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Rivian Automotive, Inc.
Company typePublic company
Nasdaq: RIVN
ISINUS76954A1034 Edit this on Wikidata
Industry
Founded2009; 15 years ago (2009)
FounderRobert "RJ" Scaringe
Headquarters
Irvine, California
,
U.S.[1][2]
Number of locations
7[3]
Key people
  • RJ Scaringe (CEO)
Products
RevenueSteady US$0 (Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2020)[4]
Decrease –US$1.021 Billion (Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2020)[4]
Decrease –US$1.018 Billion (Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2020)[4]
Total assetsIncrease US$4.602 Billion (Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2020)[4]
Total equityDecrease –US$1.384 Billion (Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2020)[4]
Number of employees
9000+ (October 2021[5])
Websiterivian.com

Rivian is an American electric vehicle automaker and automotive technology company founded in 2009. Rivian is building an electric sport utility vehicle (SUV) and pickup truck on a "skateboard" platform that can support future vehicles or be adopted by other companies. These vehicles are designed for both on-road and off-road driving. An electric van is also being built, and all three vehicles are slated to be delivered to customers in 2021.[6][7] The company plans to build an exclusive charging network in the United States and Canada.[8]

Rivian is based in Irvine, California with its manufacturing plant in Normal, Illinois, and other facilities in Palo Alto, California; Carson, California; Plymouth, Michigan; Vancouver, British Columbia, and Woking, England.[3][9]

History

The company was founded in 2009[10][11] by CEO Robert "RJ" Scaringe.[12] After being renamed from Mainstream Motors to Avera Automotive and finally Rivian Automotive,[13][10][11][14][15][excessive citations] the company began focusing on autonomous[10] electric vehicles in 2011.[12][16] Rivian received a large investment and grew significantly in 2015, opening research facilities in Michigan and the Bay Area.[17] Relocating headquarters to Livonia, Michigan, to be closer to key suppliers,[18] Rivian began working exclusively on electric autonomous vehicles, specifically building an "entire ecosystem" of related products.[10] It also began gearing its prototypes towards the "ride-sharing and driverless car markets."[19]

Before pivoting to trucks and SUVs, their first model was intended to be a sports car. The R1 (originally mononymously named Avera) was a mid-engine hybrid coupe with 2+2 seating for the US market, designed by design director Peter Stevens. It used a new modular capsule construction for the body and easily swappable body panels. Production was predicted to start around late 2013 to early 2014, with a potential diesel hybrid version and a racing version called the R1 GT for a Brazilian one-make series. A 4-door sedan and crossover on the platform were also cited as possibilities.[20][21] A hatchback-like prototype was also previewed in 2011, it is unclear of the relation with the R1.[22]

In May 2018, Rivian stated that they had dubbed the upcoming truck with the working name A1T and their SUV with the working name A1C.[23] In November 2018, the truck and SUV were renamed named the R1T and R1S, respectively.[24][non-primary source needed]

A 2011 prototype from Rivian, introduced by Scaringe

By September 2016, Rivian was negotiating to buy a manufacturing plant formerly owned by Mitsubishi Motors in Normal, Illinois.[25][11] In January 2017, Rivian acquired the plant[25][17] and its manufacturing contents for $16 million,[26][11] with the plant to become Rivian's primary North American manufacturing facility.[10] Rivian's acquisition of a near production-ready facility instead of building a new factory[17] has been likened to Tesla's acquisition of the NUMMI plant in California.[26][11]

Rivian employed around 100 people at the end of 2016,[19][18] and that number grew to 160 by August 2017.[18] In December 2017, Rivian reported that its alpha prototypes were complete and undergoing initial testing.[27] Also that month, Rivian revealed its first two products: an electric five-passenger pickup truck and an electric seven-passenger SUV,[28][12][16] provisionally named the A1T and A1C respectively.[29] As both vehicles were unveiled at the LA Auto Show in November 2018,[16][23] production was scheduled to begin in 2020[12] with the truck to launch first.[28] Both vehicles were described as ready for rough terrain and semi-autonomous, and the company outlined a plan for its next generation of models to be fully autonomous.[23]

Rivian had 250 employees at the start of 2018.[12] As of February 2019, Rivian employed 750 people[30] across facilities in Michigan, Illinois, California, and the United Kingdom. Around 50 of those employees were in Normal, putting Rivian ahead of its local job-creation targets.[31][12] In November 2020, Rivian employed 3,000+ persons.[32]

In 2018, Rivian said it intended to license its electric chassis to other manufacturers as a design base for machinery such as cars and other components.[29][33][needs update][needs update]

In late 2020, Rivian planned to begin shipments of the R1T in June 2021.[32] The June 2021 date was slipped to August. By August, vehicle shipments were delayed again, in part due to the global shortage of chips.[34]

In September 2021, Rivian became the first automaker to bring a fully electric pickup to the consumer market, beating industry mainstays such as GM, Ford and Tesla.[35]

Rivian began delivering its first production vehicle, the R1T truck, to customers in October 2021.[36]

In November 2021, Rivian's former sales and marketing vice president Laura Schwab filed a suit against the company, claiming she was fired a month after raising concerns of discrimination and Rivian being a "boys' club" to the company's HR department. Schwab has also indicated that she warned the company executives of their vehicles being underpriced and the manufacturing process not conforming to security standards. According to the lawsuit, both issues were downplayed at first but fixed later.[37]

On November 19, 2021 Ford and Rivian announced the two auto makers no longer plan to co-develop an electric vehicle. Ford announced the company would retain a 12 percent stake in Rivian, which reached a value of more than $10 billion after the IPO.[38]

Vehicles

In 2018, the upcoming truck and SUV were renamed the R1T and R1S, respectively.[24] Designed to be capable off-road, both models have 14 in (360 mm) of ground clearance.[23] The truck was claimed in early testing to be able to accelerate from 0–60 mph (0–97 km/h) in under 3 seconds, wade through 3 ft 7 in (1.1 m) of water and climb a 45 degree incline.[23] The truck has a motor near each of the four wheels, and like some competitors, each wheel can be controlled interdependently.[39] According to Engadget, "the most expensive models will reach around 450 miles [720 km] on a charge and feature the 800HP [600 kW; 810 PS] electric motor Scaringe said would beat Italian supercars."[23] Rivian has said it is designing the vehicles to facilitate "carsharing" with their autonomous features.[27] In addition, Rivian announced the intention to make an electric delivery van in three different sizes, capable of carrying 500, 700, or 900 cubic feet of packages.[40] All three would share their basic electrical and network architecture, ECUs, and battery packs with the Rivian R1 models.[40]

R1T pickup truck

R1T 2021
Main article: Rivian R1T

The R1T all-wheel drive pickup truck entered production in September 2021.[41]

The Rivian R1T features four electric motors, two located on each axle (front and rear). The front two motors produce 415 horsepower and 413 lb-ft of torque while the rear two motors produce 420 horsepower and 495 lb-ft or torque. [42] The result is a Rivian claimed 0–60 MPH time of 3.0 seconds.[43]

The Rivian R1T is offered with three different battery sizes: 105 kWh, 135 kWh, or 180 kWh. [44] The R1T has a projected range of 230 miles with the smallest battery, 314 miles with the medium battery, and over 400 miles with the largest battery. Extra batteries can be mounted in the R1T's bed for improved range. Those backup/auxiliary batteries can be charged by another R1T, if no charging infrastructure is available.[45]

R1S SUV at the 2018 LA Auto Show

R1S sport utility vehicle

The R1S is a sport utility vehicle version of the first Rivian platform. Because of a shared electric chassis, the R1S design aimed, as of 2018, to have 91% shared components with the R1T.[23] The chassis includes braking, suspension, and cooling systems with a battery in the center.[46] Rivian's relatively flat, low center of gravity chassis is a typical electric vehicle skateboard, which enables straightforward modification for different body types.[47][46]

Amazon electric delivery van

A large order of 100,000 delivery van vehicles by Amazon was announced in 2019 with plans to build the first vehicles in 2021.[48] As of 2019, Amazon expected to have as many as 10,000 electric vans in operation by 2022, but was not planning to take delivery of the entire 100,000 Rivian vans the contract calls for until 2030.[49]

The van is slated to be built in three sizes, carrying 14 m3 (500 cu ft), 20 m3 (700 cu ft) or 25 m3 (900 cu ft) of packages, each with the same stand-up interior height, but with a narrower smallest model. All of the vans will be built on the same platform—basic electrical and network architecture, ECUs, and battery-pack design—as the Rivian R1 models, and will use a basic single-motor e-axle drive unit that Rivian will also use on a future entry-level Rivian R1 product. The van is to be produced exclusively for Amazon, and will be built with a steel chassis on a "low-feature-content" assembly line to keep costs down. The van is explicitly designed to allow Amazon to reduce costs and shrink its carbon footprint.[50]

A 150-mile (240 km) prototype for the Amazon electric delivery van was tested on public roads in early 2021, beginning in Los Angeles,[51] and San Francisco,[52] adding Denver by April 2021,[53] with plans to test in 16 US cities in different climate zones. Tests in Oklahoma and Michigan were underway by July 2021.[52] Amazon expects to have 10,000 of the electric delivery vans on the road by the end of 2022.[53]

EV charging

In March 2021, Rivian announced ambitious plans to develop a network of public charging stations by 2023. Similar to competitor Tesla, they plan to offer a combination of fast chargers and slower destination chargers, and also sell home chargers.[54] The target is for 600 Rivian-only Adventure Network sites with 3,500 DC fast chargers at high-traffic locations; 200 kW will be the initial charging speed, with an eventual target of 300 kW.[55]

The company is also planning 10,000 destination chargers (Level 2, 11.5 kW)—called "Rivian Waypoints"—at retail, lodging, dining businesses, as well as parks and other locations; Waypoint chargers are designed to be usable by all EVs with a J1772 connector.[56] Starting July 2021, Rivian planned to install, at no cost to the government, two Rivian Waypoint chargers at up to 50 Colorado State Parks and state recreation areas.[57][58][59] However, by October, none had yet been installed, as the contract was still making its way through state government bureaucracy, with first installations expected in early 2022, with urban sites likely being the first.[60]

In July 2021, Rivian and the state of Tennessee announced plans to install Waypoint chargers at all 56 Tennessee State Parks, saying that "Rivian will begin site surveys and engineering over the summer, with installation beginning as early as fall 2021".[61][62] The first site, Radnor Lake State Park, was unveiled on October 1.[63]

Facilities

First Rivian R1T rolls off the Normal, Illinois assembly line, September 2021.

As of 2020, the company had four primary locations. Its headquarters in Irvine, California, is dedicated to vehicle engineering, and design, propulsion and battery system development and commercial functions. Rivian's location in Plymouth, Michigan, is dedicated to focuses on vehicle engineering, prototyping, supply chain, and accounting. A facility in Palo Alto, California, develops self-driving technology and data.[64][12] The 2.6-million-square-foot (240,000 m2) factory in Normal, Illinois,[11][10][65] manufactures[64] vehicle components such as battery packs.[16] The Normal plant has a paint shop, robotics, stamping machines, and other production equipment,[26][11] such as injection molding.[65] The company has additional office locations in Carson, California, and in Woking, England designated[when?] for electric power conversion and advanced engineering, respectively.[3][non-primary source needed] [9]

In October 2021, Rivian made public plans to grow the facility with a 623,000 sq ft (57,900 m2) addition to be built on the west side of the existing facility, in a third amendment to the facility's site plan, which if built would bring the total Rivian facility size to 3,900,000 sq ft (360,000 m2).[66]

Finances

The company went public with an initial public offering with the symbol RIVN on the Nasdaq on November 10, 2021. While initial price targets were in the $58-62 range, the actual offering price was $78. On its first trading day, the stock closed at $100.73/share with a market value of just under $100 billion.[67] At that value, it was worth more than GM or Ford and behind only Tesla in terms of the market cap of automakers.

