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2014 Ukrainian parliamentary election

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Ukrainian parliamentary election, 2014
← 2012 26 October 2014
423 of 450 seats to the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine[1]
226 seats needed for a majority
 
Leader Yuriy Lutsenko Arseniy Yatsenyuk Andriy Sadovyi
Party Petro Poroshenko Bloc People's Front Samopomich
Last election did not participate did not participate did not participate
 
Leader Yuriy Boyko Oleh Lyashko Oleh Tyahnybok
Party Opposition Bloc Radical Party Svoboda
Last election did not participate 1.08%, 1 seat 10.45%, 37 seats
 
Leader Yulia Tymoshenko
Party Batkivshchyna
Last election 25.55%, 101 seats
Incumbent Chairman of Parliament

Oleksandr Turchynov
Batkivshchyna



A snap Ukrainian parliamentary election to the Verkhovna Rada were held on 26 October 2014.[2] The final results are expected to be published by the morning of 30 October.[3] The date of the election was announced by President Petro Poroshenko on 25 August 2014.[2] Poroshenko had pressed for early parliamentary elections since his victory in the May 2014 presidential election.[4][5][6] Because of the ongoing War in Donbass and the unilateral annexation of Crimea by Russia the elections were not held in all the regions of Ukraine.[7][8] On 2 September 2014 the Central Election Commission of Ukraine announced that voting would not be held for the 12 constituencies in Crimea.[9][10][1] On 25 October they announced that there will also be no voting in 9 constituencies in Donetsk Oblast and 6 constituencies in Luhansk Oblast.[1] Because of this 27 seats of the 450 seats in parliament will remain unfilled.[1]

Every citizen of Ukraine who is 18 years of age or older was able to exercise their right to vote in a mixed electoral system (50% under party lists and 50% under constituencies) with a 5% election threshold.[11][12]

Campaigning for this election was limited to the sixty days prior to the election, starting on 28 August 2014.[13] A total of 2,321 international observers were registered to monitor the election.[14]

Background

2014 election date set

According to the election law of November 2011, elections to the Verkhovna Rada must be held at least every five years.[11][15] This began with the 2012 Ukrainian parliamentary election. If the Rada had sat for the maximum allotted time, the next parliamentary election would have been held on 29 October 2017.[11] Despite this, then president-elect Petro Poroshenko said that he wanted to hold early parliamentary elections following his victory in the presidential election on 25 May 2014.[5] At the 26 June session of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe, Poroshenko said that he hoped to hold parliamentary elections in October 2014, as this was "the most democratic way".[4] [nb 1]

The parliamentary coalition that supported the Yatsenyuk Government, formed in the aftermath of the 2014 Ukrainian revolution and Euromaidan movement, was dissolved on 24 July.[17] If no new coalition was formed within thirty days, President Poroshenko would become entitled to dissolve the Rada and call early parliamentary elections.[17] On the same day as the dissolution, the Sovereign European Ukraine faction submitted a bill to the Rada that called for elections to be held on 28 September 2014.[18]

In an interview with Ukrainian television channels on 14 August, Poroshenko said that early elections were needed because the Rada refused to recognise the self-proclaimed breakaway Donetsk and Lugansk People's Republics as terrorist organisations.[19] The two republics, situated in the eastern Ukrainian region of the Donbass, make-up Donetsk and Luhansk oblasts of Ukraine, and have been fighting Ukrainian government forces in the War in Donbass.[20] President Poroshenko said: "I don't know how to work with a parliament in which a huge number [of deputies], whole factions, make up 'the fifth column' controlled from abroad [referring to Russia]. And this danger is only increasing".[19] He also said that "reelections are the best and the most efficient form of lustration of not only the parliament but also the political forces".

Poroshenko announced on 25 August that he had called for elections to the Rada to be held 26 October 2014.[2][7] In his accompanying television address, he said the elections were necessary to "purify the Rada of the mainstay of [former president] Viktor Yanukovych". These deputies, Poroshenko said, "clearly do not represent the people who elected them".[21] Poroshenko also claimed that these Rada deputies were responsible for "the [January 2014] Dictatorship laws that took the lives of the Heavenly hundred".[21] Poroshenko also stated that many of the (then) current MPs were "direct sponsors and accomplices or at least sympathizers of the militants/separatists".[21]

