Jalayirid Sultanate
Jalayirid Sultanate | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1335–1432 | |||||||||
 Division of Ilkhanate territory | |||||||||
| Capital | |||||||||
| Common languages | |||||||||
| Government | Monarchy | ||||||||
| History | |||||||||
• Established | 1335 | ||||||||
• Disestablished | 1432 | ||||||||
| |||||||||
| Today part of | |||||||||
| History of Iran |
|---|
 |
Timeline Iran portal |
The Jalayirid Sultanate was a Persianate[4] Mongol Jalayir dynasty which ruled over Iraq and western Persia after the breakup of the Mongol khanate of Persia in the 1330s.[5] It lasted about fifty years, until disrupted by Timur's conquests and the revolts of the Kara Koyunlu ("Black Sheep") Turkmen. After Timur's death in 1405, there was a brief attempt to re-establish the sultanate in southern Iraq and Khuzistan. The Jalayirids were finally eliminated by the Kara Koyunlu in 1432.
Government
The Jalayirid administration was modeled after Ilkhanate protocols, with documents in Persian and Mongolian.[3] Its diplomatic correspondence also copied the Ilkhanate's, using a red ink square seal with Islamic phrases in Arabic.[3]
Rulers
| Title/Name[6] | Personal name | Reign |
|---|---|---|
| Taj-ud-Din تاج الدین |
Hasan Buzurg | 1336–1356 |
| Mu'izz-ud-duniya wa al-Din معزالدنیا والدین Bahadur Khan بهادرخان |
Shaikh Awais Jalayir | 1356–1374 |
| Jalal-ud-Din جلال الدین |
Shaikh Hasan Jalayir | 1374 |
| Ghiyas-ud-Din غیاث الدین |
Shaikh Hussain Jalayir | 1374–1382 |
| Shaikh Bayazid Jalayir Ruler of Iraq-i 'Ajam at Soltaniyeh and contender for the throne |
1382–1384 | |
| Sultan سلطان |
Sultan Ahmed Jalayir Ruler of Iraq-i 'Arab at Baghdad and contender for the throne |
1382–1410 |
| Shah Walad Jalayir son of Shaikh Ali Jalayir |
1410–1411 | |
| Sultan سلطان |
Mahmud bin Shah Walad Jalayir under tutelage of Tandu Khatun |
1411 (1st reign) |
| Sultan سلطان |
Awais bin Shah Walad Jalayir | 1411–1421 |
| Sultan سلطان |
Muhammad bin Shah Walad Jalayir | 1421 |
| Sultan سلطان |
Mahmud bin Shah Walad Jalayir | 1421–1425 (2nd reign) |
| Hussain bin Ala-ud-Daulah bin Sultan Ahmed Jalayir | 1425–1432 |
Family tree
| Husein Gurkan | daughter of Arghun | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Hasan Buzurg 1336–1356 | Dilshad Khatun | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Uvais I 1356–1374 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Alishah | Husain I 1374–1382 | Ahmad 1383–1410 | Hasan 1374 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shah Valad 1410–1411 | Tandura Khatun | Al'a od-Dowleh | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mahmud 1411–1415 | Uvais II 1415–1421 | Mohammed 1421–1422 | Husain II 1424–1432 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
See also
References
- ^ Jackson, edited by Peter; Lockhart, the late Laurence (1986). The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 6: The Timurid and Safavid periods (Repr ed.). Cambridge: New York. p. 978. ISBN 0521200946.
{{cite book}}:|first1=has generic name (help) - ^ Wing 2016, p. 18.
- ^ a b c d Broadbridge, Anne F. Kingship and Ideology in the Islamic and Mongol Worlds, (Cambridge University Press, 2008), 157.
- ^ Wing 2016, p. 185.
- ^ Bayne Fisher, William. The Cambridge History of Iran, p.3: "From then until Timur's invasion of the country, Iran was under the rule of various rival petty princes of whom henceforth only the Jalayirids could claim Mongol lineage"
- ^ Bosworth, Clifford Edmund. The new Islamic dynasties: a chronological and genealogical manual. New Edinburgh Islamic Surveys Series; ISBN 0-7486-2137-7, 978-0-7486-2137-8
Sources
- Jackson, Peter (2008). "Jalayerids". Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. XIV, Fasc. 4. pp. 415–419.
- Wing, Patrick (2016). "The Jalayirids: Dynastic State Formation in the Mongol Middle East". Edinburgh University Press: 1–256. ISBN 9781474402262.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help)
 | This Iran-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |
 | This Iraq-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |
 | This Middle Eastern history–related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |