Jump to content

The Avengers (2012 film)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is an old revision of this page, as edited by Boycool42 (talk | contribs) at 02:55, 9 April 2011 (Undid revision 423058659 by 66.215.211.85 (talk) The release date is already included in the paragraph.). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.

The Avengers
File:The Avengers 2012 logo.jpg
The Avengers' film logo
Directed byJoss Whedon
Screenplay byJoss Whedon
Zak Penn
Produced byKevin Feige
StarringRobert Downey, Jr.
Mark Ruffalo
Chris Hemsworth
Chris Evans
Production
company
Distributed byWalt Disney Pictures
Release date
  • May 4, 2012 (2012-05-04)
CountryTemplate:Film US
LanguageEnglish

The Avengers is an upcoming American superhero film produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Pictures.[1] It was announced in April 2005 and is based upon the Marvel Comics superhero team of the same name. The film is part of the Marvel Cinematic Universe which crosses over several Marvel superhero films including Iron Man (2008), The Incredible Hulk (2008), Iron Man 2 (2010), Thor (2011) and Captain America: The First Avenger (2011). Robert Downey, Jr., Mark Ruffalo, Chris Hemsworth and Chris Evans star, with Joss Whedon directing from a script written by Zak Penn and Whedon himself. The Avengers is scheduled to be released on May 4, 2012 in 3-D.[2][3]

Cast

  • Robert Downey, Jr. as Tony Stark / Iron Man: A billionaire industrialist who seeks to pacify the world with a mechanical suit of armor of his own invention. Downey Jr. was cast as part of his four-picture deal with Marvel Studios, which includes Iron Man 2 and The Avengers.[4]
  • Mark Ruffalo as Bruce Banner / the Hulk: A genius scientist who, because of exposure to gamma radiation, transforms into a monster when enraged or excited. Ruffalo was cast after negotiations between Marvel and Edward Norton broke down.[5] About replacing Edward Norton, Ruffalo stated, "I'm a friend of Ed's, and yeah, that wasn't a great way for all that to go down. But the way I see it is that Ed has bequeathed this part to me. I look at it as my generation's Hamlet". About the character he stated, "He's a guy struggling with two sides of himself — the dark and the light — and everything he does in his life is filtered through issues of control. I grew up on the Bill Bixby TV series, which I thought was a really nuanced and real human way to look at The Hulk. I like that the part has those qualities".[6] Ruffalo also told New York magazine that unlike previous incarnations he will actually play the Hulk, "I'm really excited. No one's ever played the Hulk exactly, they've always done CGI. They're going to do the Avatar stop-action, stop-motion capture. So I'll actually play the Hulk. That'll be fun".[7] About his preparation for the role Ruffalo joked, "I've lost 15 pounds and I've put another five on of just strapping, pure USDA beef... They want me mean and lean, but they don't want me big and buff".[8]
Cast of The Avengers at the 2010 San Diego Comic-Con International, with Joss Whedon and Kevin Feige.
  • Chris Hemsworth as Thor: The Asgardian god of thunder. Hemsworth was cast as part of a multiple movie deal.[11] He had previously worked with Joss Whedon on The Cabin in the Woods.[12] Hemsworth stated that he was able to maintain the strength he built up for Thor by increasing his food intake, consisting of a number of chicken breasts, fish, steak and eggs a day. When asked exactly how much, Hemsworth joked, "My body weight in protein pretty much!"[13]
  • Chris Evans as Steve Rogers / Captain America: A World War II veteran who was enhanced to the peak of human perfection by an experimental serum. Evans was cast as part of a deal to star in three Marvel films, in addition to The Avengers.[14]
  • Samuel L. Jackson as Nick Fury: The director of the super-spy agency, S.H.I.E.L.D. Jackson was brought to the project with a deal containing an option to play the character in up to nine future Marvel superhero films, which efforts are expected to include Thor, Captain America: The First Avenger, The Avengers and The Shield as well as potential sequels.[15]
  • Scarlett Johansson as Natasha Romanoff: A highly-trained spy working for S.H.I.E.L.D.[16] Whedon confirmed that Johansson's Romanoff would be the only female member of the Avengers, but not the only female character in the film.[17]
  • Jeremy Renner as Clint Barton / Hawkeye: A master archer known as “the World’s Greatest Marksman”.[18] Renner stated that it will be a very physical role and will be training physically and practicing archery as much as possible in preparation.[19]
  • Cobie Smulders as Maria Hill: A S.H.I.E.L.D. agent who works closely with Jackson's Nick Fury.[20] Smulders, whom Joss Whedon once considered for his unproduced live-action Wonder Woman film, was selected from a short list of potential actresses including Morena Baccarin. Smulder's deal would integrate her into nine films.[21][22] On her costume, Smulders stated that she had tried on portions of a catsuit and seen conceptual drawings. She went on to say that "[i]t's fascinating to me. I feel like wardrobe becomes very creative on these types of movies because they literally spend weeks designing just the pants or the emblem. It's such an all-consuming process, so I'm excited to see how it all turns out."[20]

