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Frozen (2013 film)

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Frozen
US theatrical release poster
Directed byChris Buck
Jennifer Lee
Screenplay byJennifer Lee
Produced byPeter Del Vecho
John Lasseter
StarringKristen Bell
Idina Menzel
Jonathan Groff
Santino Fontana
Josh Gad
Alan Tudyk
Chris Williams
CinematographyScott Beattie (layout)
Mohit Kallianpur (lighting)
Edited byJeff Draheim
Music byChristophe Beck[1]
Production
companies
Distributed byWalt Disney Studios
Motion Pictures
Release date
  • November 27, 2013 (2013-11-27)
CountryUnited States
LanguageEnglish

Frozen is an upcoming American computer animated musical fantasy-comedy film produced by Walt Disney Animation Studios and released by Walt Disney Pictures.[2] It is inspired by Hans Christian Andersen's fairy tale The Snow Queen, and will be the 53rd animated feature in the Walt Disney Animated Classics series. The film will feature the voices of Kristen Bell as Anna, Idina Menzel as Elsa the Snow Queen, Jonathan Groff as Kristoff, and Josh Gad as Olaf the Snowman. The film is will be released in North America on November 27, 2013.

Plot

There are two Princesses of Arendelle: Elsa (Idina Menzel), the soon-to-be Queen, and Anna (Kristen Bell). Elsa has the power to create snow and ice. After letting her powers get out of hand, she goes into hiding, only for her emotions to trigger a magical, eternal winter that freezes the kingdom of Arendelle. The arrogant Duke of Weselton (Alan Tudyk) plotted to turn everyone against "the monster" Elsa for his own devilish needs.

Anna, a fearless and daring optimist, must journey with extreme mountain man Kristoff (Jonathan Groff) and reindeer sidekick Sven in an epic journey, encountering mystical trolls, a comical snowman named Olaf (Josh Gad), Everest-like extremes and magic at every turn in a race to find Elsa (now known as the Snow Queen), save their kingdom from eternal winter, and make things right before it's too late.[3][4][5]

Voice cast

Development

Origins

In 1943, Walt Disney and Samuel Goldwyn had considered the possibility of collaborating together to produce a biography film of author and poet Hans Christian Andersen, where Goldwyn's studio would shoot the live-action sequences of Andersen's life and Disney would create the animated sequences. The animated sequences were to include stories of Andersen's works, such as The Little Mermaid, The Little Match Girl, The Snow Queen, Thumbelina, The Ugly Duckling, The Red Shoes, and The Emperor's New Clothes. Walt and his animators were having hard troubles about The Snow Queen, as they couldn't find a way to adapt and relate the Snow Queen character to modern audiences. Even as far back as the 1940s, Disney's animation department saw great cinematic possibilities with the source material, but the Snow Queen character herself, proved to be too problematic. This, among other things, led to the cancellation of the Disney-Goldwyn project. Goldwyn went on to produce his own live action film version in 1952, entitled Hans Christian Andersen, with Danny Kaye as Andersen, Charles Vidor directing, Moss Hart writing, and Frank Loesser penning the songs. All of Andersen's fairy tales were, instead, told in song and ballet in live action, like the rest of the film. It went on to receive six Academy Award nominations the following year. Back at Disney, The Snow Queen, along with other Andersen fairy tales (including The Little Mermaid), were shelved.[13]

Later efforts

"Hans Christian Andersen’s original version of The Snow Queen is a pretty dark tale and it doesn’t translate easily into a film. For us the breakthrough came when we tried to give really human qualities to the Snow Queen. When we decided to make the Snow Queen Elsa and our protagonist Anna sisters, that gave a way to relate to the characters in a way that conveyed what each was going through and that would relate for today’s audiences. This film has a lot of complicated characters and complicated relationships in it. There are times when Elsa does villainous things but because you understand where it comes from, from this desire to defend herself, you can always relate to her. “Inspired by” means exactly that. There is snow and there is ice and there is a Queen, but other than that, we depart from it quite a bit. We do try to bring scope and the scale that you would expect but do it in a way that we can understand the characters and relate to them."

