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This article is about the town in Surrey. For other uses, see Woking (disambiguation).
Not to be confused with Wokingham.

Borough of Woking
Non-metropolitan district, borough
Official logo of Borough of Woking
Motto(s): 
Fide et Diligentia
(Latin: In faith and diligence)
Woking shown within Surrey
Woking shown within Surrey
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
Constituent countryEngland
RegionSouth East England
Non-metropolitan countySurrey
StatusNon-metropolitan district
Admin HQWoking
Incorporated1 April 1974
Government
 • TypeNon-metropolitan district council
 • BodyWoking Borough Council
 • LeadershipLeader & Cabinet
 • MPsJonathan Lord
Area
 • Total24.6 sq mi (63.6 km2)
 • Rank232nd (of 296)
Population
 (2022)
 • Total104,179
 • Rank228th (of 296)
 • Density4,200/sq mi (1,600/km2)
 • Ethnicity[1]
91.3% White
6.3% S.Asian
1.7% Mixed
1.1% Black British
1.4% Chinese or Other
Time zoneUTC0 (GMT)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+1 (BST)
ONS code43UM (ONS)
E07000217 (GSS)
OS grid referenceTQ0040358550
Websitewww.woking.gov.uk

Woking (/ˈwoʊkɪŋ/ WOH-king) is a town and borough in northwest Surrey, England. It is at the southwestern edge of the Greater London Urban Area and is a part of the London commuter belt, with frequent trains and a journey time of approximately 24 minutes to Waterloo station.[2] Woking is 23 miles (37 km) southwest of Charing Cross in central London. The borough of Woking had a population of 104,179 in 2019.

History

Further information: History of Woking
The ruins of Woking Palace

Though Woking's earliest written appearance is in the Domesday Book, it is mentioned as the site of a monastery in an 8th-century context, as Wochingas.[3] In the Domesday Book it appears as Wochinges, being held in 1086 by King William the Conqueror, Walter FitzOther, Constable of Windsor Castle, and Ansgot and Godfrey from Osbern FitzOsbern, then bishop of Exeter.[4]

Modern Woking was formed in the area to the south of the Basingstoke Canal (opened in 1794) around the railway station, built in 1838 at the junction between the lines to London, the south coast, and the southwest of England, and the private railway to Brookwood Cemetery, which was developed by the London Necropolis Company as an overflow burial ground for London's dead. As a result, the original settlement 1 mile to the southeast, on the River Wey, became known as "Old Woking". Later, Woking Crematorium at St John's became the first crematorium in the United Kingdom.[5]

Shah Jahan Mosque, the oldest in England

The borough's forebear was formed in 1895 — an urban district under the Local Government Act 1894. The precursor administrative areas were parishes run by vestries, which gradually ceded power after 1895:

This area was centred radically north of Woking Hundred; the other three parishes lay in Godley Hundred.[7]

The first purpose-built mosque in the UK, the Shah Jahan Mosque on Oriental Road, was commissioned by Shahjehan, Begum of Bhopal (1868–1901), one of the four female Muslim rulers of Bhopal who reigned between 1819 and 1926.[8]

The Martinsyde aircraft company operated a major aircraft factory in the town during World War I and used nearby Brooklands Aerodrome for test flying and deliveries, but it was closed in the mid-1920s. This site was then the home of the engineering firm James Walker & Company for many years. Known as 'The Lion Works', this area was finally redeveloped in the 1990s into today's Lion Retail Park.[9]

The present borough was established in 1974 under the Local Government Act 1972, and is one of two districts in Surrey to retain the boundaries of a single former urban district, the other being Epsom and Ewell.

Hoe Valley Scheme

This was a £40 million project to take hundreds of Woking homes away from the flood plain of the Hoe Stream. It has also provided new community facilities and roads. Woking Borough Council had been planning this scheme, which was approved in September 2010, for over 20 years. It was being run in conjunction with the Environment Agency.[10]

The Council has received finance from: the Public Works Loan Board; a number of grants, including £3.7 million from the Environment Agency; proceeds from the sale of new homes and of other assets. The Council expected the scheme to be fully funded by 2014 with no ongoing costs incurred by the Council. The scheme was completed on schedule in 2012.[11]

Geography

Woking postal area has several villages, including: Knaphill, Horsell, Hook Heath, Mount Hermon, Barnsbury, Maybury, Sheerwater, Goldsworth Park, St John's, Pyrford, Kingfield, Westfield and Ridgway, some being contiguous which can be described now as suburbs. Further villages are: Old Woking traditionally a separate village with its own large conservation area[9][12] verging towards the Wey, Mayford; Bisley and Sutton Green to the south nearer the border between Woking and Guildford and West Byfleet to the east is a post town with Byfleet and adjoins to the north-east.

