Wikipedia:WikiProject Video games/Sources
This is an essay on article content. It contains the advice and/or opinions of one or more WikiProjects on how the content policies may be interpreted within their area of interest. This information is not a formal Wikipedia policy or guideline, as it has not been thoroughly vetted by the community. |
Articles related to video games need reliable sources like any other Wikipedia article—content must be verifiable. Due to the nature of video game journalism, however, editors writing articles within the scope of this project may encounter problems finding or citing sources. This guideline aims to discuss some of the most common problem areas. None of the following directions apply in every single instance so always use reason and common sense when citing sources.
Because the fields of video game journalism, research, criticism, and commentary are relatively new compared to similar coverage of traditional media, traditional means of sourcing can be somewhat rare. In addition, the simultaneous development and expansion of Internet-based sources alongside the modern video-game scene has led to a much higher degree of exclusive online coverage than is the case with other media. These factors make the determination of reliable video-game sources a complex issue. To address this problem, this guideline provides a few general rules of thumb and presents the current consensus regarding the reliability and usability of specific video game-related sources. Any questions regarding specific sources not covered in this guideline may be directed to the talk page. Remember to search the talk page archives before starting a new topic.
Locating reliable sources
- The Internet. One of the first places that many editors look for video game sources is the internet. After using one of several search engines to locate information on a subject, the search results must be scrutinized for reliability. A list of sources that have been identified by the WP:VG community as reliable appears lower in this page at the Sources list. This list is neither complete nor can it be used as definitive proof regarding a listed source's reliability determination, but it provides a good rough guide on which to base the scrutiny of sources for reliability.
- Custom Google search engine. Tools are available to filter search results to target reliable sources. Editors can use Reliable Sources for Video Games (list), a custom Google search engine focusing on the below-listed reliable sites and filtering out many bad or non-RS sites. A second custom Google search engine, Situational Sources for Video Games, is also available to search for reliable sources on a topic. There is no guarantee a specific source is reliable even if it is listed in the search engine. Forum posts, for example, are usually non-reliable. Also, be sure to take note of the conditions and limitations required for proper use of all sources (as listed in the tables below) before relying on them. The template {{find video game sources}} also includes a link to these custom search engines.
- The WP:VG Reference Library. The WP:VG reference library can provide access to print-based video game reference material and include indices of covered video games. Editors listed as contacts at the Reference Library have volunteered to make information from these magazines available on request, which can be used to reference claims in articles as well as to verify references and to establish notability.
- The Wikipedia Library provides a similar function.
Promote broad coverage and reduce POV
For many of the articles under the aegis of WP:VG, sources are plentiful and easily located. Because not every source needs to be cited, editorial discretion will play a part in the exclusion of redundant and unnecessary sources. A few of the more important considerations when reviewing sources for inclusion are listed here.
- Negative as well as positive reviews - It is exceptionally rare for a video game to receive universal critical praise or condemnation. For this reason, reasonable efforts should be made to reduce undue bias by presenting both perspectives on the game. For the few cases where reception is universally slanted in one direction (either positive or negative), remember that exceptional claims require exceptional sourcing.
- Contemporary as well as modern coverage - As a general rule, reviewers of video games are inextricably tied to their temporal vantage point and because advancements in video game technology increase by leaps and bounds every few years, it is unfair to review a game in light of the game scene 20 years later. Likewise, hindsight can lead to revisionist reviews and nostalgia may lead to unduly positive scores. An effort should be made to include contemporary coverage of games if available in order to maintain a neutral point of view untainted by modern perceptions.
- Domestic as well as foreign coverage - Because video games are cultural artifacts, when a game comes from X country, then reviews from X country can provide cultural insight that might escape foreign reviewers. Relatedly, when a game depicts Y country or aspects of it, then reviews from Y country can provide reliable, detailed, and direct reaction to the depiction. At the same time, however, when a game comes from Z country, reviews from X and Y countries will help to reduce POV and to provide an international response thereby eliminating systemic cultural biases.
- Metareviews as well as individual reviews - Although metareviews tend to provide an average and roughly neutral review for games, the specific views of influential and/or well-respected individual reviewers may be of equal importance and should be presented with proper attribution despite the probability of containing a POV-heavy review. Care must be taken to avoid skewing the apparent reception by presenting disproportionate numbers of positive or negative individual reviews.
