2022 visit by Nancy Pelosi to Taiwan

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2022 visit by Nancy Pelosi to Taiwan
Pelosi and President Tsai hold a press conference in Taiwan's Presidential Office.
DateAugust 2–3, 2022 (2022-08-02 – 2022-08-03)
LocationTaipei, Taiwan

United States politician Nancy Pelosi, whilst serving as the speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives, visited Taiwan (officially the Republic of China) on August 2, 2022. She was accompanied by a delegation of five Democratic Party members of the House. The two-day trip to Taiwan was part of a tour of Asia that also included stops in Singapore, Malaysia, South Korea, and Japan.[1] The White House was reported to have been initially divided over the appropriateness of the trip but later affirmed Pelosi’s right to visit Taiwan.[2][3][4][5]

Pelosi and her delegation were received by Taiwanese foreign minister Joseph Wu.[6] Shortly after her arrival, Pelosi said that her visit was a sign of the United States' "unwavering commitment to supporting Taiwan's vibrant democracy."[1] She addressed the Legislative Yuan and met with President Tsai Ing-wen the following day.[7]

The People's Republic of China (PRC) protested the visit through diplomatic channels to the U.S. government. In the aftermath of Pelosi's departure, the PRC commenced military exercises encircling Taiwan, which are scheduled to run from August 4 to August 7, 2022.[8]

Background

See also: Political status of Taiwan
China PR and Taiwan (ROC) location map

On April 7, 2022, Pelosi's plan of visiting Taiwan was first reported by Japanese Fuji News Network.[9] Her Asian trip was postponed after her being tested positive for COVID-19.[10] On July 19, 2022, the Financial Times revealed the possibility of Pelosi visiting Taiwan as part of her Asian tour.[11]

Pelosi's tour of Asia was announced on July 31, 2022 to "reaffirm America's unshakeable commitment to our allies and friends in the region", with an itinerary initially limited to Singapore, Malaysia, South Korea and Japan.[12] As of the morning of August 2, it was not known for certain whether Pelosi would visit Taiwan.[13][14][15] White House Coordinator for Strategic Communications at the National Security Council representative John Kirby said on the evening of August 1 (EDT) that China could respond with a missile launch near Taiwan or could conduct other military exercises to show its disapproval of the visit of an American politician.[16] At the same time, Kirby said that the US was not afraid of threats from China and would not sit idly by in the event of any aggression.[16]

In an opinion article for The Washington Post, Pelosi wrote on August 2: "We take this trip at a time when the world faces a choice between autocracy and democracy. As Russia wages its premeditated, illegal war against Ukraine, killing thousands of innocents — even children — it is essential that America and our allies make clear that we never give in to autocrats."[17]

As Speaker of the United States House of Representatives, Pelosi is second-in-line to the US presidency after the vice-president, making her the highest ranking US official to visit Taiwan since Newt Gingrich in 1997.[18]

Visit

Nancy Pelosi's delegation meeting Taiwanese president Tsai Ing-Wen and vice president Lai Ching-te at the Presidential Office Building with Sandra Oudkirk, Director of the American Institute in Taiwan.

After departing Malaysia, Pelosi's delegation arrived without incident in Taipei, Taiwan, at 10:43 pm National Standard Time on the evening of August 2 via a US Air Force transport plane and was received by Minister of Foreign Affairs Joseph Wu and Sandra Oudkirk, Director of the Taipei Office of the American Institute in Taiwan (AIT).[7][19] Pelosi tweeted that her visit was a sign of the United States' "unwavering commitment to supporting Taiwan's vibrant democracy."[1] Upon Pelosi's arrival, both the ruling Democratic Progressive Party and opposition Kuomintang endorsed the visit[20] and the Taipei 101 was illuminated with a welcome message for the delegation.[21]

Pelosi's delegation included the following members of the US House of Representatives:[22][23]

Following a breakfast meeting at the American Institute in Taiwan on the morning of August 3, Pelosi visited the Legislative Yuan with her delegation.[24] While there, she was received by vice president of the Legislative Yuan, Tsai Chi-chang and addressed the legislature in a short speech, saying Taiwan was "one of the freest societies in the world". She advocated further US economic cooperation with Taiwan with the Chips Act, and in areas relating to climate change, COVID-19 pandemic and democracy.[25]

