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Telephone numbers in Russia

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Country Code: +7
International Call Prefix: 8~10
Trunk Prefix: 8

Telephone numbers in Russia are under a unified numbering plan with Kazakhstan, both of which share the international code +7. Historically, +7 was used as the country calling code for all of the Soviet Union. Following the Soviet break-up, all of its former republics, save for Russia and Kazakhstan, switched to new country codes. Following Abkhazia's secession from Georgia, Abkhazia switched to the Russian telephone codes +7 840 for landlines and +7 940 for mobile phones, though it still can be reached via the Georgian telephone code +995 44.[1] After the annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation, Crimea has also switched to the Russian telephone codes +7 978 for mobile phones and +7 869 for landlines in Sevastopol and +7 365 for landlines in the rest of its territory since 7 May 2015.[nb 1][4]

Russia uses a four-level (local, zone, country, international) open dialing plan. Local telecommunications regulators had planned to abandon this system and change to a closed dialing plan at all levels by 2009, but postponed the changeover until 2010,[5] and later pushed once more until 2012.[6] Currently, all national subscriber numbers consist of 10 digits (excluding any prefixes), with 3 digits for an area code and a 7-digit individual number which includes a zone code.

Long distance and international prefixes

The international dialing prefix in Russia is "8~10"—callers dial "8", wait for a tone, and then dial "10", followed by the country code, area code, and number. The long distance prefix is "8~". There are plans to change those prefixes to "0" for national and "00" for international dialing,[7] but they are not yet implemented.

Placing long distance and international calls

When making long distance or international calls from a fixed line, a subscriber may choose either of two providers: Pre-Select or Hot-Choice. If a subscriber prefers Pre-Select, he calls a prescribed free number (8-800-333-0990 for MTT or 8-800-100-2525 RT) and signs up initially for service. He may also sign a statement at the phone company indicating his choice of provider. With this provider, the prefixes and dialing procedures for non-local calls are the ones currently in use. The default regulation in Moscow is Hot-Choice (not available yet on all exchanges; regional operators apply their own regulation depending on availability). Available operators are:

The dialing pattern for Hot-Choice subscribers is different. After dialing "8", the subscriber waits for a tone and then dials the operator code (OC) either for a long distance call or an international call.

Operator Long distance call code International call code
RT 55 10
MTT 53 58
GT 51 56
TTK 52 57
Orange 54 59
Arctel 21 26
Synterra 22 27
Comstar 23 28

Dialing pattern

Note: the tone signal after dialing "8" is compulsory on old analog (with pulse mode dialing) exchanges and optional on digital (tone mode dialing) exchanges.

Calls within a city or region

xxx-xx-xx (exception: Moscow—see below), e.g.:

  • 3-45-67
  • 22-33-44
  • 234-56-78

Local phone numbers in Russia may be made up of five (x-xx-xx), six (xx-xx-xx), or seven (xxx-xx-xx) digits.

Moscow City has two area codes assigned: 495 and 499.

  • when calling from 495 and 499 to 499: 8.499.xxx-xx-xx
  • when calling from 499 and 495 to 495: 8.495.xxx-xx-xx

Calls between these two codes are local calls and are not charged at long distance rates.

Calls between cities/regions within Russia

Pre-Selected Operator: 8-tone-ABC xxx-xx-xx (where ABC is the area code)

  • e.g. 8.812.234-56-78 (to St. Petersburg)

Hot-Choice Operator selection: 8-tone-OC ABC xxx-xx-xx (where OC is the Operator Code and ABC is the area code)

  • e.g. 8.53.812.234-56-78 (to St. Petersburg via MTT)

International calls from Russia

Pre-Selected Operator: 8-tone-10 International number

  • e.g. 8.10.44 20 7946-0123 (to London/UK)

Hot-Choice Operator selection: 8-tone-OC International number where OC is the Operator Code

  • e.g. 8.58.44 20 7946-0123 (to London/UK via MTT)

Calls from outside Russia

+7 ABC xxx-xx-xx
where ABC is the area code

Area codes

First digit of code Routed to
0 Not used (long distance and international prefix)
1 Not used (for special services)
2 Reserved (for common usage with Kazakhstan)[citation needed]
3 Geographic codes
4 Geographic codes
5 Reserved
6 Used for numbers in Kazakhstan[16]
7 Used for numbers in Kazakhstan[16]
8 Geographic codes, Toll-Free, and Pay-Line (for common usage with Kazakhstan and Abkhazia)
9 Mobile, GSM, & Pay-Line (code 940 is for Abkhazia mobiles)

List of area codes in Russia

The dialing code 495 was introduced on 1 December 2005 to replace 095, in order to make it possible to adopt the ITU convention of 0 and 00 dialing prefixes for local and international dialing respectively. The old '095' dialing code, along with 19 other Russian area codes starting with '0', expired on 31 January 2006.[17]

Region Area code Old code (inactive)
Republic of Adygea 877
Altai Krai 385
Altai Republic 388
Amur Oblast 416
Arkhangelsk Oblast and Nenets Autonomous Okrug 818
Astrakhan Oblast 851
Belgorod Oblast 472 072
Bryansk Oblast 483 083
Republic of Buryatia 301
Republic of Crimea 365[nb 2] +380 65
Vladimir Oblast 492 092
Volgograd Oblast 844
Vologda Oblast 817, 820
Voronezh Oblast 473 073
Republic of Dagestan 872
Jewish Autonomous Oblast 426
Sverdlovsk Oblast 343
Ivanovo Oblast 493 093
Republic of Ingushetia 873
Irkutsk Oblast 395
Republic of Kabardino-Balkaria 866
Kaliningrad Oblast 401 011
Republic of Kalmykia 847
Kaluga Oblast 484 084
Kamchatka Krai 415
Republic of Karachay–Cherkessia 878
Republic of Karelia 814
Kemerovo Oblast 384
Kirov Oblast 833
Komi Republic 821
Kostroma Oblast 494 094
Krasnodar Krai 861, 862
Krasnoyarsk Krai 391
Kurgan Oblast 352
Kursk Oblast 471 071
Leningrad Oblast 813
Lipetsk Oblast 474 074
Magadan Oblast 413
Republic of Mari El 836
Republic of Mordovia 834
Moscow City 495, 499 095
Moscow Oblast 496, 498 096
Murmansk Oblast 815
Nizhny Novgorod Oblast 831
Novgorod Oblast 816
Novosibirsk Oblast 383
Omsk Oblast 381
Orenburg Oblast 353
Oryol Oblast 486 086
Penza Oblast 841
Perm Krai 342
Primorsky Krai 423
Pskov Oblast 811
Rostov Oblast 863
Ryazan Oblast 491 091
Samara Oblast 846, 848
Saint Petersburg 812
Saratov Oblast 845
Sakhalin Oblast 424
Republic of North Ossetia–Alania 867
City of Sevastopol 869 +380 69
Smolensk Oblast 481 081
Stavropol Krai 865, 879
Tambov Oblast 475 075
Republic of Tatarstan 843, 855
Tver Oblast 482 082
Tomsk Oblast 382
Tula Oblast 487 087
Republic of Tyva (Tuva) 394
Tyumen Oblast 345
Republic of Udmurtia 341
Ulyanovsk Oblast 842
Republic of Bashkortostan 347
Khabarovsk Krai 421
Republic of Khakassia 390
Khanty–Mansi Autonomous Okrug 346
Chelyabinsk Oblast 351
Republic of Chechnya 871
Zabaykalsky Krai 302
Republic of Chuvashia 835
Chukotka Autonomous Okrug 427
Sakha Republic (Yakutia) 411
Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug 349
Yaroslavl Oblast 485 085

Toll-free & pay-line codes

Code Service
800 FPH: Freephone
801 AAB: Automatic alternative billing
802 CCC: Credit card calling
803 VOT: Televoting
804 UAN: Universal access number
805 PCC: Prepaid card calling
806 ACC: Account card calling
807 VPN: Virtual private network
808 UPT: Universal personal Telecommunication
809 PRM: Premium rate
881–899 Reserved
970 Data transfer services
971 Telematic services

Special numbers (emergencies)

Number Service Old (active)
101 Fire brigade 01
102 Police 02
103 Ambulance 03
104 Gas service 04
112 General emergency
107 Directory assistance, Rostelecom
109 Directory assistance (free, limited info)
009 Directory assistance (pay service, 35 rubles/min.) in Moscow
100 Talking clock in Moscow
115 Information on electronic government services[18]

In a press conference on December 2013 Minister of Emergency Situations Vladimir Puchkov said that the unified system runs in a full pilot mode from 2014 and will fully enter to operational mode in 2016.[19]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ The status of the Crimea and of the city of Sevastopol is currently under dispute between Russia and Ukraine; Ukraine and the majority of the international community consider the Crimea to be an autonomous republic of Ukraine and Sevastopol to be one of Ukraine's cities with special status, while Russia, on the other hand, considers the Crimea to be a federal subject of Russia and Sevastopol to be one of Russia's three federal cities.[2][3]
  2. ^ Since 7 May 2015.[4]

References

  1. ^ Abkhazia remains available by Georgian phone codes, today.az, 2010-01-06, retrieved 2010-01-20
  2. ^ Steve Gutterman; Pavel Polityuk (March 18, 2014). "Putin signs Crimea treaty, will not seize other Ukraine regions". Reuters. Archived from the original on July 9, 2014. Retrieved June 4, 2014. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  3. ^ "Ukraine crisis timeline". BBC News. November 13, 2014. Archived from the original on June 4, 2014. Retrieved June 4, 2014. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  4. ^ a b Crimea switches to Russian telephone codes, Interfax-Ukraine (7 May 2015)
  5. ^ К 2010 г. Россия дойдет до нулей
  6. ^ Выход по телефону на межгород через "8" сохранится до конца 2012 г.
  7. ^ Russian numbering plan (in Russian), approved on 17 November 2006
  8. ^ Rostelekom
  9. ^ Mezhregionalnyi TranzitTelekom
  10. ^ Golden Telecom
  11. ^ TransTelekom
  12. ^ Orange
  13. ^ Comstar
  14. ^ Arctel
  15. ^ Synterra
  16. ^ a b International Telecom Union - Kazakhstan - Administration of the Republic of Kazakhstan (PDF), 2012-11-13, retrieved 2014-06-12
  17. ^ http://lenta.ru/news/2005/12/01/codes/
  18. ^ Russia offers e-govt line over mobile networks
  19. ^ "Система единого вызова экстренных служб "112" полностью заработает в России в 2016 году — Пучков". Tass Telecom. Retrieved 27 December 2013.