Clark Gregg, Tom Hiddleston and Stellan Skarsgård are scheduled to reprise their roles from previous films as Phil Coulson, Loki and Erik Selvig, respectively.[11][23][24]

Production

Development

Marvel Studios chair-CEO Avi Arad first announced plans to develop an Avengers film in April 2005 after Marvel Enterprises declared independence by pacting with Merrill Lynch to produce a slate of films that will be distributed by Paramount Pictures.[25] In September 2006 Marvel confirmed their crossover plans in a brief presentation to Wall Street analysts. The studio's plan was to release individual films for the main characters, to establish their identities and familiarize audiences with them, before merging the characters together in an Avengers movie.[26] Marvel Studios announced in July 2007 that screen writer Zak Penn who wrote The Incredible Hulk had been hired to write the film and will be titled, The Avengers.[27] Penn confirmed his involvement but said he did not believe work would begin soon.[28]

In January 2008, Marvel struck a deal with the striking Writers Guild of America so that the company could go back to work on films based on its comic book characters, including Captain America, Ant-Man and The Avengers.[29] After the successful release of Iron Man in May, Marvel announced that The Avengers is scheduled for release in July 2011.[30] In September Paramount signed an agreement with Marvel Studios that locks Paramount in as the worldwide distributor of Marvel's next five self-produced feature films. The partnership extended a 2005 agreement that saw Paramount agreeing to distribute as many as 10 Marvel films.[31] In October it was announced that Robert Downey, Jr. and Don Cheadle would reprise their Iron Man 2 roles as Iron Man and War Machine respectively in The Avengers. It was also announced that Jon Favreau will executive produce the film.[4] Also in October, Marvel Studios signed a long-term lease with Raleigh Studios to film four big-budget movies at Raleigh's Manhattan Beach, California complex. The films are Iron Man 2, Thor, Captain America: The First Avenger and The Avengers.[32] Lou Ferrigno, who voiced Hulk in 2008's The Incredible Hulk, stated that he would be involved in the film.[9]

In February 2009, it was reported that Samuel L. Jackson had made a deal with Marvel Entertainment to play the role of Nick Fury in The Avengers, and potentially many other films.[15] In March it was reported that Scarlett Johansson had replaced Emily Blunt in Iron Man 2, a deal that also tied her to The Avengers.[16] The following day Marvel announced that the release date for The Avengers had been pushed back to May 4, 2012, almost a full year later.[33] In June, Marvel's president of production Kevin Feige confirmed that Chris Hemsworth and Tom Hiddleston would reprise their roles as Thor and Loki, respectively, in The Avengers.[11]