- Reviews for multiple different platforms - When video games are released on more than one platform, reviews of all different versions allow readers to gain an insight on the differing perceptions of the game within different gaming subcultures. When games are rereleased or remade for later systems, reviews of all different versions allow readers to grasp the degree to which later ports and remakes were successful in evoking the original. Efforts to report reception in a due manner can often be enhanced by using a prose format to explain why scores on one platform are lower than those of another.
The above considerations should also be taken when seeking out sources to add content such as reception sections to video game articles.
Print sources
Print sources can improve coverage dramatically, but are often difficult to locate for video game topics—especially true when searching for sources covering the pre-Internet period (generally prior to 2000) before online sources became as established and reliable as they are in some cases today. Although it is incorrect to uncritically assume reliability for a source simply because it exists or existed in printed form, print sources cost money to produce and are therefore likely to make more of an effort at quality and accuracy than most low-cost fan sites. As the length of time a print source remains in continuous publication increases, the source gains in reputation, goodwill, and brand strength, which tends to indicate that longer-lasting and more-established print sources are more likely to be accurate than brief fly-by-night operations. Internationally registered periodicals (as identified by an ISSN number) are generally preferred over unregistered journals.
While there is no proscription against hard-to-access sources, the fact that print sources are more difficult to verify means that it is often a good idea to include additional web-based reliable sourcing if it is available. Editors adding print-based references should also make an effort to substantiate or at least double-check their claims if they are challenged.
Fansites
Many video games have sites devoted to them that are not affiliated with the developers or publishers. These fansites enable fans to read about and discuss the game. When checked against Wikipedia guidelines such as Wikipedia:Reliable sources#What is a reliable source?, these fansites usually do not qualify as a reliable source. They frequently have little or no editorial oversight, and may be self-published (i.e., the person hosting the website is also the one writing its content). Fact-checking is often of lesser importance than publishing the latest rumours. Quoting the rule of thumb: "...the greater the degree of scrutiny involved in checking facts, analyzing legal issues, and scrutinizing the evidence and arguments of a particular work, the more reliable it is."
Some fansites provide forum excerpts by developers from the game's forums. Favour citing the forum post itself over the fansite's article and commentary about it. When citing a forum post on a fansite's own forum, special scrutiny is advised. Make it clear that it is the post that is cited, not the thread or forum in general. Consider forum posts like journal articles, except that in this case the "journal" is unreliable (see WP:SPS), but the "article" may be, because of its author. Use real names over forum nicknames where the real name is available. An example from Supreme Commander:
Ables, Jeremy (2007-07-30). "Patch notes build 3260". Gas Powered Games. Retrieved 2007-08-06.
Tools: {{cite web}} and {{citation}}
Video games
In articles about video games, citing the game itself is often attractive. Wikipedia favours secondary sources, and the use of primary sources should be minimised. Games are primary sources in articles about themselves. Whether it is good to use them as a source varies by perspective, subject and game. For a reader, it is usually very hard to use a video game to check facts. Provide transcripts wherever possible, and enable readers to check the facts themselves by noting which area, level or episode is cited. Using the later levels of games with a linear level progression as sources (without transcripts) should be avoided. The same applies to bonus levels or easter eggs.
It is very hard to find proper sources for sections about the plot or setting of a video game without using the game itself. In many of these sections, the game itself is used as a source, but make sure that it is not the only source. Furthermore, the kind of statements that can be backed up with a reference to the game itself is limited. For example, it is impossible to use the game itself to back up that it "... takes place in a high fantasy setting".
Statements of a technical or critical nature should never contain references to the game itself. Technical details (like the type of texture mapping used) are impossible to discern for the layperson. Using the game itself as a source for critical content is original research. Criticism should not be the editor's own, but for example a reviewer's.
However, instruction booklets, player's guides, and other game-related publications may be cited as normal.
Tools: {{cite video game}} and {{cite video}}
Review sites
The most important sources for most video game articles are the reviews of the game itself. These reviews come mostly from reliable sources (such as the ones in the list below), but be aware of less reliable reviews. Many sites allow users to submit content, like Wikipedia itself. These reviews are often not independent, and are not reliable because they have not been checked for factual accuracy by an editor. It is also important to make a distinction between review sites, and directory listings. The latter often repeat information from press releases and the game's official website, and do not constitute a reliable source for establishing notability. Their use should be avoided in general as well.
