centre, the Experience Canada pavilion, and artificial lake, which were $23 million, $1.9 million, and $57,000 respectively, was the target of political debate and controversy.[30]

Business, events and tourism

File:450 g20 map.jpg
A map outlining security zones and traffic procedures during the summit dates

Major banks headquartered in Downtown Toronto, which happen to be the largest banks in Canada's banking industry, made plans to have employees work outside of their downtown headquarters and work in alternative working places, such as at home or in other branches.[31] The Liquor Control Board of Ontario announced closure of seven of its liquor stores in Downtown during the summit dates as a precaution to looting.[32] The PATH,[14] CN Tower,[33] University of Toronto,[34] Art Gallery of Ontario,[35] and the Ontario Legislative Building[36] will be closed down during the summit dates.

The three-game Major League Baseball series between the Toronto Blue Jays and the Philadelphia Phillies, which were set to take place from June 25-27 at the Rogers Centre, was later relocated to be held at the Citizens Bank Park in Philadelphia instead, after much discussion and amidst discontent from fans.[6][37][38] [39][6][40][41] Mirvish Productions cancelled production of their two musicals Rock of Ages and Mamma Mia! during the week of the summit.[42] Similarly, Factory Theatre also cancelled shows during the summit week.[43]

Highway 427 and the Gardiner Expressway, the route from Toronto Pearson International Airport in Mississauga to the Metro Toronto Convention Centre in Downtown, will periodically close down for motorcades along with jammed wireless reception along the two highways.[44] Exits to Yonge Street and Bay Street on the Gardiner Expressway will be closed during the summit dates.[14] Toronto Transit Commission subway stations located in the security zone will remain open and subway service will remain operational.[10] The 509 Harbourfront and 510 Spadina streetcar routes, however, will bypass Queen's Quay station.[14] Via Rail announced it will not operate at Union Station during the summit dates,[45] instead providing shuttle bus service from the Yorkdale and Scarborough Centre bus terminals to the Brampton and Oshawa stations respectively.[14] Nav Canada announced that it would place restrictions on the airspace in Toronto, limited to commercial flights only, all others will be restricted within a 30 kilometre radius. Porter Airlines were given permission to continue flights in and out of Billy Bishop Toronto City Airport.[46] The Toronto District School Board and Toronto Catholic District School Board cancelled school bus services to six Downtown schools during June 25,[47] affecting 45,000 students, of which 10,000 are disabled.[48]

On June 17, the United States Department of State issued Toronto a travel alert, cautioning tourists of the resultant traffic distruptions and potentially violent protests during the G-20 summit. The alert, which is expected to expire on the last day of the summit, stated that "Even demonstrations that are meant to be peaceful can become violent and unpredictable."[49] The alert was criticized by mayor David Miller as an "over-reaction."[50]

Attendance

Participants of the Toronto summit were announced by Stephen Harper on May 8, 2010. Harper extended invitations to the leaders of Ethiopia and Malawi to further represent the continent of Africa, along with South Africa, already a G-20 member.[51] Netherlands, Spain, Vietnam, and later Nigeria were also invited.[52] The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development and the International Labour Organization, as well as Ethiopia, Malawi, Nigeria, and Vietnam will make their first G-20 summit attendances in Toronto.[53][54] The recently elected heads of state, British Prime Minister David Cameron and Japanese Prime Minister Naoto Kan, will attend their first diplomatic conferences with the G8/G-20 summits. Australia's Deputy Prime Minister Wayne Swan will represent the nation instead of Kevin Rudd, former Prime Minister, whose premiership abruptly ended on June 24.[55]

Toronto Pearson International Airport is the port of entry for delegates attending both the G8 and G-20 summits. French President Nicolas Sarkozy and Chinese President Hu Jintao were the first of the G-20 leaders to arrive in Canada; the arrival of the latter coincided with a state visit to Harper and Governer General Michaëlle Jean in Ottawa.[56] Presidents Jacob Zuma of South Africa and Goodluck Jonathan of Nigeria made their arrivals on June 24.[57] David Cameron arrived on June 25, following a short visit in Halifax to celebrate the centennial of the Canadian Forces Maritime Command. Remaining leaders with the G8 also arrived on the same day.[55] Brazilian President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva cancelled his trip to stay back and monitor the situation on the recent flooding in northeastern Brazil; in place of him, Guido Mantega, Brazil's Finance Minister will head the nation's delegation.[58]

