Sailana State
| Sailana State | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Princely State | |||||||
| 1736–1948 | |||||||
 Flag
 Coat of arms
| |||||||
| Area | |||||||
• 1881 | 769 km2 (297 sq mi) | ||||||
| Population | |||||||
• 1881 | 29,723 | ||||||
| History | |||||||
• Established | 1736 | ||||||
• accession to the Indian Union | 1948 | ||||||
| |||||||
| Sailana (Princely State) | |||||||
Sailana State was an 11 gun salute princely state in India, part of the Malwa Agency of Central India during the British Raj. The state enjoyed an estimated revenue of £40,360 in 1881.[1]
History
Sailana State was founded by Raja Jai Singh, great-grandson of Maharaja Ratan Singh, founder of Ratlam State. In 1716 Jai singh took revenge against his uncle for the murder of his father, he killed him in a pitched battle at sagode and secured Ratlam for his elder brother. The two brothers then divided the state between themselves. Jai singh's capital was initially at Raoti. He built Sailana town as his new capital in 1736. He fought 22 battles in his lifetime, turning Sailana into an independent state.[2][3] During Raja Mokham Singh's rule, Sailana suffered in war against the Scindias of Gwalior, most of the states eastern and southern lands were annexed. Raja Lakshman Singh of Sailana tried to push the Scindia's out of his kingdom, in 1818 he refused to pay chauth which was regularly levied, the Scindias retaliated by sending an army under Bujang Rao, the Gwalior army which had European arms and was French trained lost its advantage on the hills en route to Sailana and was defeated by Lakshman Singh, the captured soldiers were allowed to leave but all of their guns and artillery were taken. In 1819, Bapu Rao was appointed to punish the raja of Sailana and enforce tribute upon him. Bapu Rao had previously been sent by the Scindia's to defeat and exact tributes from the Maharaja of Jaipur and the Maharana of Udaipur.[4] However on 5 January 1819, John Malcolm mediated between Gwalior and Sailana upon which Raja Lakshman Singh accepted British protection and agreed to pay a fixed tribute of £4,200 to Gwalior (until 1860),[5] in return for Scindia agreeing to refrain from any interference in Sailana. During British rule Sailana saw development under the capable rule of Raja Jashwant Singh II and then under his son Raja Dileep Singh, many reforms were introduced over the coming years, with particular attention being paid to education and the provision of vernacular educational facilities. By 1947, education and medical aid were provided free of charge, the local municipality was placed on a democratic footing and the judiciary and executive made independent of each other. Although the economy was primarily agricultural, some limited industrialisation included oil mills, and iron and steel works. On 15 June 1948, Raja Dileep Singh signed the accession to the Indian Union.[6][7]
Rulers
The chiefs of Sailana are Rathore Rajputs of the Ratnavat Branch.[3]
Rajas
| Name | Year |
|---|---|
| Jai Singh | 1736 – 1757 |
| Jaswant Singh | 1757 – 1772 |
| Ajab Singh | 1772 – 1782 |
| Mokham Singh | 1782 – 1797 |
| Lakshman Singh | 1797 – 1826 |
| Ratan Singh | 1826 – 1827 |
| Nahar Singh | 1827 – 1841 |
| Takhat Singh | 1841 – 1850 |
| Rajmata Nath Kanwarji (regent) | 1850 – 1859 |
| Duleh Singh | 1850 – 1895 |
| Jashwant Singh II | 1895 – 1919 |
| Dileep Singh | 1919 – 1948 (1948 - 1961 titular) |
| Digvijay Singh (titular) | 1961 – 1990 |
| Vikram Singh (titular) | 1990 – present |
Jagirdars of Sailana State
THIKANA KANERI/BIRMAWAL
RAJAS
* Shreeman Maharaj Sahib Ramchandra Singh ji educated at Mayo College at Ajmer [ Class
- Captain [[1]] ] graduated with an M.D.H Degree in Homeopathic Medicine . He granted the estate of Kaneri/Birmawal in 1907 by his father Maharaj Sahib Jashwant Singh ji 2 of sailana state and succeded as the Maharaj Sahib of Kaneri/Birmawal. 1st ly married a daughter of Maharaj Sahib Dhonkal Singh ji of Baidia in Gwalior State,married 2nd ly a daughter of the Maharaj Sahib of Tejpur in Pratapgarh State and had issue.
