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List of ethnic slurs

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The following is a list of ethnic slurs that are, or have been, used to refer to members of a given ethnicity in a derogatory or pejorative manner in the English speaking world. A slur is a remark another person finds insulting. For the purposes of this list, ethnicity can be determined by either race, nationality, region, religion or socioeconomic class. Each term is listed followed by its country or region of usage, a definition, and (where applicable) a reference to that term.


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0-9

5 and 2 / 5 by 2 / 4 by 2 / 3 by 2
(UK) Cockney rhyming slang for a Jew. Originated in the early 1900s.[1]
925
(Southern California) a term for blacks, comes from the Los Angeles Police Department code for "Suspicious Person".[2]

A

Abbie / Abe / Abie
a Jewish male. From the proper name Abraham. The Hebrew name for father is "Abba". Originated before the 1950s.[3]
ABCD
(Subcontinentals in U.S.) "American-Born Confused Desi" used for American-born South Asians who are confused about their cultural identity. Often used by ABCDs about other ABCDs. ABCD is the most common version of the phrase, but there are variations of it that extend all the way to the letter 'z' in at least two different versions: "American Born Confused Desi, Emigrated From Gujarat, House in Jersey, Kids Learning Medicine, Now Owning Property, Quite Reasonable Salary, Two Uncles Visiting, White Xenophobia Yet Zestful" and "American Born Confused Desi, Emigrated From Gujarat, Housed In Jersey, Keeping Lotsa Motels, Named Omkarnath Patel, Quickly Reached Success Through Underhanded Vicious Ways, Xenophobic Yet Zestful"[6][7][8]
Abd
(Middle Eastern Countries) This term, literally "slave" in Arabic, is used as a slur against Blacks and persons of mixed African descent. Usage is consistent with the Arab institution of black slavery that lasted from approximately 900 to 1962. [9] [10] [11]
Abo / Abbo
(AUS) Australian aboriginal. This used to be the standard common term for Aboriginals, and was used by many Aboriginal people themselves (It was not considered offensive until the 1950s). From the 1870s until the 1920s, the word Ab was used instead.[citation needed] It is now considered highly offensive.[4]
Adolf / 'Dolf
(U.S. & UK Commonwealth) Germans, referring to Adolf Hitler.[12]
Africoon
(North America) a Black person.[13]
Afro-Saxon
(North America) A young white male devotee of African-American pop culture.[5]
Ahab
(U.S.) an Arab, from the novelty song "Ahab the Arab" by Ray Stevens; in the Bible, Ahab was the sinful king of Samaria married to the equally wicked Jezebel.[14]
Alabama Blue Gums
(U.S.) a black person.[15][16][17]
Albino
(U.S. Blacks) whites, also a derogatory term for light skinned blacks used by darker skinned blacks.[18]
Alligator bait
(U.S.) also "Gator Bait." A black person, especially a black child. More commonly used in states where alligators are found--particularly Florida. First used in the early 1900s, although some hypothesize the term originated in the late 1800s.[6]
Alter kacker / alter kocker (Yiddish) / alter kucker / A.K.
(North America) a disparaging term for elderly Jewish people. Although the word is of Yiddish origin (literally meaning old shitter), it has been adopted by non-Jews as a slur against Jews. First used in the early 1900s.[7]
Americanadian, Am-Can, Can-Am, Can in the Am, Am in the Can, Wannabecan, WannabeAm
(US, CAN), one who is an American but acts Canadian, or in reverse a Canadian who acts American, or someone who is of both Canadian and American ancestry, or an American wanting to move to Canada, or a Canadian who wants to move to U.S. (Note that Americanadian isn't offensive, but Cam in the Am or Am in the Can is)[8]
Americunt / A Merry Cunt
(UK) an American tourist.[19][20][21]
Amo
(North America) the Amish.[22]
Angie
(Quebec) Anglophones in Canada.[23]
Anglo
(U.S.) Any white (northern-western European) person, regardless of whether they have English ancestry. This term is most often used by Hispanics and Italians and often not meant to be offensive.[9]
Anglo-pilferer
An Anglo-Australian possibly of convict lineage. Based on the belief that all Anglo-Australians are descended from convicts. Particularly offensive.[10]
Ann
A white woman to a black person--or a black woman who acts too much like a white one. While Miss Ann, also just plain Ann, is a derisive reference to the white woman, by extension it is applied to any black woman who puts on airs and tries to act like Miss Ann.[11]
Antique Farm Equipment/Outdated Farm Machinery
(U.S) a Black person; slaves were mostly used for farming.[24][25]
Ape
(U.S.) a black person.[12]
Apple
(North America) An American Indian (Native American) who is "red on the outside, white on the inside." Used primarily by other American Indians to indicate someone who has lost touch with their cultural identity. First used in the 1980s.[13]
Apu
(North America) a person with roots in the South Asian subcontinent, popularized by the homonymous Kwik-E-Mart operator from The Simpsons.[26]
A-rab
(U.S.) Alternately Ay-Rab, someone of Middle Eastern descent (pronounced /'eiræb/). Often used to refer to Jews. The term is used in Mark Twain's Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. Sometimes also used to mean a street urchin or a misbehaving child.[14]
Argie
(UK) a native of Argentina, used by the British press during the Falklands War. Coined by Britain's The Sun newspaper in 1982.[citation needed]
Arkie / Arky
(U.S.) similar to Okie, except from Arkansas instead of Oklahoma.[15]
Armenian Shower
(U.S., Europe, Russia) refers to an Armenian who had not bathed or showered, yet uses an excessive amount of perfume or other scented product to try to mask their body odor, the end result being an overpowering combination of offensive scents. In Armenian culture it is considered unhealthy to bathe more than once a week.
Armo
(U.S. & Australia) person of Armenian origin.[27][28]
As dry as a pommy's towel
(Australia) very dry. Pommy=Englishman. From the perception that Englishmen do not bathe very often at all.[16]
Aunt Jemima / Aunt Jane / Aunt Mary / Aunt Sally / Aunt Thomasina
(U.S. Blacks) a black woman who "kisses up" to whites, a "sellout", female counterpart of Uncle Tom.[17]
Aussie Wuzzie
(Australia) a black person native to New Guinea.[18]