Electoral system

In late July 2014 draft amendments for a new electoral law proposed a return to proportional representation with open party lists and electoral blocs.[22] Besides the open list, this would have been a return to the way the 2007 parliamentary election was conducted (closed lists were used).[23] Despite this, the Rada refused to make the proposed amendments law on 14 August.[24] Hence, like in the previous parliamentary election of 2012, a parallel voting system will be used with 50% of seats (225 seats) elected by (national) proportional party lists with a 5% election threshold and the other 50% of the seats elected in 225 constituencies with a first-past-the-post electoral system in one round (candidate with the highest vote total wins).[11][25][26]

Every citizen of Ukraine who is 18 years of age or older will be able to take part in the election.[12]

In 2012 there were 33,540 polling stations in Ukraine, and 116 foreign polling stations in 77 countries.[27][28]

The July 2014 draft amendments also proposed reducing electoral campaigns from 60 to 45 days.[22] Since they were thus not made law, the campaign started 28 August 2014 and lasted 60 days.[13]

Issues

Impossibility to vote in some regions of Ukraine

On 2 September the Central Election Commission of Ukraine announced that voters from Crimea (including Sevastopol) would not be able to vote for the 12 Crimean constituencies.[9][1] On 25 October (one day before the election) the Central Election Commission of Ukraine announced that there will also be no voting in 9 constituencies in Donetsk Oblast and 6 constituencies in Luhansk Oblast (the Donbass region of Eastern Ukraine).[1] Because of this 27 seats of the 450 seats in parliament will remain unfilled.[1] On 24 October it was estimated by the democratic watchdog OPORA that 4.6 million Ukrainians will be unable to vote – 1.8 million in Crimea and the city of Sevastopol, 1.6 million in Donetsk Oblast and 1.2 million in Luhansk Oblast.[29]

Voter turnout in Donetsk Oblast (situated in the Donbass) in the 2014 Ukrainian presidential election.

Donbass

When President Poroshenko announced that he had called early parliamentary elections for 26 October 2014 on 25 August 2014,[2] in the Donbass region of Eastern Ukraine (Donetsk Oblast and Luhansk Oblast[30]) pro-Russian separatists controlled several of the region's government buildings and towns (since mid-April 2014).[20][31] By August 2014 the Ukrainian army and these pro-Russian separatists were fighting the War in Donbass.[7][32] In the May 2014 Ukrainian presidential election only 20% of the ballot stations were open in Donbass due to threats and violence by these pro-Russia separatists.[33][34] Since the July 2014 post-ceasefire government offensive the pro-Russian separatist control a smaller chunk of the Donbass region than in May 2014.[35] According to the Central Election Commission of Ukraine, (in early September 2014) 32 constituencies were located within the territory of the War in Donbass.[9] In the 2012 Ukrainian parliamentary election the Donbass was divided in 32 constituencies.[10] On 21 October 10 of the 21 constituencies of Donetsk Oblast elections were expected to go through while 3 (other) constituencies were considered "problematic".[36] In Luhansk Oblast elections were expected to be held in 5 of its 11 constituencies.[37] 14.26% (5,061,489) of Ukraine's 35,500,913 eligible voters live in Donbass.[35] According to the Central Election Commission of Ukraine over 30,000 of them were able to vote without changing their electoral address.[38] On 9 October they also predicted that 1.46 million voters in Donetsk Oblast (out of the approximately 3.3 million) and 560,000 (out of the approximately 1.8 million) in Luhansk Oblast would be able to vote.[39] On 25 October (one day before the election) the Central Election Commission of Ukraine announced that there will be no voting in 9 constituencies in Donetsk Oblast and 6 constituencies in Luhansk Oblast.[1] On election day in Luhansk Oblast all polling stations were opened only in 1 out of 5 constituencies were voting was possible, in Donetsk Oblast this was so in 6 out of the 12 constituencies.[40]

Crimea

During the February–March[41] 2014 Crimean crisis, Ukraine lost control over Crimea, soon after Crimea was annexed by Russia after a controversial plebiscite in March 2014.[20][42][43][nb 2] As a result, the May 2014 (Ukrainian) presidential elections were not held in Crimea.[8]

On 2 September the Central Election Commission of Ukraine announced that voters from Crimea would be able to vote for the (national) proportional party lists in a polling station in Ukraine of their choice.[9] But they would not be able to vote for the Crimean constituencies.[9] In the 2012 Ukrainian parliamentary election Crimea was divided into 12 constituencies.[1][10] 5.1% of Ukraine's voters live in Crimea.[35]

