Cuisine of New Jersey
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The cuisine of New Jersey is derived from the state's long immigrant history[1] and its close proximity to both New York City and Philadelphia. Due to its geographical location, New Jersey can generally be divided by New York City cuisine in the northern and central parts of the state and Philadelphia cuisine in the southern parts. Restaurants in the state often make use of locally grown ingredients such as asparagus, blueberries, cranberries, tomatoes, corn, and peaches.[2] New Jersey is home to approximately 525 diners, the most of any state. Various foods invented in the state, such as the pork roll, also known as taylor ham, and salt water taffy, remain popular there today.
The state is known for its commercial food and industrial production, beginning with the founding of the Campbell's Soup Company, headquartered in Camden since 1869.[3] Goya Foods, the largest Hispanic-owned food company in the United States, operates a state-of-the-art, sustainable corporate headquarters in Jersey City.[4] M&M's candy has been produced in Hackettstown, New Jersey since 1958. [5] Manischewitz, one of the top producers of Jewish food such as matzo and kosher wine, is headquartered in Newark, New Jersey.
Food writer, influencer, and chef Anthony Bourdain was raised in Leonia, New Jersey.[6] He often profiled New Jersey restaurants on his multiple television shows.[7] Carlo's Bake Shop in Hoboken is the setting for TLC's reality television series, Cake Boss.[8]
Regional foods
Due to its position between New York City and Philadelphia, the signature foods of both cities are very popular in their corresponding suburbs. In the New York Metropolitan Area regions of North and Central Jersey, pizza, bagels, pastrami, and submarine sandwiches (often called "subs", sometimes called heroes) are popular. In the Delaware Valley towns of South Jersey, hoagies (the Philadelphia term for the aforementioned submarine sandwich), cheesesteaks, soft pretzels, water ices, and scrapple are common. Several of these regional dishes have achieved popularity statewide. Irish potato candy are a familiar South Jersey treat as well.
North Jersey
There are a number of foods which are especially prominent in or unique to the Garden State. As with New York City, North Jersey is renowned as a hot dog stronghold, with several variants that have their roots in its cities. The ripper is perhaps the most famous type of hot dog native to New Jersey. It is deep-fried in oil until the casing bursts, or "rips", and might be best exemplified at Rutt's Hut, a longtime hot dog eatery in Clifton, New Jersey. Texas wieners are another type of hot dog that originated in the state. They are either grilled or deep-fried and served with spicy brown mustard, chopped onions, and a thin meat sauce similar to chili. Wieners ordered "all the way" are dressed with all three condiments. The Texas wiener was independently created in two different locations — Paterson, New Jersey and Altoona, Pennsylvania.
Another type of hot dog indigenous to North Jersey is the Italian hot dog, which originated at Jimmy Buff's in Newark in 1932 and is one of the foods most synonymous with North Jersey's Italian-American culture, especially in Essex County. The Italian hot dog is prepared by slicing a roll of round pizza bread in half (for a double order) or into quarters (for a single order), digging a pocket into it, and then spreading mustard along the inside of the roll. A deep-fried dog (two for a double order) is stuffed into the pocket, topped by fried or sauteed onions and peppers, and then followed by deep-fried potatoes that have been thinly sliced into discs or thickly-cut into chunks and drizzled with ketchup. Italian sausages can be substituted for the hot dogs and, as with their counterpart, are ordered as a single or double order.
The Grease Trucks of Rutgers University in New Brunswick, New Jersey have popularized "fat sandwiches", which are sandwiches usually consisting of various combinations of chicken fingers, french fries, mozzarella sticks, onion rings, and other fried foods. The Grease Trucks have been made famous by mentions in USA Today and Maxim Magazine, among other media outlets.[9]
Central Jersey
The state capitol of Trenton, located near the boundary of Central and South Jersey, is known for two foods in particular: tomato pie and pork roll. In Trenton, tomato pie is basically an interchangeable term for pizza, albeit with a subtle difference: While traditional pizzas are prepared by placing the cheese and toppings on top of the sauce and dough, tomato pies are made by laying the cheese directly on top of the dough, then adding the toppings, and finally spreading the sauce atop the mix.[10] This creates a more tomato-intensive taste for the thin-crust pie.
