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Added that it was first miRNA to be discovered, removed last sentence, added Lee et al. 1993 reference, lower-cased initial "Lin-4"
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Italicized all lin genes, capitalized LIN-14 protein
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'''lin-4''' is a [[microRNA]] (miRNA) that was identified from a study of developmental timing in ''[[Caenorhabditis elegans|C. elegans]]'' <ref>{{cite journal | author = Lee RC, Feinbaum RL, Ambros V | year = 1993 | title = The C. elegans heterochronic gene ''lin-4'' encodes small RNAs with antisense complementarity to ''lin-14'' | journal = Cell | volume = 75 | issue = 5 | pages = 843&ndash;854 | pmid = 8252621 | doi = 10.1016/0092-8674(93)90529-Y}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | last = Rougvie | first = AE | year = 2001 | title = Control of developmental timing in animals | journal = Nat Rev Genet | volume = 2 | pages = 690&ndash;701 | pmid = 11533718 | doi = 10.1038/35088566 | issue = 9}}</ref>. It was the first to be discovered of the miRNAs, a class of [[non-coding RNA]]s involved in gene regulation <ref>{{cite journal | last = Ambros | first = V | year = 2001 | title = microRNAs: tiny regulators with great potential | journal = Cell | volume = 107 | pages = 823&ndash;826 | pmid = 11779458 | doi = 10.1016/S0092-8674(01)00616-X | issue = 7}}</ref>. lin-4 is found on chromosome II in ''C. elegans'' and is complementary to sequences in the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of lin-14 mRNA. lin-4 acts to developmentally repress the accumulation of lin-14 protein<ref name="pmid10642801">{{cite journal | author = Olsen PH, Ambros V | title = The lin-4 regulatory RNA controls developmental timing in Caenorhabditis elegans by blocking LIN-14 protein synthesis after the initiation of translation | journal = Dev. Biol. | volume = 216 | issue = 2 | pages = 671–80 | year = 1999 | pmid = 10642801 | doi = 10.1006/dbio.1999.9523 }}</ref>. lin-4 also targets lin-28 and reduces protein expression<ref name="pmid16122423">{{cite journal | author = Bagga S, Bracht J, Hunter S, ''et al.'' | title = Regulation by let-7 and lin-4 miRNAs results in target mRNA degradation | journal = Cell | volume = 122 | issue = 4 | pages = 553–63 | year = 2005 | pmid = 16122423 | doi = 10.1016/j.cell.2005.07.031 }}</ref>. miRNAs are transcribed as ~70 nucleotide precursors and subsequently processed by the [[Dicer]] enzyme to give a ~22 nucleotide product. The extents of the [[stem-loop|hairpin]] precursors are not generally known and are estimated based on hairpin prediction. The products are thought to have regulatory roles through complementarity to mRNA.
'''''lin-4''''' is a [[microRNA]] (miRNA) that was identified from a study of developmental timing in ''[[Caenorhabditis elegans|C. elegans]]'' <ref>{{cite journal | author = Lee RC, Feinbaum RL, Ambros V | year = 1993 | title = The C. elegans heterochronic gene ''lin-4'' encodes small RNAs with antisense complementarity to ''lin-14'' | journal = Cell | volume = 75 | issue = 5 | pages = 843&ndash;854 | pmid = 8252621 | doi = 10.1016/0092-8674(93)90529-Y}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | last = Rougvie | first = AE | year = 2001 | title = Control of developmental timing in animals | journal = Nat Rev Genet | volume = 2 | pages = 690&ndash;701 | pmid = 11533718 | doi = 10.1038/35088566 | issue = 9}}</ref>. It was the first to be discovered of the miRNAs, a class of [[non-coding RNA]]s involved in gene regulation <ref>{{cite journal | last = Ambros | first = V | year = 2001 | title = microRNAs: tiny regulators with great potential | journal = Cell | volume = 107 | pages = 823&ndash;826 | pmid = 11779458 | doi = 10.1016/S0092-8674(01)00616-X | issue = 7}}</ref>. ''lin-4'' is found on chromosome II in ''C. elegans'' and is complementary to sequences in the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of ''lin-14'' mRNA. ''lin-4'' acts to developmentally repress the accumulation of LIN-14 protein<ref name="pmid10642801">{{cite journal | author = Olsen PH, Ambros V | title = The ''lin-4'' regulatory RNA controls developmental timing in Caenorhabditis elegans by blocking LIN-14 protein synthesis after the initiation of translation | journal = Dev. Biol. | volume = 216 | issue = 2 | pages = 671–80 | year = 1999 | pmid = 10642801 | doi = 10.1006/dbio.1999.9523 }}</ref>. ''lin-4'' also targets ''lin-28'' and reduces protein expression<ref name="pmid16122423">{{cite journal | author = Bagga S, Bracht J, Hunter S, ''et al.'' | title = Regulation by let-7 and ''lin-4'' miRNAs results in target mRNA degradation | journal = Cell | volume = 122 | issue = 4 | pages = 553–63 | year = 2005 | pmid = 16122423 | doi = 10.1016/j.cell.2005.07.031 }}</ref>. miRNAs are transcribed as ~70 nucleotide precursors and subsequently processed by the [[Dicer]] enzyme to give a ~22 nucleotide product. The extents of the [[stem-loop|hairpin]] precursors are not generally known and are estimated based on hairpin prediction. The products are thought to have regulatory roles through complementarity to mRNA.


