Demographics of the Republic of Ireland
Demographics of {{{place}}} | |
---|---|
Population | 4,757,976 (2016 census) |
Density | 68 per km2 |
Growth rate | 1.77% |
Birth rate | 16.1 births/1,000 population |
Death rate | 6.34 deaths/1,000 population |
Life expectancy | 80.19 years |
• male | 78 years |
• female | 82.6 years |
Fertility rate | 1.91 children born/woman |
Infant mortality rate | 3.85 deaths/1,000 live births |
Net migration rate | 0.86 migrant(s)/1,000 population |
Age structure | |
0–14 years | 21.3% |
15–64 years | 67.0% |
65 and over | 11.7% |
Sex ratio | |
Total | 0.99 male/female |
At birth | 1.057 male/female |
Under 15 | 1.07 male/female |
15–64 years | 1.00 male/female |
65 and over | 0.81 male/female |
Nationality | |
Nationality | Irish |
Major ethnic | White Irish 84.5% |
Minor ethnic | Other White: 9.1% (total White: 94.3%), Asian: 1.9%, Black: 1.4%, Other: 0.9%, Irish Travellers 0.7%, Not Stated: 1.6% (2011) |
Language | |
Official | English, Irish |
Spoken | Irish Sign Language, Shelta, Ulster Scots |
The Republic of Ireland had a population of 4,757,976 at the 2016 census.[1]
Demographic history
The island of Ireland, throughout most of its history, had a small population, comparable to that of other regions of similar area in Europe. In the 18th and early 19th centuries, Ireland experienced a major population boom as a result of the Agricultural and Industrial Revolutions. In the 50-year period 1790-1840, the population of the island doubled from 4 million to 8 million. At its peak, Ireland's population density was similar to that of England and continental Europe.
This changed dramatically with the Great Famine of the mid-19th century, which led to mass starvation and consequent mass emigration. In the area covering the present day Republic of Ireland, the population reached about 6.5 million in the mid 1840s. Ten years later it was down to 5 million. The population continued a slow decline well into the 20th century, with the Republic recording a low of 2.8 million in the 1961 census.[2]
During the 1960s, the population started to grow once more, although slowly as emigration was still common. In the 1990s the country entered a period of rapid growth as a result of the Celtic Tiger Irish economic boom. Immigration began to far outweigh emigration. Many former Irish emigrants returned home, and the Republic of Ireland became an attractive destination for immigrants, mainly from Central Europe, but also from Africa, Asia and elsewhere. However, with the 2008 onset of the Irish economic and banking crisis, the state's economy suffered, and since then the Republic of Ireland has once again been experiencing net emigration.
In November 2013, Eurostat reported that the republic had the largest net emigration rate of any member state, at 7.6 emigrants per 1,000 population. However, it has the youngest population of any European Union member state[citation needed] and its population size is predicted to grow for many decades, in contrast with the declining population predicted for most European countries. A report published in 2008 predicted that the population would reach 6.7 million by 2060.[3] The Republic has also been experiencing a baby boom, with increasing birth rates and overall fertility rates.[4] Despite this, the total fertility rate is still below replacement.[5] This increase is primarily fuelled by non-Irish immigration – in 2009, a quarter of all children born in the Republic were born to mothers who had immigrated from other countries.[6]
Year | Pop. | ±% |
---|---|---|
1841 | 6,528,799 | — |
1851 | 5,111,557 | −21.7% |
1861 | 4,402,111 | −13.9% |
1871 | 4,053,187 | −7.9% |
1881 | 3,870,020 | −4.5% |
1891 | 3,468,694 | −10.4% |
1901 | 3,221,823 | −7.1% |
1911 | 3,139,688 | −2.5% |
1926 | 2,971,992 | −5.3% |
1936 | 2,968,420 | −0.1% |
1946 | 2,955,107 | −0.4% |
1951 | 2,960,593 | +0.2% |
1961 | 2,818,341 | −4.8% |
1971 | 2,978,248 | +5.7% |
1981 | 3,443,405 | +15.6% |
1991 | 3,525,719 | +2.4% |
2002 | 3,917,203 | +11.1% |
2011 | 4,588,252 | +17.1% |
2016 | 4,757,976 | +3.7% |
Source: CSO |
Ethnic groups and immigration
Gaelic culture and language forms an important part of the Irish national identity.[citation needed]
The Irish Travellers self identify as an indigenous minority ethnic group. Traveller representative organisations are currently seeking official recognition of Traveller ethnicity by the Irish State. [7]
In 2008, Ireland had the highest birth rate (18.1 per 1,000), lowest death rate (6.1 per 1,000) and highest net-migration rate (14.1 per 1,000) in the entire European Union – and the largest population growth rate (4.4%) in the 27-member bloc as a result.[8]
Ireland is home to people from all over the globe, especially in Dublin. The most common foreign nationalities include Polish, British, Lithuanian, Latvian and Nigerian.
