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The '''University of International Relations''' ('''UIR'''; {{zh|s=国际关系学院|p=Guójì Guānxì Xuéyuàn}}) is a [[National university|national]] [[public university]] in [[Beijing]], [[China]]. It is known colloquially as "Guoguan" {{nowrap|({{Zh|c=国关|p=Guó Gūan|labels=no}})}}.
The '''University of International Relations''' ('''UIR'''; {{zh|s=国际关系学院|p=Guójì Guānxì Xuéyuàn}}) is a [[National university|national]] [[public university]] in [[Beijing]], [[China]]. It is known colloquially as "Guoguan" {{nowrap|({{Zh|c=国关|p=Guó Gūan|labels=no}})}}.


The Institute for International Relations, later translated into English as Institute ''of'' International Relations, was established in 1949 by the first [[Premier of the People's Republic of China|premier]] of the People's Republic of China, [[Zhou Enlai]], to train diplomats.<ref name=":6">{{Cite book |last1=Smith |first1=I. C. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WgANEAAAQBAJ&dq=%22university%20of%20international%20relations%22%20%22state%20security%22&pg=PA32 |title=Historical Dictionary of Chinese Intelligence |last2=West |first2=Nigel |date=2012-05-04 |publisher=[[Scarecrow Press]] |isbn=978-0-8108-7370-4 |pages=31 |language=en}}</ref> It became one of the [[National Key Universities]] in 1960, and was one of first in China to offer master's degrees. In 1983, the school became the first foreign studies institute in China to evolve into a comprehensive university.<ref name=hist>{{cite web |url=https://www.uir.edu.cn/c/2015-11-20/521453.shtml |title=History of University of International Relations |publisher=University of International Relations |access-date=2019-01-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190120043029/https://www.uir.edu.cn/c/2015-11-20/521453.shtml |archive-date=January 20, 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="key">{{cite web |title=中共中央关于增加全国重点高等学校的决定 |url=http://www.ce.cn/xwzx/gnsz/szyw/200706/11/t20070611_11693907.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190119141305/http://www.ce.cn/xwzx/gnsz/szyw/200706/11/t20070611_11693907.shtml |archive-date=2019-01-19 |access-date=2019-01-19 |website=[[Economic Daily]] |language=zh}}</ref>
The Institute for International Relations, later translated into English as Institute ''of'' International Relations, was established in 1949 by the first [[Premier of the People's Republic of China|premier]] of the People's Republic of China, [[Zhou Enlai]], to train diplomats.<ref name=":6">{{Cite book |last1=Smith |first1=I. C. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WgANEAAAQBAJ&dq=%22university%20of%20international%20relations%22%20%22state%20security%22&pg=PA32 |title=Historical Dictionary of Chinese Intelligence |last2=West |first2=Nigel |date=2012-05-04 |publisher=[[Scarecrow Press]] |isbn=978-0-8108-7370-4 |pages=31 |language=en}}</ref> It became one of the [[National Key Universities]] in 1960, and was one of first in China to offer master's degrees. In 1983, the school became the first foreign studies institute in China to evolve into a comprehensive university.<ref name=hist>{{cite web |url=https://www.uir.edu.cn/c/2015-11-20/521453.shtml |title=History of University of International Relations |publisher=University of International Relations |access-date=2019-01-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190120043029/https://www.uir.edu.cn/c/2015-11-20/521453.shtml |archive-date=January 20, 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="key">{{cite web |title=中共中央关于增加全国重点高等学校的决定 |url=http://www.ce.cn/xwzx/gnsz/szyw/200706/11/t20070611_11693907.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190119141305/http://www.ce.cn/xwzx/gnsz/szyw/200706/11/t20070611_11693907.shtml |archive-date=2019-01-19 |access-date=2019-01-19 |website=[[Economic Daily]] |language=zh}}</ref> In 2021, UIR was authorized to offer [[Ph.D.]] in [[Politics]]<ref name="phd">{{cite news |url=https://news.uir.cn/c/2021-11-10/617392.shtml |title=国际关系学院获批成为博士学位授予单位 |publisher=国际关系学院新闻网 |date=2021-11-10|language=zh}}</ref>.