— Producer Peter Del Vecho, on the difficulties adapting The Snow Queen[14]

In the late 1990s, Walt Disney Feature Animation started on their own adaptation of The Snow Queen after the tremendous success of the Disney Renaissance films, until the project was scrapped completely in late 2002, when Glen Keane notoriously quit the project.[15] Even before then, Harvey Fierstein pitched his version of the story to the Disney executives, but was turned down. Dick Zondag and Dave Goetz all had their try on it, but failed. Disney shelved the project again. Michael Eisner, then-CEO and chairman of The Walt Disney Company, offered his support to the project and suggested doing it with John Lasseter at Pixar Animation Studios, when the studios would get their contracts renewed.[16]

However, in March 2010, four years after the Pixar acquisition, Disney commissioned the project instead at Walt Disney Animation Studios, with Kirk Wise and Gary Trousdale directing, along with Don Hahn to produce, John Lasseter to executive produce, Linda Woolverton to write the script, and Alan Menken and Glenn Slater to write the songs,[17] which would've reunited most of the same creative team of Beauty and the Beast. By June 2010, the project entered development hell once again, when the studio failed to find a way to make the story and the Snow Queen character work.[18]

Revitalization

On December 22, 2011, following the success of Tangled (formerly Rapunzel), Disney announced a new title for the film, Frozen, and a release date, November 27, 2013, and a different crew from the previous attempt.[19] A month later, it was confirmed that the film would be a computer animated feature in stereoscopic 3D, instead of the intended hand drawn animation.[15] On March 5, 2012, it was announced that Chris Buck would be directing, with John Lasseter and Peter Del Vecho producing.[20]

When Disney decided to start up The Snow Queen again, one of the main challenges Buck and Del Vecho faced was the character of the Snow Queen, which in that earlier version of the story, was a villain. Buck and Del Vecho presented their storyboards to John Lasseter, with the entire production team adjourned to a conference to hear John's thoughts on this work-in-progress. Production designer Michael Giaimo, recalled; "That was the game changer...I remember John saying that the latest version of The Snow Queen story that Chris Buck and his team had come up with was fun, very light-hearted. But the characters didn't resonate. They aren't multi-faceted. Which why John felt that audiences wouldn't really be able to connect with them." The production team then addressed the film's problems, drafting several different variations on the Snow Queen story until the characters and story felt relevant. The film's protagonist, Anna, was based on the Gerda character from The Snow Queen, whereas Kristoff was loosely based on the Robber Girl character. The production team decided to have Anna and Elsa (the Snow Queen) as sisters. "From that moment forward, the project began to jell in some very exciting ways. Once we realized that these characters could be siblings and have a relationship, everything changed," Del Vecho enthused. Columnist Jim Hill wrote on the film's production back-story, "Lasseter also immediately saw the wisdom in taking the approach to adapting the story of The Snow Queen to the big screen. That a sibling dynamic like this had never been explored in an animated feature before. Which is why making this particular story change would definitely bring new to that table."[21]

Production

On March 5, 2012, it was announced that actress Kristen Bell would provide her voice to the lead character, Anna.[20] "Since I was 4 years old, I dreamed of being in a Disney animated film," Bell said. "It was the first goal I ever set for myself. It seemed like it would be a very unrealistic one."[20][22] When Bell was a little girl, she recorded a voice box where she sang a couple of songs from The Little Mermaid, including "Part of Your World", after growing much fascination of wanting to appear in a Disney animated film from The Little Mermaid and Aladdin. Her Little Mermaid vocal tracks were part of the reason why she got the part of Anna, as director Jennifer Lee said to her that if she hadn't recorded her own vocal tracks from Mermaid, it would've been very difficult to the find the right one to play Anna. [23] She did the recording sessions while she was pregnant. After she gave birth, she re-recorded some lines as her voice had deepened, and there were "more womanly tones."[24] In addition to Bell's casting, Disney cast Idina Menzel as Elsa the Snow Queen.[7] On December 19, 2012, it was announced that Jonathan Groff would voice the role of Kristoff.[8] It was also announced that Alan Tudyk, who voiced King Candy in Wreck-It Ralph, would voice the role of the Duke of Weselton, along with Santino Fontana who would be voicing Prince Hans, and Josh Gad who would be voicing Olaf the snowman.[10] When asked on her approach to Anna, Kristen Bell replied, "I'm really excited to show it to people. I became a part of the kind of movie I wanted to see as a kid," she said. "I always loved Disney animation, but there was something about the females that was unattainable to me. Their posture was too good and they were too well-spoken, and I feel like I really made this girl much more relatable and weirder and scrappier and more excitable and awkward. I'm really proud of that."[25]