In July screenwriter Zak Penn talked about the crossover process, stating, "My job is to kind of shuttle between the different movies and make sure that finally we’re mimicking that comic book structure where all of these movies are connected... There's just a board that tracks 'Here’s where everything that happens in this movie overlaps with that movie'... I'm pushing them to do as many animatics as possible to animate the movie, to draw boards so that we’re all working off the same visual ideas. But the exigencies of production take first priority".[34] The following month, Marvel Studios chief Kevin Fiege stated he would introduce more characters into The Avengers and that the Hulk would factor in the film.[35] In September, Edward Norton stated that he was open to returning as The Hulk for The Avengers.[36] The next month, executive producer Jon Favreau stated that he would not direct the film but will "...definitely have input and a say". Favreau also expressed concerns stating, "It's going to be hard, because I was so involved in creating the world of Iron Man and Iron Man is very much a tech-based hero, and then with 'Avengers' you're going to be introducing some supernatural aspects because of Thor. ... [Mixing] the two of those works very well in the comic books, but it's going to take a lot of thoughtfulness to make that all work and not blow the reality that we've created".[37]

In January 2010, Kevin Feige was asked if it will be difficult to meld the fantasy of Thor with the high-tech science fiction in Iron Man and The Avengers. "No," he said, "because we're doing the Jack Kirby/Stan Lee/Walt Simonson/J. Michael Straczynski 'Thor.' We're not doing the blow-the-dust-off-of-the-old-Norse-book-in-your-library 'Thor.' And in the 'Thor' of the Marvel Universe, there's a race called the Asgardians. And we're linked through this Tree of Life that we're unaware of. It's real science, but we don't know about it yet. The 'Thor' movie is about teaching people that".[38] In March it was reported that Zak Penn had completed the first draft of the script, and that Marvel editor-in-chief Joe Quesada and Avengers comic-book writer Brian Michael Bendis had received copies.[39] Also in March it was reported that Chris Evans would reprise the role of Captain America in The Avengers.[14] On April 1, 2010, it was reported that Joss Whedon was a leading contender in line to direct The Avengers leading to speculation that it was an April Fools' Day joke.[40] However, later that month, Variety reported that Whedon was close to completing a deal to direct the film, and to rework Penn's script.[2]

Pre-production

Director Joss Whedon at the 2010 San Diego Comic-Con International.

At the 2010 Wizard World convention Avengers creator Stan Lee and Marvel Studios CEO Avi Arad confirmed Joss Whedon's involvement.[41] Arad praised the decision by stating, "My personal opinion is that Joss will do a fantastic job. He loves these characters and is a fantastic writer... It's part of his life so you know he is going to protect it... I expect someone like him is going to make the script even better".[42]

In June 2010, it was reported that Jeremy Renner was in final negotiations to play Hawkeye in the film.[18]

In July 2010, HitFix reported that Edward Norton is not returning as Bruce Banner in the film and the studio will cast an unknown to play Bruce Banner.[43] The next day Kevin Feige confirmed the report stating, "We have made the decision to not bring Ed Norton back to portray the title role of Bruce Banner in The Avengers. Our decision is definitely not one based on monetary factors, but instead rooted in the need for an actor who embodies the creativity and collaborative spirit of our other talented cast members. The Avengers demands players who thrive working as part of an ensemble, as evidenced by Robert, Chris H, Chris E, Sam, Scarlett, and all of our talented casts. We are looking to announce a name actor who fulfills these requirements, and is passionate about the iconic role in the coming weeks."[44] In response Norton's agent Brian Swardstrom called Feige's statement "purposefully misleading" and an "inappropriate attempt to paint our client in a negative light".[45]

Joss Whedon announced at the 2010 San Diego Comic-Con International that he is directing The Avengers. Whedon mentioned that he was a fan of the early Avengers comics while growing up.[46] He also said he is still writing an outline for the film and that what drew him to the movie is that he loves how "these people shouldn't be in the same room let alone on the same team — and that is the definition of family".[47] Whedon also confirmed that Jeremy Renner would play Hawkeye.[48] It was reported during the convention that Mark Ruffalo would replace Edward Norton as Bruce Banner in a deal reached by Ruffalo's agency with Marvel.[5] During the Marvel Studios panel, it was announced Clark Gregg would reprise his role as S.H.I.E.L.D. Agent Phil Coulson.[23]

In August 2010, it was reported that Paramount Pictures and Marvel Studios are planning to start shooting in February.[49] It was also reported that the film will be shot in 3-D.[3]