The UIR has offered a collaborative degree program with the [[China Institutes of Contemporary International Relations]], the 11th Bureau of the [[Ministry of State Security (China)|Ministry of State Security]] (MSS), China's civilian intelligence agency.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mattis |first=Peter |title=Chinese Communist Espionage |title-link=Chinese Communist Espionage |last2=Brazil |first2=Matthew |publisher=[[Naval Institute Press]] |year=2019 |isbn=9781682473047 |location=Annapolis |page=29 |language=en-US |quote="Eleventh Bureau: 中国现代国际关系研究所, China Institutes of Contemporary International Relations, performs open-source research, translation, and analysis. Its analysts also meet regularly with foreign delegations and spend time abroad as visiting fellows"}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-11-05 |title=国际关系学院_院校信息库_阳光高考 |trans-title=School of International Relations |url=https://gaokao.chsi.com.cn/sch/schoolInfo--schId-37,categoryId-27849,mindex-1.dhtml |url-status=unfit |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201105044220/https://gaokao.chsi.com.cn/sch/schoolInfo--schId-37,categoryId-27849,mindex-1.dhtml |archive-date=2020-01-10 |access-date=2023-05-16 |website=[[Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China]] |language=zh-CHN |quote="The school and the [[China Institute of Contemporary International Relations]] jointly train doctoral students majoring in international relations."}}</ref><ref name=":7">{{cite book |last1=Joske |first1=Alex |title=Spies and Lies: How China's Greatest Covert Operations Fooled the World |title-link=Spies and Lies (Joske book) |publisher=Hardie Grant |year=2022 |isbn=9781743589007 |location=Melbourne |page= |language=en-AUS |chapter= |quote= |author-link=Alex Joske}}</ref>{{Rp|page=63|quote=In contrast, numerous scholars from the MSS's 11th Bureau, outwardly known as the CICIR think tank, were quoted by US diplomats, while their affiliation with the agency was usually noted.}}


==History==
==History==
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In 1964, then-Premier Zhou Enlai ordered the creation of colleges and university departments to focus on international affairs.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|last=Shambaugh|first=David|author-link=David Shambaugh|date=2002|title=China's International Relations Think Tanks: Evolving Structure and Process|journal=[[The China Quarterly]]|volume=171|issue=171|pages=575–596|doi=10.1017/S0009443902000360|issn=0305-7410|jstor=4618770|s2cid=154801635}}</ref> Several government agencies, including the [[Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China|Ministry of Foreign Affairs]] and the [[International Liaison Department of the Chinese Communist Party]], established their own institutes for the study of international affairs. The University of International Relations was formally affiliated with the [[Ministry of Public Security of the People's Republic of China|Ministry of Public Security]] in 1965, and was charged with training intelligence agents for the Central Investigation Department (both predecessors to the MSS) and for [[Xinhua News Agency]].<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" />
In 1964, then-Premier Zhou Enlai ordered the creation of colleges and university departments to focus on international affairs.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|last=Shambaugh|first=David|author-link=David Shambaugh|date=2002|title=China's International Relations Think Tanks: Evolving Structure and Process|journal=[[The China Quarterly]]|volume=171|issue=171|pages=575–596|doi=10.1017/S0009443902000360|issn=0305-7410|jstor=4618770|s2cid=154801635}}</ref> Several government agencies, including the [[Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China|Ministry of Foreign Affairs]] and the [[International Liaison Department of the Chinese Communist Party]], established their own institutes for the study of international affairs. The University of International Relations was formally affiliated with the [[Ministry of Public Security of the People's Republic of China|Ministry of Public Security]] in 1965, and was charged with training intelligence agents for the Central Investigation Department (both predecessors to the MSS) and for [[Xinhua News Agency]].<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" />


