August 1965
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The following events occurred in August 1965:
August 1, 1965 (Sunday)
- The 1965 German Grand Prix is won by Jim Clark.
- Cigarette advertising becomes illegal on British television.
August 2, 1965 (Monday)
- The Japanese tanker Meiko Maru collides with the US ship Arizona 100 nautical miles (190 km) south of Tokyo and sinka with the loss of 18 crew.[1]
- Died: František Langer, 77, Czech dramatist, physician, screenwriter and literary critic
August 3, 1965 (Tuesday)
- Rex Heflin, a highways inspector working in the area of Santa Ana, California, photographs a UFO. His photos come to be considered among the most reliable evidence of the existence of UFOs.[2]
August 4, 1965 (Wednesday)
- The Cook Islands officially become self-governing, with Albert Henry as their first prime minister.
- Born: Fredrik Reinfeldt, Swedish prime minister, in Stockholm
August 5, 1965 (Thursday)
- Sir Gerald Lathbury succeeds Sir Alfred Dudley Ward as Governor of Gibraltar.
August 6, 1965 (Friday)
- U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson signs the Voting Rights Act of 1965 into law.
- Peter Watkins' The War Game, a British television drama-documentary depicting the aftermath of a nuclear attack on the UK, is pulled from its planned transmission as BBC1's The Wednesday Play for political reasons. It will go on to win the 1966 Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature.
August 7, 1965 (Saturday)
- Tunku Abdul Rahman, Prime Minister of Malaysia, recommends the expulsion of Singapore from the Federation of Malaysia, negotiating its separation with Lee Kuan Yew, Prime Minister of Singapore.
August 8, 1965 (Sunday)
- In the aftermath of April's general election, re-runs of the election begin in six constituencies of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.[3]
- Died: Shirley Jackson, 48, US author (heart failure)[4]
August 9, 1965 (Monday)
- Singapore is expelled from the Federation of Malaysia, which recognizes it as a sovereign nation. Lee Kuan Yew announces Singapore's independence and assumes the position of Prime Minister of the new island nation.
- An explosion at an Arkansas missile plant kills 53.
- Indonesian president Sukarno collapses in public.
August 10, 1965 (Tuesday)
- Israeli inventor Simcha Blass and his son establish the Netafim Irrigation Company to revolutionize the irrigation process in the deserts of Palestine.[5]
- The Housing and Urban Development Act of 1965 becomes U.S. law.[6]
- Born: Claudia Christian (Claudia Ann Coghlan), US actress and singer, in Glendale, California
August 11, 1965 (Wednesday)
- The Watts Riots begin in Los Angeles.
- Died: Bill Woodfull, 67, Australian cricketer
August 12, 1965 (Thursday)
- Vietnam War: The 2nd Battalion 3rd Marines of the United States Marine Corps makes a night helicopter assault in the Elephant Valley south of Da Nang, shortly after Marine ground troops arrive in the country.
- A Paraense Curtiss C-46A-50-CU Commando, registration PP-BTH, en route to Cuiabá catches fire and crashes in Buracão, close to Barra do Bugre, in the State of Mato Grosso, Brazil. All 13 passengers and crew are killed.[7]
August 13, 1965 (Friday)
- The rock group Jefferson Airplane makes its first appearance on the opening night of the Matrix in San Francisco, where the band will subsequently appear regularly.
- Died: Hayato Ikeda, 65, Japanese politician, Prime Minister of Japan 1960-1964 (laryngeal cancer)[8]
August 14, 1965 (Saturday)
- The third season of the Bundesliga, West Germany's premier football league, begins.[9]
- Reconnaissance satellite Kosmos 78 is launched by the Soviet Union from the Baikonur Cosmodrome.[10]
- Born: Emmanuelle Béart, French actress, in Gassin
August 15, 1965 (Sunday)
- The Beatles perform the first stadium concert in the history of rock, playing before 55,600 persons at Shea Stadium in New York City.
- The Cathedral of Our Lady Assumed into Heaven and St Nicholas, Galway, Ireland, designed by John J. Robinson, is dedicated.[11]
- The 1965 PGA Championship golf tournament, played in Ligonier, Pennsylvania, US, is won by Dave Marr.[12]
- The Mediterranean Grand Prix is held at the Autodromo di Pergusa, Sicily, and won by Jo Siffert.[13]
August 16, 1965 (Monday)
- United Airlines Flight 389, a Boeing 727-22, crashes into Lake Michigan east of Fort Sheridan, Illinois, US. All 30 people on board die, including Clarence "Clancy" Sayen, a former president of the Air Line Pilots Association.
August 17, 1965 (Tuesday)
- Indonesian Independence Day: Sukarno announces Indonesian withdrawal from the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (World Bank) and condemns Vietnam War.[6]
- Died: Hans Nielsen, 53, German film actor
August 18, 1965 (Wednesday)
- Vietnam War – Operation Starlite: 5,500 United States Marines destroy a Viet Cong stronghold on the Van Tuong peninsula in Quảng Ngãi Province, in the first major American ground battle of the war. The Marines were tipped-off by a Viet Cong deserter who said that there was an attack planned against the U.S. base at Chu Lai.