Aggregate review sites such as Metacritic and GameRankings are generally useful to include in the critical reception portion of a video game article, as these sites provide links to numerous reviews for a game, more than can readily be included in Wikipedia. Data from these aggregate review sites should be handled carefully. There are two primary issues with these sites. Firstly, the site webmasters are free to include or ignore any review source they choose. While these sites will typically include major English gaming review sources, they can (and do) also include less reliable sites. Secondly, the sites average the scores between reviewers without regard for the differences in the rating systems used. Furthermore, video game reviews are not meant to be used in comparison with each other. A reviewer who gave two games both a score of 90% might prefer one above the other, but this does not show in the scores. Aggregated user-submitted content (e.g. "user scores" and "user polls") available on Metacritic, GameRankings, and other aggregators is not considered reliable because it is susceptible to vote-stacking and demographic skew, and because the general public has no proven expertise or credibility in the field.
Retailers
Retailers are only considered reliable sources for games that have already been released, and even then, only for information regarding release dates and the existence of games on a particular platform. However other secondary or primary sources should be used if available. Retailers posting future dates for games not yet released raise a red flag as to the legitimacy of the statement, and should not be used unless confirmed by a more reliable source.
Official information
In video gaming communities, the adjective "official" is often used to describe information released by the game developer. It denotes that the information is definitive, reliable and sometimes important. This is without regard to whether said information is deemed canonical.
Merely being "official" does not guarantee that information is usable under Wikipedia's editorial standards. Information deriving from official sources but published in generally unreliable ones such as blogs, fansites, or forum posts is likely unusable. Much of what is called official often stems from primary sources such as the game itself, which should largely not be used (see above). Additionally, not all reliably sourced official information merits inclusion, and in fact the bulk of the article may be unofficial. An example of this is the release date: when the official date is at 1998 according to accurate but unreliable (by Wikipedia policy standards) information, but a reliable source writes that it is 1999, Wikipedia should include the latter. Even if one has the knowledge of memory or the word of a trustworthy individual, original research is off-limits.
The crux is that "official" is not relevant to Wikipedia standards. In fan communities, all information released by the game developers is official and important. In a Wikipedia article, information released by game developers is no different from any other reliable source; in fact, it may be less reliable under possible interpretations of the policy regarding self-published or primary sources.
Interviews from any source are typically allowed as a "self-published source about self". As long as the interview's authenticity can be reasonably ascertained, we allow the developer's own words as a primary source when the claims are (1) not exceptional, and (2) about the team or individual making the claim. Greater claims require a secondary source with a reputation for editorial quality. Whenever possible, prefer the editorial distance of a reliable, secondary source over a primary source interview.
Sourcing style
When citing a print magazine, the name of the magazine should be written in italics. Likewise for the video games themselves. The usage of italics for an online source depends on the nature of its content, and is detailed in the Manual of Style. When citing a particular article published by a magazine or website, or when citing a chapter within a video game, the title should be surrounded by quotes. The various citation sub-templates of {{cite}} handle this sort of thing for you automatically.
Review table
A review table exists to list several game reviews in a conveniently readable format. Game publications are specified using short alphanumeric codes that make managing lists easier.
List
The following is a list of sources that have been established as reliable in the field of video gaming per past consensus. Please bring up all new additions on the talk page before posting them below. Remember to examine the limitations listed for each situational source in the tables below. "Media" refers to the publication's principal means of content delivery.
This list is not meant to be exhaustive and only covers works that regularly report on video games and the industry. Sources that otherwise are considered reliable sources in general, such as newspapers like The New York Times and The Wall Street Journal, magazines like Time and Fortune, and news networks like BBC and CNN, are also reliable for coverage of topics related video games when they do report on these topics.