Like many schools in China, the University of International Relations was shuttered during China's [[Cultural Revolution]] and reopened in 1978.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Barnett|first=A. Doak|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZAaiDwAAQBAJ|title=The Making Of Foreign Policy In China: Structure And Process|date=2019-07-11|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-000-30316-2|language=en|oclc=1108547701|author-link=A. Doak Barnett|access-date=March 8, 2020|archive-date=August 24, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200824014151/https://books.google.com/books?id=ZAaiDwAAQBAJ&hl=en|url-status=live}}</ref>[[File:UIR Library.jpg|thumb|260px|UIR library]]
Like many schools in China, the University of International Relations was shuttered during China's [[Cultural Revolution]] and reopened in 1978.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Barnett|first=A. Doak|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZAaiDwAAQBAJ|title=The Making Of Foreign Policy In China: Structure And Process|date=2019-07-11|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-000-30316-2|language=en|oclc=1108547701|author-link=A. Doak Barnett|access-date=March 8, 2020|archive-date=August 24, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200824014151/https://books.google.com/books?id=ZAaiDwAAQBAJ&hl=en|url-status=live}}</ref>[[File:UIR Library.jpg|thumb|260px|UIR library]] In 1983, the school became the first foreign studies institute in China to evolve into a comprehensive university.{{R|hist|key}}. In 2021, UIR was authorized to offer [[Ph.D.]] in [[Politics]]{{r|phd}}