B

Balander
(Aus.) Aboriginal English term for non-indigenous person. Used by many Aboriginal cultures of Northern Australia such as the Yolngu. [Mid-19th century on; From the word Hollaender (Dutch via Macassan)].[19]
Banana
(Aus.) Slang for a person of Asian descent who is "Yellow on the outside, white on the inside." Primarily used as a mildly derogatory term by members of the chinese community to indicate someone who has lost touch with their cultural identity. Sometimes used as an affectionate term by Australians of other ethnic backgrounds due to the increasing integration of Asian-Australians.
Banana bender
(Australia) a person from Queensland (one who puts the bend in bananas).[20]
Beaner
(U.S.) derogatory term for a Hispanic.
Bible thumper
(U.S.) derogatory term used to describe an Evangelical Protestant, particularly one from a Pentecostal denomination, similar to Holy Roller, also commonly used universally against Christians. Alternatively known as Bible Basher.
BIFFO
(Ireland) Derogatory term for a person from County Offaly, Ireland; abbreviation for "Big Ignorant Fucker From Offaly"[21]
Black Irish
(UK Commonwealth & U.S.) an Irish person with dark features. While the term is largely inoffensive, the distinction between fair and swarthy Irish people is historically baseless and fundamentally racist. Black Irish often are considered to be of poor ancestry (labourers and such, rather than aristocratic blood.) These darker features are often attributable to ancient Hamitic and Iberian ancestors present in the ancient British Isles. The Fomorians, believed to have sailed up the Atlantic seaboard from Africa and Iberia, were aboriginal Hamitic peoples.[22]
Bluenose
(Canada) a person from Nova Scotia. Often used with pride by residents of this province. [either named (a) for a famous schooner originating from said province, (b) the name of a potato with a blue protuberance, or (c) to Scots Presbyterians referred to as "true blue" in the 17th century].[23]
Boche; bosche; bosch
(France; U.S.; UK) a German [from either French caboche head, or Alboche, modification of Allemand German].[24]
Bogan
(AUS/NZ) lower class white person. Some parts of Australia use equivalent terms such as Westie/Westy (Auckland and Sydney — as many live in the city's western suburbs), Bevan (Queensland), Booner (Canberra) and Chigger (Tasmania); also, (CAN) an aboriginal. From Bogan Shire in western New South Wales.
Bog Irish
a person of common or low class Irish ancestry.[25][26]
Bog Wog
(U.K.) An individual of African descent who attempts to obtain cash in exchange for personal grooming services in toilets.
Bohunk
A person of east-central European descent. Was commonly used toward Ukrainian immigrants during the early 20th century.[27]
Boong / boang
(Aus) Australian aboriginal.[28] Related to the (extinct) slang word bung, meaning "dead", "infected", "dysfunctional". Highly offensive. [First used in the 1920s]
Boonga / boong / bunga / boonie
(New Zealand) a Pacific Islander [alteration of boong].[29]
Brown Sahib
a term - often used in a disparaging tone - to refer to natives of the Indian Subcontinent who have been heavily influenced by Western (usually British) culture and thinking.
Brownie
(U.S.) a. a person of mixed white and black ancestry; a mulatto. b. (U.S. black) a young, brown-skinned person 1940s-1950s[30]
Buffie
a black person.[31]
b. (U.S. black) a young, brown-skinned person 1940s-1950s[32]

C

Caker
(Italian Canadians) a non-Mediterranean white Canadian; short for "mangia cake" or cake eater; Calorro / calorra : (Spanish) a gypsy.[33]
Canuck
(U.S. & CAN) a Canadian national. (Rarely offensive, and considered by Canadians to be obsolete and silly -- compare "Yankee") The Vancouver NHL team is even called the "Vancouver Canucks". When pronounced Can-OOK it is somewhat more derisive, although in a comical sense.
Canuckistan or Soviet Canuckistan
(U.S.) Derogatory reference to Canadian socialism or the Canadian welfare state used by American political conservatives. See Soviet Canuckistan: Such a rare country, National Review, Nov. 8, 2002
Charlie
(U.S.) a Vietnamese person (shortened from radio code for the Vietcong (V.C.): "Victor Charlie"[29]); term also used by African Americans (mainly in the 1960s and 1970s) to refer to a white person (from James Baldwin's novel Blues For Mr. Charlie.
Chav
(UK) a low-income common white who's typically viewed as having low intelligence, with a penchant for bling fashion accessories & baseball caps
Chee-chee
a Eurasian half-caste [probably from Hindi chi-chi fie!, literally, dirt][34]
Cheese-eating surrender monkeys
(UK, US) the French, known in Britain since the 1980s, and popularised in the US by TV program The Simpsons.
Chicano
(U.S., Mexico) a person of Mexican descent born in the United States. This word is not always a slur, however it is sometimes used by native Mexicans as a derogatory term to insinuate that the person born in the United States is not a true Mexican and, therefore, a "lesser" Mexican.
Chigger
(US) An asian person acting black.
Choggy
(AUS) A person of Asian heritage
Chinese Pig
(大陸豬) (Hong Kong, UK & U.S.) A person having Chinese features or from Mainland China. The term is derogatory and very offensive.
Ching Chong
(U.S. & Canada) A person of perceived Chinese descent. A very offensive term, equivalent to Chink, or nigger.
Chinky
(India and UK) used to refer to people of perceived Chinese descent. Considered derogatory, although not as derogatory as Chink, or Ching Chong.[35]
Clog Wog
(AUS) a person of Dutch origin, not always offensive.[36]
Cochise
(U.S.) a Native American, after Cochise, a Chiricahua Apache warrior chief who resisted white usurpation of Indian land
Coconut
(U.S./UK/AUS) a black or Hispanic person who is perceived to act "like a white person" (a coconut is dark on the outside but white on the inside)
Colored
(U.S.) a Black person. Now considered a slur, it was acceptable in the past. The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, for example, continues to use its full name unapologetically.
Coloured
(South Africa) a community of mixed origin, including Khoikhoi and Asian slaves, not derogatory but the normal term for this community
(UK Commonwealth) a black person (while not usually intended to be offensive, the term is not regarded as acceptable by many black people)
Convict
(UK & USA) An Australian. derived from the first European settlers on the First Fleet in 1788
Coolie
(North America) a Chinese (originally used in 19th-century for Chinese railroad labor). Chinese Coolies have a long history and Chinese are still exploited Coolies. Also racial epithet for Indo-Caribbean people, especially in Guyana, Trinidad and Tobago and South African Indians, where it is considered on par with "nigger".
Coon
(AUS,U.S. & U.K) a black person. Possibly from Portuguese barracoos, a building constructed to hold slaves for sale (1837).[30]
Coonass
(U.S.) a Cajun person, either from French 'conasse' (meaning 'stupid bitch') or (more likely) because they were regarded as lower than Coons (see above). Today, some Cajuns use the term among themselves as a mark of pride or an in-joke, but many consider its use by non-Cajuns derogatory.
Cowboy
(Europe) an American, often used by political cartoonists. (Not offensive to many Americans due to lack of awareness of a stereotype across world cultures).[37]
Cracker
(U.S.) a white person, esp. one in the South or Appalachia with a poor, rural background. Derogatory, though sometimes used self-referentially and interchangeably with "good ol' boy". Earliest OED citation states: crackers; a name they have got from being great boasters (1766).
Crow
a black person,[38] spec. a black woman.
Culchie
(Ireland) A term used by natives of urban areas, especially Dublin, to describe people from outside the city, from rural Ireland. Word is reported to stem from a mispronunciation of the village of Kiltimagh (kill-che-mock), County Mayo, or the phrase "culturally retarded". A person from County Cork may sometimes be called a 'rednecked culchie'. However, the authoritative books on the issue ("Slanguage", "Dictionary of Irish Slang", etc) generally say that it came from the introduction of Agricultural Science students to the main campus of UCD in the 1960s. The other students shortened "Agricultural" to "culchie" and the name spread to mean all non-Dublin people.[39]
Cunt-eyed
(U.S.) adjective: a person with slanted eyes [first used in the 1910s][40]