This is the only district of Surrey which does not border another county; the nearest is Berkshire, northwest of the relatively narrow shape of Surrey Heath, which is another district.

Woking Borough Council's head offices — named the Civic Offices — are in the centre of the town, just outside the town square.[13]

Suburbs

Very large white gabled house
Unable to find an agent for the sale of their surplus land at Hook Heath, the London Necropolis Company themselves developed the area into a prosperous suburb of large detached houses.

The Barnsbury Estate is a housing estate of approximately 400 households.[14] Begun in 1936, it is a self-contained estate of bungalows, housing and flats mostly built in the 1950s along with several small shops. Barnsbury is bordered by the Hoe Valley south of Woking straddling the A320.

As part of Woking's proposed Priority Homes PFI submission, back gardens of a significant number of houses were at risk of development.[15] From January to September 2007, this resulted in an extensive community engagement to see if and how these back gardens could be used for development.[14][16] The scheme was eventually cancelled.[17]

Barnsbury also has a primary school. Most of Barnsbury's students now attend the newly built Hoe Valley School for their secondary education.

In the 1800s, the London Necropolis Company acquired land here on a prospective basis but built Brookwood Cemetery instead; no suitable agent of could be found to oversee the sale of the third portion of excess land at Hook Heath and as a consequence Cyril Tubbs ensured its retention and oversaw its development himself. The London Necropolis society decided to take action. Over the 1890s the site was subdivided into plots for large detached houses, and a golf course was built to attract residents and visitors.[18][note 1] The LNC redeveloped its lands at Hook Heath into housing and a golf course, creating a new suburb of Woking and providing a steady income from rentals.

At the 2001 Census, the population of the borough was 88,125, over 70% of whom (62,796) lived in the town itself. The rest of the borough is divided into five villages/suburbs with a modest semi-rural hinterland (which includes some of Surrey's 141 golf courses as at 2013):[21]

Byfleet constituted a civil parish in the borough (that excluded West Byfleet). This was abolished on 1 April 2010.[23] The rest of the borough is also unparished.

Geology

The strata on which the borough sits were deposited in the Cenozoic. The sandy Bagshot Beds are the main outcrop around the town and to the north.[24] In the west of the borough, around Knaphill and Brookwood, are the younger Bracklesham Beds.[25] The Bracklesham Beds have a higher clay content than the Bagshot Beds, and brickmaking has historically taken place at Knaphill.[26][note 2] The River Wey, which follows the eastern boundary of the borough, primarily runs across alluvium[27] and the settlements of Old Woking and West Byfleet are built on river gravels.[28]

Climate

Woking, along with the majority of the British Isles experiences a maritime climate, characterised by cool summers and mild winters. The nearest weather station for which data is readily available is Wisley, approximately 6 km east of Woking. Temperature extremes recorded in the area range from 37.8 °C (100.0 °F) during August 2003[29] down to −15.1 °C (4.8 °F) during January 1982.[30] The weather station also held the UK July record high of 36.5 °C (97.7 °F) from 2006 until 2015.[31]

Governance

The constituency of Woking has historically been a Conservative safe seat, with the Liberal Democrats being the principal opposition in the last five general elections. Its current Member of Parliament is Jonathan Lord.

Elections to the borough council take place in three out of every four years, with one-third elected in each election. The election in 2011 gave the Conservatives an overall majority of seats for the first time in 20 years.[32]

As of April 2022, the current Mayor of the borough is councillor Liam Lyons.[33] In 2010 the council elected councillor Mohammed Iqbal as the first Asian Mayor of Woking.[34]

The Woking Civic Offices were opened by the Duke of Gloucester in 1983.[35]

Elections

Main article: Woking Borough Council elections

Elections to the council are held in three out of every four years, with one third of the 30 seats on the council being elected at each election. The elections are normally battled out between the Conservative Party and the Liberal Democrats. From the 1998 election to 2007 no party had a majority on the council, but in the 2007 election the Conservative party won a majority.[36] Since then until 2009, the Conservatives had 19 seats on the council compared to 17 for the Liberal Democrats.[37] Following the resignation of councillor Peter Ankers from the Conservatives to sit as an independent in 2009[38] the Conservatives continued in administration as the largest Party with 18 seats but with no overall control. At the 2011 election 20 Conservative and 16 Liberal Democrats were elected giving the Conservatives an overall majority once again.[39] In the 2012 election the Conservatives took a further seat from the Liberal Democrats, giving them 21 seats to the Liberal Democrats 15.

