Trappists: Difference between revisions
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Trappist monks generally speak only when necessary; thus idle talk is strongly discouraged. According to St. Benedict, speech disturbs a disciple's quietude and receptivity, and may tempt one to exercise one's own will instead of the will of God. Speech that leads to unkind amusement or laughter is seen as evil and is banned.<ref> |
Trappist monks generally speak only when necessary; thus idle talk is strongly discouraged. According to St. Benedict, speech disturbs a disciple's quietude and receptivity, and may tempt one to exercise one's own will instead of the will of God. Speech that leads to unkind amusement or laughter is seen as evil and is banned.<ref> |
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{{cite web|url=http://www.osb.org/rb/text/rbejms3.html#6 |title=OSB. Rule of Benedict : Text, English, Jan May Sep 3/3 |publisher=Osb.org |date=2006-05-06 |accessdate=2011-03-09}} |
{{cite web|url=http://www.osb.org/rb/text/rbejms3.html#6 |title=OSB. Rule of Benedict : Text, English, Jan May Sep 3/3 |publisher=Osb.org |date=2006-05-06 |accessdate=2011-03-09}} |
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</ref> A Trappist [[ |
</ref> A Trappist [[sign language]], distinct from other forms of [[monastic sign language]], has developed to render speaking unnecessary. Meals are usually taken in contemplative silence as members of the order are supposed to listen to a reading.<ref>[[Rule of St. Benedict]], c. 38: ''Reading must not be wanting at the table of the brethren when they are eating''. The 1949 Edition Translated by Rev. Boniface Verheyen, OSB</ref> |
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== Goods produced == |
== Goods produced == |
Revision as of 19:47, 16 May 2013
Abbreviation | Order of Trappists (O.C.S.O.) |
---|---|
Type | Catholic religious order |
Website | www.ocso.org |
The Order of Cistercians of the Strict Observance (O.C.S.O.: Ordo Cisterciensis Strictioris Observantiae) is a Roman Catholic religious order of cloistered contemplative monastics who follow the Rule of St. Benedict. A branch of the Order of Cistercians, they have communities of both monks and nuns, commonly referred to as Trappists and Trappistines, respectively.
History
The order takes its name from La Trappe Abbey or La Grande Trappe, located in the French province of Normandy. A reform movement began there in 1664, in reaction to the relaxation of practices in many Cistercian monasteries.[1] Armand Jean le Bouthillier de Rancé, originally the commendatory abbot of La Trappe, led the reform. As commendatory abbot, de Rancé was a layman who obtained income from the monastery but had no religious obligations. After a conversion of life between 1660 and 1662, de Rancé formally joined the abbey and became its regular abbot in 1663.[2] In 1892 the reformed "Trappists" broke away from the Cistercian order and formed an independent monastic order with the approval of the Pope.[3]
Monastic life
The Rule of St. Benedict, written in the sixth century, guides the lives of Trappists. The Rule describes the ideals and values of a monastic life.
"Strict Observance" refers to the Trappists' goal of following closely St. Benedict's Rule and taking the three vows described in his Rule (c. 58): stability, fidelity to monastic life, and obedience. Benedict's insistence on lack of speech has some impact on their way of life, though (contrary to popular belief) they do not take a vow of silence.[4] Trappist monks generally speak only when necessary; thus idle talk is strongly discouraged. According to St. Benedict, speech disturbs a disciple's quietude and receptivity, and may tempt one to exercise one's own will instead of the will of God. Speech that leads to unkind amusement or laughter is seen as evil and is banned.[5] A Trappist sign language, distinct from other forms of monastic sign language, has developed to render speaking unnecessary. Meals are usually taken in contemplative silence as members of the order are supposed to listen to a reading.[6]
Goods produced
The 48th chapter of the Rule of St. Benedict states "for then are they monks in truth, if they live by the work of their hands".[7]
Following this rule, most Trappist monasteries produce goods that are sold to provide income for the monastery. The goods produced range from cheese, bread, and other foodstuffs to clothing and coffins, though they are most famous[8] for their beers, which are unique within the beer world,[9] and are lauded for their high quality and flavour.[10] As the order does not require abstention from alcohol, some monasteries produce and sell alcoholic beverages. Monasteries in Belgium and the Netherlands, such as Orval Abbey and Westvleteren Abbey, brew beer both for the monks and for sale to the general public. Trappist beers contain residual sugars and living yeast and unlike conventional beers will improve with age.[11] Westvleteren 12 is often considered to be the single best beer in the world.[12]
Monasteries
There are nearly 170 Trappist monasteries and convents in the world, homes to approximately 2,100 Trappist monks and 1,800 Trappistine nuns.[13]
Americas
- Abbey of Notre-Dame du Lac, Oka, Quebec
- Monastère Notre-Dame de Mistassini, Dolbeau-Mistassini, Quebec
- Notre-Dame de l'Assomption Abbey, Rogersville, New Brunswick
- Notre Dame du Calvaire Abbey, Rogersville, New Brunswick
- Our Lady of the Prairies, Winnipeg, Manitoba
- Monastery of St. Mary of Miraflores, Rancagua
- Monasterio Nuestra Señora de Quilvo (Trappistine nuns), Curico
- Our Lady of the Holy Spirit Monastery in Conyers, Georgia.