Reliable sources
General gaming
Name | Media | Dates | Type | Notes and limitations | Owner | Quick links |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ars Technica | online | 1998– | news, reviews | Condé Nast | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS | |
Blue's News | online | UGO Networks | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS | |||
Edge (UK) | print, online | 1993– | features, news, reviews | Future Publishing | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS | |
Electronic Gaming Monthly (US) | print, online | 1989– | console gaming | (1989–2009) Came back in 2010 | Ziff Davis; part of 1UP.com Network (1989-2009); EGM Media, LLC (2010-) | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk |
Eurogamer | online | 1999– | features, news, reviews | Includes USGamer.net | Eurogamer Network | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS |
Game Informer | print, online | 1991– | features, news, reviews | GameStop | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS | |
Gameplanet | online | 2000– | features, news, reviews | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS | ||
Game Revolution | online | 1996– | features, news, reviews | Site has been cited by numerous scholarly works. | AtomicOnline | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS |
GamesMaster (UK, PH) | 1993– | features, news, reviews | Future Publishing | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk | ||
GameSpot | online | 1996– | news, features, reviews | Ensure that the content is staff authored, not user generated. Older reviews and reviews by freelancers may look as though they are by "members" and not "staff" - this is misleading, all their main reviews are by staff, user generated content are marked in the URL as "user-reviews". Their database is shared by GameFAQs which is unreliable. | CBS Corporation > CBS Interactive | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS |
GamesRadar | online | 2005– | features, news, reviews | As of 2015, this is Future Publishing main web portal, succeeding http://computerandvideogames.com, http://edge-online.com & http://totalxbox.com (See 1) | Future Publishing | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS |
GamesTM | 2002– | news, reviews, features | UK print magazine. DE, NL and BE versions available. | Imagine Publishing | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk | |
GameZone (US, DE) | online | 1994– | features, news, reviews | Recommended as an objective and reliable gaming site in books, and referenced for several of its articles in various books and scholarly works. (See 1) | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS | |
Gematsu | online | news | Specializes in Japanese video game news. | Independent | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS | |
Hardcore Gamer | print, online | 2005– | DoubleJump Publishing | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS | ||
Hardcore Gaming 101 | online | Video game articles | Head editor is Gamasutra author Kurt Kalata. Content written by him or writers like Retro Gamer's John Szczepaniak are reliable. Scrutiny should be considered with other authors, but all content is edited by Kalata before publishing, and should be considered acceptable. HCG101 has been cited by many other reliable sources. (See 1) | Independent | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS | |
IGN | online | 1996– | features, news, reviews | Shared database with GameSpy. Make sure news items are not user-submitted info or blog postings; blog postings from site staff are most likely acceptable. | J2 Global > Ziff Davis | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS |
Kotaku | online | 2004– | features, news, reviews, blog | News posts after 2010 are considered reliable. (See 1) Editors are cautioned of blog/geeky posts that have little news or reporting significance. (see 1) | Univision Communications Allure Media (AU) Future Publishing (UK) |
G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS |
Polygon | online | 2012– | news, features, reviews | Includes The Verge. | Vox Media | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS |
Siliconera | online | niche-market blog | Specializes in niche-market and Japanese video games. | Curse, Inc. | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS | |
Shacknews | online | 1996– | features, news, reviews | Full-time staff and editorial processes. about | Gamerhub | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS |
VentureBeat | online | 2006– | features, news, reviews | Independent | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS | |
VG247 | online | 2008– | features, news | Operated by industry veteran Patrick Garett as part of a collaboration with Eurogamer. Won best gaming blog at the Games Media Awards 2009. | Patrick Garett | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS |
VideoGamer.com | online | 2004– | Full-time staff includes industry veterans.[1][2] | Resero Network | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS | |
Wired | online | 1993– | features, news | Condé Nast Publications | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS |
Foreign language
Name | Media | Dates | Type | Lang | Notes and limitations | Owner | Quick links |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
4Gamer.net | online | 2000– | JPN | Published by Aetas | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS | ||
Comptiq / MeadiaMixx Gaming Magazine | print, online | 1983– | JPN | Older issues deal with computers in general as the magazine transitioned to computer/video gaming. As of September 2003 the print magazine is known as MeadiaMixx Gaming Magazine. | Published by Kadokawa Shoten | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS | |
Dengeki | print, online | 2008– | JPN | Published by ASCII Media Works | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS | ||