At the 2018 election, the Liberal Democrats gained one councillor at the expense of the Conservatives. This gave the Conservatives a majority of 2 on the Council. However, a Conservative councillor defected to the Liberal Democrats just prior to the 2019 election, putting the council in to No Overall Control.[40] The council remained in No Overall Control after the election with the Conservatives dropping to 14 out of 30 seats but still forming a minority administration. The Liberal Democrats gained majority control of the council in May 2022.[41]

Political party Council members
2022[41]
Liberal Democrat 16
16 / 30
Conservative 8
8 / 30
Labour 3
3 / 30
Independent 3
3 / 30

Twin towns

Woking is twinned with: Amstelveen, Netherlands (since 1989);[42] Le Plessis-Robinson, France (since 1993); Rastatt, Germany (since 2001).[43][44] In December 2014, the borough council announced that it would establish a task group to explore potential twinning opportunities with towns in Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa.[45]

Demography

2001 United Kingdom census[46]
Country of birth Population
United Kingdom 77,577
Pakistan 1,748
Republic of Ireland 925
Italy 737
South Africa 709
India 686
Netherlands 601
Germany 590
United States 576
Australia 326

Ethnic groups

Woking is a multicultural town, according to the Office for National Statistics, based on 2004 estimates, 89.5 per cent of the 62,796 inhabitants of Woking were white, with 84.15 per cent White British, 1.37 per cent White Irish and 5.76 per cent classified as Other White. Some 6.5 per cent are of South Asian descent, with Pakistanis making up 5.3 per cent of Woking's population (compared to 0.73 and 1.44 for the South East and the UK respectively), followed by Indians at 1.2 per cent. 0.50 per cent of Woking's population are Black which compares with 2.3 per cent nationally. 1.37 per cent of Woking residents are of mixed race, leaving 2.0 per cent belonging to other ethnic groups.[47]

There has long been a large tightly knit Italian community in Woking, most of whom originated from the Sicilian town of Mussomeli.[48] The majority of the original arrivals worked in the Britax factory in Byfleet. Others worked on the mushroom farms in Chobham or for the James Walker company. Many started their own landscaping or ice cream businesses. St Dunstan's Catholic Church in Woking holds masses in Italian. The Italian population in Woking, including second and third generation members, number between two and three thousand.[49] There is a large Pakistani population in Woking, centred on the suburbs of Maybury and Sheerwater,[50] near the Shah Jahan Mosque. This partly originates from workers at the then nearby Sorbo Rubber factory.[citation needed] Recently there has been an influx of eastern European immigrants, mostly from Poland.[51]

Public services

Utilities

Woking Gas and Water Company began supplying the growing town with drinking water in 1883.[52] The supply was pumped from a 40 m deep (130 ft) borehole at West Horsley,[53] allowing the villages to the south of the town to be fed from the same supply. Horsell and Pyrford were connected to the Woking mains by 1895 and, in 1900, the South West Suburban Water Company started to supply Byfleet.[54] The water companies serving the borough merged with their neighbours in 1973 to form the North Surrey Water Company, which became part of Veolia Water UK in October 2000. Following a further changes of name in 2009 and 2012, Veolia Water UK is now known as Affinity Water.[55][56]

As Woking grew in the second half of the 19th century, much of its wastewater was stored in cesspools, emptied into ditches, or discharged into the street. The sewage works at Woking Park Farm, Carters Lane were opened in December 1896.[52][57] Sewers had been laid to the majority of the town centre by 1899 and to Horsell by 1907. A separate sewage works was created at Wisley to serve Byfleet, West Byfleet and parts of Pyrford.[57]