She proceeded to the Presidential Office Building and met with President Tsai Ing-wen, who awarded her the Order of Propitious Clouds (with Special Grand Cordon).[26][27]

In a press release, Pelosi declared that the visit "in no way contradicts longstanding United States policy, guided by the Taiwan Relations Act of 1979, US-China Joint Communiques and the Six Assurances. The United States continues to oppose unilateral efforts to change the status quo."[28] NSC representative Kirby reiterated this perspective at a press conference held during the visit saying, "The Speaker’s visit is totally consistent with our longstanding One China policy."[29]

Pelosi departed Taiwan for South Korea after 6:00 pm on the evening of August 3.[30]

The population of Taiwan had mixed views about the visit. There were small demonstrations, in the hundreds, both for and against the visit. Taiwan's media prioritized other news, including a local heatwave and local elections. In a poll of 7,500 readers of the Pan-Blue United Daily News, 61% thought the visit was "not welcome" as it "may destabilize the Taiwan Strait".[31][32]

Reactions

China

See also: 2022 Chinese military exercises around Taiwan
Map
Areas announced for military exercises and training activities by the People's Republic of China following Pelosi's visit

In a telephone speech between US President Joe Biden and PRC leader Xi Jinping the week before,[33] the PRC government warned that the US would be "playing with fire" if Biden were to allow Pelosi to visit the ROC.[16][34] In particular, on August 2, PRC ambassador to the UN Zhang Jun said that such a visit is provocative and will undermine China-US relations.[35] The US ambassador to Beijing Nicholas Burns was summoned by the Chinese Foreign Ministry, to protest Pelosi's visit.[36]

On August 1, before Pelosi's visit, China barred shipments from more than 100 Taiwanese food exporters.[37]

In response to Pelosi landing in Taipei, on the night of August 2, the PLA Eastern Theater Command began joint naval and air force exercises in areas north, southwest and southeast of Taiwan; long-distance, live-fire artillery shooting in the Taiwan Strait; and conventional-headed missile test firings in waters east of Taiwan.[38][8] Taiwan's Ministry of National Defense (MND) reported twenty-one People's Liberation Army (PLA) planes (ten J-16 fighters, eight J-11 fighters, one KJ-500 airborne early warning and control aircraft, one Y-9 electronic warfare plane, and one Y-8 electronic signals intelligence aircraft) flew into its air defense identification zone (ADIZ) on August 2.[39] The MND reported that 22 PLA aircraft (six J-11 fighters, and 16 Sukhoi Su-30 fighters) entered its ADIZ crossing the median line of the Taiwan Strait, and an additional five J-16 fighters entered the southwestern part of its ADIZ on August 3.[40] In addition, the PRC began military drills in six areas encircling Taiwan on August 4, which are expected to end on August 7.[41] Taiwan reported 11 Chinese Dongfeng ballistic missiles were fired on August 4, while Japan reported nine ballistic missiles were fired and five of which landed in its exclusive economic zone, southwest of the Yaeyama Islands.[42] According to the Japanese Ministry of Defense, this is the first time ballistic missiles launched by China had landed in Japan's exclusive economic zone and it lodged a diplomatic protest with Beijing in response to the perceived transgression.[43][44]

The New York Times reported that many netizens in China were upset that government officials had made serious military threats, but did not follow through on them.[45] In response to the criticism, Foreign Ministry spokesperson Hua Chunying later called on citizens to be "rational patriots" and to trust the government.[46]

On August 5, the Chinese Foreign Ministry announced that it has imposed sanctions on Pelosi and her immediate family in response to her visit to Taiwan. It is not immediately known what the Chinese sanctions against Pelosi would entail.[47][48][49] The ministry also suspended co-operation channels with the US on several fronts, including dialogue between military leaders, criminal-judicial assistance, combating transnational crimes, and climate change talks.[50][51] On the same day, it lodged representations and strongly protested the Taiwan-related statements made by the G7 foreign ministers and the EU Senior Representative for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy.[52]

United States

From politicians and the military

President Joe Biden initially cautioned against the reported trip on July 20, 2022, saying the US military had assessed "it is not a good idea right now".[53] However, on August 1, White House national security spokesman John Kirby said that Pelosi had the right to visit Taiwan, adding that the United States would not be intimidated by China's expected escalation in response to the potential trip.[54]