Campaign

In the election campaign the parties positions on foreign relations and the War in Donbass could be roughly divided into two groups.[45] The first group consisted of pro-European parties that advocated to end the War in Donbass by use of force and consisted of Batkivshchyna, Civic Position, Radical Party and People's Front (this party was ambiguous about use of force).[45] Svoboda also wanted to end the War in Donbass by use of force.[45] The party Petro Poroshenko Bloc was the only pro-European party that wanted to end the War in Donbass by a peaceful solution.[45] The second group was Strong Ukraine and Opposition Bloc who were considered pro-Russian and they advocated to end the War in Donbass by a peaceful solution.[45] The Communist Party of Ukraine (according to political scientist Tadeusz A. Olszański) "effectively supports the separatist rebellion".[45]

According to Olszański Radical Party and the Communists were the only left-wing parties.[45]

Results

On 25 October the Central Election Commission of Ukraine stated it hoped it could complete and release all results of the nation wide party list and the constituencies by the morning of 30 October.[3]

Exit polls releases shortly after voting ended suggested that Petro Poroshenko Bloc, People's Front, Samopomich, Opposition Bloc, Radical Party, Svoboda and Batkivshchyna would be represented in parliament per their overcoming the 5% election threshold on the nationwide party lists.[46][47]

Registered parties and candidates

Nationwide party lists

On 26 September 2014 the Central Election Commission of Ukraine finished registering the nationwide party lists. A total of 29 parties will participate in the election.[48] Parties will appear on the ballot in the following order:[49]

  1. Radical Party of Oleh Lyashko
  2. Solidary of Ukrainian Women
  3. Internet Party of Ukraine
  4. Opposition Bloc
  5. People’s Front
  6. 5.10
  7. All-Ukrainian Agrarian Union “ZASTUP”
  8. Revival
  9. New Politics
  10. United Country
  11. People’s Power
  12. Svoboda
  13. National Democratic Party of Ukraine
  14. Communist Party of Ukraine
  15. Samopomich
  16. Ukraine is United
  17. Right Sector
  18. Ukraine of the Future
  19. Liberal Party of Ukraine
  20. Party of Greens of Ukraine
  21. Green Planet
  22. Petro Poroshenko Bloc
  23. Strength and Honour
  24. Congress of Ukrainian Nationalists
  25. Strong Ukraine
  26. Batkivshchyna
  27. Civil Position
  28. Bloc of Ukranian Left Forces
  29. Ukrainian Civil Movement

Forming of political coalitions that will participate in the election

On 2 September Vitaliy Kovalchuk (the parliamentary leader) of UDAR stated that since his party and Petro Poroshenko Bloc had agreed to "joint participation in parliamentary elections" on 29 March 2014 the two parties were "in discussion" about "the format" for how to do so in these elections.[50] On 15 September it became clear that 30% of the Petro Poroshenko Bloc election list would be filled by members of UDAR and that UDAR leader Vitali Klitschko is at the top of this list, Klitschko vowed not to resign as incumbent Mayor of Kiev.[51]

The 7 September party congress of Civil Position decided that the party would participate in the election on a partly list with members of Democratic Alliance.[52]

On 10 September Batkivshchyna split because party leaders Yatsenyuk and Turchynov became founding members of the new party People's Front.[53]

The biggest party in the previous 2012 parliamentary elections, Party of Regions, chose not to participate in the election because of a perceived lack of legitimacy (of the election), because not every resident of the Donbass could vote.[54] Individual members of the Party of Regions would take part in the election as candidates of the party Opposition Bloc.[55] According to Yuriy Boyko, who is heading the party's election list, Opposition Bloc does not represent parties, but consists only of individual politicians.[55]

Constituencies

3,468 candidates take part in the elections in the 225 electoral districts; 2,087 independent candidates and 1,381 nominated by parties.[56] On 1 October 2014 the Central Election Commission of Ukraine finished registering the electoral districts.[56]

Opinion polls

Political parties

Poll results are listed in the table below in reverse chronological order, showing the most recent first. The percentages that overcome the 5% election threshold[57] are displayed in bold, and the background shaded in the leading party's colour. In the instance that there is a tie, then no figure is bolded. The lead column on the right shows the percentage-point difference between the two parties with the highest figures. Poll results use the date the survey's fieldwork was done, as opposed to the date of publication. However, if such date is unknown, the date of publication will be given instead.