The public gasworks for Woking opened in Boundary Road in 1892[52] and, until 1936, the coal required was supplied via the Basingstoke Canal.[58][59] Gas mains were laid to Horsell in 1897 and West Byfleet in 1899,[60] and, from 1929, additional gas was supplied from Leatherhead via a connection at Effingham Junction[61] By December 1935, the Woking District Gas Company had laid around 120 mi (190 km) of gas mains and was supplying over 9000 customers in a 52 sq mi (130 km2) area.[62] The Wandsworth and District Gas Company acquired a controlling stake in the Woking company in 1936.[63]

Woking Electric Supply Company was founded in 1889 and opened its power station in Board School Road the same year.[52][64] Initially the generator only ran in the hours of darkness and there were only 180 connected properties by 1895. Electric streetlights were installed in Woking in 1893, but in 1902 they were replaced by gas lamps. Electric street lighting was reinstalled in the town in 1931.[52] Under the Electricity (Supply) Act 1926, Woking was connected to the National Grid, initially to a 33 kV supply ring, which linked the town to Guildford, Godalming, Hindhead and Aldershot. In 1932, a 132 kW substation was installed at West Byfleet, which connected the Woking ring to Luton and Wimbledon.[65] The Board School Road power station closed in 1959, by which time it had an installed capacity of 7000 kW.[64]

Since the mid-1990s, the borough council has commissioned a series of renewable energy installations to generate heat and electricity to power local homes and offices. Operated by the council-owned subsidiary, ThamesWey, the scheme includes combined heat and power plants, photovoltaic arrays and a 200 kW hydrogen fuel cell at Woking Park.[66][67] The council aims to generate 15% of the electricity used in the borough from photovoltaics by 2032 and to increase the installed capacity of renewable energy generators to 11 MW by 2030.[68][note 3]

Emergency services and justice

The first fire brigade in the borough was formed in Byfleet in the mid-1880s.[70] In October 1895, the brigade in Woking was formed and was initially equipped with a hand cart, ladders and leather hoses. The first Woking fire engine, a horse-drawn waggon with a steam-powered pump, was purchased by the UDC in 1899. It was replaced in 1919 with a diesel fire engine with telescopic ladders. A second engine was added in 1925.[71] In September 1939, the Woking and Byfleet brigades were merged with others serving nearby towns into a single, combined force covering the whole of Surrey.[70]

In 2022, the fire authority for Woking is Surrey County Council and the statutory fire service is Surrey Fire and Rescue Service.[72] Ambulance services are run by the South East Coast Ambulance Service.[73]

Surrey Police is responsible for policing in the borough.[74] Since January 2020, the force has operated a front counter at the Civic Offices in the town centre.[75] The police station, opened in 1990 in the former boys' grammar school in Station Approach,[76] is due to close in around 2029.[77]

Healthcare

Brookwood Hospital was founded in 1867 as the psychiatric hospital for west Surrey on land purchased from the London Necropolis Company.[78][79] By 1875, there were 675 patients undergoing treatment, but numbers had grown to 1,477 by 1931.[79] During the second world war it served as an emergency war hospital[80] and became part of the NHS in 1948.[78] Brookwood Hospital closed in 1994, the majority of the buildings were demolished and the site was used for commercial and residential development.[78][79]

The first general hospital in Woking was a voluntary hospital opened in Bath Road in 1893. It was followed by the 13-bed Victoria Cottage Hospital on the corner of Boundary Lane and Chobham Road. The hospital was extended several times and, by the start of the second world war, its capacity had increased to 100 in-patient beds.[81] In 1933, Woking UDC and neighbouring councils began to develop plans to concentrate health services at what would become St Peter's Hospital, Chertsey. Nevertheless, the Victoria Hospital continued to provide non-emergency medical services in the town until its closure in 1993.[82]

Woking Community Hospital, on Heathside Road, offers a walk-in centre for patients with minor injuries and an in-patient rehabilitation ward. The Bradley Unit is a specialist facility for those recovering from brain injuries.[83] The Bedser Hub, opened in March 2016, was funded by a legacy from Sir Alec Bedser and provides support to enable older people to remain independent and active.[84] In 2022, the nearest hospitals with an A&E department are St Peter's Hospital, Chertsey, Royal Surrey County Hospital and Frimley Park Hospital.[85]

Religion

Religion in Woking[47]
Religion Percent
Christian
 
 69.5%
No religion
 
 15.2%
Religion not stated
 
 6.9%
Muslim
 
 6.7%
Other
 
 1.6%
St Mary's Church, Horsell
Main article: List of places of worship in Woking (borough)

The town has many churches including St Mary's Church in Horsell. St. Peter's, in Old Woking has the oldest door in Surrey. It is likely that it is the third oldest door in the British Isles after being dated by dendrochronology.[citation needed] Woking has an Islamic presence, with the Shah Jahan Mosque east of the town centre. Constructed in 1889 by Gottlieb Wilhelm Leitner, it is the first purpose-built mosque in the UK, and the first mosque built in Northern Europe.[86] It is built in Bath and Bargate stone in indo-saracenic style commissioned by Shah Jahan, Begum of Bhopal (1868–1901), it has been maintained since then as a Waqf.