On November 30, 2012, it was announced that Jennifer Lee, one of the screenwriters of Wreck-It Ralph, had joined Buck as co-director.[26] The filmmakers hired Lee initially as a screenwriter, after having been impressed with her work on Wreck-It Ralph. She, then, quickly understood the story in the pre-development process and had such a huge passion for the project that she worked closely and so well with the songwriters, Robert and Kristen, and the director Chris Buck. It had been clear that she brought a lot of creativity to the film than it had received before and, also the producers needed two directors that will fit the time schedule they had for the film's production, that is why she was hired as director, alongside Buck.[27] Following the announcement, Jennifer Lee became the first woman to direct a full-length animated motion picture produced by Walt Disney Animation Studios. With two directors for an animated motion picture, progress will get done a lot faster: the directors, producers, head of story, and songwriters would work together in story planning until when the story works well and right. After that and when the enters production, Jennifer Lee will focus on the story while Chris Buck will focus on the animation (Lee didn't have much animation experience even before Wreck-It Ralph). They, then, come to work together again in its editorial stage, though they would sometimes meet up together during production to share ideas when they needed to, but also cut time from their respective duties a little bit, so that they can get more work done in a day.[28]

Animation

The film's animators visited an Ice Hotel in Quebec, Canada to study how light reflects and refracts on snow and ice. For the film's setting, the animators used the landscape of Norway and the feel of the winter season of Wyoming for inspiration.[29] "We had a very short time schedule for this film, so our main focus was really to get the story right but we knew that John Lasseter is keen on truth in the material and creating a believable world, and again that doesn't mean it's a realistic world - but a believable one. It was important to see the scope and scale of Norway, and important for our animators to know what it's like," Del Vecho remarked. "There is a real feeling of Lawrence of Arabia scope and scale to this," he finished. Back at the studio, Del Vecho explained the film's production: "On this movie we do have character leads, supervising animators on specific characters. The animators themselves may work on multiple characters but it’s always under one lead. I think it was different on Tangled, for example, but we chose to do it this way as we wanted one person to fully understand and develop their own character and then be able to impart that to the crew. Hyrum Osmond, the animator on Olaf, is quiet but he has a funny, wacky personality so we knew he’d bring a lot of comedy to it; Anna’s animator, Becky Bresee, it’s her first time leading a character and we wanted her to lead Anna."[30]

Regarding the look and nature of the film's cinematography, the film's art director Michael Giaimo was greatly influenced by the legendary Jack Cardiff's work in Black Narcissus, which lends a hyper-reality to Frozen: "Because this is a movie with such scale and we have the Norwegian fjords to draw from, I really wanted to explore the depth. From a design perspective, since I was stressing the horizontal and vertical aspects, and what the fjords provide, it was perfect. We encased the sibling story in scale." In fact, Ted D. McCord's work on The Sound of Music was another major influence: "The juxtaposition of character and environment and the counterpart of how they played in terms of cinematography was brilliant in that film," Giaimo added. It was also his idea that Frozen should be filmed in CinemaScope, which was approved by John Lasseter. [31] Columnist Bill Desowitz wrote about the design and majesty of the film's visual imagery; "According to Giaimo, there were three important takeaways from the research trip in making Frozen unique to the Disney canon: the fjords, which are the massive vertical rock formations, and serve as the setting for the secluded Arendelle kingdom; the medieval stave churches, whose rustic triangular roof-lines and shingles inspired the castle compound; and the rosemaling folk art, whose distinctive paneling and grid patterns informed the architecture, decor, and costumes." Giaimo, whose background is animation, noted that the art design environment represents a unity of character and environment. "Now that I look back on Frozen, that's why I'm not afraid of color. I wanted very saturated colors and I wanted to use black, which is usually a no-no in CG."[32] A live reindeer was brought into the studio for animators to study its movements and mannerisms for the character, Sven.

Frozen is "a bit of a feminist movie for Disney. I'm really proud of that. It has everything, but it's essentially about sisterhood. I think that these two women are competitive with one another, but always trying to protect each other - sisters are just so complicated. It's such a great relationship to have in movies, especially for young kids."