Traditionally Ireland has been a land of mass emigration and it has had to adapt to mass immigration.[citation needed] Some illegal immigrants are reported to use sham marriages as method to gain legal status.[9][10][11] The Irish government has sought to work with UK government to stem the flow of illegal immigrants.[12][13][14]
Population statistics
Population on April 1 (thousands) | Live births | Deaths | Natural change | Crude birth rate (per 1000) | Crude death rate (per 1000) | Natural change (per 1000) | Total fertility rate | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1900 | 3,231 | 70,435 | 21.8 | |||||
1901 | 3,234 | 70,194 | 21.7 | |||||
1902 | 3,205 | 71,156 | 22.2 | |||||
1903 | 3,191 | 70,541 | 22.1 | |||||
1904 | 3,169 | 72,261 | 22.8 | |||||
1905 | 3,160 | 71,427 | 22.6 | |||||
1906 | 3,164 | 72,147 | 22.8 | |||||
1907 | 3,145 | 70,773 | 22.5 | |||||
1908 | 3,147 | 71,439 | 22.7 | |||||
1909 | 3,135 | 72,119 | 23.0 | |||||
1910 | 3,132 | 71,744 | 22.9 | |||||
1911 | 3,129 | 71,351 | 22.8 | |||||
1912 | 3,116 | 70,734 | 50,489 | 20,245 | 22.7 | 16.2 | 6.5 | |
1913 | 3,106 | 70,214 | 52,184 | 18,030 | 22.6 | 16.8 | 5.8 | |
1914 | 3,098 | 69,102 | 49,674 | 19,428 | 22.3 | 16.0 | 6.3 | |
1915 | 3,068 | 67,501 | 53,713 | 13,788 | 22.0 | 17.5 | 4.5 | |
1916 | 3,071 | 64,814 | 50,627 | 14,187 | 21.1 | 16.5 | 4.6 | |
1917 | 3,071 | 61,429 | 51,713 | 9,716 | 20.0 | 16.8 | 3.2 | |
1918 | 3,069 | 61,092 | 53,682 | 7,410 | 19.9 | 17.5 | 2.4 | |
1919 | 3,060 | 61,829 | 55,776 | 6,044 | 19.9 | 18.2 | 1.7 | |
1920 | 3,102 | 67,015 | 45,521 | 21,494 | 21.6 | 14.7 | 6.9 | |
1921 | 3,096 | 61,010 | 44,537 | 16,473 | 19.7 | 14.4 | 5.3 | |
1922 | 3,070 | 58,849 | 44,547 | 14,302 | 18.5 | 14.5 | 4.0 | |
1923 | 3,014 | 62,417 | 42,217 | 19,473 | 20.5 | 14.0 | 6.5 | |
1924 | 3,005 | 63,402 | 45,180 | 18,222 | 21.1 | 15.0 | 6.1 | |
1925 | 2,985 | 62,069 | 43,650 | 18,419 | 20.8 | 14.6 | 6.2 | |
1926 | 2,971 | 61,176 | 41,740 | 19,436 | 20.6 | 14.0 | 6.5 | |
1927 | 2,957 | 60,054 | 43,677 | 16,377 | 20.3 | 14.8 | 5.5 | |
1928 | 2,944 | 59,176 | 41,792 | 17,384 | 20.1 | 14.2 | 5.9 | |
1929 | 2,937 | 58,280 | 42,991 | 15,289 | 19.8 | 14.6 | 5.2 | |
