Meringandan
| Meringandan Queensland | |||||||||||||||
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 Main Street, 2014 | |||||||||||||||
  Meringandan | |||||||||||||||
| Coordinates | 27°25′S 151°53′E / 27.417°S 151.883°E | ||||||||||||||
| Population | 487 (2016 census)[1] | ||||||||||||||
| Established | 1868 | ||||||||||||||
| Postcode(s) | 4352 | ||||||||||||||
| Location |
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| LGA(s) | Toowoomba Region | ||||||||||||||
| State electorate(s) | |||||||||||||||
| Federal division(s) | Groom | ||||||||||||||
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Meringandan is a rural locality in the Toowoomba Region, Queensland, Australia.[2] At the 2016 census, Meringandan had a population of 487.[1]
Geography
The town is located on the Darling Downs near Highfields, 19 kilometres (12 mi) NNW of Toowoomba.
History
 | This section needs additional citations for verification. (January 2020) |
The name Meringandan is a corruption of the aboriginal words, Moorin meaning fire and Gandan meaning clay. Therefore, Meringandan means 'place of fire and clay'.[2]
Following the settling of the Leslie brothers at Toolburra, near Warwick in 1840, Henry Hughes (1816-1882) and Henry Isaac (1816-1862) occupied Gowrie as a sheep run on the upper section of Gowrie Creek in 1841. They later took over the land to the north up to the Great Dividing Range, the Meringandan run, from C W Pitts. Henry Hughes severed the partnership with Henry Isaac in 1850; he moved to Westbrook run and Henry Isaac took over the Gowrie aggregation. Henry then took his brother, Fred Isaac (1820-1865), into partnership with him. Fred had reveled in Australian country life and had quickly become an accomplished bushman and station manager.
In 1854, Fred, who had gone home to England for a visit, married his half-cousin, Caroline Sophia née Sparkes (1835-1913), and then returned to run Gowrie. (Their mothers were half-sisters.) By 1860, Henry Isaac had had enough of the pioneering life, so he sold his share of Gowrie to Fred, and returned to England where he died shortly afterwards. To help with financing the purchase of Henry's share of Gowrie, Fred entered into a partnership with Ernest de St Jean de Satgé (1834-1901), who was Caroline's second cousin. In 1865, Fred Isaac died, the estate was sold to George King and the debts owing to Henry Isaac and Ernest de St Jean were settled. George King's sons initially continued to manage the property for sheep raising but later also bred horses for the Indian remount trade.
It is local folklore that the first white child born in the Meringandan area was Eliza Hunt, her father being an overseer and stockman on the estate.
The Lands Alienation Act of 1868 meant that the Meringandan portion of Gowrie Station was resumed and thrown open for settlement. Many German farmers emigrated to Queensland in the 1860s, some coming to the Darling Downs. Many families in this district are of German descent. These pioneers were amazed[clarification needed] that the minimum amount of land they could select was 40 acres (160,000 m2).
After being thrown open for selection in 1872, the land was soon occupied. A branch railway line was constructed from Toowoomba to Cabarlah, the first train running in September, 1883. Meringandan being their nearest railway station, the settlers in the Goombungee and Haden areas used it to forward their goods. Most of the farmers did their own carting, but well known carriers were Jack Wieck, Herman Lau, George Klein and Jack Lange.
The township grew rapidly. General stores were erected, and hotels were built, "The Criterion"; "Farmers Arms". Blacksmiths were kept busy, and so were the butchers. Before 1900, the farmers' wives baked their own bread, but early in the century a bakery was established by O. Wuersching, the first baker employed being Walls.
The spiritual welfare of the district was not neglected. The German settlers congregated in their little slab church, built in 1870. Later the Church of England, the Congregational Church, and the Church of Christ built Churches.
During 1875, a state school was built in the present grounds, Jack Maag being the builder. Mr. Isaac John Thomas was appointed head teacher of the school, which was opened on 24 January 1876. The enrolment for that year was 80 pupils.
St Gregory's Anglican Church was consecrated on Sunday 12 September 1886 by Bishop William Webber.[3] It was located on a 1-acre (0.40 ha) piece of land near the railway station, donated by Mr Foland. It was built by Mr Maag and was 18 by 38 feet (5.5 by 11.6 m) and could seat 150 people.[4] In 1905 it was relocated to Kingsthorpe where it was re-consecrated as St Gregory's by Archbishop St Clair Donaldson on 20 October 1905. It closed circa 1982.[5]
On Sunday 2 February 1896 a new Lutheran church opened replacing the previous one that had become dilapidated over its quarter century of use. The new church was built by L. Goebel and Son of Gomoran. The church was 40 by 20 feet (12.2 by 6.1 m) with the vestry 12 by 14 feet (3.7 by 4.3 m) and the porch 7 by 8 feet (2.1 by 2.4 m) with 14 feet (4.3 m) high walls. Inside there was an elevated cedar pulpit.[6]
At the beginning of the 1900s, the Court House was moved from Cabarlah and erected at Meringandan. But the construction of the Haden railway line to Haden in 1910 saw the town begin a decline, hastened by the advent of motor transport. In the early 1900s a line of teams stretching a distance of half a mile, waiting to load or unload at the railway station, was a familiar sight. Now the railway yards have vanished and a park stands where the railway station used to be.
At the 2011 census Meringandan had a population of 305 people.[7]
Facilities
It contains two parks; it is also the gateway to Cooby Dam. Meringandan has one school, a country pub, convenience store and a butcher. It has an annual rodeo which many people attend. It is drained by the meandering Meringandan Creek.
Library services in Meringandan are provided by the Toowoomba Regional Council's mobile library service. The van visits Meringandan State School and Meringandan Produce Store every Thursday.[8]
Education
Meringandan State School is a Prep to Year 6 Co-educational school.[9] The school opened on 24 January 1876.[10]
References
- ^ a b Australian Bureau of Statistics (27 June 2017). "Meringandan (State Suburb)". 2016 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 1 January 2020.
- ^ a b "Meringandan (entry 49182)". Queensland Place Names. Queensland Government. Retrieved 20 November 2014.
- ^ "QUEENSLAND NEWS". The Brisbane Courier. Vol. XLII, no. 8, 943. Queensland, Australia. 13 September 1886. p. 5. Retrieved 1 July 2020 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^ "Tea-Meeting and Concert at Meringandan". Darling Downs Gazette. Vol. XXX, no. 5, 974. Queensland, Australia. 15 September 1886. p. 3. Retrieved 1 July 2020 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^ Anglican Church of Southern Queensland. "Closed Churches". Archived from the original on 3 April 2019. Retrieved 3 April 2019.
- ^ "OPENING OF GERMAN LUTHERAN CHURCH at Meringandan". Darling Downs Gazette. Vol. XXXVIII, no. 8, 982. Queensland, Australia. 5 February 1896. p. 5. Retrieved 9 December 2020 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (31 October 2012). "Meringandan (State Suburb)". 2011 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 1 July 2013.
- ^ "Mobile library". Toowoomba Regional Council. Archived from the original on 24 October 2014. Retrieved 10 November 2014.
- ^ "Meringandan State School". Archived from the original on 20 March 2018. Retrieved 21 January 2018.
- ^ "Opening and closing dates of Queensland Schools". Queensland Government. Retrieved 18 April 2019.