— Idina Menzel, on her impression of Frozen and its importance of family relationships[33]

When the English title for the film was officially changed from The Snow Queen to Frozen, Peter Del Vecho explains "The title Frozen came up independently of the title Tangled. It’s because, to us, it represents the movie. Frozen plays on the level of ice and snow but also the frozen relationship, the frozen heart that has to be thawed. We don’t think of comparisons between Tangled and Frozen, though. The decision to call the film Frozen was the filmmakers' decision. The studio’s decision to then call it the Snow Queen overseas was because that just resonated stronger in some countries than Frozen. Maybe there’s a richness to the Snow Queen in the country’s heritage and they just wanted to emphasize that."[34] As he continued to make his statement, "We’re telling a story about family and relationships and that in itself can be very complicated. A lot of times what you perceive something to be isn't what it turns out to be – Elsa has to hide for her whole life who she is, even from her sister. That clearly affected her and made her into the character she is. Hopefully, if you look at the story through Elsa’s eyes you’ll be able to understand what she does or if you look at it through Anna’s eyes you’ll be able to understand why she does what she does, but they’re all complicated relationships. We don’t think of it as a Princess movie. They happen to be Princesses but we don’t think about it that way, so I always get a bit thrown when people talk about this. But I can say we want to make them really believable and not set them up on a pedestal. Our version of these characters should feel really real and be relatable to things you might go through in your life."[35]

Music and soundtrack

Untitled

The songs for Frozen were written and composed by the husband-and-wife songwriting team of Robert Lopez and Kristen Anderson-Lopez, both of whom had previously worked with Walt Disney Animation Studios on Winnie the Pooh.[7] Lopez and Anderson-Lopez's "Let It Go" and "In the Summer" were previewed at the 2013 D23 Expo, with the former being performed by Idina Menzel.[36] In February 2013, Christophe Beck was hired to score the film, following his highly acclaimed work on Paperman, a Disney animated short film released the year prior to Frozen.[1] Kristen Bell also confirmed that there will be a duet between her and Menzel.[5] It was also revealed on September 14, 2013 that Frode Fjellheim's Eatnemen Vuelie will be the film's opening song.[37][38] On October 21, 2013, Demi Lovato released her cover of "Let It Go" for the film's soundtrack.[39] Two editions of the soundtrack will be released by Walt Disney Records on November 25, 2013; a single-disc and a two-disc deluxe edition (containing original demo recordings of songs and score compositions, unused outtake recordings, and instrumental versions of the film's main songs).[40]

For the orchestral film score, composer Christophe Beck gave homage to the Norway-inspired setting, employing regional instruments such as the bukkehorn and traditional vocal techniques such as kulning.[41] The music producers recruited a Norwegian linguist to assist with the lyrics for an Old Norse song written for Elsa's coronation, and also traveled to Norway to record the all-female choir Cantus, for a piece inspired by traditional Norwegian music.[41] The score was recorded by an 80-piece orchestra, featuring 32 vocalists, including native Norwegian Christine Hals.[41] Beck worked with Lopez and Anderson-Lopez on incorporating their songs into arrangements in the score. The trio's goal "was to create a cohesive musical journey from beginning to end".[41]

Track listing

All music is composed by Kristen Anderson-Lopez and Robert Lopez except tracks 11–32 which are composed by Christophe Beck[41]