1930 | 2,927 | 58,353 | 41,702 | 16,651 | 19.9 | 14.2 | 5.7 | 2.54 |
1931 | 2,933 | 57,086 | 42,947 | 14,139 | 19.5 | 14.6 | 4.8 | 2.49 |
1932 | 2,949 | 56,240 | 42,984 | 13,256 | 19.1 | 14.6 | 4.5 | 2.43 |
1933 | 2,962 | 57,364 | 40,539 | 16,825 | 19.4 | 13.7 | 5.7 | 2.47 |
1934 | 2,971 | 57,897 | 39,083 | 18,814 | 19.5 | 13.2 | 6.3 | 2.49 |
1935 | 2,971 | 58,266 | 41,543 | 16,723 | 19.6 | 14.0 | 5.6 | 2.50 |
1936 | 2,967 | 58,115 | 42,586 | 15,529 | 19.6 | 14.4 | 5.2 | 2.50 |
1937 | 2,948 | 56,488 | 45,086 | 11,402 | 19.2 | 15.3 | 3.9 | 2.45 |
1938 | 2,937 | 56,925 | 40,041 | 16,884 | 19.4 | 13.6 | 5.7 | 2.47 |
1939 | 2,934 | 56,070 | 41,717 | 14,353 | 19.1 | 14.2 | 4.9 | 2.43 |
1940 | 2,958 | 56,594 | 41,885 | 14,709 | 19.1 | 14.2 | 5.0 | 2.43 |
1941 | 2,993 | 56,780 | 43,797 | 12,983 | 19.0 | 14.6 | 4.3 | 2.42 |
1942 | 2,963 | 66,117 | 41,640 | 24,477 | 22.3 | 14.1 | 8.3 | 2.85 |
1943 | 2,946 | 64,375 | 43,494 | 20,881 | 21.9 | 14.8 | 7.1 | 2.80 |
1944 | 2,944 | 65,425 | 45,128 | 20,297 | 22.2 | 15.3 | 6.9 | 2.84 |
1945 | 2,952 | 66,861 | 42,762 | 24,099 | 22.6 | 14.5 | 8.2 | 2.90 |
1946 | 2,957 | 67,922 | 41,457 | 26,465 | 23.0 | 14.0 | 8.9 | 2.94 |
1947 | 2,974 | 68,978 | 44,061 | 24,917 | 23.2 | 14.8 | 8.4 | 2.98 |
1948 | 2,985 | 65,930 | 36,357 | 29,573 | 22.1 | 12.2 | 9.9 | 2.80 |
1949 | 2,981 | 64,153 | 38,062 | 26,091 | 21.5 | 12.8 | 8.8 | 2.75 |
1950 | 2,969 | 63,565 | 37,741 | 25,824 | 21.4 | 12.7 | 8.7 | 2.74 |
1951 | 2,961 | 62,878 | 42,382 | 20,496 | 21.2 | 14.3 | 6.9 | 2.69 |
1952 | 2,953 | 64,631 | 35,105 | 29,526 | 21.9 | 11.9 | 10.0 | 2.97 |
1953 | 2,949 | 62,558 | 34,591 | 27,967 | 21.2 | 11.7 | 9.5 | 2.95 |
1954 | 2,941 | 62,534 | 35,535 | 26,999 | 21.3 | 12.1 | 9.2 | 3.18 |
1955 | 2,921 | 61,622 | 36,761 | 24,861 | 21.1 | 12.6 | 8.5 | 3.28 |
1956 | 2,898 | 60,740 | 33,910 | 26,830 | 21.0 | 11.7 | 9.3 | 3.41 |
1957 | 2,885 | 61,242 | 34,311 | 26,931 | 21.2 | 11.9 | 9.3 | 3.52 |
1958 | 2,853 | 59,510 | 34,248 | 25,262 | 20.9 | 12.0 | 8.9 | 3.43 |
1959 | 2,846 | 60,188 | 34,243 | 25,945 | 21.1 | 12.0 | 9.1 | 3.63 |
1960 | 2,832 | 60,735 | 32,660 | 28,075 | 21.4 | 11.5 | 9.9 | 3.78 |