Earlier in 2021, Bloomberg had estimated the company's value at nearly $28 billion.[7]

Funding

As of August 2021, Rivian has raised a total of approximately US$11 billion in funding to date.[68] From initial seed stage capital invested by CEO Scaringe in 2009[69] other investments in 2012[70] and a Sumitomo Bank investment in 2017,[12] major investments to support the completion of development of the Rivian electric line of vehicles and build out to support production arrived in 2019–2021.

In January 2017, at the time the company acquired the former Mitsubishi plant in Normal, Rivian received a $1 million grant and a five-year tax abatement from Normal contingent on meeting certain employment targets and investing $40.5 million over five years.[10] Rivian also received $49.5 million in tax credits from the Illinois state government;[26] these credits are also contingent upon meeting employment targets and investing at least $175 million into the site by 2024.[11]

Sumitomo Corporation made a "strategic investment" in Rivian in December 2017,[12][27][28]

In May 2018, Rivian received $200 million in debt financing from Standard Chartered Bank,[16] bringing total raised funds to upwards of $450 million.[28] Other investors at the time included Abdul Latif Jameel.[16][71]

In February 2019, Amazon announced it would be leading an investment round of $700 million into Rivian. The round included participation from existing shareholders as well.[72] In April 2019, Ford Motor Company invested $500 million.[73] As of June 2019 the company employed over 1,000 people.[74][non-primary source needed] As a result of the fallout surrounding the 2020 Covid-19 health crisis, Ford terminated the Rivian contract.[75] Ford later announced it ended its collaborative efforts with Rivian, having already canceled the planned luxury brand and subsequently stopping collaboration on a new electric vehicle model. However, Ford still holds a stake in Rivian, valued at over $10 billion as of November 2021.[76]

In September 2019, Cox Automotive invested $350 million into Rivian, bringing the total raised in 2019 to $1.5 billion. Rivian remains independent, but Cox Automotive plans to add a representative to Rivian's board as part of the investment.[77]

Later that month, Amazon ordered 100,000 electric delivery vans from Rivian, as part of its plan to convert its delivery fleet to 100% renewable energy by 2030.[78]

Rivian raised capital of US$2.85 billion during 2019, through four major investments, including a US$500 million investment by Ford in April,[73] which "plans to use the Rivian Skateboard for a new battery electric vehicle," and US$1.3 billion investment round led by T Rowe Price announced in December to get the R1T truck and R1S SUV into production by late 2020.[47] In January 2021, Rivian raised $2.65 billion in another investment round led by T Rowe Price.[79]

In August 2021, Rivian filed for an initial public offering, seeking a valuation as high as US$80 billion.[80]

In October 2021, Amazon stated that it owned a 20% stake in the company.[81] The company purchased another $200 million worth of shares in November, raising its total stake to 22%.[82]

Abdul Latif Jameel, a Saudi Arabia-based group, holds almost 114 million shares in Rivian acquired through $303 million of loans made to the company.[83]

Collaborations

On 20 December 2018, professional rock climber Alex Honnold announced his partnership with Rivian as a brand partner and collaborator.[84][85] During a live stream on 15 June 2019, Rivian announced plans to collaborate with the Honnold Foundation and nonprofit Casa Pueblo on a solar project aiming to establish a microgrid in Adjuntas, Puerto Rico, a city that was severely affected by Hurricane Maria in 2017.[86][87][88] Rivian plans to repurpose used battery packs from its development vehicles into stationary energy storage units.[87][88] The microgrid is intended to grant residents access to electricity for core business and will be used daily to mitigate the high cost of energy in Puerto Rico, which is twice the U.S. national average.[87] The project was expected to launch in 2020.[87]

In 2019, Rivian partnered with Ewan McGregor and Charley Boorman to provide the first ever production pickups (VIN 000001 and 000002) for use as logistics vehicles and camera cars for Long Way Up. They also set up 240 level 2 and 3 charging stations, at 140 locations, along the route from Tierra del Fuego to Los Angeles.[89]

See also

References

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