In October 2010, it was reported that Marvel Studios will shoot The Avengers at Grumman Studios in Bethpage, New York,[50] and at Steiner Studios in Brooklyn, New York City.[51] Set construction is slated to begin in November and Grumman Studios President Parviz Farahzad said the production is expected to use the facility for months.[50] Also in October, The Walt Disney Company agreed to pay Paramount at least $115 million for the worldwide distribution rights to Iron Man 3 and The Avengers.[52]

In December 2010, New Mexico Governor Bill Richardson and Marvel Studios Co-President Louis D'Esposito announced that The Avengers will film primarily in Albuquerque, New Mexico, with principal photography scheduled for April through September 2011. Parts of the film will also be shot in New York and Michigan.[53]

Don Cheadle revealed in a January 2011 interview that he will not be appearing in The Avengers despite previous reports.[54]

In February 2011, Marvel began conducting screen tests for the role of a key member of S.H.I.E.L.D. who Samuel L. Jackson described as Nick Fury's sidekick.[21] Four days later it was reported that Cobie Smulders was wrapping up a deal for the role.[22] Also in February it was reported that The Avengers will not be filming in Detroit, Michigan. The decision came after Governor Rick Snyder's budget proposal that would eliminate the current film tax incentive and instead call for $25 million in each of the next two years for future movie projects.[55]

In March 2011, Stellan Skarsgård confirmed to TT Spektra that he will play the same role as in Thor: Doctor Selvig.[24] Also in March, Ohio Governor John Kasich announced before Mayor Frank G. Jackson's State of the City address that The Avengers will film in Cleveland.[56]

Filming

According to Marvel Studios' chief creative officer Joe Quesada, the film has begun shooting as of March 2011.[57]

Marketing

A teaser narrated by Samuel L. Jackson was shown at the 2010 San Diego Comic-Con International followed by an introduction of the cast.[23]