1961 | 2,818 | 59,825 | 34,763 | 25,062 | 21.2 | 12.3 | 8.9 | 3.78 |
1962 | 2,830 | 61,782 | 33,838 | 27,944 | 21.8 | 12.0 | 9.9 | 3.92 |
1963 | 2,850 | 63,246 | 33,795 | 29,451 | 22.2 | 11.9 | 10.3 | 4.01 |
1964 | 2,864 | 64,072 | 32,630 | 31,442 | 22.4 | 11.4 | 11.0 | 4.07 |
1965 | 2,876 | 63,525 | 33,022 | 30,503 | 22.1 | 11.5 | 10.6 | 4.04 |
1966 | 2,884 | 62,215 | 35,113 | 27,102 | 21.6 | 12.2 | 9.4 | 3.95 |
1967 | 2,900 | 61,307 | 31,400 | 29,907 | 21.1 | 10.8 | 10.3 | 3.84 |
1968 | 2,913 | 61,004 | 33,157 | 27,847 | 20.9 | 11.4 | 9.6 | 3.77 |
1969 | 2,926 | 62,912 | 33,734 | 29,178 | 21.5 | 11.5 | 10.0 | 3.83 |
1970 | 2,950 | 64,382 | 33,686 | 30,696 | 21.8 | 11.4 | 10.4 | 3.85 |
1971 | 2,978 | 67,551 | 31,890 | 35,661 | 22.7 | 10.7 | 12.0 | 3.97 |
1972 | 3,024 | 68,527 | 34,381 | 34,146 | 22.7 | 11.4 | 11.3 | 3.93 |
1973 | 3,073 | 68,713 | 34,192 | 34,521 | 22.4 | 11.1 | 11.2 | 3.78 |
1974 | 3,124 | 68,907 | 34,921 | 33,986 | 22.1 | 11.2 | 10.9 | 3.64 |
1975 | 3,177 | 67,178 | 33,173 | 34,005 | 21.1 | 10.4 | 10.7 | 3.43 |
1976 | 3,228 | 67,718 | 34,043 | 33,675 | 21.0 | 10.5 | 10.4 | 3.35 |
1977 | 3,272 | 68,892 | 33,632 | 35,260 | 21.1 | 10.3 | 10.8 | 3.31 |
1978 | 3,314 | 70,299 | 33,794 | 36,505 | 21.2 | 10.2 | 11.0 | 3.27 |
1979 | 3,368 | 72,539 | 33,771 | 38,768 | 21.5 | 10.0 | 11.5 | 3.26 |
1980 | 3,401 | 74,064 | 33,472 | 40,592 | 21.8 | 9.8 | 11.9 | 3.25 |
1981 | 3,443 | 72,158 | 32,929 | 39,229 | 21.0 | 9.6 | 11.4 | 3.10 |
1982 | 3,480 | 70,843 | 32,457 | 38,386 | 20.4 | 9.3 | 11.0 | 2.98 |
1983 | 3,504 | 67,117 | 32,076 | 35,041 | 19.2 | 9.2 | 10.0 | 2.76 |
1984 | 3,529 | 64,062 | 32,154 | 31,908 | 18.2 | 9.1 | 9.0 | 2.57 |
1985 | 3,540 | 62,388 | 33,213 | 29,175 | 17.6 | 9.4 | 8.2 | 2.48 |
1986 | 3,541 | 61,620 | 33,630 | 27,990 | 17.4 | 9.5 | 7.9 | 2.44 |
1987 | 3,547 | 58,433 | 31,413 | 27,020 | 16.5 | 8.9 | 7.6 | 2.31 |
1988 | 3,531 | 54,600 | 31,580 | 23,020 | 15.5 | 8.9 | 6.5 | 2.17 |
1989 | 3,510 | 52,018 | 32,111 | 19,907 | 14.8 | 9.1 | 5.7 | 2.08 |
1990 | 3,506 | 52,954 | 31,370 | 21,584 | 15.1 | 8.9 | 6.2 | 2.12 |
1991 | 3,526 | 52,718 | 31,305 | 21,413 | 15.0 | 8.9 | 6.1 | 2.09 |