Core participants

The following participants of the Toronto summit represent the core members of the G-20, which include 19 countries and the European Union which is represented by its two governing bodies, the European Council and the European Commission.[59]

Invited leaders

International organizations

Agenda

The leaders were divided over how to tackle the global economic crisis. European delegates wanted to focus on austerity measures to cut their deficits, while the US sought to maintain economic stimulus spending to encourage growth.[82]

India was said to pitch for "durable, balanced and sustainable" global growth.[83]

Controversies

Some public representatives previously wanted the G-20 summit to be held at an isolated venue, such as the Exhibition Place, rather than the Metro Toronto Convention Centre which is located at the city's central business district.[84]

A group of lawyers requested court injunctions against Toronto Police Service from using newly purchased Long Range Acoustic Devices (LRAD), also known as sound cannons, during protests.[85] Sound cannons have been used in previous summit protests and have the ability to produce sound at ear-piercing decibels, potentially causing hearing impairment. The Ontario Superior Court of Justice later finalized that officers can use sound cannons, with a few restrictions.[86]

It was reported by the Toronto Star that the Executive Council of Ontario surreptitiously passed a regulation under the provincial government's Public Works Protection Act on June 2 that allows the ISU to perform sweeping powers of arrest during the summit.[87] The new rule allowed any police or guard to arrest any individual failing to provide identification within 5 metres of the security zone. Expected to expire on June 28, the regulation was requested by Toronto Police Services cheif Bill Blair and was not debated in legislature. The law was not publicized by the province and will only be announced a week after the summit ends. The new law came to light after a York University post-graduate student, who claims to have been simply "exploring" the security zone but did not provide identification when confronted by police, was arrested on June 24 under the regulation.[88] He later vowed to file a lawsuit against the law once the summit ended.[89]

Financial costs

The financial costs of hosting the G8 and G-20 summits was the topic of several political debates and target of criticism by local groups.[90]

Reasons for the large price for both summits were questioned by a few politicians and local groups. Members of parliament Olivia Chow and Mark Holland labelled the $1.1 billion dollar budget for hosting the summits as "obscene"[91] and "insane."[92] Others lobbied that the money could have been used for long pending municipal projects in Canada, such as Toronto's Transit City.[93] The security cost for the two summits, which was determined to be $930 million is more expensive than the combined costs the 2010 Winter Olympics and Paralympics in Vancouver and Whistler, British Columbia, for which the security costs were $878 million.[92] The summits also stand out as the most expensive summits ever held, as the security for the London and Pittsburgh G-20 summits in 2009 were only $30 million and $18 million, respectively.[91] Ward Elcock, former Canadian Security Intelligence Service director and the chief of the Integrated Security Units for the Winter Olympics and the G8/G-20 summits, claimed the security costs are in fact "comparable" with those of previous summits.[91] Finance minister Jim Flaherty defended the security cost, claiming "it's necessary to spend substantially to have security. It's Canada's turn, and it's necessary that we either don't take our turn or pay the appropriate price to have the security that is necessary so that everyone is safe here in Toronto."[94]

Creation of the $23 million G8/G-20 international media centre, which included the $1.9 million Experience Canada pavilion and $57,000 Canadian Corridor artificial lake at the Exhibition Place, was widely opposed and criticized by politicians as "a waste of taxpayers' money."[95] Criticism mostly targeted Stephen Harper and Canada's Conservative government. Some protesting groups gave names to the artificial lake, such as "Harper's Folly."[96] In an argument at the House of Commons, Mark Holland said "Instead of hosting world leaders, maybe the government should consider party planning for Lady Gaga."[97] According to some critics, the spendings mislead the objective of the summits into showing-off Canada's attributes instead of promoting the summits' agendas.[98] New Democratic Party leader Jack Layton condemned the Harper government, saying, "we’ve got a government here that has to create an artificial lake when Canada has more lakes than just about any other country in the world. It is the taxpayers who are going to end up at the bottom of the fake lake." Transport minister John Baird defended the artificial lake saying that the summits gave a "chance to showcase the very best that [Canada] has to offer." Foreign Affairs Minister Lawrence Cannon said it was "normal practice" for a country to showcase its attributes while hosting world events.[98] Harper also defended by saying "This is a classic attempt for us to be able to market the country."[99] Upon its opening, the artifical lake received mixed reviews from Canadian reporters.[100]