D

Dago
(U.S.) someone of Italian descent (originally derived from the Spanish name Diego, it was applied to Spanish, Portuguese or Italian sailors)
(UK) a Italian or Spanish person, often greasy dago; any person from a Spanish-speaking country
Somebody from Argentina (increasingly common since Argentine economic crisis of 2001)
Darkie or darky
(U.S. and elsewhere) a derogatory term for a black person; also a racist, iconic caricature with inky-black skin, googly eyes and exaggerated red, pink or white lips; a celebrated example of its use was in a popular song of 1928 entitled "Mississippi Mud," performed by the Paul Whiteman Orchestra and sung by the "Rhythm Boys," whose members included Bing Crosby and Johnny Mercer. See also Blackface.
Darkness
(N. America) An extremely dark skinned black person; gained popularity from its use on 'Chappelle's Show'.
Desi
Self-referential racial term used by South Asians (Indians, Pakistanis, Bangladeshis and Sri Lankans) living in the US and UK. It's considered an offensive term if used by people outside the ethnic group.
Dogan, dogun
(CAN) Irish Catholic [19th century on; origin uncertain: perhaps from Dugan, an Irish surname].[41]
Dutchman
noun. (1) [19th century on, Dutch being corrupted from the Pennsylvania German self-descriptive word Deitsch] Anyone of Germanic heritage (as with Anglo-Celtic Pennsylvanians) a Pennsylvania German; (2) (mid-1800s to 1920s) a foreigner, especially one who does not speak English well; (3) a bar keeper;[42] (4) anglophone South African whites, used for Afrikaner[43]

E

Egg
(Canada) a white person who "acts" like an Asian (white on the outside, yellow on the inside)

F

Fenian
(Northern Ireland & west of Scotland Protestants) originally the name of a political movement, the Irish Republican Brotherhood, but now a derogatory term aimed at Catholics, especially those thought to sympathise with the IRA.[44]
Field Nigger/Field Slave
(U.S.) A dark skinned or uneducated black person. Usually used by other blacks. Derives from slave times when dark skinned blacks were relegated to outdoor work. See house nigger.
Flapdragon
obsolete: German; dutchman.[45]
Free Stater
(Ireland) a citizen of the Republic of Ireland, especially to Ulster Protestants. Also used by Irish republicans to refer to Irish people who they believe are less than patriotic.[46]
Fritz
(UK, France, Hungary ("fricc"), Russia [фриц] ) a German [from Friedrich (Frederick)].[47]
Frog
(UK) A French person. Comes from the French recipe for eating frogs' legs (see comparable French term Rosbif). Also used in Canada to refer to both the French and French Canadians.[48]

G

Gable
a black person.[49]
Gin
(AUS) an Aboriginal woman.[50]
Ginzo
(U.S.) an Italian-American.[51]
Golliwogg
(UK Commonwealth) a dark-skinned person, after Florence Kate Upton's children's book character
Goober
(U.S.) a rural person with a "glorious lack of sophistication" (from the slang term for "peanut")
Gook
(U.S. military slang) A misunderstood word thought to be derogatory by American troops in the Korean War that was derived from the words “hangook” and “migook”. “Hangook” refers to Korea[31] [32] and “migook” is the common word for America.[33] American troops misinterpreted "migook" (sounds like "me gook") as an assertion of "I am a gook". During the Vietnam War, it was mistakenly labeled to the Vietnamese people who also have a similar word “han quốc” which means country. Popularized to include any `Mongoloid' Asian after its widespread use during the War. Like chink, extremely offensive.
Goombah or Goomba
(US) an Italian American. Occasionally non-offensive.
Goreh
(India) "White man" or non-Indian, used in a derogatory manner.
Goy (גוי)
(Jews) a non-Jew (Gentile) or someone who does not practice Judaism; The Hebrew and Yiddish word goy (plural: גוים, goyim) means "nation" or "people" (and not "cattle", as is sometimes asserted). While the word is used over 550 times in the Hebrew Bible referring to both the Israelites and non-Israelites, it can be used as an insult. When applied by Jews to other Jews in modern times, it is almost always derogatory and implies either non-compliance with Jewish law or behavior inconsistent with traditional Judaism. "Goj" (plural "Gojiem") is also the accepted Dutch word for a non-Jew.
Goyisher kopf
(Jews) This exclamation is said by Jews when they say or do something stupid (literally, "gentile-head"). Extremely derogatory term that reinforces a "positive" Jewish stereotype that all Jews are smart.[52]
Greaseball
(US) A person of Italian descent. Occasionally used to refer to anyone of Mediterranean or Latin heritage. [53]
Gringo
(The Americas) Non-Hispanic U.S. national. Hence Gringolandia, the United States; not always a pejorative term, unless used in an offensive manner.
(Brazil) Any foreigner.
(Northeastern United States) A tourist from Middle America.
(Most countries in Latin America) Blonde, blue-eyed or green-eyed or person with white features, not a pejorative term.
(may be from "griego", the Spanish word for "Greek")
Gubba
(AUS) Aboriginal (Koori) term for white people[54] - derived from Governor / Gubbanah
Guinea
(U.S.) someone of Italian descent. (Derives from "Guinea Negro", which came from the popular belief that Italians were part African because of their darker skin, and/or former Moorish domination of parts of S. Italy.)[55]
Gweilo, gwailo, or kwai lo (鬼佬)
(Hong Kong and South China) A White man. Loosely translated as "foreign devil." Gwei means "ghost." The color white is associated with ghosts in China. A lo is a regular guy (i.e. a fellow, a chap, or a bloke).[34] Once a mark of xenophobia, the word was promoted by Maoists and is now in general, informal use.[35]
Gyppo, gippo, gypo, gyppie, gyppo, gyppy, gipp
(UK) a. A Gypsy (see below). b. (UK and Australian military) Egyptians,[56] sometimes used affectionately, but "bloody Gyppo" was a term of abuse.

H

Hajji
(North America) an Iraqi, Arab, Muslim, or occasionally other nonwhite, a discouraged U.S. military term; to Arabs who have made the Hajj to Mecca, the title Hajji is a compliment (See Hajj for non-offensive usage). Also associated with Hadji of Jonny Quest
Hans
(Turkey, Russia) German man, see Helga[57]
Hillbilly
(U.S.) a rural white person, esp. one from Appalachia or the Ozarks.
Hindoo
(AUS) 19th century, Hindu. Often not offensive.[58] In Canada, this in either spelling is heavily offensive when used in reference to Canadian Sikhs.
Holy Roller
(U.S.) ritualistic Protestants prone to shaking (Shakers), quaking (Quakers), rolling on the floor, suffering from fits or "speaking in tongues" (Pentecostals during worship or prayer)
Honky also spelled "honkey" or "honkie"
(U.S. blacks) a white person (derived from "hunkie" or from "honky-tonk") offensive. Also used in S.E. Asia in reference to people from Hong Kong, mostly by people from Hong Kong.
Hoosier
(St. Louis area of Missouri and Illinois) a lower class, uneducated white person. Anywhere else, a non-offensive term for a native of Indiana.
Hoser & Hosehead
(North America) derogatory term for Canadians (sometimes used by Canadians to disparage other Canadians)
Husky
an Eskimo of Labrador and northeastern Canada or his language -- sometimes taken to be offensive [probably by shortening & alteration from Eskimo][59]
Hymietown
(U.S.) A derogatory term for New York City, referencing the prevalent Jewish population there. Apparently in 1984, Jesse Jackson referred to NYC by the handle Hymietown in off-the-record conversations with reporters. When he was initially called to task for this anti-Semitic remark he flatly denied having ever said it. Milton Coleman, a trailblazing African-American reporter from the Washington Post, insisted that Jackson had used the expression, and Jackson later admitted his "error".