==Affiliation with the Ministry of State Security==
==Affiliation with the Ministry of State Security==
Despite claims from CCP sources that UIR operates under the direction of the [[Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China|Ministry of Education]],<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070703112438/http://www.uir.cn/index.php?id=219 Introduction], University of International Relations</ref><ref>{{cite news |author=季晓旭 |date=2019-09-17 |title=国际关系学院 |publisher=China Education News Network |url=http://www.jyb.cn/rmtzcg/xwy/wzxw/201909/t20190917_261037.html |access-date=November 7, 2022 |archive-date=November 4, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221104140939/http://www.jyb.cn/rmtzcg/xwy/wzxw/201909/t20190917_261037.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=国际关系学院2010年研究生招生简章 |url=https://yz.chsi.com.cn/kyzx/kydt/200909/20090916/32928980.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200613084505/https://yz.chsi.com.cn/kyzx/kydt/200909/20090916/32928980.html |archive-date=2020-06-13 |accessdate=2020-06-13 |work=[[Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China]]}}</ref> the university does not appear on the Ministry of Education's list of subordinate universities, and every available academic source concludes that the university is an affiliate of the [[Ministry of State Security (China)|Ministry of State Security]] (MSS).<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=University of International Relations |url=https://unitracker.aspi.org.au/universities/university-of-international-relations |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191127195122/https://unitracker.aspi.org.au/universities/university-of-international-relations/ |archive-date=2019-11-27 |access-date=2019-11-27 |website=[[Australian Strategic Policy Institute]] |language=en-au}}</ref><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" /><ref name=":3">{{Cite book |last=Wise |first=David |title=Tiger Trap: America's Secret Spy War with China |date=2011-06-14 |publisher=[[Houghton Mifflin Harcourt]] |isbn=978-0-547-55487-7 |pages=8–9 |language=en |oclc=759835935 |author-link=David Wise (journalist)}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite journal |last=Mattis |first=Peter L. |date=29 August 2012 |title=Assessing Western Perspectives on Chinese Intelligence |journal=[[International Journal of Intelligence and CounterIntelligence]] |language=en |volume=25 |issue=4 |pages=678–699 |doi=10.1080/08850607.2012.678745 |issn=0885-0607 |s2cid=154919371}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite book |last=Golden |first=Daniel |title=Spy Schools: How the CIA, FBI, and Foreign Intelligence Secretly Exploit America's Universities |title-link=Spy Schools |date=2017-10-10 |publisher=[[Henry Holt and Company]] |isbn=978-1-62779-636-1 |pages=[https://books.google.com/books?id=4AFsDgAAQBAJ&pg=PA85 85]–[https://books.google.com/books?id=4AFsDgAAQBAJ&pg=PA95 95] |language=en |oclc=967864126 |author-link=Daniel Golden}}</ref><ref name=":7" />{{Rp|pages=64, 72|quote=Take Jiang Xue, a member of CICEC's council until 2013 and one of those whose names were redacted. He's an accomplished poet and calligrapher. In 2014, his lyrics 'River of Love' formed the theme song for a Chinese movie, where he's credited as a former Ministry of Public Security employee, a commonly used cover by MSS officers. He's also lectured at two MSS academies: the University of International Relations and the secretive Jiangnan Social University, a mid-career training institution with what looks like a shooting range on its campus. He's an MSS officer." "China Reform Forum's MSS officers come from the agency's headquarters, where staff are usually the cream of the crop. Many are transfers from other agencies, like the police or military, or top-tier graduates of specialised MSS training institutions like the University of International Relations and other elite universities in Beijing.}} Also, provincial government documents suggest that the UIR is affiliated with the MSS, mentioning it alongside [[Jiangnan Social University]], a known MSS training institute.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Zhejiang Provincial Human Resource Department, Public Security Department, and National Security Department |date=1997-06-23 |title=浙江省人事厅、公安厅、国家安全厅关于从公安、安全系统院校应届毕业生中录用人民警察有关问题的通知 |trans-title=Notice on the recruitment of the people's police from the fresh graduates of the public security and security system colleges and universities |url=http://www.nbrs.gov.cn/rsgl/klytp/zcfg/200806/t20080611_54448.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131221050825/http://www.nbrs.gov.cn/rsgl/klytp/zcfg/200806/t20080611_54448.html |archive-date=2013-12-21 |website=Ningbo City Human Resources and Social Security Bureau |language=zh-CHN |quote="Fresh graduates of police colleges and universities affiliated to the Ministry of Public Security and the Ministry of National Security (including teachers' public security professional courses of Northeast Normal University and forensic majors in West China, Zhongshan, Xi'an and China Medical University, as well as graduates of the School of International Relations and [[Jiangnan Social University|Jiangnan School of Sociology]] under the Ministry of National Security) and the provincial public security and national security system police colleges Graduates entering the provincial public security and state security organs must implement examination and recruitment methods. Those who pass the examination and examination can be hired as the people's police."}}</ref> The university's campus is directly adjacent to the national headquarters of the MSS to the south and to the [[Central Party School of the Chinese Communist Party|Central Party School]] of the [[Chinese Communist Party]] (CCP) to the west.<!-- See [[WP:OR]] exemption "the statement "the capital of France is Paris" does not require a source to be cited, nor is it original research, because it's not something you thought up and it is easily verifiable; therefore, no one is likely to object to it and we know that sources exist for it even if they are not cited. The statement is verifiable, even if not verified." Their publicly acknowledged address is next to these other addresses, it is verifiable even without someone pointing out the adjacency --> According to [[Stratfor]], "training for most MSS officers begins at the Beijing [campus of the] University of International Relations."<ref>{{cite web |date=April 24, 2010 |title=Espionage with Chinese Characteristics |url=https://worldview.stratfor.com/article/chinese-espionage-hacking-intelligence-mosiac |url-access=subscription |website=[[Stratfor]]}}</ref>
Despite claims from CCP sources that UIR operates under the direction of the [[Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China|Ministry of Education]],<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070703112438/http://www.uir.cn/index.php?id=219 Introduction], University of International Relations</ref><ref>{{cite news |author=季晓旭 |date=2019-09-17 |title=国际关系学院 |publisher=China Education News Network |url=http://www.jyb.cn/rmtzcg/xwy/wzxw/201909/t20190917_261037.html |access-date=November 7, 2022 |archive-date=November 4, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221104140939/http://www.jyb.cn/rmtzcg/xwy/wzxw/201909/t20190917_261037.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=国际关系学院2010年研究生招生简章 |url=https://yz.chsi.com.cn/kyzx/kydt/200909/20090916/32928980.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200613084505/https://yz.chsi.com.cn/kyzx/kydt/200909/20090916/32928980.html |archive-date=2020-06-13 |accessdate=2020-06-13 |work=[[Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China]]}}</ref> the university does not appear on the Ministry of Education's list of subordinate universities, and every available academic source concludes that the university is an affiliate of the [[Ministry of State Security (China)|Ministry of State Security]] (MSS).<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=University of International Relations |url=https://unitracker.aspi.org.au/universities/university-of-international-relations |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191127195122/https://unitracker.aspi.org.au/universities/university-of-international-relations/ |archive-date=2019-11-27 |access-date=2019-11-27 |website=[[Australian Strategic Policy Institute]] |language=en-au}}</ref><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" /><ref name=":3">{{Cite book |last=Wise |first=David |title=Tiger Trap: America's Secret Spy War with China |date=2011-06-14 |publisher=[[Houghton Mifflin Harcourt]] |isbn=978-0-547-55487-7 |pages=8–9 |language=en |oclc=759835935 |author-link=David Wise (journalist)}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite journal |last=Mattis |first=Peter L. |date=29 August 2012 |title=Assessing Western Perspectives on Chinese Intelligence |journal=[[International Journal of Intelligence and CounterIntelligence]] |language=en |volume=25 |issue=4 |pages=678–699 |doi=10.1080/08850607.2012.678745 |issn=0885-0607 |s2cid=154919371}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite book |last=Golden |first=Daniel |title=Spy Schools: How the CIA, FBI, and Foreign Intelligence Secretly Exploit America's Universities |title-link=Spy Schools |date=2017-10-10 |publisher=[[Henry Holt and Company]] |isbn=978-1-62779-636-1 |pages=[https://books.google.com/books?id=4AFsDgAAQBAJ&pg=PA85 85]–[https://books.google.com/books?id=4AFsDgAAQBAJ&pg=PA95 95] |language=en |oclc=967864126 |author-link=Daniel Golden}}</ref><ref name=":7">{{cite book |last1=Joske |first1=Alex |title=Spies and Lies: How China's Greatest Covert Operations Fooled the World |title-link=Spies and Lies (Joske book) |publisher=Hardie Grant |year=2022 |isbn=9781743589007 |location=Melbourne |page= |language=en-AUS |chapter= |quote= |author-link=Alex Joske}}</ref>{{Rp|page=63|quote=In contrast, numerous scholars from the MSS's 11th Bureau, outwardly known as the CICIR think tank, were quoted by US diplomats, while their affiliation with the agency was usually noted.}} {{Rp|pages=64, 72|quote=Take Jiang Xue, a member of CICEC's council until 2013 and one of those whose names were redacted. He's an accomplished poet and calligrapher. In 2014, his lyrics 'River of Love' formed the theme song for a Chinese movie, where he's credited as a former Ministry of Public Security employee, a commonly used cover by MSS officers. He's also lectured at two MSS academies: the University of International Relations and the secretive Jiangnan Social University, a mid-career training institution with what looks like a shooting range on its campus. He's an MSS officer." "China Reform Forum's MSS officers come from the agency's headquarters, where staff are usually the cream of the crop. Many are transfers from other agencies, like the police or military, or top-tier graduates of specialised MSS training institutions like the University of International Relations and other elite universities in Beijing.}} Also, provincial government documents suggest that the UIR is affiliated with the MSS, mentioning it alongside [[Jiangnan Social University]], a known MSS training institute.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Zhejiang Provincial Human Resource Department, Public Security Department, and National Security Department |date=1997-06-23 |title=浙江省人事厅、公安厅、国家安全厅关于从公安、安全系统院校应届毕业生中录用人民警察有关问题的通知 |trans-title=Notice on the recruitment of the people's police from the fresh graduates of the public security and security system colleges and universities |url=http://www.nbrs.gov.cn/rsgl/klytp/zcfg/200806/t20080611_54448.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131221050825/http://www.nbrs.gov.cn/rsgl/klytp/zcfg/200806/t20080611_54448.html |archive-date=2013-12-21 |website=Ningbo City Human Resources and Social Security Bureau |language=zh-CHN |quote="Fresh graduates of police colleges and universities affiliated to the Ministry of Public Security and the Ministry of National Security (including teachers' public security professional courses of Northeast Normal University and forensic majors in West China, Zhongshan, Xi'an and China Medical University, as well as graduates of the School of International Relations and [[Jiangnan Social University|Jiangnan School of Sociology]] under the Ministry of National Security) and the provincial public security and national security system police colleges Graduates entering the provincial public security and state security organs must implement examination and recruitment methods. Those who pass the examination and examination can be hired as the people's police."}}</ref> The university's campus is directly adjacent to the national headquarters of the MSS to the south and to the [[Central Party School of the Chinese Communist Party|Central Party School]] of the [[Chinese Communist Party]] (CCP) to the west.<!-- See [[WP:OR]] exemption "the statement "the capital of France is Paris" does not require a source to be cited, nor is it original research, because it's not something you thought up and it is easily verifiable; therefore, no one is likely to object to it and we know that sources exist for it even if they are not cited. The statement is verifiable, even if not verified." Their publicly acknowledged address is next to these other addresses, it is verifiable even without someone pointing out the adjacency --> According to [[Stratfor]], "training for most MSS officers begins at the Beijing [campus of the] University of International Relations."<ref>{{cite web |date=April 24, 2010 |title=Espionage with Chinese Characteristics |url=https://worldview.stratfor.com/article/chinese-espionage-hacking-intelligence-mosiac |url-access=subscription |website=[[Stratfor]]}}</ref>