Frozen (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack)
No.TitlePerformer(s)Length
1."Frozen Heart"Cast of Frozen1:45
2."Do You Want to Build a Snowman?"Kristen Bell, Agatha Lee Monn, and Katie Lopez3:27
3."For the First Time in Forever"Idina Menzel and Kristen Bell3:45
4."Love is an Open Door"Kristen Bell and Santino Fontana2:07
5."Let It Go"Idina Menzel3:44
6."Reindeer(s) are Better Than People"Jonathan Groff0:50
7."In the Summer"Josh Gad1:54
8."For the First Time in Forever (Reprise)"Idina Menzel and Kristen Bell2:30
9."Fixer Upper" (featuring Maia Wilson)Cast of Frozen3:02
10."Let It Go"Demi Lovato3:47
11."Vuelie" (featuring Cantus)Christophe Beck1:36
12."Elsa and Anna"Christophe Beck2:43
13."The Trolls"Christophe Beck1:48
14."Coronation Day"Christophe Beck1:14
15."Heimr Arnadlr"Christophe Beck1:25
16."Winter's Waltz"Christophe Beck1:00
17."Sorcery"Christophe Beck3:17
18."Royal Pursuit"Christophe Beck1:02
19."Onward and Upward"Christophe Beck1:54
20."Wolves"Christophe Beck1:44
21."The North Mountain"Christophe Beck1:34
22."We Were So Close"Christophe Beck1:53
23."Marshmallow Attack!"Christophe Beck1:43
24."Conceal, Don't Feel"Christophe Beck1:07
25."Only an Act of True Love"Christophe Beck1:07
26."Summit Siege"Christophe Beck2:32
27."Return to Arendelle"Christophe Beck1:38
28."Treason"Christophe Beck1:36
29."Some People Are Worth Melting For"Christophe Beck2:06
30."Whiteout"Christophe Beck4:17
31."The Great Thaw (Vuelie Reprise)" (featuring Frode Fjellheim)Christophe Beck2:29
32."Epilogue"Christophe Beck3:04
Total length:1:03:40
Frozen (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack – Two-Disc Deluxe Edition) (Disc 2)[42]
No.TitleArtist(s)Length
1."For the First Time in Forever (Demo)"Kristen Anderson-Lopez3:33
2."Love Is an Open Door (Demo)"Robert Lopez and Kristen Anderson-Lopez2:05
3."We Know Better (Outtake)"Kristen Anderson-Lopez4:04
4."Spring Pageant (Outtake)"Robert Lopez, Kristen Anderson-Lopez, Katie Lopez, and Annie Lopez3:11
5."More Than Just the Spare (Outtake)"Kristen Anderson-Lopez3:26
6."You're You (Outtake)"Robert Lopez and Kristen Anderson-Lopez1:50
7."Life's Too Short (Outtake)"Kristen Anderson-Lopez3:53
8."Life's Too Short (Reprise) (Outtake)"Kristen Anderson-Lopez1:44
9."Reindeer(s) Remix (Outtake)"Robert Lopez2:29
10."The Ballad of Olaf & Sven (Demo)"Christophe Beck1:35
11."Queen Elsa of Arendelle (Demo)"Christophe Beck0:44
12."Hans (Demo)"Christophe Beck1:22
13."It Had to Be Snow (Demo)"Christophe Beck1:18
14."Meet Olaf (Demo)"Christophe Beck2:01
15."Hands for Hans (Demo)"Christophe Beck0:48
16."Oaken's Sauna (Demo)"Christophe Beck1:26
17."Thin Air (Demo)"Christophe Beck2:19
18."Cliff Diving (Demo)"Christophe Beck0:51
19."The Love Experts (Demo)"Christophe Beck1:04
20."Elsa Imprisoned (Demo)"Christophe Beck1:04
21."Hans' Kiss (Demo)"Christophe Beck2:11
22."Coronation Band Suite (Demo)"Christophe Beck1:34
23."Let It Go (Instrumental)"Robert Lopez and Kristen Anderson-Lopez3:46
24."For the First Time in Forever (Instrumental)"Robert Lopez and Kristen Anderson-Lopez3:46
25."Love Is an Open Door (Instrumental)"Robert Lopez and Kristen Anderson-Lopez2:07
26."In Summer (Instrumental)"Robert Lopez and Kristen Anderson-Lopez1:48
27."Let It Go (Instrumental)"Robert Lopez, Kristen Anderson-Lopez, and Emanuel "Eman" Kiriakou3:42
Total length:54:61

Release

Frozen will premiere at the New York International Children's Film Festival on November 10, 2013.[43] It will be theatrically released on November 27, 2013, and will be accompanied by the Mickey Mouse animated short film, Get a Horse! [44]