August 19, 1965 (Thursday)
- At the Auschwitz trial in Frankfurt, 66 ex-SS personnel receive life sentences, 15 others smaller ones.
August 20, 1965 (Friday)
- Ilias Tsirimokos replaces Georgios Athanasiadis-Novas as Prime Minister of Greece. Like his predecessor, he retains the role for only a few weeks, having failed to achieve parliamentary confidence during the "Apostasy".
- Lyndon Johnson pardons T. Lamar Caudle.[6]
- Food riot at Breckinridge Job Corps center in Morganfield, Kentucky.[6][14]
- Died: Jonathan Daniels, 26, US Episcopal seminarian from Keene, New Hampshire, shot dead in Hayneville, Alabama, by Tom L. Coleman, an engineer for the state highway department and unpaid special deputy, while participating in the American civil rights movement.[15]
August 21, 1965 (Saturday)
- Gemini 5, the 11th manned American flight and the 19th spaceflight of all time, crewed by Gordon Cooper and Pete Conrad, is launched on a record-breaking 8-day flight, as well as the first test of fuel cells for electrical power.[16]
- The 1965 Constitution of Romania is adopted by the Great National Assembly and published in Monitorul Oficial the same day. The country is thereafter called the Socialist Republic of Romania, and the "brotherly" alliance with the Soviet Union is replaced with the principle of "respect for national sovereignty and independence, equality of rights and reciprocal advantage, non-interference in internal matters".
- The South African rugby union team are defeated 13-0 by New Zealand at Dunedin during their tour of Australasia.
- The Alibates Flint Quarries in Texas are designated a United States National Monument.[17]
- Died: Odile Defraye, 77, Belgian road racing cyclist
August 22, 1965 (Sunday)
- In a baseball game between the San Francisco Giants and their arch-rivals, the Los Angeles Dodgers, pitcher Juan Marichal is involved in a notorious incident for which he will be long remembered.[18] Twice in the first three innings, Marichal threw near the head of Dodger leadoff batter Maury Wills. As Marichal is batting against Sandy Koufax in the last of the third inning, Dodger catcher Johnny Roseboro's return throws to the mound fly too close to his head and one grazes his ear. Words are exchanged, and Roseboro, throwing off his catcher's helmet and mask, continues the argument. Marichal responds by repeatedly hitting Roseboro's unprotected head with his bat.[19] A 14-minute brawl ends with Giants captain Willie Mays escorting the bleeding Roseboro (who would require 14 stitches) back to the clubhouse.
August 23, 1965 (Monday)
- The International Conference on Family Planning Programs begins weeklong meeting in Geneva.[20][21]
- The East German cargo ship Kathe Niederkirchner runs aground on Muckle Skerry, in the Pentland Firth, Scotland. All fifty on board survive.[22]
August 24, 1965 (Tuesday)
- An American military C-130 Hercules aircraft carrying 71 passengers and crew crashes into Yau Tong Bay in Hong Kong shortly after takeoff. The plane is carrying U.S. military personnel, mostly U.S. Marines flying back to South Vietnam after leave during the Vietnam War. Thirteen people reportedly survive the crash.[23][24]
- Born: Marlee Matlin, US actress, in Morton Grove, Illinois
August 25, 1965 (Wednesday)
- In a press conference at the White House, US President Lyndon Johnson announces that he has given the go-ahead for the development of a manned orbiting space laboratory.[25]
- Lyndon Johnson directs federal agencies to adopt "Planning, Programming, Budgeting" systems based on the model introduced to the Department of Defense by Robert McNamara.[26][27]
- Born: Mia Zapata, US singer, in Louisville, Kentucky (died 1993)
- Died: Moonlight Graham, 85, US baseball player
August 26, 1965 (Thursday)
- John Coltrane records his album Sun Ship, eventually released in 1971 after his death.
- Born: Marcus du Sautoy, British mathematician, in London
August 27, 1965 (Friday)
- The Beatles visit Elvis Presley at his home in Bel-Air. It is the only time the band and the singer meet; no recordings or photographs of the occasion are taken, at the band's request.[28]
- Died: Le Corbusier (Charles-Édouard Jeanneret-Gris), 77, Swiss-French architect, designer, painter, urban planner and writer[29]
August 28, 1965 (Saturday)
- Born: Gordon Darcy Lilo, Prime Minister of the Solomon Islands, in Ghatere, Kolombangara island; Shania Twain (Eilleen Regina Edwards), Canadian singer-songwriter, in Windsor, Ontario
- Died: Giulio Racah, 56, Italian-born Israeli physicist and mathematician (asphyxiated by gas from a faulty heater)[30]
August 29, 1965 (Sunday)
- The asteroid 2326 Tololo is discovered by the Indiana Asteroid Program at Goethe Link Observatory.[31]
August 30, 1965 (Monday)
- An avalanche at the Allalin Glacier buries the Mattmark Dam construction site at Saas-Fee, Switzerland, killing 88 workers.[32]
- Casey Stengel announces his retirement after 55 years in baseball.