Economy

Woking has a modern and successful economy. The local working population is characterised by educational attainment levels well above the UK average. The number of jobs in the borough in the managerial, professional and technical sectors is around 50%, 7% above the UK average. Local Employment is largely in the private sector - Woking is one of the districts in the UK least reliant on Public Sector employment.

The largest employer in Woking is the McLaren Group. The group is responsible for both McLaren Racing, which fields the McLaren Formula One racing cars (currently driven by Daniel Ricciardo and Lando Norris); and McLaren Automotive, builder of the classic McLaren F1 and Mercedes-Benz SLR McLaren supercars, and now manufacturing many different high-performance sports cars.[87] During 2010 and 2011, the McLaren technology centre received a £50million extension, which was opened by David Cameron.[88]

Companies with global headquarters in Woking include chemical and assembly materials company Alent plc, the UK and Ireland subsidiary of Asahi Breweries, and Ambassador Theatre Group, a major international theatre organisation. Until it was acquired by Anheuser-Busch InBev with its corporate HQ in Leuven, Belgium, the corporate HQ of multi-national SABMiller was in Woking. Asahi's presence in Woking is attributed to its taking over of some of SABMiller's former brands.[89]

Woking railway station is one of the busiest commuter stations in the London commuter belt, and Woking's position along the M25 motorway facilitates commuting both into London and throughout the Home Counties.

There is a large concentration of office accommodation in Woking town centre. Employers from the IT, FMCG, Engineering Services and Charities sectors are particularly well represented and provide a large number of highly skilled jobs. Significant local employers include Fidessa, Capgemini, Petrofac, John Wood, and WWF UK.

Community facilities

Woking has a modern shopping centre called The Peacocks and an older shopping area, Wolsey Place. The Peacocks Centre underwent development work in 2010 to add a new façade in the town square. An extension was added that consisted of adding glass with coloured lights that change in sequence.[90] The Peacocks and Wolsey Place have, at present, been joined by means of a covered walkway to complement the town centre's redevelopment. In commemoration of the Queen's Diamond Jubilee, the town square has been renamed "Jubilee Square".

The main area for evening entertainment is around Chertsey Road which contains restaurants serving a number of cuisines such as Indian and Chinese. There are also numerous bars and pubs along Chertsey Road as well as several nightclubs around the area.

Woking has the largest public library in Surrey[citation needed] and is home to the Surrey History Centre, which holds archives and records about the county.

Landmarks

The tallest buildings in Woking are Victoria Square Tower 1 and Tower 2 at 104 m (341 ft) and 98 m (322 ft) respectively.[91] Export House, the previous title holder, is known locally as 'The BAT Building' (Pronounced 'B-A-T'), from the initials of its first tenant, British American Tobacco.[92] It is 73 metres (240 ft) tall,[93] and has peregrine falcons nesting on top.[92]

Historical monument

Monument Road runs from the far end of Maybury Road to the Addlestone Road, and lies just inside the Woking side of the Woking-Sheerwater boundary. It is commonly thought to be so named because of the Muslim Burial Ground established for Muslim Indian soldiers who died in the service of the British Empire in the First World War of 1914–1918. The cemetery no longer contains graves, the corpses having been interred in the cemetery close to the mosque, however the walls, entrance and corner towers of the cemetery still remain intact, and they bear a clearly oriental Indian style. It is set well back from the road and remained hidden until surrounding woods and shrubbery were pruned and thinned.

Monument Way is probably a reference to a much earlier structure in the area that was destroyed by natural causes in the mid-1800s:

"Early in the 17th century Sir Edward Zouch obtained the Manor of Woking and gained permission to demolish the old palace site. He used some of the material to build a new house – Hoe Place (now a private school) – with some of the Tudor bricks apparently being used in buildings such as The Old House in OLD WOKING and 'The Monument' – a tower that once stood on the hill where the Hoe Bridge Golf Course is today. It was Sir Edward's grandson, Sir James Zouch, who obtained the Market Charter for Woking in 1661, with the Market House (opposite the entrance to Church Street) being built in 1665."[94]

Transport

Rail

Woking railway station, (south, platform 5, side)

Woking railway station is on the Alton, Portsmouth, South West and West of England Main Line. There are frequent trains to and from London Waterloo, a journey taking approximately 25–30 minutes. There is also a twice hourly Waterloo to Woking all stations service.

Gatwick Airport can be accessed via Guildford or Clapham Junction. Heathrow Airport has no direct train services from the south west of England, so a RailAir coach service operates between Woking and Heathrow.

A canopy costing £2.8 million was built between the station and the main shopping area of the town. It was approximately 34 metres (112 ft) in length and 22.5 metres (74 ft) in width, stretching from the railway station entrance (town, platform 1, side) to Albion House. The project included landscaping and the provision of a new way to the town from the railway station.[95] This canopy has since been removed.

The Rail Accident Investigation Branch formerly had one of its two operational centres in Woking.[96]

Roads

Woking is accessible from the M25 motorway (junction 11), the M3 motorway (junction 3) and the A3.

The main access road is the A320 between Guildford and Staines, which passes through the town centre and connects to the M25 to the north near St Peter's Hospital, close to its M3 junction, and to the A3 to the south at Guildford; further roads connect the west and east parts of the borough respectively to the M3 and A3.

Bus and coach

A RailAir coach service is run by National Express, connecting Woking railway station and Heathrow Airport, in the absence of a direct train link to Heathrow.[97] The bus services in Woking are mainly operated by Arriva Southern Counties, Falcon Coaches, Stagecoach South and White Bus Services.[98]

Canal

Main article: Basingstoke Canal

The Basingstoke Canal, completed in 1794, passes through the north of the town and is crossed by several footbridges and road bridges. The canal underwent restoration in the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s with the restoration completed on 10 May 1991.[citation needed]

River and navigation

Main articles: River Wey and Wey and Godalming Navigations

The River Wey and Wey Navigation run through the Borough of Woking.

Education

Primary schools

Infant and junior schools in the area include Barnsbury Primary School, Beaufort Primary School, Bisley C of E (Aided) Primary School, Broadmere Primary School, Goldsworth Primary School, Greenfield School, Hoe Bridge School, Horsell C of E (Aided) Junior School, Horsell Village School, ISL Surrey, Kingfield School, Knaphill Junior School, Knaphill Lower School, Maybury Primary School, New Monument Primary, Pyrford C of E (Aided) Primary School, St Dunstan's Catholic Primary School, St Hugh of Lincoln Catholic Primary School, St John's Primary School, St. Andrew's School, Sythwood Primary School, The Hermitage Junior School, The Oaktree School and Westfield Primary School.

Secondary schools

Secondary schools in the area include: Hoe Valley School, Bishop David Brown School, Gordon's School, St John the Baptist School, The Winston Churchill School, Woking High School and Fullbrook School.

Other schools

Woking College is in Old Woking and provides post-16 education. There are also Private (Independent) Schools.

The Surrey campus of the International School of London is in Woking.[99] This is an independent school for local and international boys and girls aged 2–11. There are several private preparatory schools in Woking: Hoe Bridge, St Andrew's, Greenfield, Oakfield School and Ripley Court are all mixed, while Halstead School is girls only.

Woking used to be home to the Oriental Institute until 1899.

Culture

Literature

The Woking Martian sculpture

Much of the The War of the Worlds by H. G. Wells is set in the Woking area. The author wrote much of the novel between 1895 and 1898, when he lived in Maybury Road.[100] During the early part of the story, a Martian cylinder lands on Horsell Common.[101][102] Briarbrae, the Woking home of a Foreign Office employee, Mr. Percy Phelps, is a key setting in Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's 1892 Sherlock Holmes short story "The Adventure of the Naval Treaty". Douglas Adams defined 'Woking' in The Deeper Meaning of Liff as: "Standing in the kitchen wondering what you came in here for".