1992 | 3,555 | 51,089 | 30,931 | 20,158 | 14.4 | 8.7 | 5.7 | 1.99 |
1993 | 3,574 | 49,304 | 32,148 | 17,156 | 13.8 | 9.0 | 4.8 | 1.91 |
1994 | 3,586 | 48,255 | 30,948 | 17,307 | 13.5 | 8.6 | 4.8 | 1.85 |
1995 | 3,601 | 48,530 | 31,494 | 17,036 | 13.5 | 8.7 | 4.7 | 1.86 |
1996 | 3,626 | 50,390 | 31,514 | 18,876 | 13.9 | 8.7 | 5.2 | 1.89 |
1997 | 3,664 | 52,311 | 31,605 | 20,706 | 14.3 | 8.6 | 5.7 | 1.93 |
1998 | 3,703 | 53,551 | 31,352 | 22,199 | 14.5 | 8.5 | 6.0 | 1.95 |
1999 | 3,742 | 53,354 | 31,683 | 21,671 | 14.3 | 8.5 | 5.8 | 1.90 |
2000 | 3,790 | 54,239 | 31,115 | 23,124 | 14.3 | 8.2 | 6.1 | 1.89 |
2001 | 3,847 | 57,854 | 30,212 | 27,642 | 15.0 | 7.9 | 7.2 | 1.96 |
2002 | 3,917 | 60,521 | 29,348 | 31,173 | 15.5 | 7.5 | 8.0 | 1.97 |
2003 | 3,980 | 61,529 | 29,074 | 32,455 | 15.5 | 7.3 | 8.2 | 1.99 |
2004 | 4,045 | 61,972 | 28,665 | 33,307 | 15.3 | 7.1 | 8.2 | 1.96 |
2005 | 4,134 | 61,372 | 28,260 | 33,112 | 14.8 | 6.8 | 8.0 | 1.88 |
2006 | 4,233 | 64,237 | 27,479 | 36,758 | 15.2 | 6.7 | 8.5 | 1.93 |
2007 | 4,339 | 71,389 | 28,050 | 42,570 | 16.4 | 6.4 | 10.0 | 2.04 |
2008 | 4,422 | 75,173 | 28,192 | 46,873 | 17.0 | 6.3 | 10.7 | 2.14 |
2009 | 4,459 | 75,554 | 28,898 | 45,380 | 16.9 | 6.3 | 10.6 | 2.10 |
2010 | 4,470 | 73,724 | 27,122 | 46,602 | 16.5 | 6.1 | 10.4 | 2.07 |
2011 | 4,588 | 74,650 | 28,995 | 45,655 | 16.2 | 6.2 | 10.0 | 2.04 |
2012 | 4,585 | 72,225 | 28,848 | 43,377 | 15.6 | 6.4 | 9.2 | 2.01 |
2013 | 4,593 | 68,930 | 30,018 | 38,912 | 15.0 | 6.5 | 8.5 | 1.96 |
2014 | 4,615 | 67,462 | 29,095 | 38,367 | 14.6 | 6.3 | 8.3 | 1.95 |
2015 | 4,635 | 65,909 | 29,952 | 35,957 | 14.2 | 6.4 | 7.8 | 1.91 |
2016 | 4,757 | 63,897 | 30,390 | 33,507 | 13.7 | 6.5 | 7.2 | 1.90 |
Current natural growth[16]
- Births from January–September,2015 = 50,375
- Births from January–September,2016 = 49,157
- Deaths from January–September,2015 = 23,020
- Deaths from January–September,2016 = 23,435
- Natural growth from January–September,2015 = 27,355
- Natural growth from January–September,2016 = 25,722
Demographic statistics
The following demographic statistics are from the Republic of Ireland's Central Statistics Office (CSO), Eurostat and the CIA World Factbook.