The ''Historical Dictionary of Chinese Intelligence'' states that the university's "relationship with the MSS is intended to be covert".<ref name=":6" /> According to József Boda of Hungary's [[National University of Public Service]], the "UIR gives the MSS a way to work with foreign universities and academics to shape and learn about perceptions of the PRC’s views on security. It also provides a platform for the MSS to identify talents, recruit officers and collect intelligence."<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Boda |first=József |date=2022-11-11 |title=The Situation of National Security Studies: A Short Overview |journal=Nemzetbiztonsági Szemle |publisher=[[National University of Public Service]] |volume=10 |issue=3 |pages=13–24 |doi=10.32561/nsz.2022.3.2 |issn=2064-3756 |s2cid=253876097 |doi-access=free}}</ref>
The ''Historical Dictionary of Chinese Intelligence'' states that the university's "relationship with the MSS is intended to be covert".<ref name=":6" /> According to József Boda of Hungary's [[National University of Public Service]], the "UIR gives the MSS a way to work with foreign universities and academics to shape and learn about perceptions of the PRC’s views on security. It also provides a platform for the MSS to identify talents, recruit officers and collect intelligence."<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Boda |first=József |date=2022-11-11 |title=The Situation of National Security Studies: A Short Overview |journal=Nemzetbiztonsági Szemle |publisher=[[National University of Public Service]] |volume=10 |issue=3 |pages=13–24 |doi=10.32561/nsz.2022.3.2 |issn=2064-3756 |s2cid=253876097 |doi-access=free}}</ref>