Protests

Early opposition

A Royal Bank of Canada (RBC) branch in Ottawa was firebombed just before the dawn of May 18.[101] A video of the bank exploding was uploaded by the attackers, who were determined by the media to be leftist-anarchists, on YouTube along with a statement claiming their responsibility for the attack.[102] The statement cited the group's reason for their attack on RBC was because they were sponsors of the 2010 Winter Olympics and Paralympics in Vancouver and Whistler, British Columbia which, the attackers claim, was held on "stolen indigenous land."[103] The attackers also confirmed their presence during the G8 and G-20 summits.[104][105] This caused the G8/G-20 Integrated Security Unit to increase their security measures.[106][107] Three suspects were arrested a month later and charged with arson, possession of incendiary material, use of explosives, and mischief.[108] The attacks were widely criticized by the media, politicians, and other protesting groups who felt that the attacks posed consequences.[109][110][111]

An individual was arrested for vandalism on May 28, after being caught spray painting anti-G-20 slogans on windows and automated teller machines in Downtown Toronto.[112] Two individuals were arrested in London, Ontario after publishing posters encouraging disruption of the G-20 summit and canvassing protests.[113]

Week before the summit

An early demonstration on Yonge Street on June 24 demanding respect of First Nations treaty rights

A small rally was conducted on June 17 in the Financial District by Oxfam Canada, urging Canada to end fossil fuel subsidization and take action on world poverty. The rally also spoofed the summit's high security cost.[114]

An anti-poverty protest occured on June 21, causing a traffic congestions.[32] The protesters, of about 100, marched from Allan Gardens on Sherbourne Street and continuing on Yonge Street, Dundas Street, and Isabella Street. Police officers on bicycles and military helicopters patrolled the protest; one arrest was made.[32] A few protesters also attempted to take over an Esso gas station claiming corporations like Esso "have caused irreparable damage all over the world."[115] Other protester concerns were the Arab-Israeli conflict, capitalism, and the G8 and G-20 summits.[32] The protest was lead by a Guelph-based group called Sense of Security, an anti-poverty group that was also supported by the Ontario Coalition Against Poverty.[115]

The following day, about 200 people from Toronto's gay community marched through Downtown attempting to raise awareness on homosexual rights.[116] Protesters chanted, "We're queer, we're fabulous, we're against the G-20."[117] The Canadian Broadcasting Corporation labelled the protests as "peaceful" overall.[118]

The first sizeable G-20 protest, of about 1000 people, took place on June 24 with First Nations groups and supporters from across Canada demanding respect for treaty rights from the government.[119] Demonstrations moved from Queen's Park to the Toronto Eaton Centre along University Avenue and Queen Street. Concerns of protesters were Canada's failure to sign the United Nations' Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples and the fact that no aboriginal chiefs were invited to the summits.[120]

A larger anti-poverty protest took place on June 25, the day the 36th G8 summit began in Huntsville, Ontario. Protesters attempted to enter the security zone, but were later forced to go back by police officers. By evening, the protesters set up tents at Allen Gardens and stayed overnight to resume protests the following day, the G-20 summit debut.[121] Along with other controversial issues of the G-20 summit, protesters also opposed the newly discovered secretly-passed law that allowed the Integrated Security Unit to arrest anyone setting foot within 5 metres of the fenced security zone.[122]