Population
Figures from the CSO.[17]
- 4,581,269 (2011)
- 4,585,400 (2012 preliminary estimate)
- 4,757,976 (2016 census)
Age structure
- 0–14 years: 21.3% (male: 501,189; female: 478,401) (2011)
- 15–64 years: 67.0% (male: 1,558,196; female: 1,545,073) (2011)
- 65 years and over: 11.7% (female: 292,079; male: 243,314) (2011)
Sex ratio
- at birth: 1.07 male(s)/female
- under 15 years: 1.07 male(s)/female
- 15–64 years: 1 male(s)/female
- 65 years and over: 0.8 male(s)/female
- total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2008)
Infant mortality rate
- total:
3.78 deaths/1,000 live births (2013)
Life expectancy at birth
- total population: 80.19 years (2011)
- female: 82.55 years (2011)
- male: 77.96 years (2011)
Total fertility rate
2.1 children born/woman (2009)[18]
HIV/AIDS
– adult prevalence rate: 0.1% (2001 est.) - people living with HIV/AIDS: 6,900 (2008 est.)
Nationality
- noun: Irishman (men), Irishwoman (women), Irish (collective plural)
- adjective: Irish
Nationalities in the Republic of Ireland
Irish (including dual-Irish/other): 86.9%, UK: 2.5%, Other EU 27: 6.1%, Other Europe: 0.7%, Asia: 1.5%, Africa: 0.9%, USA: 0.2%, Other countries: 0.5%, Multiple nationality: 0.1%, Not stated: 1.2% (2011)
Below are the 20 largest immigrant groups in the Republic of Ireland according to the 2011 census.
Country of Birth | Immigrants in the Republic of Ireland (2011 Census) |
---|---|
Poland | 122,585 |
United Kingdom | 112,259 |
Lithuania | 36,683 |
Latvia | 20,593 |
Nigeria | 17,642 |
Romania | 17,304 |
India | 16,986 |
Philippines | 12,791 |
Germany | 11,305 |
United States | 11,015 |
China | 10,896 |
Slovakia | 10,801 |
France | 9,749 |
Brazil | 8,704 |
Hungary | 8,034 |
Italy | 7,656 |
Pakistan | 6,847 |
Spain | 6,794 |
Czech Republic | 5,451 |
South Africa | 4,872 |
Ethnic groups
Irish, with Norse (Scandinavian), Norman, English, French, Scottish, and Welsh, Ulster-Scots and various immigrant populations – the largest immigrant groups, with over 10,000 people, are the British, Poles, Americans, Lithuanians, Latvians, Germans, Nigerians, Indians, Pakistanis and Chinese.[19]
Ethnic backgrounds: White Irish: 82.2%, White Irish Traveller: 0.7%, Other White: 9.5% (total White: 92.4%), Asian: 2.1%, Black: 1.3%, Other: 1.5%, Not Stated: 2.6% (2016)[20]
Religions
The Republic of Ireland is a predominantly Christian country. The vast majority are Roman Catholic, although parts of County Donegal in Ulster, especially East Donegal and Inishowen, have a huge Protestant minority. However, the number of people who declare themselves Catholic has been declining in recent years. As of the 2016 census, 78.3% were Catholic, a drop of 5.8% since 2011. Conversely, irreligion has almost doubled since 2011 with 9.8% declaring 'No Religion' in 2016, overtaking Protestantism as the second largest group in the state. The various Protestant and other Christian faiths represent 5.6%, Islam 1.3%, other religions 2.4% and 2.6% gave no answer.