References

  1. ^ "Samuel L. Jackson Announces 'Avengers' Cast". Associated Press via NPR.org. July 25, 2010. Retrieved 2 August 2010.
  2. ^ a b Graser, Marc (2010-04-13). "Whedon to head 'Avengers'". Variety. Retrieved 2010-04-14. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  3. ^ a b Friedman, Roger (2010-08-10). "Joss Marvel Movie "The Avengers" Will Be in…3 D!". Showbiz 411. Retrieved 2010-08-10.
  4. ^ a b "Downey Jr., Favreau & Cheadle Suit Up for The Avengers". Superhero Hype!. 2008-10-28. Retrieved 2010-04-14.
  5. ^ a b Finke, Nikki (July 23, 2010). "TOLDJA! Marvel & Ruffalo Reach Hulk Deal". Deadline.com. Retrieved July 23, 2010.
  6. ^ Jensen, Jeff (July 29, 2010). "'Avengers': New Hulk Mark Ruffalo on replacing Edward Norton, plus Oscar buzz for 'The Kids Are All Right'". Entertainment Weekly. EW.com. Retrieved 2 August 2010.
  7. ^ Vilensky, Mike (2010-09-24). "Mark Ruffalo on 'Actually' Playing the Hulk in The Avengers". New York. Retrieved 2010-09-25.
  8. ^ Malkin, Brett; Malec (2011-03-03). "Mark Ruffalo "Getting Hard" for the Hulk". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved 2011-03-07.
  9. ^ a b YouTube (2008-12-16). "Nuke The Fridge Interviews Lou Ferrigno". YouTube. Retrieved 2009-05-16.
  10. ^ Ron Messer (2010-10-10). "NY Comic Con: Lou Ferrigno Interview – Opens Up About THE AVENGERS, Mark Ruffalo as The Hulk, and CHUCK". Collider. Retrieved 2010-10-10.
  11. ^ a b c Bellington, Alex (2009-06-07). "Profile on Marvel Studios with Big Updates from Kevin Feige". First Showing. Retrieved 2010-04-14. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  12. ^ Brian Warmoth (2010-07-26). "Comic-Con: Chris Hemsworth Shares Joss Whedon's Fascination With Avengers Drama". MTV News. Retrieved 2010-07-26.
  13. ^ Malkin, Marc and Malec, Brett (2010-12-17). "Avengers Flick Update: Where's the Script?". E!. Retrieved 2011-01-05.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  14. ^ a b Graser, Marc (2010-03-22). "Chris Evans to play 'Captain America'". Variety. Retrieved 2010-04-14. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  15. ^ a b Flemming, Micheal (2009-02-25). "Samuel Jackson joins 'Iron' cast". Variety. Retrieved 2010-04-14. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  16. ^ a b Finke, Nikki (2009-03-11). "Another 'Iron Man 2' Deal: Scarlett Johansson To Replace Emily Blunt As Black Widow For Lousy Lowball Money". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved 2010-04-14. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  17. ^ "Whedon : Black Widow won't be the only female character in Avengers". Moviehole. 2010-08-22. Retrieved 2011-03-25.
  18. ^ a b Kit, Borys and Zorianna Kit (2010-06-03). "Jeremy Jeremy Renner near deal to join Marvel's 'Avengers'". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved 2010-06-11. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  19. ^ Farley, Christopher John (2010-09-17). "Jeremy Renner on 'The Town,' 'The Avengers' and the New 'Mission: Impossible'". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 2010-09-18.
  20. ^ a b O'Connell, Mikey (2011-03-25). "'Avengers' star Cobie Smulders on spending her hiatus in a catsuit". Zap2It. Retrieved 2011-03-25.
  21. ^ a b Kit, Borys (2011-02-03). "'V' Star Morena Baccarin Among Actresses on 'Avengers' Shortlist (Exclusive)". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on 2011-02-03. Retrieved 2011-02-03.
  22. ^ a b Graser, Marc (2011-02-07). "Cobie Smulders joins 'Avengers' cast". Variety. Retrieved 2011-02-07.
  23. ^ a b c "MARVEL-OUS STAR WATTAGE: Actors Assemble For Comic-Con Panel Including 'The Avengers', 'Captain America', & 'Thor'". Deadline.com. July 24, 2010. Retrieved July 25, 2010.
  24. ^ a b "Stellan Skarsgård klar för ny superhjältefilm". Expressen. 2011-03-03. Retrieved 2011-03-03.
  25. ^ McClintock, Pamela (2005-04-28). "Marvel touts Par's hero worship". Variety. Retrieved 2010-04-14. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  26. ^ "Marvel Avengers Update". Cinematical. 2006-09-14. Retrieved 2 August 2010. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |work= (help)
  27. ^ Joshua S. Hill (2007-06-14). "Avengers Assemble". Comic Book Movie. Retrieved 2010-04-14. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  28. ^ Davis, Erik (2007-05-04). "Tribeca Interview: 'The Grand' Director Zak Penn". Cinematical. Retrieved 2010-04-14. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  29. ^ White, Michael, and Andy Fixmer (2008-01-25). "Lions Gate, Marvel Reach Accords With Striking Film, TV Writers". Bloomberg. Retrieved 2010-04-14. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  30. ^ "Marvel Studios Sets Four More Release Dates!". Superhero Hype!. 2008-05-05. Retrieved 2010-04-14.