Revision as of 02:30, 10 August 2023

Not to be confused with China Foreign Affairs University.

University of International Relations
国际关系学院 (Chinese)
Other name
国关 Guó Gūan
Former names
Institute of International Relations
TypeCentrally Affiliated University [zh]
Established1949; 75 years ago (1949)
Parent institution
Ministry of State Security
Officer in charge
Lin Xiaoke
ChairmanLiu Hui
Vice-presidentGuo Huimin
Location
Haidian District, Beijing
,
China

40°00′08″N 116°16′48″E / 40.0021°N 116.2801°E / 40.0021; 116.2801
Websitewww.uir.cn Edit this at Wikidata
Chinese name
Simplified Chinese国际关系学院
Traditional Chinese國際關係學院

The University of International Relations (UIR; Chinese: 国际关系学院; pinyin: Guójì Guānxì Xuéyuàn) is a national public university in Beijing, China. It is known colloquially as "Guoguan" (国关; Guó Gūan).

The Institute for International Relations, later translated into English as Institute of International Relations, was established in 1949 by the first premier of the People's Republic of China, Zhou Enlai, to train diplomats.[1] It became one of the National Key Universities in 1960, and was one of first in China to offer master's degrees. In 1983, the school became the first foreign studies institute in China to evolve into a comprehensive university.[2][3] In 2021, UIR was authorized to offer Ph.D. in Politics[4].

History

UIR main academic building

The University of International Relations was founded in 1949 to train foreign affairs cadres for the newly created People's Republic of China. In 1961, the school merged with the Foreign Affairs College.[5]

In 1964, then-Premier Zhou Enlai ordered the creation of colleges and university departments to focus on international affairs.[6] Several government agencies, including the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the International Liaison Department of the Chinese Communist Party, established their own institutes for the study of international affairs. The University of International Relations was formally affiliated with the Ministry of Public Security in 1965, and was charged with training intelligence agents for the Central Investigation Department (both predecessors to the MSS) and for Xinhua News Agency.[5][6]

Like many schools in China, the University of International Relations was shuttered during China's Cultural Revolution and reopened in 1978.[7]

UIR library

In 1983, the school became the first foreign studies institute in China to evolve into a comprehensive university.[2][3]. In 2021, UIR was authorized to offer Ph.D. in Politics[4]

Affiliation with the Ministry of State Security

Despite claims from CCP sources that UIR operates under the direction of the Ministry of Education,[8][9][10] the university does not appear on the Ministry of Education's list of subordinate universities, and every available academic source concludes that the university is an affiliate of the Ministry of State Security (MSS).[11][6][5][12][13][14][15]: 63  : 64, 72  Also, provincial government documents suggest that the UIR is affiliated with the MSS, mentioning it alongside Jiangnan Social University, a known MSS training institute.[16] The university's campus is directly adjacent to the national headquarters of the MSS to the south and to the Central Party School of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) to the west. According to Stratfor, "training for most MSS officers begins at the Beijing [campus of the] University of International Relations."[17]

The Historical Dictionary of Chinese Intelligence states that the university's "relationship with the MSS is intended to be covert".[1] According to József Boda of Hungary's National University of Public Service, the "UIR gives the MSS a way to work with foreign universities and academics to shape and learn about perceptions of the PRC’s views on security. It also provides a platform for the MSS to identify talents, recruit officers and collect intelligence."[18]

UIR gymnasium

Partnerships

The university maintains partnerships and exchanges with Marietta College,[14] University of Massachusetts Boston, Aalborg University, Toulouse 1 University Capitole, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima City University, Ibaraki University, among others.[11]