I

Ikey / ike iky : a Jew [from Isaac][60]
Ikey-mo / ikeymo
a Jew [from Isaac and Moses][61]
Indian giver
(North America) slur against Native Americans implying dishonesty, But rarely actually used in reference to Native Americans. "Indian giver" is a general descriptive slur meaning to give something and then want it back.
inkface
a black person.[62]
Irvingite
a member of the Catholic Apostolic Church -- often taken to be offensive [Edward Irving died 1834 Scottish clergyman + -ite][63]

J

Jackeen
(Ireland) A derogatory term in rural Ireland for a person from Dublin, possibly because of Dublin's Unionist community at the start of the 1900s, or possible a reference to the term Jacobite.[64]
Jack Mormon
(Western U.S.) a. a non-faithful LDS person, b. a non-Mormon.[65]
JAFA, jafa
(NZ) Just Another Fucking Aucklander. A resident of Auckland New Zealand, as referred to by other New Zealanders.[66] (UK) Just Another Fucking Aussie. Used by the British to describe Australians in the United Kingdom, particularly in London.
Jap
(U.S., UK, & AUS) a term denoting anything Japanese.
JAP
(U.S.) Jewish-American Princess, referring to perceived spoiled, snotty daughters of rich Jews.
Jatt
(India & UK) a low-class rural person, who farms in North West India, and usually lacks manners or education. Usually used as a term of abuse to describe someone who is very stupid or does not understand things easliy. Usage, e.g.: "Why can't you understand what I am telling you, are you some kind of Jatt!!!"
Jazz-bo
a black person.[67]
Jerry
(UK Commonwealth, especially during WWII) a. a German national. b. a German soldier [Probably an alteration of German][68]
Jewish American Princess (JAP)
(U.S.) Affluent/spoiled Jewish woman. Often used in the American Northeast as a descriptor for any stuck-up and spoiled teenager or young woman, regardless of religion. /Aust., spoilt Jewish adolescents (Jewish American Prince or Princess)
Jew
(INTN'L) Universal insult of a Jewish person/people.
Jewbagel
(U.S.) Referring to the use of Kosher Bagel and egg sandwich.
Jigaboo, jiggabo, jijjiboo, zigabo, jig, jigg, jiggy, jigga
(U.S. & UK) a black person (JB) with stereotypical black features (dark skin, wide nose, etc.).[69]
Jim Crow
(US) a black person; also the name for the segregation laws prevalent in much of the United States until the civil rights movement of the 1950s and 1960s.
Jim Fish
(South Africa) a black person[70]
Jock, jocky, jockie
(UK) A Scottish person, used by the English.
John Bulls
(U.S.) Englishmen, not necessarily a derisive term but can be mildly derisive
Jungle bunny
(U.S. & UK) a black person.[71]

K

Kaffir, kaffer, kaffir, kafir, kaffre
(South Africa) a. a black person. Very offensive. Usage: Kaffir Boy was a famous autobiographical book by Mark Mathabane about his childhood in South Africa. (The South African Consul General in Lethal Weapon 2 calls Mel Gibson 'kaffir lover'.) b. also caffer or caffre: a non-Muslim. c. a member of a people inhabiting the Hindu Kush mountains of north-east Afghanistan [Origin is disputed. Possibly from the Arab word kafir meaning 'non-Muslim' or 'infidel', perhaps originating in the East African slave trade which was largely run by Arabians and migrating to South Africa.][72]
Kike or kyke
(U.S.) a Jew. From kikel, Yiddish for "circle". Immigrant Jews signed legal documents with an "O" (similar to an "X").[73]
Kimchi
(North America) a Korean, from the spicy pickled Korean cabbage, known for its strong odor.
Knacker
(Ireland) reference to members of the travelling community in Ireland; the word "knacker" refers to someone who buys discarded structures and dismantles them to sell the materials. Also refers to Dublin's working classes who are similar to skangers.[74]
Kraut (from Sauerkraut)
(North America & British Commonwealth) U.S. and British term for a German, most specifically during World War II.

L

Ladino
a. (Middle America) Mestizo; half-breed b. (Latin America) a Spanish-speaking Indian c. (Middle America) a white Hispanic person.[75] In Portuguese, the word "ladino" means "vulpine", "cunning."
Latke or Latka
(U.S.) an Eastern European immigrant - from the television program "Taxi" (also a potato pancake)
Lawn jockey
(US) African American.
Leb / Lebo
(AUS) Lebanese. Considered highly offensive to the point of being a 'fighting word'.
Left-footer
(Northern Ireland) (West of Scotland) Catholic (Northern Ireland)[76] Used by Protestants to describe Catholics or a supporter of Celtic FC. From the myth in Glasgow that Irish Catholic labourers pushed spades into the ground their left foot and kicked footballs with the left foot.
Limey
(US) A British person. Comes from the historical British naval practice of giving sailors limes to stave off scurvy.[77]
Lubra
(AUS) a. Aboriginal woman, similar to "squaw" [probably from a Tasmanian Aboriginal language]. b. a woman in general.[78]
Lumbee
(North & South Carolina) disparaging term for persons of mixed Native American, Black & European ancestry, the term Lumbee derived from town "Lumberton" in south-central North Carolina, home to a community of mixed Native American, Black, and White ancestry who claim to be a Native American Tribe, although not recognized as such by the Bureau of Indian Affairs.

