27th century BC

The 27th century BC was a century which lasted from the year 2700 BC to 2601 BC.

Events

Statuette of Imhotep in the Louvre. He is the first architect and physician whose name was recorded and has survived to modern times.

Egypt

• 2700 BC-2660 BC: Early Dynastic Period ended in ancient Egypt according to French Egyptologist Nicolas Grimal). This period includes 1st and 2nd Dynasties.
• c. 2700 BC: Merit-Ptah is world's first female physician mentioned by name.
• c. 2700 BC: Old Kingdom of Egypt begins. 3rd–6th Dynasties.
• 2686 BC: End of Second Dynasty of Egypt, start of Third Dynasty. Pharaoh Khasekhemwy died. Pharaoh Sanakht begins reign.
• c. 2685 BC: Bull lyre from the tomb of Queen Puabi, Ur (modern Muqaiyir, Iraq) was made. It is now in University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology.
• c. 2681 BC – c. 2662 BC: Reign of Djoser, Pharaoh of Egypt, Third Dynasty of Egypt.
• 2668 BC: Pharaoh Sanakht dies.
• c. 2667 BC: Pharaoh Djoser starts to rule (other date is 2681 BC).
• c. 2648 BC: Pharaoh Djoser dies (another date is 2662 BC).
• 2630 BC – 2611 BC: Imhotep, Vizier of Egypt, constructs the Pyramid of Djoser
• 2613 BC: Egypt—End of Third Dynasty of Egypt, start of Fourth Dynasty. Pharaoh Huni dies. Pharaoh Sneferu started to reign.
• c. 2613 BC – 2494 BC: The Great Sphinx of Giza is built by the Fourth Dynasty of Egypt.
• c. 2601 BC – c. 2515 BC: Giza pyramid complex is built for Menkaure, Khafra and Khufu of the Fourth Dynasty of Egypt

China

• c. 2697 BC: The Yellow Emperor starts to reign in China.
• c. 2640 BC: The cultivation and weaving of silk starts to be a closely guarded secret in China.

others

• 2627 BC – 20th century BC: Construction of the Caral metropolis in Peru
• 26th century BC: Mature Harappan phase of the Indus Valley Civilisation begins. The cities of Harappa and Mohenjo-daro become large metropolises and the civilization expands to over 2,500 cities and settlements across the whole of Pakistan, much of northern India, and parts of Afghanistan and Iran, covering a region of around one million square miles, which was larger than the land area of its contemporaries Egypt and Mesopotamia combined, and also had superior urban planning and sewage systems. The civilization began using the mature Indus script for its writing system.
• 2600 BC: End of the Early Dynastic II Period and the beginning of the Early Dynastic IIIa Period in Mesopotamia.
• 2700 BC: Mesoamericans begin to plant and domesticate maize.
• 2900 BC – 2334 BC: Mesopotamian wars of the Early Dynastic period.