- Abbey of New Clairvaux, near Vina, California
- Our Lady of the Redwoods in Whitethorn, California
- New Melleray Abbey, near Dubuque, Iowa
- Our Lady of the Mississippi Abbey (Trappistine nuns), Dubuque, Iowa
- Abbey of Gethsemani near Bardstown, Kentucky (where Thomas Merton lived)
- St. Joseph's Abbey, Spencer, Massachusetts
- Mount Saint Mary's Abbey (Trappistine nuns), Wrentham, Massachusetts
- Abbey of the Genesee, Piffard, New York
- Assumption Abbey, Ava, Missouri
- Our Lady of Guadalupe Trappist Abbey, Lafayette, Oregon
- Mepkin Abbey, Moncks Corner, South Carolina
- Abbey of Our Lady of the Holy Trinity, Huntsville, Utah
- Holy Cross Abbey, near Berryville, Virginia
- St. Benedict's Monastery, Snowmass, Colorado
- Santa Rita Abbey in Sonoita, Arizona
- Monastery of Our Lady of the Angels (Trappistine nuns), Crozet, Virginia
Asia
- Our Lady of Joy Abbey (Trappist Haven Monastery), on Lantau Island
- Temanggung known as Pertapaan Santa Maria, Rawaseneng (Central Java, about 50 kilometers south-west Semarang, Central Java) (monks)
- Gedono known as Pertapaan Bunda Pemersatu, Gedono (Central Java, Salatiga) (nuns)
- Wallanabi (Flores) (monks)
- Monastery of Our Lady of the Seven Sorrows, in Latrun (about 15 kilometers west of Jerusalem)
- Our Lady of the Philippines Trappist Monastery, Jordan, Guimaras
- Our Lady of Mt. Matutum Trappistine Monastery, Landan, Polomolok, South Cotabato
- Holy Mother of God Monastery, Shuili, Nantou
Europe
- Abtei Engelszell, Engelhartszell, Upper Austria
- Scourmont Abbey, (Chimay)
- Orval Abbey, Florenville
- Rochefort Abbey, Rochefort
- Westmalle Abbey, Westmalle
- Westvleteren Abbey, Westvleteren
- Achel Abbey, Achel
- Soleilmont Abbey, Fleurus, Belgium (nuns)
- Priory of Our Lady of Klaarland (Bocholt) (nuns)
- Onze Lieve Vrouw van Nazareth Abbey, Brecht, Belgium (nuns)
- Marija Zvijezda (Maria Stern) near Banja Luka
- Cîteaux Abbey
- Abbaye Notre-Dame d'Oelenberg, Alsace
- Our Lady of the Snows (Ardèche) ("Notre-Dame-des-Neiges")
- Our Lady Port of Salvation, in Entrammes (Mayenne)[15]
- Our Lady of Bonneval (Aveyron) (Trappistine nuns)
- Sept-Fons Abbey at Diou in Bourbonnais in the diocese of Moulins in France.
- Mariawald Abbey, Heimbach (Eifel)
United Kingdom of Great Britain
- Caldey Abbey, Caldey Island, off Tenby, Dyfed
- Holy Cross Abbey, Whitland, South Wales
- Mount St. Bernard Abbey, Coalville, Leicestershire
- Sancta Maria Abbey, Nunraw, Haddington, East Lothian
- Order of Anglican Cistercians
- Bolton Abbey, Moone, Athy, County Kildare
- Mellifont Abbey, Collon, County Louth, oldest cistercian house in Ireland est.c.1142
- Mount Melleray Abbey, Cappoquin, County Waterford
- Mount St. Joseph Abbey, Roscrea, County Tipperary
- Our Lady of Bethlehem, Portglenone, Ballymena, County Antrim
- St. Mary's Abbey, Glencairn, Lismore, County Waterford
- Abdij Koningshoeven, Berkel-Enschot
- Abdij Koningsoord, Berkel-Enschot
- Abdij Sion, Diepenveen
- Abdij Maria Toevlucht, Zundert
- Abdij Lilbosch, Echt
- Abdij O.L. Vrouw Onbevlekt Ontvangen, Tegelen
- Monks
Oceania
- Tarrawarra Abbey, Victoria, Australia
- Southern Star Abbey, Kopua, Hawkes Bay
Activities
The Trappist monks of the Tre Fontane (Three Fountains) Abbey raise the lambs whose wool is used to make the pallia of new metropolitan archbishops. The Pope presents the pallia to them on the Solemnity of Saints Peter and Paul, the Holy Apostles; they are blessed by the Pope on the Feast of Saint Agnes, January 21.
See also
References
- ^ M. Basil Pennington, OCSO. "The Cistercians: An Introductory History". The Order of Saint Benedict. Retrieved 2008-01-01.
- ^ "CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Jean-Armand Le Bouthillier de Rance". Newadvent.org. 1911-06-01. Retrieved 2011-03-09.
- ^ OCist.Hu - A Ciszterci Rend Zirci Apátsága (2002-12-31). "History". OCist.Hu. Retrieved 2011-03-09.
- ^ FAQ-eng
- ^ "OSB. Rule of Benedict : Text, English, Jan May Sep 3/3". Osb.org. 2006-05-06. Retrieved 2011-03-09.
- ^ Rule of St. Benedict, c. 38: Reading must not be wanting at the table of the brethren when they are eating. The 1949 Edition Translated by Rev. Boniface Verheyen, OSB
- ^ "The Rule of St. Benedict". Ccel.org. Retrieved 2011-03-09.
- ^ 99% Invisible • Episode 55- The Best Beer in the World
- ^ What are Trappist beers?
- ^ TRAPPIST - THE SEVEN MAGNIFICENT BEERS - Buy Belgian beers online at BELGIAN eSHOP !
- ^ "Michael Jackson's Beer Hunter - Chastity, poverty and a pint". Beerhunter.com. Retrieved 2011-03-09.
- ^ "A Sign From Above? Needing New Roof, Monks Sell Rare Beer In U.S." The Huffington Post. 12 December 2012. Retrieved 21 December 2012.
- ^ [1][dead link]
- ^ Mosteiro Trapista - Nossa Senhora do Novo Mundo
- ^ Abbaye Notre-Dame de Port-du-Salut