See also

References

  1. ^ 6:26 EDT (2010-05-28). "Canada says spending nearly $1 billion on security for G8 and G-20 summits is worth it". Washington Examiner. Retrieved 2010-06-04.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  2. ^ a b "G-20 Toronto Summit | Le Sommet du G-20 à Toronto » Summit Themes". G20.gc.ca. 2010-01-21. Retrieved 2010-06-04.
  3. ^ Canada. "Background: Summit Issues". The Globe and Mail. Retrieved 2010-06-20.
  4. ^ "Prime Minister of Canada: Statement by the Prime Minister of Canada". Pm.gc.ca. Retrieved 2010-05-20.
  5. ^ Toronto Police Service. "Toronto Police Service :: To Serve and Protect". Torontopolice.on.ca. Retrieved 2010-05-20.
  6. ^ a b c "G20 summit scuppers Halladay's first trip to Toronto as a Philly". thestar.com. 2010-05-11. Retrieved 2010-05-20.
  7. ^ "CBC News - Politics - Summit costs hit $1.1B". Cbc.ca. 2010-05-26. Retrieved 2010-06-20.
  8. ^ "G8/G20: Gearing up for the biggest security event in Canadian history - Posted Toronto". Network.nationalpost.com. Retrieved 2010-06-20.
  9. ^ Calgary Herald June 14, 2010 (2010-06-14). "Calgary police head to Toronto for massive G20 security effort". Calgaryherald.com. Retrieved 2010-06-22.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  10. ^ a b c "Canada, Labour and Employment, Toronto G8 and G20 Summits â€" Employer Planning Issues - Bennett Jones LLP - 06/05/2010, Health & Safety". Mondaq.com. 2010-05-06. Retrieved 2010-05-20.
  11. ^ Canada (2010-05-06). "It's a bird, it's a plane, it's a terrifying display of military might". The Globe and Mail. Retrieved 2010-05-20.
  12. ^ Susan Delacourt Ottawa Bureau (2010-05-28). "G20 security tab: What else could $1B buy?". thestar.com. Retrieved 2010-06-20.
  13. ^ "CTV Toronto - Security chief defends high cost of G8-G20 summits - CTV News". Toronto.ctv.ca. Retrieved 2010-06-04.
  14. ^ a b c d e "G20 survival guide". thestar.com. Retrieved 2010-06-20.
  15. ^ "Details of G20 fence announced". TheStar.com. 2010-05-28. Retrieved 2010-05-28.
  16. ^ "G20: Toronto's controversial security fence cost $5.5-million | Posted Toronto | National Post". News.nationalpost.com. 2010-06-10. Retrieved 2010-06-20.
  17. ^ http://www.thestar.com/news/gta/torontog20summit/article/825908--fortress-toronto-secrets-of-the-fence
  18. ^ "Police sound off on G20 security tools". Globalnational.com. 2010-06-03. Retrieved 2010-06-20.
  19. ^ "Police add water cannon to G20 arsenal". thestar.com. Retrieved 2010-06-24.
  20. ^ "CTV Toronto - Protesters prepare for G20 demonstrations - CTV News". Toronto.ctv.ca. Retrieved 2010-05-20.
  21. ^ "Police chief reconfirms that Queen's Park will be designated protest area during G20 - CTV News, Shows and Sports - Canadian Television". CP24. 2010-05-11. Retrieved 2010-05-20.
  22. ^ Canada (2010-05-04). "Keep those cards and letters coming..." The Globe and Mail. Retrieved 2010-05-20.
  23. ^ "Trees could be removed around Metro Toronto Convention Centre for summit". 680News. 2010-06-16. Retrieved 2010-06-20.
  24. ^ "G20: Is security going too far? - Point of View". Cbc.ca. Retrieved 2010-06-20.
  25. ^ http://nationalpostnews.files.wordpress.com/2010/06/g20-fortress-new.jpg
  26. ^ "G-20 Toronto Summit | Le Sommet du G-20 à Toronto » Media Centre". G20.gc.ca. 2010-04-28. Retrieved 2010-06-04.