Pork roll is a sausage-like pork product developed by John Taylor in Trenton in the late 19th century, and has become a popular breakfast and sandwich meat throughout the Garden State. In South Jersey and elsewhere, it is often referred to as a pork roll due to the tube-like sack, or "roll", in which it is traditionally packaged, while in North Jersey it is usually called Taylor ham. The meat is generally eaten sliced and grilled like Canadian bacon, but is also known to be fried. Also common is the Taylor ham (or pork roll), egg and cheese sandwich, in which taylor ham/pork roll is cooked on a griddle and then topped with a fried egg and American cheese and eaten on a hard roll.
South Jersey
Salt water taffy is a soft taffy originally produced and marketed in the Jersey Shore resort town of Atlantic City beginning in the late 19th century, and is a staple candy and souvenir item of boardwalks in the state. It is widely sold throughout beachfront areas of the East Coast of the United States and Canada.
Diner food
New Jersey is renowned for its multitude of diners, which number over 500, more than any other state. Many are open 24 hours a day. A large number of diners are owned or were founded by Greeks and offer Greek dishes like gyros in addition to standard diner fare. Typical cuisine includes staple American foods such as hamburgers, club sandwiches, meatloaf, and other simple fare. There is often an emphasis on breakfast foods such as eggs (including omelettes), waffles, pancakes, and French toast, and most diners serve breakfast all day. Coffee is ubiquitous at diners, if not always of high quality. Many diners in the state carry a full drink menu, including mixed drinks. Many also serve hand-blended milkshakes. The food is usually quite inexpensive, with a decent meal (sandwich, side dish, drink) available for less than ten dollars. Many establishments have transparent display cases in or behind the counter for desserts, typically including a variety of pies and cheesecakes.
Specialties specific to New Jersey diners include the previously mentioned pork roll, egg, and cheese sandwich, as well as disco fries, a food similar to the Quebec dish of poutine. They consist of french fries, usually slightly overcooked, and covered with brown gravy and melted mozzarella cheese.
Dishes
- Disco fries - French fries covered with brown gravy and melted cheese, usually mozzarella.[12]
- Rippers - hot dogs that have been deep-fried until they rip apart (see Danger dog)
- Texas Wiener - deep-fried hot dog served with onions and chili sauce.[13]
- Italian hot dog
- Pork roll or Taylor ham - usually fried and eaten on a sandwich with eggs and/or cheese.[14][15]
- Roll and butter - hard or kaiser roll with butter. Some establishments offer salad dressing in addition to butter.[16]
- Sloppy joe - sandwich native to North-Central Jersey - A triple decker deli sandwich (most commonly containing corned beef or pastrami, turkey and ham, but with many variations) dressed with cole slaw and Russian dressing on thin-sliced rye bread.
In other parts of the state, this is known as a "Ruben". Those who know it as such know a sloppy joe as something else entirely - a hot sandwich of pan cooked hamburger meat soaked in a sweet, tangy sauce with small pieces of diced bell peppers, usually served on a hamburger roll or Kaiser roll.
- Jersey breakfast dog - danger dog (deep-fried bacon-wrapped hot dog) with eggs and melted cheese.[17]
- In and Outers - hot dogs that have been deep-fried until they blister slightly (see Danger dog)
- Salt water taffy
- New York-style pizza[16]
- Tomato pie
- Sausage sandwich
- Portuguese Charcoal BBQ
- Beefsteak (banquet)
- Panzerotti - mozzarella and tomato sauce filled deep fried dough pocket similar to but larger than an empanada
Ethnic cuisine and enclaves
In addition to its local foods, New Jersey boasts a plethora of ethnic cuisines due to its large immigrant population. Some of the more prominent examples include Chinese, Indian, Brazilian, Korean, Portuguese, Spanish, Middle Eastern, Italian, Polish, and Greek food. Cuban cuisine has also had an impact in New Jersey, especially in the Hudson County area. Typical Cuban food found in the state includes Christianos y Moros (also known as arroz Moros), lechon, the Cuban sandwich, arroz salteado and dulce de leche.