Music

The song "Town Called Malice" by The Jam describes the experiences of songwriter, Paul Weller, growing up in Woking. The song reached No. 1 in the UK Charts.[103]

Public art

See also: List of public art in Surrey § Woking
The Wanderer, by Sean Henry, in Albion Square

Among the works of public art in the town are a series of five polychrome statues by Woking-born sculptor Sean Henry. Initially the sculptures were intended to be displayed on a short-term basis as part of an art train, but in November 2017 the borough council announced it had agreed to buy the statues and display them in the town on a permanent basis.[104] At either end of the Bedser Bridge over the canal, there are statues of cricketing brothers, Sir Alec and Eric Bedser by Allan Sly. Sir Alec is shown bowling on the south bank and Eric batting on the north bank.[105][106] The Winning Shot by Christine Charlesworth, depicts the wheelchair basketball player, Ade Adepitan and celebrates the London 2012 Paralympic Games.[107]

Television

Parts of the 2014 BBC miniseries The 7.39 were filmed in Woking.[108]

The Lightbox

The Lightbox

The Lightbox, adjacent to the Basingstoke Canal in the centre of Woking, was opened to the public in 2007.[109] The arts and heritage centre was designed by the architects' firm, Marks Barfield, and includes a permanent museum of local history.[110][111] It hosts temporary exhibitions of works by local and international artists and the first Woking Literary Festival took place at the venue in 2017.[109]

Theatre and cinema

Until the early 1970s, Christ Church Hall was the only performing arts venue in Woking. It was demolished and replaced with the first purpose-built theatre, the Rhoda McGaw Theatre, which opened in 1975. It too was demolished and replaced by the Ambassadors Theatre Complex, which opened in 1992.[112] The complex houses two theatres, the 1,300-seat New Victoria Theatre and a 230-seat studio theatre, also named the Rhoda McGaw Theatre.[113] The Ambassadors Cinema, also accessed via the top floor of The Peacocks, closed in 2019[114] and re-opened as Nova Cinema in May 2021. It has seven screens, including a luxury screen.[115]

Sport

Football

Kingfield Stadium, the home ground of Woking FC

Woking F.C. competes in the National League (tier 5) for the 2021/22 season. The Borough also supports three clubs playing in the lower echelons of the non-league football system, including Westfield FC, Sheerwater FC and Knaphill FC.

Hockey

Woking Hockey Club women's first XI compete in the English Hockey League Women's League 1 (tier 2); the men's first XI compete in a regional league. The club has two AstroTurf pitches next to a clubhouse based in Goldsworth Park.

Cricket

Woking also has a number of cricket clubs including Old Woking CC, Woking & Horsell CC, and Westfield CC.

It is also home to Pyrford Cricket Club. Founded in 1858, Pyrford is one of the oldest cricket clubs in Surrey.[citation needed]

Swimming

Woking also has a successful competitive swimming club based at Pool in the Park, in Woking Park.[116]

Rugby

Woking is home to Chobham Rugby Club.

Media

Woking is served by two local newspapers: the Woking News and Mail, and the Woking Advertiser. It also has a community radio station: Radio Woking.

Freedom of the Borough

The following people and military units have received the Freedom of the Borough of Woking.

Individuals

[117]