  27. ^ "CTV Ottawa- G8/G20 organizer says marketing Canada worth cost - CTV News". Ottawa.ctv.ca. Retrieved 2010-06-20.
  28. ^ Canada. "Ottawa steered clear of corporate sponsorships for G8-G20". The Globe and Mail. Retrieved 2010-06-20.
  29. ^ a b Heather Scoffield The Canadian Press (2010-06-07). "Fake lake part of $1.9M G20/G8 Toronto media centre". thestar.com. Retrieved 2010-06-20.
  30. ^ "CBC News - Canada - PM defends G8 fake lake pavilion". Cbc.ca. 2010-06-08. Retrieved 2010-06-20.
  31. ^ Canada. "Banks make plans for employees to work off-site during G20". The Globe and Mail. Retrieved 2010-05-20.
  32. ^ a b c d "CTV Toronto - Police ride herd as G20 protesters march the streets - CTV News". Toronto.ctv.ca. 2010-04-29. Retrieved 2010-06-22.
  33. ^ "CTV Toronto - Amid G20 security concerns, CN Tower to be shut - CTV News". Toronto.ctv.ca. 2010-05-16. Retrieved 2010-05-20.
  34. ^ "CTV Toronto - U of T to shut down during G20 Summit - CTV News". Toronto.ctv.ca. 2010-05-24. Retrieved 2010-06-04.
  35. ^ Canada. "Art Gallery of Ontario to shutter during G20 summit". The Globe and Mail. Retrieved 2010-06-20.
  36. ^ Rob Ferguson Queen’s Park Bureau. "Legislature closing for G20 summit". thestar.com. Retrieved 2010-06-04.
  37. ^ The Associated Press. "Halladay's Return To Toronto Is Rerouted to Philadelphia". The New York Times. Retrieved 2010-05-20. {{cite news}}: Text "2010-05-11" ignored (help)
  38. ^ Canada. "Jays-Phillies series moving to Philadelphia". The Globe and Mail. Retrieved 2010-05-20.
  39. ^ Bastian, Jordan (May 11, 2010). "Jays' set vs. Phillies moved to Philadelphia". Major League Baseball. Retrieved May 12, 2010.
  40. ^ The Associated Press. "Halladay's Return To Toronto Is Rerouted to Philadelphia". The New York Times. Retrieved 2010-05-20. {{cite news}}: Text "2010-05-11" ignored (help)
  41. ^ Canada. "Jays-Phillies series moving to Philadelphia". The Globe and Mail. Retrieved 2010-05-20.
  42. ^ "Mamma Mia! G20 derails trains, Jays and plays". Vancouversun.com. 2010-06-05. Retrieved 2010-06-20.
  43. ^ "CANOE - JAM! Theatre: G20 summit dims Toronto musicals". Jam.canoe.ca. 2010-06-04. Retrieved 2010-06-20.
  44. ^ The Canadian Press (2010-06-09). "G8-G20 wireless signal blockers unlikely to leave cell phone users in a jam". 680News. Retrieved 2010-06-20.
  45. ^ "CTV Toronto - Via Rail to close at Union Station during G20 - CTV News". Toronto.ctv.ca. 2009-07-26. Retrieved 2010-06-04.
  46. ^ Canada (2010-05-05). "Business as usual for Porter?". The Globe and Mail. Retrieved 2010-05-20.
  47. ^ The Canadian Press. "CBC News - Toronto - G20 forces Toronto school bus cancellations". Cbc.ca. Retrieved 2010-06-20.
  48. ^ Canada. "G20 notebook: Police rehearsing crowd control". The Globe and Mail. Retrieved 2010-06-20.
  49. ^ "U.S. issues G20 travel alert for Toronto". thestar.com. Retrieved 2010-06-20.
  50. ^ "U.S. travel warning an over-reaction: Toronto mayor". Vancouversun.com. 2010-06-16. Retrieved 2010-06-20.
  51. ^ "Canadian Prime Minister invites Malawi, Ethiopia for G20 summit in Toronto". Newsudanvision.com. 2010-05-10. Retrieved 2010-06-04.
  52. ^ "Canada invites Nigeria to G20 summit," Punch (Lagos). June 2, 2010.
  53. ^ "Prime Minister of Canada: PM announces participation of key leaders at the Toronto G-20 Summit this June". Pm.gc.ca. Retrieved 2010-05-20.