Among the ethnic culinary enclaves in New Jersey[18]
- Middle Eastern: Main Street, South Paterson, aka Little Istanbul or Little Ramallah[19]
- Latino: Bergenline, North Hudson and Little Lima
- Portuguese/Brazilian: Ironbound, Newark, New Brunswick
- Indian: Oak Tree Road, Iselin
- Korean: Koreatown, Palisades Park
- Hungarian: Fifth Ward, New Brunswick
See also
References
- ^ "Ellis Island - Facts & Summary - HISTORY.com". HISTORY.com. Retrieved 14 October 2017.
- ^ Caparulo 2003, pp. xiii.
- ^ "About Us". Campbellsoupcompany.com. Retrieved 14 October 2017.
- ^ Foods, Goya. "Goya Foods Opens Largest Corporate Headquarters in Company History to Support Global Expansion". Prnewswire.com. Retrieved 14 October 2017.
- ^ [1] [dead link]
- ^ Collins, Britt (27 September 2013). "Anthony Bourdain - My family values". Theguardian.com. Retrieved 14 October 2017.
{{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|1=(help) - ^ "Anthony Bourdain: No Reservations". Travelchannel.com. Retrieved 14 October 2017.
- ^ "Carlo's Bakery - About Carlo's Bakery". bakeshop.carlosbakery.com. Retrieved 14 October 2017.
- ^ "'Fat Darrell' Named Best Sandwich". foxnews.com. 19 August 2004. Retrieved 12 April 2018.
- ^ "In Trenton, it's called "tomato pie," not pizza. Although the terms are interchangeable, there is a body of myth and lore attempting to distinguish tomato pie from pizza. The generally accepted explanation is that a tomato pie is built as follows: dough, cheese, toppings, and then sauce". Slice.seriouseats.com. 2005-01-24. Retrieved 2013-11-25.
- ^ Genovese, Peter. "Chew on this: 125 years later, Jersey Shore still daffy over salt water taffy" in The Newark Star Ledger, August 19, 2013
- ^ "Disco Fries". Rachael Ray Every Day. Retrieved 14 October 2017.
- ^ Genovese 2007, pp. 72-73.
- ^ Sullivan, S.P. (May 30, 2014). "Jersey's Mason-Dixon line: Mapping the Taylor Ham vs. pork roll divide". NJ.com. Retrieved 2014-05-31.
- ^ "NJ's best Taylor ham/pork roll sandwiches: Munchmobile visits eight spots, picks a winner". Nj.com. Retrieved 14 October 2017.
- ^ a b Genovese 2007, pp. xiii.
- ^ "60 Things Worth Shortening Your Life For". 'Esquire Magazine. 2007-04-18. Retrieved 2008-03-03.
{{cite news}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|coauthors=(help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in:|publisher=(help) - ^ Donohue, Brian (November 18, 2016). "The 5 best ethnic food neighborhoods in N.J." The Star-Ledger. Retrieved 10 January 2017.
- ^ "Food Crawl: Turkish scene around South Paterson". Northjersey.com. Retrieved 14 October 2017.
Bibliography
- Caparulo, Vicki J. (2003). Great Dishes from New Jersey's Favorite Restaurants. Rutgers University Press. ISBN 0-8135-3311-2.
- Di Ionno, Mark (2002). Backroads, New Jersey: Driving at the Speed of Life. Rutgers University Press. ISBN 0-8135-3133-0.
- Genovese, Peter (2007). New Jersey Curiosities, 2nd: Quirky Characters, Roadside Oddities & Other Offbeat Stuff. Globe Pequot. ISBN 0-7627-4112-0.