M

Macaca
epithet used to describe a Negro (originally) or a person of North-African origin (more recently).
Makak
(Belgium & the Netherlands) a Moroccan; derived from macaque. Also macaca, in reference to North or Subsaharan Africans, originally used by French and Belgian colonialists.
Mammy or Mammy Woman
(U.S.) an unflattering term for a mature black woman - usually subservient (term popularized by Al Jolson in song and film), a pop culture example is Hattie McDaniel's character in Gone with the Wind for which she won the Academy Award
Māori cannon
(New Zealand) a badly-played shot in billiards or snooker. used from the 1940s to the 1950s[79]
Māori car
an old or broken-down vehicle. used in the 1980s. (New Zealand)[80]
Māori day off
(New Zealand) unauthorized absence from work[81]
Māori holiday
(New Zealand) the day after payday[82]
Māori P.T.
(New Zealand) taking it easy and doing nothing[83]
Marrano
(Spain) a Jewish convert to Christianity, usually for social and not spiritual reasons; derives from the Inquisition; today, can be used to describe a Jew who marries a Catholic. Can also be called a Converso. (It is also a Latin American Spanish slang synonym for "dirty pig" or swine.)[84]
Mashed potatoes
(Gay Asian Americans) a white person who is exclusively attracted to whites (an emerging term by association with Sticky Rice)[85][86]
Master Race
(UK Commonwealth & U.S.) a mocking term for a German or the German people (from Hitler's term for the "Aryan Race")
(Scotland, Wales) English persons possessing strong Unionist opinions and an attitude that other parts of the UK are the "property" of England.
Meatball
(U.S.) a sometimes derogatory term for someone of Italian descent. Referenced in the movie Rocky III by Hulk Hogan to Rocky Balboa.
Meeskite or Meeshkite
(North America) an unattractive Jewish woman - a Yiddish term (for example, Barbra Streisand refers to herself as a Brooklyn Meeshkite)
'Merkan or Merkin
(British) an American, sarcastic reference to the North American pronunciation of the word 'American'. Spelling is variable but internet use tends to use the former when being "polite" and the latter when deemed appropriate (as a merkin, a pubic wig, is something "very close to a prick").
Mick, Mickey, Mickey Finn
a. (Britain, Commonwealth & U.S.) an Irish person or a person of Irish descent. From the prefix "Mc"/"Mac" meaning "son of" that is commonly found in Irish surnames. b. (Australia) a Roman Catholic [19th century on, from Michael].[87] Mickey Finn, a popular date rape drug.
Million Dollar Nigger
(Midwestern U.S.) a professional athlete (the term was popularized by the Marge Schott - owner of the Cincinnati Reds baseball team)
Miney
(Passaic County, New Jersey) A term for Ramapough Indians, since Ramapoughs worked in the iron mines of Ringwood, NJ. It has replaced the more pejorative Jackson Whites.
Mock / moch
(U.S.) a Jew [first used in the 1960s as an abbreviated form of mocky (qv)][88]
Mocky / moky / moxy / mockey / mockie / mocky
(U.S.) a Jew [first used in the 1930s][89]
Mohawk
(North America) This is a derogatory word for the Kaniengehagas or Kanienkehaka Native Americans that means "cannibal" in Algonquian. It has been adopted by Western settlers as the actual name for that nation.
Mong
(UK) Person who's mentally ill
Moke / moak / moke
(U.S.) a black person[90]
Mongolian
(Australia) obsolete: a Chinese immigrant[91]
Mongrel
(U.S.) a person of mixed ethnic heritage.
Monkey
(UK) a black person.[92].
Moon Cricket
a black person, especially used in the South.
Mosshead
a black person.[93]
Munt
(among whites in South Africa, Zimbabwe, and Zambia) a black person from muntu, the singular of Bantu[94]
Mustard seed
(U.S.) a light-skinned person with one white and one black parent[95]

N

Napkin Nigger
Offensive term used to describe Indians[96]
Navajo
(North America) name given to the Diné Indians by their enemies, the Tewa Pueblo Native Americans. It may mean "thieves" or "takers from the fields." It was adopted by Western settlers as the actual name of the Diné, and despite its dubious origin, many Diné today accept being called Navajo rather than insisting on Diné.
Ned (Scottish)
(Scotland) A delinquent teenager who typically loves bling, wears tracksuits and a baseball cap and is often involved in gang behaviour - violent or otherwise. English equivalent is a chav.
Newfie, Newfier, Newf
(CAN) a person from Newfoundland,[97] can be used as a term of pride.
Nez Percé
(North America) this phrase, which means "pierced noses" in French, is the name given to the Nimipu Native North Americans by French trappers.
Nig-nog
(UK & U.S.) a black person.[98]
Nigger / niger / nigor / nigra / nigre (Caribbean) / nigar / niggor / niggur / nigga / niggah / niggar / nigguh/ nuh
(U.S., UK) a black person. Can also generally be used toward anyone with brown or darker skin, such as an Indian. From the word negro which means the color black in numerous languages. Diminutive appellations include "Nigg", "Nigz" and "Groid". The terms "Nigga" and "Niggaz" (plural) are frequently used between African-Americans and between whites without the negative associations of "Nigger." Use of the word is often perceived as extremely offensive if used by a white person in any context.
(Australia, New Zealand) a Māori or Aboriginal person.
Nigger baby
(U.S. Military) obsolete: a type of large cannonball [first used in the 1870s][99]
Nigger shooter
a slingshot[100]
Nigra / negra / niggra / nigrah / nigruh
(U.S.) offensive for a black person [first used in the early 1900s][101]
Niglet (2)
(UK) Similar to the U.S. version but without the combination with piglet, refers to a baby or child "Nigger".
Nip
(U.S.) someone of Japanese descent (shortened version of Nipponese, from Japanese name for Japan, Nippon)[102]
Nitchie, neche, neechee, neejee, nichi, nichiwa, nidge, nitchee, nitchy
(CAN) a North American Indian [From the Algonquian word for "friend"].[103]
Noggy
(Australia) An Asian, or a person of Asian origin [originated among Australian soldiers in the Korean and Vietnam wars as a name for their Asian counterparts[104]
North Briton
(UK/Scotland) A Scottish person who identifies themselves as Unionist.

O

Ocker
(AUS & NZ) Uncultivated Australian.[105]
Ofay
(U.S.) A white person
Oil-Spill
(Canada) Refers to the similarity between the pigment of peoples of African descent and the color of oil; used with a negative connotation for Africans as per the extremely dark pigmentation of their skin; similar to "Tar Baby".
Orangie / orangey
(Ireland/UK) a derogatory term for pro-British Ulster Protestants. [referring to supporters of the Orange Order][106]
Oreo or Oreo Cookie
(U.S.) someone of black and white descent (or a black person who "acts white"; black on the outside & white on the inside; see Carlton) often used by lower class blacks against professional and educated blacks, and/or inner city blacks against suburban blacks.
Oriental
(UK Commonwealth & U.S.) an Asian person, considered offensive by Asians because they claim that objects (rugs, art, etc) are Oriental and people are Asian, although in the UK Asian is only ever used to refer to people originating in India, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka

P

Paddy or Patty
a. (UK & U.S.) an Irish person (from the popular Irish name "Patrick"). In 19th-century America, police wagons were called "Paddy Wagons"; it's unclear if this was because most of the police, or most of the arrestees were Irish or "paddies". See also Plastic Paddy.
Paki / Pakki / Pakky / Pak
(Primarily UK, sometimes US and India) a Pakistani or other South Asian. It is considered offensive when used by a non-South Asian in the UK.[107]
Paleface
(U.S.) a White person.
Panhead
(Australia) A gook.[108]
Papist / papish / paypish
(Northern Ireland and Scottish Protestants) a Roman Catholic person - usually Irish Catholic.[109]
Patel
(U.S.) a derogatory term for someone of Indian descent. Patel is a very common surname for Indians, like "Smith" is in America.[110]
Payo
(Spain; U.S.) a non-Gypsy.[111]
Pea soup, pea-souper
(CAN) obsolete: a Quebecer (or "French-Canadian").[112] From French Pea Soup
Peckerwood
(U.S.) a white person (southerner). The term "Peckerwood", an inversion of "Woodpecker", is used as a pejorative term. This word was coined in the 19th century by southern blacks to describe poor whites. They considered them loud and troublesome like the bird, and often with red hair like the woodpecker's head plumes.
Pickaninny, pickaninnie
(UK & U.S.) black child, from Spanish peque niño (little boy) — in South African picannin is used.
Pikey / piky / piker
(Britain) a. gypsy, b. a lower-class person. Sometimes used to refer to an Irish person [19th century on].[113]
Pima
Name given to the Akimel O'odham or Ahkeemult O'odham Native Americans. It means "I don't know" in their language, which was apparently their reply when asked their name in Spanish by an early explorer. Despite its origin, many members of this tribe refer to themselves as such.
Pocho / pocha
(Southwest U.S., Mexico) adjective: term for a person of Mexican heritage who is partially or fully assimilated into American culture (literally, "over-ripe").[114] (See also "Chicano")
Pollack
(US) A person of Polish descent.
Pom, Pohm, Pommy, Pommie
(AUS/NZ/SA) a British (usually English) immigrant. Some claim it derives from "Prisoner of Mother England", but it probably derives from pomegranate, rhyming slang for "immigrant,[115] jimmygrant, pommygrant". It is often used irreverently and is not usually considered offensive. Many such migrants to Australia call themselves "ten pound poms", because they paid ten pounds for their passage to Australia in the 1950s. Often combined with an adjective, particularly whingeing pom, a reference to migrants who complained about their adopted country.
Porch monkey
(U.S.) a black person. Recently popularized by the film Clerks II. (See also "Alabama porch monkey".)
Porridge Wog
(N. Ireland, UK military) A Scot, from their supposed diet
powder burn
a black person.[116]
Pretendian or Pretindian
(North America) Used primarily to describe a white American of limited (or nonexistent) Native American ancestry that claims to be racially, and culturally American Indian.
Prod, proddy, proddie, proddie-dog
(Scotland / Ireland / Liverpool) a Protestant. ;Proddy, proddy dog : (AUS Catholics (particularly school kids)) term for Protestants, particularly rival kids from Protestant schools. "Proddywhoddy" and "proddywoddy" are used in children's school rhymes in Cork.[117]

Q

Quashie
a black person.[118]

R

Rad
A mildly derogatory term used in the 1980's by American G.I.'s for Germans. From elderly Germans' use of the word comrade.
Raghead
(U.S.) someone of Middle Eastern descent
(UK) a Sikh, or any South Asian
Ragtop
See Raghead above.
(Canada) a Sikh, a South Asian, Arab or Persian
Rasta
(International) a native Caribbean black person; more accurately, a Rastafarian
Red Man
(U.S.) a name used by Native Americans, but is considered racist if used by other races.
Redneck
(U.S.) a rural white person, typically of Scots-Irish descent. There are varying possible etymologies for this term. Primarily used to denote lower-class rural whites.
Redskin
(U.S. & UK) a slang term for Native Americans.
Rhineland Bastard
(Nazi Germany) children of mixed African and German parentage.
(UK military) a member of the RAF Regiment (with no associated ethnic meaning)
Roman
Roman Catholic -- often taken to be offensive[119]
Rosbif or Rosbeef
(English: Roast Beef): (France) a British person, from the stereotypical belief that the English eat exclusively roast beef (see comparable English term Frog).[120]
Roundeye
(English speaking Asians) a white or non-Asian person.[121]
Russellite
one of the Jehovah's Witnesses (Charles Taze Russell died 1916 American religious leader + -ite)[122]

S

Salvi
(U.S.) A Salvadoran born or raised in the United States.[123]
Sambo
(U.S.) a derogatory term for an African American, Black, or sometimes a South Asian person.
Sand Nigger
(US) an Arab, Persian or other swarthy Middle Eastern people, e.g. Armenians, Turks, Azerbaijanis.
Sandgroper
(AUS) a Western Australian of any ethnicity.[124]
Savage
(UK) see Idi Amin [36]
Sawney
(England, archaic) - A Scottish person, local variant of Sandy, short for "Alexander".[125]
Scouser
(UK) Someone from Liverpool. [37]
Shit-skin
(U.S.) black person.[126]
Skibby
(western United States) adjective: Japanese [from the slang word skibby, "Japanese prostitute," probably from Japanese sukebei "lewdness"][127]
Skip
(AUS) a colloquial term for Australians of Northern European (ie, Anglo, Celtic, Dutch, German or Scandinavian) descent. Among people of Mediterranean decent, used as a counter to "wog", and was used to refer to Mediterranean and Middle Eastern people. [From the TV show Skippy the Bush Kangaroo].[128]
Slope, slopehead, slopy, slopey
(U.S. & Aus) a person of Asian (in Australia, especially Vietnamese; in America, especially Chinese) descent.[129]
Smoufty
(Australian military) Any one of Middle Eastern ancestry, mainly Iraqi and Afghan.
Smoked Irish / smoked Irishman
(U.S.) 19th century term for Blacks (intended to insult both Blacks and Irish).[130]
Snowback
(U.S.) A Canadian immigrant.[38][39]
Sootie
(UK & CAN) derogatory term for a person of Afro-Caribbean or subcontinental origin. Derived in the 1860's at the time of the Welsh mining industry.
Sooty
a black person [originated in the U.S. in the 1950s][131]
Spaghetti Bender
(North America and UK) an Italian [132][133]
Spaghetti Nigger
(North America) an Italian [134] [135] [136]
Spic, spick, spik, spig, or spigotty
(U.S.) a. a person of Hispanic descent. [origin uncertain. first recorded use in 1915. theories include (1) from "no spik English" (2) from spig, in turn from spiggoty, which could be from spaghetti as it originally was used to refer to Italians as well when coined in 1910. Common belief is that it is an abbreviation of "Hispanic", although this is probably an anachronism] b. the Spanish language.[137] (See also Spic.)
Spook
(U.S. whites) a black person (used in the movies Taxi Driver and Back to the Future;[138] its ambiguity – another meaning being "a specter" – is an essential part of the plot of Philip Roth's novel The Human Stain)
Spud Islander
(CAN) a person born on Prince Edward Island in the Maritimes - from the amount of potatoes or "spuds" grown there.[139]
Squaw
(U.S.) Often offensive term for female Native American.[140]
Swamp Yankee
(U.S.:New England) refers to rural white, Anglo-Saxon, Protestant farmers in New England, particularly in Rhode Island and western Connecticut.[141]