Date Polling firm PoR Batkiv. UDAR Svoboda CPU Poroshenko Bloc Radical CP SU S/P PF[a] Others Lead
12–21 Oct Gorshenin Institute [b] 10.4 [c] 3 2.8 24.2 7.4 5.4 4 5.3 7.9 7.1[d] 13.8
9–18 Oct KIIS, Ilko Kucheriv Democratic Initiatives Foundation [b] 4.7 [c] 2 2.8 20.5 8.6 3.3 3.75 5.8 6.8 9.75[e] 11.9
1–8 Oct Rating [b] 6.9 [c] ~4 4.5 33.5 12.8 4.6 7.8 5.4 8.9 ~11.6[f] 20.7
24 Sep – 5 Oct GfK Ukraine 8.7 29.9 7.6 7.3 7.0 21.2
19–22 Sep Active Group [b] 6.3 [c] 4 2.9 40.8 11.7 8.2 4.7 2.0 6.6 12.8 29.1
15–21 Sep All-Ukrainian Sociological Service[g] [b] 11.7 [c] 9.4 2.4 40.5 12.5 6.6 4.7 3.2 6.6 2.4 28
12–21 Sep KIIS [b] 7.8 4.3 4.7 4.5 39.5 10.4 6.9 5.2 2.6 5.8 8.2 29.1
5–12 Sep UISPP (NAPS) 2.0 7.9 4.6 4.6 4.2 31.5 12.7 6.6 6.3 3.0 8.1 8.7 18.8
5–10 Sep SOCIS 1.9 8.1 [c] 4.5 2.9 45.7 13.7 8.1 4.4 2.0 5.6 3.1 32.0
23 Aug – 2 Sep KIIS 3.8 6.1 [c] 4.4 4.6 37.1 13.1 9.7 7.8 2.9 6.4 2.3 24.0
2014 parliamentary election campaign
14–25 Aug GfK Ukraine 2 13[h] 6 4 3 16 14 7 6 1 -[i] 2 2
16–23 Jul KIIS 2.7 17.4 11.5 6.9 3.9 11.1 22.2 11.5 5.3 3.3 - 4.2 4.8
28 Jun – 10 Jul Rating 3.8 16.6[j] 8.7 4.8 4.4 27.8 11.5 5.3 4.0 1.0 - 7.6 11.2
2014 presidential election
8–18 May Democratic Initiative Foundation 3[k] 10.4 6.8 3.1 5.2 22.4 4.5 NP[b] 4.2 1.2 - 4.3[l] 12
8–13 May Rating 9[m] 17.4 13.1 6.6 6.3 26.6 7.2 6.8 – 0.8 - 6.2 9.2
25–29 Apr Razumkov Centre 11.6[m] 20.3 12.2 5.2 6.5 31.1 5.7 – – - - 7.4 10.8
14–26 Mar International Republican Institute[g][n] 9.5 25.5 19 8 6.5 17.5 – – – - - 16 6.5
14–19 Mar SOCIS, KIIS, Rating, Razumkov Centre 13.6 22.2 16.4 5.2 6.9 21.6 5.7 – – - - 8.5 0.6
1–6 Mar Social Monitoring Centre[g] 16.6 21.7 19.8 6.5 7.9 13.7 4.4 – – - - 9.5 0.9
24 Feb – 4 Mar SOCIS 12.9 22.7 22.3 6.5 7.1 18.9 3.7 – – - - 5.9 0.4
28 Feb – 3 Mar KIIS[g] 16.2 24 25.4 7.1 10.8 4.6 5.4 – – - - 6.7 1.4
2014 Ukrainian revolution
24 Jan – 1 Feb SOCIS 29.2 21.4 23.4 5.6 5.8 9.8 1.1 – – - - 3.5 5.8
17–26 Jan SOCIS 29.2 20.2 23.8 6.7 7.6 9.4 0.7 – – - - 2.3 5.4
2014 calendar year
23–27 Dec R&B Group[g] 36.6 22.1 21.8 9.4 7.1 – – – – - - 3.1 14.5
7–17 Dec Rating[g] 28.1 23.6 22.1 7.8 7.6 4.9 1.0 – – - - 4.7 4.5
30 Sep – 8 Oct Razumkov Centre[g] 27.7 27.9 21 7 9.3 – 0.8 – – - - 6.2 0.2
26 Sep – 6 Oct Rating 27.0 26 21 9 10 – – – – - - 7.0 1.0