  54. ^ "Ethiopia’s Zenawi, Four Other Leaders Invited To Join G20 Toronto Summit | AHN". Allheadlinenews.com. 2010-05-10. Retrieved 2010-05-20. {{cite web}}: C1 control character in |title= at position 9 (help)
  55. ^ a b "CTV Toronto - Leaders arrive in Canada ahead of G8/G20 summits - CTV News". Toronto.ctv.ca. 2010-04-29. Retrieved 2010-06-24.
  56. ^ The Canadian Press. "Hu visit sign of 'enduring friendship,' Jean says". thestar.com. Retrieved 2010-06-24.
  57. ^ The Canadian Press. "Leaders begin arriving for G8, G20". thestar.com. Retrieved 2010-06-24.
  58. ^ http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2010-06-25/lula-will-skip-g-20-summit-to-oversee-brazil-flood-relief-official-says.html
  59. ^ Rieffel, Lex. "Regional Voices in Global Governance: Looking to 2010 (Part IV)," Brookings. March 27, 2009; "core" G8 members
  60. ^ G20 Leaders, Kirchner; Argentina, Kirchner
  61. ^ Australia, Prime Minister's biography
  62. ^ Brazil, President's biography
  63. ^ G20 Leaders, Harper; Canada, Harper
  64. ^ G20 Leaders, Hu; China, Hu
  65. ^ G20 Leaders, Barroso; European Union, Barroso
  66. ^ G20 Leaders, Van Rompuy; European Union, Van Rompuy
  67. ^ G20 Leaders, Sarkozy; France, Sarkozy
  68. ^ G20 Leaders, Merkel; Germany, Merkel
  69. ^ G20 Leaders, Singh; India, Singh
  70. ^ G20 Leaders, Yudhoyono; Indonesia, Yudhoyono
  71. ^ G20 Leaders, Berlusconi; Italy, Berlusconi
  72. ^ G20 Leaders, Kan; Japan, Kan
  73. ^ G20 Leaders, Calderón; Mexico, Calderón
  74. ^ South Korea, President's biography
  75. ^ Russia, President's biography
  76. ^ Soudi Arabia, King's biography
  77. ^ South Africa, President's biography
  78. ^ Turkey, Prime Minister's biography
  79. ^ United Kingdom, Prime Minister's biography
  80. ^ United States, President's biography
  81. ^ "Canada invites Nigeria to G20 summit," Punch (Lagos). June 2, 2010.
  82. ^ http://english.aljazeera.net/news/americas/2010/06/20106255843987843.html >> G20 split over global recovery
  83. ^ http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/PM-to-pitch-for-durable-balanced-growth-at-G20/articleshow/6089729.cms
  84. ^ "G8, G20 security costs will surpass Olympics, officials say". Ottawacitizen.com. 2010-02-23. Retrieved 2010-06-20.
  85. ^ http://www.cbc.ca/canada/toronto/story/2010/06/25/g20-sound-cannon.html
  86. ^ http://toronto.ctv.ca/servlet/an/local/CTVNews/20100625/sound_cannon_ruling_100625/20100625/? hub=TorontoNewHome
  87. ^ "G20 law gives police sweeping powers to arrest people". thestar.com. 2010-02-24. Retrieved 2010-06-24.
  88. ^ http://www.thestar.com/news/gta/torontog20summit/article/828372
  89. ^ http://www.thestar.com/news/gta/torontog20summit/article/828896--first-secret-law-arrestee-plans-charter-challenge?bn=1
  90. ^ David Rider Urban Affairs Bureau Chief (2010-02-22). "Toronto warns Ottawa on G20 costs". thestar.com. Retrieved 2010-06-20.
  91. ^ a b c "Security chief defends high cost of G8-G20 summits - CTV News". Ctv.ca. Retrieved 2010-06-20.
  92. ^ a b Sufrin, Jon (2010-05-26). "$833-million security bill for G20 and G8 called "insane" | Summit Survivor". torontolife.com. Retrieved 2010-06-20.
  93. ^ Pate, Stephen (2010-05-27). "$1 billion price tag for G20 security and climbing". Oye! Times. Retrieved 2010-06-20.
  94. ^ "CTV Winnipeg- Financial reform taking too long: Flaherty - CTV News". Winnipeg.ctv.ca. Retrieved 2010-06-20.