T

Taffy or Taff
(UK) a Welsh person. First used ca. 17th century. From the River Taff or the Welsh pronunciation of the name David (in Welsh, Dafydd).[142] Children's rhyme: "Taffy was a Welshman, Taffy was a thief". Highly offensive when used by an Englishman.
Taig / teig / teague / teg
a. (Northern Ireland Protestants) a Catholic, from Tadhg, Irish for Timothy. Comparable to "nigger". b. (England) obsolete: an Irishman.[143]
Tar baby
(U.K.; U.S.; and N.Z.) a black child.[144]
Teapot
(British) A black person. [1800s][145]
thicklips
a black person.[146]
Tinker / tynekere / tinkere / tynkere, -are / tynker / tenker / tinkar / tyncar / tinkard / tynkard / tincker
a. (Britain & Ireland) an inconsequential person (typically lower class);
b. (Scotland and Ireland) a Gypsy [origin unknown][147]
c. (Scotland) a member of the native community previously itinerant (but mainly now settled) who were reputed for their production of domestic implements from basic materials and for repair of the same items, being also known in the past as "travelling tinsmiths". The slur is possibly derived from a reputation for rowdy and alcoholic recreation. Often wrongly confused with Gypsy/Romany people.
Towelhead
(U.S.) anyone who wears a head turban. Derisively applied toward Middle Easterners, Muslims and Sikhs.[148] Australia, wearers of religious headdress, particularly Sikhs.
Twinky
(U.S) an Asian man who acts white, e.g. yellow on the outside, white on the inside. (see Harold & Kumar Go to White Castle)

U

Uncle Tom
(U.S. Blacks) term for someone who panders to white people; a "sellout" (taken from Harriet Beecher Stowe's ";Uncle Tom's Cabin".)

V

W

WASP
(North America) White Anglo-Saxon Protestant - offensiveness questionable as many "wasps" self-identify as such (originated as shorthand term in sociology)
(Scotland, Ireland, Wales) an Englishmen as described above but also possessing an excessive and offensive attitude of superiority over others not fitting the same description
West Briton
(Ireland) is for an Irish person who has sympathies toward Britain, or who imitates the English.[149]
Welcher
(UK and US) One who dishonors his obligation to pay debts or wagers. [150] Offensive because it implies that is characteristic of the Welsh people.
Westie/Westy
(Aus/NZ) A person from the western suburbs of Auckland or Sydney, the slur implying lower class
Wetback, wetter, wab
(U.S.) an illegal Mexican immigrant (presumably having swam across the Rio Grande).
White trash also poor white trash
(U.S.) an unrefined white person - usually poorly educated
Whitey : African-American slang, ; whitey is a term for white people, particularly those seen as instances of The Man;
Wigger
(North America) A young white male devotee of African-American pop culture.
Wog
(UK) A dark-skinned South Asian or Arab. The origin of this term is disputed, but acronyms such as 'Western Oriental Gentleman' are almost certainly false.
(AUS) A Middle Easterner or Mediterranean-European (especially Greek or Italian) person (sometimes any foreigner). The term, once offensive, has been appropriated by second-generation Mediterranean Australians and is used humorously or with pride, as in "wog culture" and the successful comedy show Wogs Out of Work. Some Australians refer to soccer as "wogball".
Other non ethnic meanings are covered in the main article.
Wop
(U.S. & UK) an Italian (sometimes any Southern European), especially an immigrant; probably originated in the U.S., but later spread to other countries. Probably derives from the Neapolitan slang term guappo! (pretty/handsome one), often used by the first immigrants from Italy to address or call to each other. Popular etymology gives the origin as "WithOut Passport", although some believe the acronym derived from "WithOut Papers" or "Without Official Papers", suggesting illegal immigration. This folk etymology sometimes combines the term with "guinea" to form "Giny Wop," with Giny being an acronym for Going Into New York, hence "Going Into New York Without Official Papers".

X

Y

Yankee
(International outside of U.S.) a person from America; the term may be meant as an insult (e.g., Yankee Go Home). (U.S.) denotes someone from the northern United States; if used by someone from the southern United States the term is meant to be derogatory.
Yob / yobbo
(AUS; N.Z.; CAN) lower-class Australian; lout; yokel [back slang for boy].[151]
Yokel
(U.S./Canada) an unrefined white person, implicitly rural and "hick" (not necessarily "white trash" but inclusive of same).[152]

Z

Zhid
a Jew (from Russian)