References

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  12. ^ First Look at Disneys Frozen for 27 November Premiere
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  15. ^ a b Fischer, Russ (January 11, 2012). "Disney's "Frozen", Formerly "The Snow Queen", Will Be CG Rather Than Hand-Drawn". Slash Film. Retrieved January 12, 2012.
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  18. ^ "The Lion King Goes 3D". ComingSoon. June 22, 2010. Retrieved January 12, 2012.
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  20. ^ a b c Todd Gilchrist (2012-03-05). "Kristen Bell Set to Star in Stage Adaptation 'Some Girls', Animated Feature 'Frozen' (Exclusive)". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved 2012-03-05. Cite error: The named reference "hr" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
  21. ^ Jim Hill (2013-10-18). "Countdown to Disney "Frozen" : How one simple suggestion broke the ice on the "Snow Queen"'s decades-long story problems". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2013-10-22.
  22. ^ Alexander, Bryan (17 June 2013). "'Frozen' defrosts Kristen Bell's Disney dreams". USA Today. Retrieved 29 October 2013.
  23. ^ Chance, Molly (August 14, 2013). "Kristen Bell: 'Frozen' character is awkward,' 'Veronica Mars' footage 'looks radical'". Zap2It. Retrieved October 22, 2013.
  24. ^ "Low-key bride Kristen Bell". Belfast Telegraph. August 31, 2013. Retrieved September 13, 2013.
  25. ^ Wilkinson, Amy (August 28, 2013). "Kristen Bell: 'Frozen' Is 'The Kind Of Movie I Wanted To See As A Kid". MTV News. Retrieved October 22, 2013.
  26. ^ Fleming, Mike (November 29, 2012). "Jennifer Lee to co-direct Disney Animated Film 'Frozen'". Deadline. Retrieved November 29, 2012.
  27. ^ Connelly, Brendon (September 25, 2013). "Inside The Research, Design, And Animation Of Walt Disney's Frozen With Producer Peter Del Vecho". Bleeding Cool. Retrieved October 22, 2013.
  28. ^ Connelly, Brendon (September 25, 2013). "Inside The Research, Design, And Animation Of Walt Disney's Frozen With Producer Peter Del Vecho". Bleeding Cool. Retrieved October 22, 2013.
  29. ^ 30 July 2013. "THE STORY BEHIND THE STORY OF FROZEN". Disney Insider. The Walt Disney Company. Retrieved 31 July 2013.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  30. ^ Desowitz, Bill (October 7, 2013). "Immersed in Movies: First Look: Designing the Winter Wonderland of 'Frozen'". Animation Scoop. Retrieved October 22, 2013.
  31. ^ Desowitz, Bill (October 7, 2013). "Immersed in Movies: First Look: Designing the Winter Wonderland of 'Frozen'". Animation Scoop. Retrieved October 17, 2013.
  32. ^ Desowitz, Bill (October 7, 2013). "Immersed in Movies: First Look: Designing the Winter Wonderland of 'Frozen'". Animation Scoop. Retrieved October 22, 2013.
  33. ^ Chance, Molly (August 14, 2013). "Kristen Bell: 'Frozen' character is awkward,' 'Veronica Mars' footage 'looks radical'". Zap2It. Retrieved October 22, 2013.
  34. ^ Connelly, Brendon (September 25, 2013). "Inside The Research, Design, And Animation Of Walt Disney's Frozen With Producer Peter Del Vecho". Bleeding Cool. Retrieved October 22, 2013.
  35. ^ Desowitz, Bill (October 7, 2013). "Immersed in Movies: First Look: Designing the Winter Wonderland of 'Frozen'". Animation Scoop. Retrieved October 22, 2013.
  36. ^ Graser, Marc (9 August 2013). "D23 Expo: Disney Fanfest Starts Off Strong with Animation Lineup". Variety. Retrieved 23 October 2013.
  37. ^ Jardine, William (September 15, 2013). "Frozen Stuff: Opening Song and Oh So Many Olaf Posters". A113Animation. Retrieved September 15, 2013.
  38. ^ Hoel, Ole Jacob (September 14, 2013). "Trøndersk joik åpner Disney-film". Adressa.no (in Norwegian). Retrieved September 15, 2013.
  39. ^ Rosen, Christopher (21 October 2013). "Demi Lovato's 'Let It Go,' From The Disney Film 'Frozen,' Gets Released". The Huffington Post. Retrieved 23 October 2013.
  40. ^ "Walt Disney Animation Studios' "Frozen" Lets Go With Dynamic Soundtrack". PR Newswire. October 22, 2013. Retrieved October 22, 2013.
  41. ^ a b c d e "Walt Disney Animation Studios' "Frozen" Lets Go With Dynamic Soundtrack". The Wall Street Journal. 22 October 2013. Retrieved 23 October 2013.
  42. ^ "Frozen (Deluxe): Music". Amazon.com. Retrieved 2013-08-22.
  43. ^ Zahed, Ramin (25 October 2013). "Disney's 'Frozen' to Premiere at N.Y. Children's Festival". Animation Magazine. Retrieved 29 October 2013.
  44. ^ Nachman, Brett (August 10, 2013). "D23 Expo: Mickey Mouse Short 'Get A Horse' Debuts; Will Open With 'Frozen'". Geeks of Doom. Retrieved August 18, 2013.
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