* Maharaj Sahib Krishnachandra Singh ji of Kaneri/Birmawal born in 1920 , educated at Daily College , Indore , married to Maharani Gulab Kunwar daughter of Rao Sahib Umaid Singhji of Bawal in Gwailor State and have four son and one daughter and had issue.
* Maharaj Sahib Rajendra Singhji born in 1940 and succeed as Maharaj Sahib of Kaneri. Married to Maharanisa Girja Kunwar of Basai in Gwailor State and had two daughter , one son and had issue.(qv)
* Maharaj Sahib Rakesh Singh born in 1968 and succeed as Maharaj Sahib of Kaneri. Married to Madhu Kunwar of Karodiya in Gwailor State .
* Rajkumar Vishwajeet Singh Rathore studying in Saint Joseph's Convent in [[Ratlam]]
* Maharaj Sahib Lokendra Singhji born in 1947 and succeed as Maharaj
Sahib of Birmawal and had two son and married and one daughter and had issue.(qv)
* Rajkumari Baisa Vijiya Kumari born in 1950 , married to Thakur Dr. Umrao Singhji in Neemuch. [M.P]
* Maharaj Sahib Fateh Singhji born in 1958 and succeed as Maharaj Sahib of Kaneri , married and have one son , one daughter and had issue.
* Maharaj Sahib Bhupendra Singhji born in 1960 and succeed as Maharaj Sahib of Kaneri , married and had two son and had issue
== References ==
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{{reflist}}
All the jagirdars owe fealty and service to the ruler and pay cesses and tanka. No jagirdar has the right to adopt without the permission of the raja. The 1st class jagirdars are allowed to wear gold anklets, and at their succession, they are installed by the ruling raja himself. Half of the states lands were alienated because of the large number of Jagirs.[3] Raja Dilip Singh (r. 1919–1948) later extinguished several Jagirs and replaced them with governors. This harsh but effective action helped the states revenue which was then used to provide medical and educational facilities in Sailana.[8][9]
The following were the 1st class Jagirdars of Sailana in 1908.
| Name | Revenue (Rs.) | Dynasty |
|---|---|---|
| Semlia | 30,000 | Rathore |
| Birmawal/Kaneri | 26,000 | Rathore |
| Raoti | 20,000 | Rathore |
| Kariya | 17,000 | Rathore |
The following were the 2nd class Jagirdars of Sailana in 1908.
| Name | Revenue (Rs.) | Dynasty |
|---|---|---|
| Ghatwas | 5,00 | Rathore |
| Umran | 4,000 | Songara |
| Nayapura | 1,100 | Rathore |
| Mewasa | 3,000 | Sisodia |
| Chandoria | 2,000 | Rathore |
| Nalkui | 1,700 | Songara |
| Kotria | 1,200 | Rathore |
| Bharoda | 4,000 | Rathore |
| Advania | 6,000 | Rathore |
| Morda | 4,000 | Rathore |
The 3rd class jagirdars were hereditary office holders of the state.
Coins of Sailana
The original currency of Sailana was the "Salim Shahi". They were copper coins which were minted in Sailana State. However after 1897 Salim Shahi was discontinued and replaced with the British Rupee.[3] Sailana was under British protection, and issued coins of same design as British India coinage, minted by the same mints. One-quarter anna (1 paisa) coins of Sailana were minted in 2 years - 1908 and 1912 - these coins were the same size, weight and composition as the British India one-quarter anna coin. On one side, these coins had the portrait of the Emperor, Edward VII in 1908 and George V in 1912. The reverse of the coin mentioned the name of the Sailana state.[10]
See also
References
- ^ The Imperial Gazetteer of India, Volume 12, pg 141
- ^ Malwa in Transition Or a Century of Anarchy: The First Phase, 1698-1765 pg.123-125
- ^ a b c d Imperial Gazetteer of India. Vol. Vol.21. Oxford: Clarendon Press. 1908. pp. 385–7.
{{cite book}}:|volume=has extra text (help) - ^ History of the Marathas By R.S. Chaurasia p.41
- ^ https://books.google.co.in/books?id=7JQbAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA142&dq=imperial+gazetteer+sailana+state&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjmibm534flAhU-H7cAHXpYDp8Q6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=imperial%20gazetteer%20sailana%20state&f=false
- ^ Princely States of India
- ^ Sailana through the ages by Jayantilaal Mehta
- ^ Rulers, Leading families, and officials in the states of central India Pg.152-154
- ^ Sailana through the ages by Jayantilaal Mehta p. 109
- ^ https://www.tezbid.com/blogs/blogs/p-know-your-india-coins-of-sailana-p-p-p