See also

References

  1. ^ Richard A. Spears, Slang and Euphemism, (2001) p. 130
  2. ^ Mendosa, David, www.mendosa.com www.mendosa.com "Radio and Identification Codes"
  3. ^ Spears, loc. cit. p. 1.
  4. ^ Bruce Moore (editor), The Australian Oxford Dictionary, (2004) p. 3.
  5. ^ Speers, loc. cit. p.4.
  6. ^ Speers, loc. cit. pg. 6.
  7. ^ Green, loc. cit. p. 19.
  8. ^ http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=americanadian
  9. ^ Webster.com/dictionary/anglo
  10. ^ Macquarie Dictionary (3rd ed)
  11. ^ Hugh Rawson, Wicked Words, (1989) p. 19.
  12. ^ Spears, loc. cit. p. 10.
  13. ^ Green, loc. cit. p. 25.
  14. ^ Ibid. p. 26.
  15. ^ Ibid. p. 27.
  16. ^ Spears, loc. cit. p. 12.
  17. ^ Green, loc. cit. p. 36.
  18. ^ Spears, loc. cit. p. 14.
  19. ^ The Oxford Dictionary of English (revised edition). Ed. Catherine Soanes and Angus Stevenson. (Oxford University Press, 2005) [Accessed 6 May 2006]
  20. ^ The Australian Oxford Dictionary, 2nd edition. Ed. Bruce Moore. (Oxford University Press, 2004) [Accessed 6 May 2006].
  21. ^ Bernard Share, Slanguage: A Dictionary of Irish Slang (2003) p. 23.
  22. ^ 100777.com
  23. ^ The Canadian Oxford Dictionary. Katherine Barber. (Oxford University Press: 2004) [Accessed 8 May 2006]
  24. ^ Dictionnaire, p. 103; "boche," Webster's.
  25. ^ "Costello Slammed for 'Bog Irish' Slurs", Irish Voice, October 13, 1998
  26. ^ Benson, Marius, "A life more ordinary", Expatica
  27. ^ [http://www.bartelby.com/61/5/B0370500.html
  28. ^ Moore, op. cit. [Accessed 6 May 2006].
  29. ^ "boonga" The New Zealand Oxford Dictionary. Tony Deverson. (Oxford University Press: 2004) Oxford Reference Online.[Accessed 6 May 2006].
  30. ^ Green, op. cit. p.154.
  31. ^ Spears, op. cit. p. 118.
  32. ^ Green, op. cit. p.154.
  33. ^ "calorro" Collins Spanish Dictionary 5th ed. (Harper Collins: 2003) p. 166.
  34. ^ "chee-chee." Webster's [Accessed 12 Mar. 2006].
  35. ^ Simpson, "Chinky"
  36. ^ "clog," Moore, op. cit. [Accessed 7 May 2006].
  37. ^ www.opinionjournal.com
  38. ^ "crow." Webster's [Accessed 12 Mar. 2006].
  39. ^ Share, op. cit. p. 76.
  40. ^ Green, op. cit.
  41. ^ "dogan," Barber, op. cit. [Accessed 7 May 2006].
  42. ^ Green, Cassell, p. 383.
  43. ^ "Dutch", Webster's [Accessed February 15, 2006].
  44. ^ Share, op. cit. p. 105.
  45. ^ "flapdragon." Webster's [Accessed 6 Apr. 2006].
  46. ^ Simpson, "free stater", op. cit.
  47. ^ Grand Dictionnaire (Larousse: 1993) p. 397; "fritz," Webster's.
  48. ^ Dictionary.com [1]
  49. ^ Spears, op. cit. p. 118.
  50. ^ "gin," Moore, op. cit. [Accessed 7 May 2006].
  51. ^ "ginzo" The New Oxford American Dictionary, second edition. Ed. Erin McKean. (Oxford University Press: 2005.) <http://www.oxfordreference.com/views/ENTRY.html?subview=Main&entry=t183.e31685> [Accessed 6 May 2006]
  52. ^ [2]
  53. ^ http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/greaseball
  54. ^ "gubba," Moore, op. cit. [Accessed 7 May 2006.]
  55. ^ "Guinea," op. cit. [Accessed 21 Mar. 2006].
  56. ^ Simpson, "gyppo," op. cit.
  57. ^ Green, op. cit, p. 561.
  58. ^ Simpson, "Hindu," op. cit.
  59. ^ "husky," Ibid. [Accessed 12 Mar. 2006].
  60. ^ Simpson. "ikey", loc. cit.
  61. ^ Loc cit. "ikeymo"
  62. ^ Spears, op. cit. p. 118.
  63. ^ "Irvingite." Webster's [Accessed 12 Mar. 2006].
  64. ^ Share, op. cit. p. 168.
  65. ^ Spears, "Jack"
  66. ^ Deverson, "JAFA," op. cit. [Accessed 6 May 2006].
  67. ^ Spears, op. cit. p. 118.
  68. ^ ”Jerry,” Simpson, op. cit.
  69. ^ Simpson, "jigaboo," op. cit.
  70. ^ "Jim Fish." Ibid. [Accessed 12 Mar. 2006].
  71. ^ Simpson, "jungle"
  72. ^ "Kaffir," Webster's.
  73. ^ Wolarsky, Eric, "Kike", Interactive Dictionary of Racial Language, 2001.
  74. ^ Share, op. cit. p. 182.
  75. ^ "ladino" Collins p. 584.
  76. ^ Share, op. cit. p. 189.
  77. ^ Dictionary.com [3]
  78. ^ Simpson, "lubra," op. cit.
  79. ^ Green, loc. cit. p. 770.
  80. ^ Ibid.
  81. ^ Ibid.
  82. ^ Ibid.
  83. ^ Simpson. "Māori," loc. cit.
  84. ^ Ibid. p. 635.
  85. ^ fsw.ucalgary.ca
  86. ^ listserv.brown.edu
  87. ^ "Mick" The Concise Oxford English Dictionary. Ed. Catherine Soanes and Angus Stevenson. (Oxford University Press: 2004) <http://www.oxfordreference.com/views/ENTRY.html?subview=Main&entry=t23.e35140> [Accessed 6 May 2006].
  88. ^ Simpson. "mock," loc. cit.
  89. ^ Ibid. "mocky".
  90. ^ Ibid. "moke".
  91. ^ Ibid. "Mongolian".
  92. ^ The Times Online http://www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,2-2239023,00.html
  93. ^ Spears, op. cit. p. 118.
  94. ^ Simpson. "munt". loc. cit.
  95. ^ Ibid. "mustard seed".
  96. ^ the racial slur database
  97. ^ Ibid. "Newfie"
  98. ^ "nig-nog" Webster's
  99. ^ Ibid. "nigger baby".
  100. ^ "nigger-shooter." Webster's, Accessed 11 Mar. 2006.
  101. ^ Simpson. "nigra," loc. cit.
  102. ^ "nip", Webster's, Accessed 11 Mar. 2006.
  103. ^ "nitchie," Simpson, op. cit.
  104. ^ Bulletin (Sydney) 10 May 1975, 14/2
  105. ^ Moore, "ocker" op. cit. [Accessed 6 May 2006].
  106. ^ Share, op. cit. p. 231.
  107. ^ "pak", Webster's, Accessed 4 Apr. 2006; Simpson. "Paki," loc. cit.
  108. ^ Asian Joke Site
  109. ^ Simpson, "papist" op. cit.; Share, op. cit. p. 237.
  110. ^ [http.://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=patel]
  111. ^ "payo," Collins, p. 739.
  112. ^ Barber, "pea soup," op. cit. [Accessed 7 May 2006]
  113. ^ Simpson, "pikey" op. cit.
  114. ^ Ibid. p. 773.
  115. ^ Moore, "pommy," op. cit. [Accessed 6 May 2006].
  116. ^ Spears, op. cit. p. 118.
  117. ^ Share, op. cit. p. 253.
  118. ^ Spears, op. cit. p. 118.
  119. ^ "roman." Webster's [Accessed 12 Mar. 2006].
  120. ^ "ricain," Dictionnaire, p. 801.
  121. ^ Spears, p. 295.
  122. ^ "russellite." Ibid. [12 Mar. 2006].
  123. ^ "salvi," Collins, p. 888.
  124. ^ "sandgroper" Moore, op. cit. [Accessed 6 May 2006].
  125. ^ Simpson, "sawney", op. cit.
  126. ^ Green, Cassell, p. 1062.
  127. ^ "skibby." Ibid. Accessed 7 Mar. 2006
  128. ^ Moore, "skip," op. cit. [Accessed 6 May 2006].
  129. ^ Moore. "slope," op. cit. [Accessed 6 May 2006]; Simpson, "slope"; "slopy," op. cit.
  130. ^ Spears, op. cit. p. 118.
  131. ^ Simpson, "sooty." loc. cit.
  132. ^ http://www.tv.com/rescue-me/sensitivity/episode/439646/summary.html
  133. ^ www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=spaghetti+bender
  134. ^ www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=spaghetti+nigger
  135. ^ http://www.msrproductions.com/products.asp?id=13
  136. ^ http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/f-news/1709277/posts
  137. ^ Rawson, loc. cit. p. 370.
  138. ^ IMDB – Memorable Quotes from Back to the Future (1985) [Accessed 10 May 2006].
  139. ^ Barber, "Spud Island," op. cit. [Accessed 7 May 2006].
  140. ^ [4]
  141. ^ [5]
  142. ^ Simpson, "taffy", op. cit.
  143. ^ Simpson, "teague", op. cit.
  144. ^ Simpson, "tar", op. cit.
  145. ^ Green, loc. cit. p. 1185.
  146. ^ Spears, op. cit. p. 118.
  147. ^ Simpson, "tinker", op. cit.
  148. ^ Soanes, "towelhead" op. cit. [Accessed 6 May 2006].
  149. ^ Share, op. cit. p. 349.
  150. ^ http://dictionary.reference.com/search?q=Welcher&r=66
  151. ^ Moore, "yob," op. cit. [Accessed 6 May 2006].
  152. ^ www.answers.com

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This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Wood, James, ed. (1907). The Nuttall Encyclopædia. London and New York: Frederick Warne. {{cite encyclopedia}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)

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