  31. ^ Fernandez, Jay A. (2008-09-28). "Paramount, Marvel ink new distrib deal". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved 2010-04-14. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help) [dead link]
  32. ^ Kit, Borys (2008-10-06). "Marvel signs long-term lease with Raleigh". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved 2010-04-14. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help) [dead link]
  33. ^ Jessica Barnes (2009-03-12). "New Dates for Thor, Captain America, and The Avengers". Cinematical. Retrieved 2010-04-14. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  34. ^ Topel, Fred (2009-07-08). "Avengers movie update with Zak Penn". Crave Online. Retrieved 2010-04-14. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  35. ^ Fred Topel (2009-08-18). "Kevin Fiege talks about Marvels movie line up". Crave Online. Retrieved 2010-04-14.
  36. ^ Ditzian, Eric (2009-09-24). "Edward Norton Open To Returning As The Hulk For 'Avengers' Movie". MTV News. Retrieved 2010-04-14. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  37. ^ Rick Marshall (2009-10-14). "EXCLUSIVE: Jon Favreau Won't Direct 'Avengers,' Explains 'Iron Man 2' Tie-In Process". MTV News. Retrieved 2010-04-14. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  38. ^ "Kevin Feige on Upcoming Marvel Studios Films". Superhero Hype!. 2010-01-26. Retrieved 2010-04-14.
  39. ^ Marnell, Blair (2010-03-03). "First Draft Of 'Avengers' Script Completed". MTV News. Retrieved 2010-04-14. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  40. ^ "IESB Exclusive: Leading Contender in Line to Direct 'The Avengers'... !!!NOT AN APRIL FOOLS JOKE!!!". IESB. 2010-04-01. Retrieved 2010-04-14.
  41. ^ Warner, Kara (July 30, 2010). "Joss Whedon Is The 'Right Thing' For 'Avengers,' Marvel Boss Says". MTV News. Retrieved 2 August 2010.
  42. ^ Lesnick, Silas (2010-04-17). "Stan Lee and Avi Arad on Marvel Movies". Superhero Hype!. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  43. ^ McWeeny, Drew (2010-07-09). "EXCLUSIVE: Edward Norton is not the Hulk in 'The Avengers'... but he'd like to be". HitFix. Retrieved 2010-07-09.
  44. ^ McWeeny, Drew (2010-07-10). "EXCLUSIVE: Marvel confirms they will hire new 'Hulk' for 'The Avengers'". HitFix. Retrieved 2010-07-10.
  45. ^ Ellwod, Gary, and Drew McWeeny (2010-07-11). "Exclusive: Edward Norton's agent responds to Marvel Chief's statement". HitFix. Retrieved 2010-07-12.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  46. ^ Hardawar, Devindra (2010-07-22). "Joss Whedon Officially Directing The Avengers". /Film. Retrieved 2010-07-23. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  47. ^ Downey, Ryan J. (2010-07-22). "Comic-Con: Joss Whedon Talks 'Avengers' At EW Visionaries Panel". MTV News. Retrieved 2010-07-23. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  48. ^ Corinne Heller (July 23, 2010). "Joss Whedon talks 'The Avengers': Jeremy Renner also confirmed as 'Hawkeye' (Exclusive)". OnTheRedCarpet.com. Retrieved July 24, 2010.
  49. ^ "The Avengers to Start Filming in February". Superhero Hype!. 2010-08-10. Retrieved 2010-08-10.
  50. ^ a b Solnik, Claude. Cached version of "The Avengers Landing at Grumman", Long Island Business News, October 7, 2010. Original story, requiring subscription. accessdate=2010-10-08
  51. ^ Lovece, Frank. "Marvel's 'Avengers' being shot at Grumman Studios"Newsday, October 20, 2010, p. A13 of print edition. WebCitation archive.
  52. ^ McClintock, Pamela (2010-10-18). "Disney, Paramount restructure Marvel deal". Variety. Retrieved 2010-10-18.
  53. ^ "Governor Bill Richardson and Marvel Studios Announce Largest Movie Production in New Mexico History". Film New Mexico. Retrieved 2010-12-23.
  54. ^ Marshall, Rick (2011-01-21). "Don Cheadle Says 'War Machine' Movie Has A Writer, Won't Show Up In 'Avengers'". MTV News. Retrieved 2011-01-21.
  55. ^ Hammerstein, B.J. and Hinds, Julie (2011-02-21). "Film producers not waiting to see how governor cuts tax incentives". Detroit Free Press. Retrieved 2011-02-21.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  56. ^ Sangiacomo, Michael (2011-03-03). "Upcoming 'Avengers' movie will be filmed in Cleveland". Cleveland.com. Retrieved 2011-03-03.
  57. ^ "QUESADA Talks CAP, THOR & AVENGERS MOVIES". Newsarama. 2011-03-24. Retrieved 2011-03-25.