- Rock musician Bob Dylan releases his influential album Highway 61 Revisited, featuring the song "Like a Rolling Stone".
- The French ship Arsinoe is stranded on the Scarborough Reef (15°10′N 117°40′E / 15.167°N 117.667°E). It later breaks in two and sinks.[33]
August 31, 1965 (Tuesday)
- A truce is declared in the Dominican Republic between the "Constitutionalists" (supporters of the deposed Juan Bosch administration) and conservative military forces, led by army general Elías Wessin y Wessin. US peacekeeping forces begin to be withdrawn shortly afterwards. In the course of the war, a total of 44 American soldiers died, 27 in action, whilst an estimated 6,000 to 10,000 Dominicans died, mostly civilians.[34]
- President of the United States, Lyndon Johnson, signs a law penalizing the burning of draft cards with up to 5 years in prison and a $1,000 fine.
- Leonard Marks becomes director of the United States Information Agency.[6][35]
- Died: Henri Mignet, 71, French aircraft designer[36]
References
- ^ "18 Missing After Tanker Sinks". The Times. No. 56390. London. 3 August 1965. col F, p. 8. template uses deprecated parameter(s) (help)
- ^ UFO Evidence. Accessed 27 December 2013
- ^ DRC: Electoral Operation of the 1965 election EISA
- ^ New York Times obituary. Accessed 27 December 2013
- ^ History of drip irrigation
- ^ a b c d e "The Month in Review", Current History, October 1965.
- ^ "Accident description PP-BTH." Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved: 6 August 2011.
- ^ "Japan's Former Premier Hayato Ikeda Dies At 65", The Day, Aug 13, 1965. Accessed 27 December 2013
- ^ "Archive 1965/1966 Schedule". DFB.
- ^ Wade, Mark. "Vostok 8A92". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Retrieved 13 December 2013.
- ^ "About Galway Cathedral". Galway Cathedral. Retrieved 2012-07-17.
- ^ Gundelfinger, Phil (August 16, 1965). "Dave Marr Wins PGA With 280". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. pp. 1, 30. Retrieved January 2, 2013.
- ^ "The Formula One Record Book", John Thompson, 1974
- ^ "Dropouts Stage riot Over Food At Work Center", Lodi News-Sentinel (UPI), August 21, 1965.
- ^ "Thomas Coleman, 86, Dies; Killed Rights Worker in '65". The New York Times. 22 June 1997.
- ^ Hacker, Barton C.; Grimwood, James M. (September 1974). "Chapter 11 Pillars of Confidence". On the Shoulders of Titans: A History of Project Gemini. NASA History Series. Vol. SP-4203. NASA. p. 239.
{{cite book}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - ^ "The National Parks: Index 2009–2011". National Park Service. Retrieved 2012-03-18.
- ^ August 22, 1965 Dodgers-Giants box score at Baseball Almanac
- ^ The Battle Of San Francisco, by Jack Mann, Sports Illustrated, August 30, 1965
- ^ "First World Conclave on Population Control", Boston Globe (Associated Press), August 24, 1965.
- ^ Clyde V. Kiser, Wilson H. Grabill, & Arthur A. Campbell, Trends and Variations in Fertility in the United States, Harvard University Press, 1968, p. 2.
- ^ "Shipwrecked Crew in London". The Times. No. 56408. London. 24 August 1965. col G, p. 8. template uses deprecated parameter(s) (help)
- ^ "US military plane crash off China". St. Petersburg Times. 24 August 1965. Retrieved 6 June 2011.
- ^ "Hope wanes for 58 in crash". The Evening Independent. 25 August 1965. Retrieved 6 June 2011.
- ^ Miller Center: Press conference at the White House (August 25, 1965). Accessed 28 December 2013
- ^ Laurence E. Lynn, Jr., "Reform of the Federal Government: Lessons for Change Agents", LBJ Centennial Symposium, LBJ School of Public Affairs, December 4–5, 2008.
- ^ David R. Jardini, "Out of the Blue Yonder: The Rand Corporation's Diversification Into Social Welfare Research, 1946–1968", PhD dissertation accepted at Carnegie Mellon University, May 1996; p. 341.
- ^ BBC News, "When the Beatles met Elvis Presley". Accessed 27 December 2013
- ^ Frampton, Kenneth. (2001). Le Corbusier, London, Thames and Hudson.
- ^ "Giulio Racah". Physics Today. 18 (10): 118. doi:10.1063/1.3046917.
- ^ JPL Small-Body Database Browser on 2326 Tololo
- ^ Lambert Alfred Rivard, Geohazard-associated Geounits: Atlas and Glossary, Springer, 2009, p 995
- ^ "Belgian Merchant P-Z" (PDF). Belgische Koopvaardij. Retrieved 1 December 2010.
- ^ The US Intervention in the Dominican Republic, 1965
- ^ Lyndon Johnson, "Remarks at the Swearing In of Leonard Marks as Director, United States Information Agency", Document 468 at American Presidency Project.
- ^ Ellis, Ken; Jones, Geoff. 1990. Henri Mignet and his Flying Fleas. Haynes Publishing ISBN 0-85429-765-0