Notable alumni

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Smith, I. C.; West, Nigel (May 4, 2012). Historical Dictionary of Chinese Intelligence. Scarecrow Press. p. 31. ISBN 978-0-8108-7370-4.
  2. ^ a b "History of University of International Relations". University of International Relations. Archived from the original on January 20, 2019. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
  3. ^ a b "中共中央关于增加全国重点高等学校的决定". Economic Daily (in Chinese). Archived from the original on January 19, 2019. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
  4. ^ a b "国际关系学院获批成为博士学位授予单位" (in Chinese). 国际关系学院新闻网. November 10, 2021.
  5. ^ a b c Chan, Gerald (1998). International Studies in China: An Annotated Bibliography. Nova Publishers. ISBN 978-1-56072-588-6. OCLC 923873469. Archived from the original on August 24, 2020. Retrieved March 8, 2020.
  6. ^ a b c Shambaugh, David (2002). "China's International Relations Think Tanks: Evolving Structure and Process". The China Quarterly. 171 (171): 575–596. doi:10.1017/S0009443902000360. ISSN 0305-7410. JSTOR 4618770. S2CID 154801635.
  7. ^ Barnett, A. Doak (July 11, 2019). The Making Of Foreign Policy In China: Structure And Process. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-000-30316-2. OCLC 1108547701. Archived from the original on August 24, 2020. Retrieved March 8, 2020.
  8. ^ Introduction, University of International Relations
  9. ^ 季晓旭 (September 17, 2019). "国际关系学院". China Education News Network. Archived from the original on November 4, 2022. Retrieved November 7, 2022.
  10. ^ "国际关系学院2010年研究生招生简章". Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China. Archived from the original on June 13, 2020. Retrieved June 13, 2020.
  11. ^ a b "University of International Relations". Australian Strategic Policy Institute. Archived from the original on November 27, 2019. Retrieved November 27, 2019.
  12. ^ Wise, David (June 14, 2011). Tiger Trap: America's Secret Spy War with China. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. pp. 8–9. ISBN 978-0-547-55487-7. OCLC 759835935.
  13. ^ Mattis, Peter L. (August 29, 2012). "Assessing Western Perspectives on Chinese Intelligence". International Journal of Intelligence and CounterIntelligence. 25 (4): 678–699. doi:10.1080/08850607.2012.678745. ISSN 0885-0607. S2CID 154919371.
  14. ^ a b Golden, Daniel (October 10, 2017). Spy Schools: How the CIA, FBI, and Foreign Intelligence Secretly Exploit America's Universities. Henry Holt and Company. pp. 85–95. ISBN 978-1-62779-636-1. OCLC 967864126.
  15. ^ Joske, Alex (2022). Spies and Lies: How China's Greatest Covert Operations Fooled the World. Melbourne: Hardie Grant. ISBN 9781743589007.
  16. ^ Zhejiang Provincial Human Resource Department, Public Security Department, and National Security Department (June 23, 1997). "浙江省人事厅、公安厅、国家安全厅关于从公安、安全系统院校应届毕业生中录用人民警察有关问题的通知" [Notice on the recruitment of the people's police from the fresh graduates of the public security and security system colleges and universities]. Ningbo City Human Resources and Social Security Bureau (in Chinese). Archived from the original on December 21, 2013. Fresh graduates of police colleges and universities affiliated to the Ministry of Public Security and the Ministry of National Security (including teachers' public security professional courses of Northeast Normal University and forensic majors in West China, Zhongshan, Xi'an and China Medical University, as well as graduates of the School of International Relations and Jiangnan School of Sociology under the Ministry of National Security) and the provincial public security and national security system police colleges Graduates entering the provincial public security and state security organs must implement examination and recruitment methods. Those who pass the examination and examination can be hired as the people's police.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  17. ^ "Espionage with Chinese Characteristics". Stratfor. April 24, 2010.
  18. ^ Boda, József (November 11, 2022). "The Situation of National Security Studies: A Short Overview". Nemzetbiztonsági Szemle. 10 (3). National University of Public Service: 13–24. doi:10.32561/nsz.2022.3.2. ISSN 2064-3756. S2CID 253876097.
  19. ^ "中华人民共和国商务部副部长安民". Ministry of Commerce (China) (in Chinese). 商务部人事司. December 30, 2004. Archived from the original on November 10, 2022. Retrieved November 14, 2022.
  20. ^ "中国驻以大使杜伟意外去世，母校国际关系学院刊文沉痛悼念". The Paper (in Chinese). May 18, 2020. Archived from the original on June 1, 2020. Retrieved May 18, 2020.
  21. ^ "刘欢". China News Service (in Chinese). Archived from the original on November 14, 2022. Retrieved November 14, 2022.
  22. ^ "2020年最具影响力前沿先锋候选人物之马军 - 生态中国网". Ministry of Ecology and Environment (in Chinese). Archived from the original on November 14, 2022. Retrieved November 14, 2022.
  23. ^ "梅峰：关于《不成问题的问题》的问题" (in Chinese). Sohu. March 30, 2017. Archived from the original on November 8, 2022. Retrieved November 8, 2022.
  24. ^ "Ambassador Qin Gang". US-China Business Council. November 2, 2021. Archived from the original on December 30, 2022. Retrieved November 14, 2022.
  25. ^ 储舒婷 (September 15, 2022). "外交部直属"双一流"高校，迎来新院长！". Wenhui Bao (in Chinese). Shanghai United Media Group. Archived from the original on November 14, 2022. Retrieved September 15, 2022.
  26. ^ "阎学通". Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. Archived from the original on November 12, 2022. Retrieved November 10, 2022.
  27. ^ "邹加怡任财政部副部长、党组成员(图/简历) [Zou Jiayi Appointed Finance Vice Minister and Party Committee Member (Picture/CV)]". People's Daily (in Chinese). June 12, 2018. Archived from the original on September 17, 2021. Retrieved June 2, 2020.

External links

Library resources about
University of International Relations
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