15–25 Sep R&B Group[g] 32.9 27.9 19.9 7.9 9.1 – – – – - - 2.5 5.0
2013 calendar year
28 Oct 2012 2012 election results 30 25.6 14 10.5 13.2 – 1.08 – – - - 6.9 4.4
Notes
  1. ^ A new party led by Arseniy Yatsenyuk and Oleksandr Turchynov that was formed after several people left Batkivshchyna on August 21, 2014 (see People's Front).
  2. ^ a b c d e f g In this poll this party was either not polled as an independent party, or its results were categorised in its "Others"-section.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g In this poll UDAR and Yuri Lutsenko were polled along with the Bloc of Petro Poroshenko.
  4. ^ In this poll 19% of respondents who intend to vote had not decided whom to vote for and 3.5% were unable to answer the question.
  5. ^ In this poll 32% of respondents who intend to vote had not decided whom to vote for.
  6. ^ In this poll, Opposition Bloc received 5.1%, thus overcoming the threshold required to enter the Rada.
  7. ^ a b c d e f g h This survey shows its poll results without disregarding those who are undecided or said they will abstain from voting (either physically or by voting blank). In order to obtain results comparable to other surveys and the official election results, the result shown in this table will be that obtained, with a simple rule of three, from disregarding undecided and/or abstaining voters from the totals offered in the survey.
  8. ^ The party would gain this result if Arseniy Yatsenyuk would be on its party list
  9. ^ The possible results for a possible (new) party of Arseniy Yatsenyuk and Oleksandr Turchynov were not polled
  10. ^ In this poll Front for Change, which is part of Batkivshchyna coalition, was polled independently and received 3.4% of decided votes.
  11. ^ For the results of Strong Ukraine see SU section in this table.
  12. ^ In this poll 23.1% of respondents had not decided whom to vote for and 11.8% had stated that they would not take part in the election.
  13. ^ a b Including Strong Ukraine.
  14. ^ Some opinion polls round their data so that in the end up showing a .0 or a .5 value. This practise is maintained for these polls when disregarding undecided and/or abstaining voters from the totals so as to avoid different interpretations of the same value.