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 05:57, 25 February 2012

lin-4 microRNA precursor
Predicted secondary structure and sequence conservation of lin-4
Identifiers
Symbollin-4
RfamRF00052
miRBaseMI0000002
miRBase familyMIPF0000303
Other data
RNA typeGene; miRNA
Domain(s)Eukaryota
GOGO:0035195 GO:0035068
SOSO:0001244
PDB structuresPDBe

lin-4 is a microRNA (miRNA) that was identified from a study of developmental timing in C. elegans [1][2]. It was the first to be discovered of the miRNAs, a class of non-coding RNAs involved in gene regulation [3]. lin-4 is found on chromosome II in C. elegans and is complementary to sequences in the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of lin-14 mRNA. lin-4 acts to developmentally repress the accumulation of LIN-14 protein[4]. lin-4 also targets lin-28 and reduces protein expression[5]. miRNAs are transcribed as ~70 nucleotide precursors and subsequently processed by the Dicer enzyme to give a ~22 nucleotide product. The extents of the hairpin precursors are not generally known and are estimated based on hairpin prediction. The products are thought to have regulatory roles through complementarity to mRNA.

References

  1. ^ Lee RC, Feinbaum RL, Ambros V (1993). "The C. elegans heterochronic gene lin-4 encodes small RNAs with antisense complementarity to lin-14". Cell. 75 (5): 843–854. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(93)90529-Y. PMID 8252621.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  2. ^ Rougvie, AE (2001). "Control of developmental timing in animals". Nat Rev Genet. 2 (9): 690–701. doi:10.1038/35088566. PMID 11533718.
  3. ^ Ambros, V (2001). "microRNAs: tiny regulators with great potential". Cell. 107 (7): 823–826. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(01)00616-X. PMID 11779458.
  4. ^ Olsen PH, Ambros V (1999). "The lin-4 regulatory RNA controls developmental timing in Caenorhabditis elegans by blocking LIN-14 protein synthesis after the initiation of translation". Dev. Biol. 216 (2): 671–80. doi:10.1006/dbio.1999.9523. PMID 10642801.
  5. ^ Bagga S, Bracht J, Hunter S; et al. (2005). "Regulation by let-7 and lin-4 miRNAs results in target mRNA degradation". Cell. 122 (4): 553–63. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2005.07.031. PMID 16122423. {{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in: |author= (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)


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