Geographic Population Distribution
- Urban population (areas with >1,500 people): 62.0% (2011)
- Rural population: 38.0% (2011)
Languages
English is the most commonly used language, with 94%[21] of the population calling it their mother tongue. Irish is the first official language of the state, with 11%[21] calling it their mother tongue. Irish is the main language of the Gaeltacht regions, where 96,628 people live. Shelta and Ulster Scots are also spoken by small communities, with Ulster Scots being widely spoken in more rural areas of East Donegal and Inishowen. The main sign language used is Irish Sign Language.
Literacy
- definition: age 15 and over who can read and write
- total population: 99%
- male: 99%
- female: 99% (2003 est.)
See also
- Republic of Ireland Census 2011
- Republic of Ireland
- Northern Ireland
- Irish diaspora
- Irish population analysis
- Ireland
- Stamp 4
Groups:
- Black people in Ireland
- Lithuanians in Ireland
- Turks in Ireland
- Polish minority in Ireland
- Roma in Ireland
References
- ^ Census 2016 Preliminary Report
- ^ Census.ie - Population of Ireland 1841 - 2006 Archived 27 February 2015 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ RTÉ News - Irish population to hit 6.7m by 2060
- ^ Irish Examiner - Baby boom as Irish births reach highest level since 1982 Archived 8 September 2008 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 March 2012. Retrieved 17 November 2011.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help)CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ IrishJournal.ie
- ^ Traveller ethnicity recognition to be backed by Taoiseach
- ^ Irish Independent - Baby boom puts us on top of birth rate league
- ^ Cusack, Jim (11 May 2008). "€10,000 bogus marriage offer for Latvian girls". Independent. Archived from the original on 1 August 2012. Retrieved 15 April 2012.
{{cite news}}
: Unknown parameter|dead-url=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Wanted: EU bride for marriage of convenience". Independent. 31 January 2010. Retrieved 20 April 2012.
- ^ "Ireland/Latvia: The Golden Immigration Card". Deutsche Welle. Retrieved 20 April 2012.
- ^ "UK-Ireland borders deal to target illegal immigrants". BBC. 20 December 2011. Retrieved 15 April 2012.
- ^ "Visa plan targets illegal immigrants". Irish Times. Retrieved 15 April 2012.
- ^ "Latvia calls on Ireland to tackle sham marriages". BBC. 21 November 2010. Retrieved 15 April 2012.
- ^ "Number of Births, Deaths and Marriages". Central Statistics Office. Retrieved 15 June 2017.
- ^ "Births, Deaths and Marriages". Central Statistics Office. Central Statistics Office of the Republic of Ireland. Retrieved 22 February 2016.
- ^ "Population and Migration Estimates" (PDF). Dublin: Central Statistics Office. 27 September 2012. p. 7. ISSN 1393-5593. Retrieved 30 October 2012.
- ^ Central Statistics Office Ireland - Report on Vital Statistics 2009
- ^ CSO Ireland - Persons usually resident and present in the State on Census Night (2006), classified by place of birth and age group Archived 12 August 2011 at the Wayback Machine.
- ^ http://www.cso.ie/en/media/csoie/releasespublications/documents/population/2017/Chapter_6_Ethnicity_and_irish_travellers.pdf
- ^ a b Eurobarometer - Europeans and their languages
External links