Expected turnout

Late August 2014 Irina Bekeshkina of Democratic Initiative Foundation predicted that 50% of the people who had voted for the Party of Regions and Communist Party of Ukraine (both popular particularly in Eastern Ukraine[58]) in the 2012 Ukrainian parliamentary election would not participate in the 2014 elections.[59]

International observers

The elections will be monitored by 2,321 accredited foreign observers.[60] 304 of them on behalf of 21 states and 2,017 from 20 international organizations.[60]

Notes

  1. ^ In a Research & Branding Group opinion poll held from 26 July until 5 August, 72% of respondents supported the call for early elections.[16]
  2. ^ The status of the Crimea and of the city of Sevastopol is currently under dispute between Russia and Ukraine; Ukraine and the majority of the international community consider the Crimea to be an autonomous republic of Ukraine and Sevastopol to be one of Ukraine's cities with special status, while Russia, on the other hand, considers the Crimea to be a federal subject of Russia and Sevastopol to be one of Russia's three federal cities.[20][44]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i Parliamentary elections not to be held at nine constituencies in Donetsk region and six constituencies in Luhansk region - CEC, Interfax-Ukraine (25.10.2014)
  2. ^ a b c d Ukraine President Poroshenko Calls Snap General Election, Bloomberg News (25 August 2014)
  3. ^ a b CEC hopes to get complete preliminary figures on voting results by October 30 - Okhendovsky, Interfax-Ukraine (25.10.2014)
  4. ^ a b Poroshenko hopes early parliamentary elections in Ukraine will take place in October, Interfax-Ukraine (26 June 2014)
  5. ^ a b Poroshenko hopes for early parliamentary elections in Ukraine this fall - presidential envoy, Interfax-Ukraine (19 June 2014)
  6. ^ In Ukrainian election, chocolate tycoon Poroshenko claims victory, The Washington Post (25 May 2014)
  7. ^ a b c Ukraine crisis: President calls snap vote amid fighting, BBC News (25 August 2014)
  8. ^ a b "Ukraine elections: Runners and risks". BBC News Online. 22 May 2014. Archived from the original on 27 May 2014. Retrieved 29 May 2014.
  9. ^ a b c d e Template:Uk icon The CEC explained how to vote to inhabitants of Russian-occupied territories, 5 Kanal (2 September 2014)
  10. ^ a b c 2012 Parliamentary Elections Boundary Delimitation Summary and Analysis, International Foundation for Electoral Systems (May 2012)
  11. ^ a b c d Parliament passes law on parliamentary elections, Kyiv Post (17 November 2011)
  12. ^ a b Template:Uk icon Перший крок до зриву виборів, Ukrayinska Pravda (9 April 2012)
  13. ^ a b Decree on parliament dissolution published in official bulletin of Ukrainian president, election campaign begins on August 28, Interfax-Ukraine (14 August 2014)
    Template:Uk icon Poroshenko decree to dissolve the Council are published, Ukrayinska Pravda (27 August 2014)
    Template:Uk icon Poroshenko put an end to the dissolution of, Ukrayinska Pravda (27 August 2014)
  14. ^ В Украине на выборах будет работать 2 тыс. 321 иностранный наблюдатель, UNIAN (21 October 2014)
  15. ^ Template:Uk icon Law of Ukraine "On Elections of People's Deputies of Ukraine " dated 17 November 2011, Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine
  16. ^ Template:Uk icon Over 70% of Ukrainian - for re-election of Rada, Ukrayinska Pravda (15 August 2014)
  17. ^ a b Rada speaker announces dissolution of parliamentary coalition, Interfax-Ukraine (24 July 2014)
  18. ^ Rada registers bill setting early parliamentary elections date for September 28, 2014, Interfax-Ukraine (24 July 2014)
  19. ^ a b Poroshenko frustrated by Rada refusing to recognize self-proclaimed republics as terrorist organizations, Interfax-Ukraine (14 August 2014)
  20. ^ a b c d "Ukraine crisis timeline". BBC News Online. Archived from the original on 27 May 2014. Retrieved 29 May 2014.
  21. ^ a b c Ukrainian President dissolves Parliament, announces early elections, United Press International (25 August 2014)
    Ukraine's Petro Poroshenko Dissolves Parliament, Sets Election Date, The Moscow Times (26 August 2014)
    President's address on the occasion of early parliamentary elections of October 26, Presidential Administration of Ukraine (25 August 2014)
  22. ^ a b Poroshenko, Yatseniuk, Turchynov Agree On Reducing Early Parliamentary Election Campaign From 60 To 45 Days, Ukrainian News Agency (31 July 2014)
  23. ^ Understanding Ukrainian Politics: Power, Politics, And Institutional Design by Paul D'Anieri, M.E. Sharpe, 2006, ISBN 0-7656-1811-7 (page 251)
    Black Sea Fleet vote: Know thy turncoats, Kyiv Post (6 May 2010)
    Ukraine needs constitutional change now, Kyiv Post (7 May 2009)
  24. ^ Rada fails to put on today's agenda three bills on elections of MPs, Interfax-Ukraine (14 August 2014)
  25. ^ Draft Law on the election of members of Parliament of Ukraine, Venice Commission (June 28, 2011)