The White House announced on August 4 that the Pentagon has directed the aircraft carrier USS Ronald Reagan to remain in the area near Taiwan "to monitor the situation" as China launches missiles in the region. Furthermore, NSC spokesperson John Kirby said that the US has delayed a planned test of a Minuteman III ICBM to avoid increasing tensions.[55] It had also summoned the Chinese ambassador to protest China’s military actions in response to Pelosi’s visit.[56]

In the US, Republican Senators exhibited rare support for Pelosi. Senate Republican leader Mitch McConnell was joined by 25 other Republican senators in expressing support for Pelosi's trip to Taiwan. In justifying their support, the Republican senators called the trip "consistent with the United States’ One China policy".[57] Although Texas Senator Ted Cruz was absent from the joint statement,[58] he praised Nancy Pelosi's visit to Taiwan while criticising Biden's lack of support.[59] Similarly, Senators Rick Scott[60] and Lindsey Graham[61] also expressed approval of the trip despite their absences from the joint statement.

Journalists and the press

Reactions from the press were mostly negative.[62][63][64] In The New York Times, Thomas Friedman referred to the trip as "reckless", writing that "Nothing good will come of it".[62] Writing for Intelligencer, Ross Barkan expressed similar sentiments, stating that "nothing immediately tangible that Pelosi can accomplish by going to Taiwan".[63] In an interview wih Isaac Chotiner, published by The New Yorker, Shelley Rigger said that despite beginning with relatively mundane diplomatic goals, the visit was eventually reduced to brinkmanship without clear benefits to Taiwan.[64]

International

Several international governments reacted to the visit and China’s military drills.

Intergovernmental organizations

  •  ASEAN – In a meeting of 27 countries including the United States, ASEAN warned the tensions could lead to “open conflicts and unpredictable consequences”, and called for maximum restraint.[65]
  •  European Union – An EU spokesperson emphasized the bloc's "clear One China Policy" while engaging in "friendly relations and close cooperation with Taiwan".[66] On August 4, the EU’s foreign policy representative released a joint statement issued by the G7 which condemned China’s reaction to Pelosi’s visit.[67]
  • G7 – The group issued a joint statement which described China’s drills and economic sanctions against Taiwan as unnecessary, escalatory and threatening. It said China’s reaction risked destabilizing the region and was disproportionate to the normal and routine practice of legislators from G7 countries travelling internationally.[68]

Nations

  •  Australia – Prime Minister Anthony Albanese said, "We don’t want to see any unilateral change to the status quo."[66]
  •  Iran – Nasser Kanaani, the Iranian Foreign Ministry spokesperson, criticised Pelosi's visit and reiterated Iran's support for a "One China" policy.[69]
  •  Japan – After a meeting with Pelosi, Prime Minister Fumio Kishida described China's missile launches as “a serious problem for our country’s security and the safety of our people” and that “China’s actions on this occasion have a serious effect on the peace and security of the region and the international community, and we urged an immediate halt to the military exercises.” He added that the US and Japan would work together to maintain peace and stability in the Taiwan Strait.[70][71]
  •  New Zealand – Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern said, "Dialogue and diplomacy is what we need in these tense times."[66]
  •  North Korea – The state news agency KCNA criticised what it called US “imprudent interference” in China’s internal affairs. A North Korean foreign ministry spokesperson said they “vehemently denounce” any external force’s interference in the issue of Taiwan and “fully support” China.[66]
  •  Pakistan – The Pakistani Foreign Office said that “Pakistan is deeply concerned over the evolving situation in the Taiwan Strait, which has serious implications for regional peace and stability,” and that it “stands by” the One-China principle.[72]
  •  Russia – Russia called the visit a “clear provocation, which is in line with the United States’ aggressive policy aimed at comprehensively containing China”. The government added that Beijing “has the right to take measures to defend its sovereignty and territorial integrity in relation to the Taiwan issue”.[66]
  •  South Korea – An official from the South Korean presidential office said, “Our government’s stance is to maintain close communication with relevant parties ... on the basis that peace and stability in the region through dialogue and cooperation are important”.[66]
  •  United Kingdom – Foreign secretary Liz Truss criticised China’s "inflammatory" response to the visit, and said Pelosi's meetings with human rights activists were "perfectly reasonable".[73]

See also

References

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