Military Units

Notable people

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.
Image Name Residence Period Notes
— Michael Axworthy - Academic, historian and commentator with special interest in Iran [119]
Lady Margaret Beaufort
Lady Margaret Beaufort
 Lady Margaret Beaufort – Mother of King Henry VII, lived in Woking Palace for 5 years [120]
— Sir Alec Bedser – Surrey County and England Cricketer [120]
— Eric Bedser – Surrey County Cricketer [120]
— Richard Benson – Singer and guitarist born at Woking
— Martin Birch – Rock music producer/engineer for Deep Purple, Black Sabbath, Iron Maiden (1948) [120]
— Rick Buckler – drummer with The Jam, (1955) [120]
James Cracknell
James Cracknell
 James Cracknell – Olympic rower, from Pyrford [120]
Claire Darke
Claire Darke
 Claire Darke – The 161st Mayor of Wolverhampton, grew up in Woking
Peter Davison
Peter Davison
 Peter Davison – actor, former lead in Doctor Who attended The Winston Churchill School (Woking) [120]
Ron Dennis
Ron Dennis
 Ron Dennis – CEO/Chairman of the McLaren Group [120]
Susie Dent
Susie Dent
 Susie Dent – a lexicographer and the dictionary expert on Countdown [121]
Ben Charles Edwards
Ben Charles Edwards
 Ben Charles Edwards – photographer/filmmaker [122]
Bruce Foxton
Bruce Foxton
 Bruce Foxton – bass player with The Jam, (1955) [120]
John Paul Getty
John Paul Getty
 John Paul Getty – Lived in Sutton Green [120]
Robert Freke Gould
Robert Freke Gould
 Robert Freke Gould Soldier, barrister and historian of Freemasonry [123]
— Derek Griffiths – children's entertainer, born in Woking [120]
Lady Emma Hamilton
Lady Emma Hamilton
 Lady Emma Hamilton – lover of Horatio Nelson. Hamilton lived in Pyrford [120]
Harry Hill
Harry Hill
 Harry Hill – comedian, was born in Woking (1964) [120]
— Bob Hiller – former England international rugby union player, was born in Woking (1942) [124]
— Brian Hooper – Olympic pole vaulter [120]
Chris Ingram
Chris Ingram
 Chris Ingram Businessman, Entrepreneur and Former Chairman of Woking F.C.
Albert Jack
Albert Jack
 Albert Jack Bestselling author from Winston Churchill School
Kazuo Ishiguro
Kazuo Ishiguro
 Kazuo Ishiguro – novelist [120]
Adelina de Lara
Adelina de Lara
 Adelina de Lara – concert pianist, lived and worked in Woking. [120]
— Rowland Lee – composer, pianist, conductor and music arranger born in Woking (1960), attended Sheerwater Secondary School, Woking Boys Grammar School and Woking VI Form College. [120]
Sean Lock
Sean Lock
 Sean Lock – comedian, was born in Woking (1963) [120]
Liz Lynne
Liz Lynne
 Liz Lynne – Liberal Democrat politician [125]
Ian Ogilvy
Ian Ogilvy
 Ian Ogilvy – actor, 1943 [126]
Rick Parfitt
Rick Parfitt
 Rick Parfitt – guitarist for Status Quo went to school in Sheerwater and has family in the area, [120]
Delia Smith
Delia Smith
 Delia Smith – best-selling cook was born in Woking [120]
Ethel Smyth
Ethel Smyth
 Ethel Smyth – composer and the first woman suffragette [120]
The Spice Girls
The Spice Girls
 The Spice Girls – pop group, started their careers at a Knaphill studio [120]
David Sproxton
David Sproxton
 David Sproxton – co-founder of Aardman Animations, attended Woking Grammar school [120]
— Laurretta Summerscales – Ballerina, principal dancer with Bayerisches Staatsballett in Munich and formerly with the English National Ballet, grew up in Woking [127]
— Alan Turing – mathematician, Cremated & ashes were scattered in Woking
— Tony Wakeford – neo-folk musician, co-founder of Death in June, founder and vocalist of Sol Invictus, & L'Orchestre Noir [120]
Paul Weller
Paul Weller
 Paul Weller – guitarist and singer-songwriter, The Style Council, The Jam. "Town Called Malice", which was written by Paul Weller and recorded by his band, The Jam, is about Woking. The song reached No. 1 in the UK Charts. [120]
H. G. Wells
H. G. Wells
 H. G. Wells – author who used the town as a setting for his novel The War of the Worlds and was staying in the town when he wrote it. A large sculpture of a (Wellsian) Martian Fighting Machine (above) was installed in the town centre to commemorate Woking's links with the story. [101][128]
Matt Willis
Matt Willis
 Matt Willis – musician, singer-songwriter, television presenter and actor, who was a founding member of pop rock band Busted and was the winner of I'm A Celebrity... in 2006, lived in Woking and attended Woking High School [120]
— Iain Morris – Co-Writer of The Inbetweeners, born in Woking [120]
— Ken Wood – founded the Kenwood company in Woking [120]
— Tom Mison – actor [129]
— Sam Underwood – actor [130]
— Jentina – rapper

See also

Notes

  1. ^ The LNC earned additional revenue from golfers disguised as mourners taking advantage of the Necropolis Railway's fixed cheap fares to travel from London to the golf course, a practice which was tacitly accepted by the LNC. How the golfers concealed their equipment while travelling is not recorded.[19][20]
  2. ^ The bright red colour of bricks produced at Knaphill is a result of the high iron content of the Bracklesham Beds.[26]
  3. ^ Since 20 January 2022, all taxis and private hire vehicles operating in the Borough of Woking have been required to meet the Euro 6 emissions standards.[69]

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Bibliography

Further reading

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Woking.
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Woking.
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