  26. ^ The Distorted Will of the People, The Ukrainian Week (5 November 2012)
  27. ^ After counting all ballots at 116 foreign polling stations "Svoboda" wins in parliamentary elections in Ukraine, National Radio Company of Ukraine (29 October 2012)
    No violations reported at Ukraine’s overseas polling stations, ITAR-TASS (28 October 2012)
  28. ^ Central Election Commission forms 33,540 polling stations in Ukraine and 114 abroad, Kyiv Post (12 April 2012)
  29. ^ На выборах не смогут проголосовать почти 5 млн украинцев Подробности читайте на УНИАН: http://www.unian.net/politics/1000335-na-vyiborah-ne-smogut-progolosovat-pochti-5-mln-ukraintsev.html, UNIAN (October 24, 2014)
  30. ^ Poroshenko Bloc, Radical Party and People's Front to enter parliament, latest poll says, Kyiv Post (Oct. 22, 2014)
  31. ^ Masked gunmen tighten grip on eastern Ukraine, Reuters (30 April 2014)
  32. ^ Ukraine conflict: Donetsk rebels parade captured soldiers, BBC News (24 August 2014)
  33. ^ Poroshenko Declares Victory in Ukraine Presidential Election, The Wall Street Journal (25 May 2014)
  34. ^ Russia will recognise outcome of Ukraine poll, says Vladimir Putin, The Guardian (23 May 2014)
  35. ^ a b c Ukraine in maps: How the crisis spread, BBC News
  36. ^ Serhiy Klyuyev, brother of suspect in killings of EuroMaidan protesters, runs for parliament in Donetsk Oblast, Kyiv Post (Oct. 21, 2014)
  37. ^ CEC chairman briefs OSCE observers on preparations for parliamentary elections in Ukraine, Interfax-Ukraine (15 October 2014)
  38. ^ Over 190,000 people, including over 30,000 residents of Donbas, change polling place in early parliamentary elections - CEC, Kyiv Post (Oct. 21, 2014)
  39. ^ Parliamentary elections could be held at 18 of 32 constituencies in Donbas, Kyiv Post (Oct. 9, 2014)
  40. ^ Only in six constituencies of Donetsk region and one constituency in Luhansk region voting to be at all polling stations, says CEC, Interfax-Ukraine (26.10.2014)
  41. ^ "Is Crimea gone? Annexation no longer the focus of Ukraine crisis". CNN. Retrieved 12 July 2014.
  42. ^ EU & Ukraine 17 April 2014 FACT SHEET, European External Action Service (17 April 2014)
  43. ^ Ukraine crisis: 'Illegal' Crimean referendum condemned, BBC News (6 March 2014)
  44. ^ Gutterman, Steve. "Putin signs Crimea treaty, will not seize other Ukraine regions". Reuters.com. Retrieved 26 March 2014.
  45. ^ a b c d e f g Olszański, Tadeusz A. (17 September 2014), Ukraine’s political parties at the start of the election campaign, OSW—Centre for Eastern Studies
  46. ^ Exit polls: seven parties get into the parliament (UPDATING), Kyiv Post (Oct. 26, 2014)
  47. ^ Poroshenko Bloc, People's Front, Samopomich, Opposition Bloc, Radical Party, Svoboda Batkivschyna to get seats in Rada - National Exit Poll, Interfax-Ukraine (Oct. 26, 2014)
  48. ^ ЦИК завершила регистрацию партий на внеочередных выборах в парламент, UNIAN (26 September 2014)
  49. ^ ЦИК определила порядковые номера партий на выборах в Раду, UNIAN (27 September 2014)
  50. ^ Template:Uk icon Block Poroshenko and kick off to the polls together, TVi (2 September 2014)
  51. ^ Template:Ru icon Pilots, combatants, and journalists. Who goes to the new Verkhovna Rada , Korrespondent.net (September 15, 2014)
    Klitschko: I lead my team to Parliament, UDAR official website (14.09.2014)
    Deadline for nomination of candidates running in early election to Rada expires, ITAR-TASS (September 15, 2014)
  52. ^ Template:Uk icon The party decided Gritsenko, who will go to Council, Ukrayinska Pravda (7 September 2014)
  53. ^ Template:Uk iconYatsenyuk became a leader of the "People's Front" political council, while Turchynov is a head of its headquarters. Ukrayinska Pravda. 10 September 2014
    Ukrainian PM, Parliament Speaker to Head Newly Formed Popular Front Party, RIA Novosti (10 September 2014)
  54. ^ Ukraine's Party of Regions Refuses to Participate in Rada Elections, RIA Novosti (23 September 2014)
  55. ^ a b Opposition Bloc chooses top ten candidates for parliamentary elections, Interfax Ukraine (23 September 2014)
    Allies of Yanukovych trying for parliament, Kyiv Post (21 September 2014)
    Party Of Regions Will Not Contest Snap Parliamentary Elections Independently, Ukrainian News Agency (14 September 2014)
  56. ^ a b Registration of candidates to run in early parliamentary elections in Ukraine ended, Interfax Ukraine (01.10.2014)
  57. ^ Template:Uk icon Poll: Council to pass seven parties, Ukrayinska Pravda (25 July 2014)
  58. ^ Poll: Political forces of Tigipko, Yatseniuk, Communist Party in Top 5 of April rating of parties, Kyiv Post (12 May 2010)
  59. ^ Template:Uk icon With a low start. How to change the parliament for early elections , Focus (4 August 2014)
  60. ^ a b Almost 2,500 foreign observers to watch Ukrainian elections – CEC, Interfax-Ukraine (21 October 2014)
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