  95. ^ "G20 summit's $2 million "fake lake" has Canadian taxpayers in stitches! « LOON". Looncanada.wordpress.com. 2010-06-08. Retrieved 2010-06-20.
  96. ^ "Tories say artificial lake will help 'showcase Canada' - CTV News". Ctv.ca. 2010-06-07. Retrieved 2010-06-20.
  97. ^ By BRYN WEESE, Parliamentary Bureau. "'Fake lake' flak dogs PM | Canada | News". Toronto Sun. Retrieved 2010-06-20.
  98. ^ a b Canada. "Tories pilloried for fake lake at G8/G20 media centre". The Globe and Mail. Retrieved 2010-06-20.
  99. ^ "Tories splash back on cost of G20 'lake'". Nationalpost.com. Retrieved 2010-06-20.
  100. ^ David Rider City Hall Bureau. "G20 'Fake Lake' makes its debut". thestar.com. Retrieved 2010-06-24.
  101. ^ "CBC News - Ottawa - RBC firebombed as protest, group claims". Cbc.ca. 2010-05-18. Retrieved 2010-06-04.
  102. ^ Kraus, Krystalline (2010-05-20). "Anarchist group claims responsibility for Tuesday's bank firebombing". rabble.ca. Retrieved 2010-06-04.
  103. ^ "Terrorism charges possible in bank firebombing: police - CTV News". Ctv.ca. 2010-05-19. Retrieved 2010-06-04.
  104. ^ Jackson, Kenneth (2010-05-19). "Anarchy among anarchists after firebomb | Canada | News". Toronto Sun. Retrieved 2010-06-04.
  105. ^ "Anarchists attempt to distance themselves from Ottawa bank firebombing". Ottawacitizen.com. 2010-05-22. Retrieved 2010-06-04.
  106. ^ "Ottawa firebombing proves security need, Clement says". thestar.com. 2010-05-21. Retrieved 2010-06-04.
  107. ^ "Wanted: 500 extra police for G20 summit | Posted Toronto | National Post". News.nationalpost.com. Retrieved 2010-06-04.
  108. ^ "Charges laid in firebombing case". Montrealgazette.com. Retrieved 2010-06-20.
  109. ^ By QMI Agency. "Brainless thugs all about mayhem | Editorial | Comment". Toronto Sun. Retrieved 2010-06-04.
  110. ^ Canada. "Latvian ticket scam costs VANOC $2-million". The Globe and Mail. Retrieved 2010-06-04.
  111. ^ "Socialist Project | The Bullet". Socialistproject.ca. Retrieved 2010-06-04.
  112. ^ By QMI Agency (2010-05-28). "Anti-G20 slogans spray-painted on T.O. banks | Canada | News". Toronto Sun. Retrieved 2010-06-04.
  113. ^ "G20 activists jailed for poster - Canada - Canoe.ca". Cnews.canoe.ca. 2008-07-22. Retrieved 2010-06-20.
  114. ^ "Toronto G20 protest hints at more to come | Top News | Reuters". Ca.reuters.com. 2009-02-09. Retrieved 2010-06-20.
  115. ^ a b "G20 protesters try to take over downtown property". thestar.com. Retrieved 2010-06-22.
  116. ^ "G20 turning downtown Toronto into a ghost town". thestar.com. Retrieved 2010-06-24.
  117. ^ "Gay rights protest hits Toronto ahead of G20". Reuters. Retrieved 2010-06-24.
  118. ^ "CBC News - Toronto - Protests continue in Toronto as G20 nears". Cbc.ca. Retrieved 2010-06-24.
  119. ^ "First nations demonstrators take over downtown streets". thestar.com. Retrieved 2010-06-24.
  120. ^ "Canada flunks on indigenous rights, protesters say". thestar.com. Retrieved 2010-06-24.
  121. ^ http://www.cbc.ca/canada/toronto/story/2010/06/25/g20-protest-friday.html
  122. ^ http://toronto.ctv.ca/servlet/an/local/CTVNews/20100625/g20-summit-protest-poverty-100625/20100625/?hub=TorontoNewHome
Wikimedia Commons has media related to 2010 G-20 Toronto summit.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2010_G20_Toronto_summit&oldid=370262796"