Famitsu | print, online | 1986– | news, reviews, etc. | JPN | Includes several spin-off publications dealing with specific platforms. | Published by Enterbrain | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS |
Impress Watch | online | JPN | Owned by Impress Group | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS | |||
ITmedia | online | JPN | Owned by ITmedia | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS | |||
Jeuxvideo.com | online | news, reviews, etc. | FRA | Webedia | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS | ||
Media Create | print, online | rankings, analysis, trends, etc. | JPN | When citing their ranking page use Webcitation or another instant archiving resource as their pages change weekly and are not archived. Some of their older English and Japanese pages are archived. |
Media Create Co. | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS | |
Power Unlimited | print, online | 1993– | NLD | Reshift Digital | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS | ||
SKOAR! | print, online | 2003– | HIN | Spinoff from technology magazine, Digit. | Owned by 9.9 Mediaworx | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS |
Games industry-related/academic/other
Name | Media | Dates | Type | Notes and limitations | Owner | Quick links |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chart-Track | online | 1996– | Monitors sales of software for the UK, Ireland and Denmark. | Controlled by research institute GfK.[3][4] | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS | |
Develop (UK) | online | Developer news, opinions, analysis, etc. | To be merged under the MCV banner in early 2018.[5] | NewBay Media | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS | |
ELSPA | online | Sales and ratings organization for Europe. | Includes Famitsu (Japan) sales, ranging from 2005 to 2008.[6] | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS | ||
Gamasutra | online | 1997– | Focus on video game development, for video game developers. | United Business Media; sister publication to Game Developer magazine | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS | |
GamesIndustry.biz | online | News, features, market and industry info | Sister site of Eurogamer | Eurogamer Network | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS | |
Game Studies | online | peer-reviewed, scholarly journal | Has a Board of reviewers from academic institutes, a team of editors, and is listed on the Directory of Open Access Journals. | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS | ||
Market for Home Computing and Video Games (UK) | print, online | 1998– | Industry news, for industry insiders | Better known as MCV. Partnership with Famitsu.[7] | NewBay Media | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS |
The MagicBox | online | Translates industry news and sales figures, notably Famitsu and Media Create | Also combines sales figures from sources for yearly figures (nothing we can't do per WP:CALC) WP:RS/N | Independant |
Platform-specific
Name | Media | Dates | Type | Notes and limitations | Owner | Quick links |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AMIGA Magazine RACK | print, online | Amiga gaming | Use {{Cite journal}} when citing anything from a magazine page and do not directly link the site with the url parameter. | Independent | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS | |
GameStar (DE, HU, CZ, IT, CN) | 1997– | PC gaming | Sister magazine of GamePro | IDG Entertainment | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk | |
Killer List of Videogames | online | 1991– | Arcade games | Has been cited and mentioned in several publications: magazines, websites, and books | International Arcade Museum | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS |
NF Magazine | online | 2013– | Nintendo news, features, reviews | NF Publishing, LLC | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS | |
Nintendo Life | online | 2006– | Nintendo | Factual information (especially release dates); for editorial content, author reliability is needed. Director Damien McFerran has also written for Eurogamer, Retro Gamer, Games TM and others. | Nlife Ltd. | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS |
Nintendo World Report | online | Nintendo news, features, reviews | Formerly known as Planet GameCube | Independent | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS | |
Official U.S. PlayStation Magazine | 1997–2007 | PlayStation | Ziff Davis Media | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk | ||
Official Xbox Magazine (US, UK) | 2001– | Xbox | Future Publishing | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk | ||
PC Gamer (UK, US) | 1993– | PC gaming | Future Publishing | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk | ||
PCGamesN | online | 2012– | PC gaming | Network N | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk | |
PC PowerPlay (AU) | 1996– | PC gaming | Next Media Pty Ltd | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk | ||
PlayStation Official Magazine – UK | 2006– | PlayStation | Future Publishing | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk | ||
Rock, Paper, Shotgun | online | 2007– | PC gaming | Blog-style website founded by four experienced UK games journalists: Jim Rossignol, Kieron Gillen, John Walker and Alec Meer | Eurogamer Network | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS |
Sega Saturn Magazine | 1994–1998 | Sega Saturn | Successor to Sega Magazine, 1 | EMAP | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk | |
Slide to Play | online | iOS gaming site | Targets iOS games. | Independent | ||
Touch Arcade | online | 2008- | mobile game news | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS |
Genre-specific
Name | Media | Dates | Type | Notes and limitations | Owner | Quick links |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Adventure Gamers | online | 1998– | Adventure games | Independent | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS | |
Just Adventure | online | 1997– | Adventure games (mostly) | The site and its staff have been cited in numerous publications and have been the subject of multiple interviews by online gaming news sites with several of its members receiving prestigious awards for their work. (See 1) | Independent | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS |
RPGamer | online | 1995– | Role-playing games | Part of the CraveOnline Gaming Channel | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS | |
Wargamer.com | online | 1995– | Wargames (strategy and tactics) | Fairly rigorous editorial process,[8] staffed by experts on war-related and editorial fields,[9][10] and received several accolades from established sites.[11][12] | Independent | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS |
General computing
Name | Media | Dates | Type | Notes and limitations | Owner | Quick links |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CNET | online | 1994– | features, news, reviews | CBS Corporation/CBS Interactive | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS | |
Mac|Life / MacAddict (US) | 1996– | Macintosh | Formerly a part of CD-ROM Today, along with boot (now Maximum PC). | Future US | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk | |
Macworld (US, CA, AU) | 1984–2014 | Macintosh | International Data Group; formerly in partnership with Ziff-Davis | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk | ||
Maximum PC / boot (US) | 1996– | Windows | Formerly a part of CD-ROM Today, along with MacAddict (now Mac|Life). | Future US | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk | |
PC Format (UK) | 1991– | Windows | Future Publishing | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk | ||
RedBull Games | online | Multi-platform | RedBull | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk | ||
TechRadar | online | Multi-platform | Future plc |
Aggregate sites
Name | Media | Dates | Type | Notes and limitations | Owner | Quick links |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
GameRankings | online | 1999– | Aggregate review scores | Only counts sites which produce a stipulated minimum volume of output.[13] Do not use their release dates as they take them from GameFAQs. | CBS Corporation > CBS Interactive | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS |
Metacritic | online | 1999– | Aggregate review scores | Lowers scores of sites it deems "unreliable".[14] | CBS Corporation > CBS Interactive | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS |
Primary/affiliate sources
Sources are often direct from gaming companies or have close ties to them. Generally very reliable for the facts but should be avoided for opinions.
Name | Media | Dates | Type | Notes and limitations | Owner | Quick links |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Major Nelson's Blog | online | Updates on Xbox Live content and performance, blog | News, announcements, Xbox centric videos and podcast. | Self-published by Larry Hryb in a semi-professional manner. | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS | |
PlayStation Blog | online (US/EU) | 2007– | PlayStation, blog | Newsblog, with posts mostly from 3rd-party dev studios including announcements, interviews and previews alongside 1st-party SIE Worldwide Studios devs. | Sony Interactive Entertainment | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS |
Defunct
Name | Media | Dates | Type | Notes and limitations | Owner | Quick links |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1UP.com | online | 2003–2013 | features, news, reviews | Formerly EGM online site, merged with UGO in 2009.[15] | UGO Networks | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS |
Absolute Games (RU) | online | RU | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS | |||
AllGame | online | 1998–2014 | credits, summaries, synopses | An extension of AllMusic by the same company for video games. Provides IMDb-like details for game credits and useful as a source for those within articles. | All Media Network (formerly Macrovision) | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS |
Andriasang | online | 2008–2012 | features, news | Focused on the Japanese video games industry, contains weekly updates from Famitsu, Dengeki, Jump and other Japanese Magazines. | Independent | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS |
CVG Presents / Computer and Video Games (UK) | 1981–2004 / 2008–2009 | Multi-platform | The print version of this magazine was suspended for a while and reappeared in a bi-monthly form (CVG Presents) focusing each issue on the life history of a single games franchise. Ceased publication sometime during 2009. Website is a separate entity and unaffected by changes. CVG (1981–2004), CVG Presents (2008–2009) |
EMAP, Dennis Publishing, Future Publishing | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk | |
ComputerAndVideoGames.com (UK) | online | 1999–2015 | Multi-platform | Website version of Computer and Video Games that lasted for several years after the magazine. | EMAP, Dennis Publishing, Future Publishing | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS |
Computer Games Magazine / Computer Games Strategy Plus / Strategy Plus (US) | 1988–2007 | Multi-platform | Currently in hiatus. May make a reappearance at some time in the future. | Theglobe.com | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk | |
Computer Gaming World / Games for Windows (US, CA) | 1981–2006 / 2006–2008 | PC games, later Windows games | Ziff-Davis, later in partnership with Microsoft. Staff integrated into 1UP.com. | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk | ||
EGM2 / Expert Gamer / GameNOW (US) | 1994–1998 / 1998–2001 / 2001–2004 | Tips, tricks & guides. | Affiliated with Electronic Gaming Monthly. | Sendai Publishing, Ziff-Davis | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk | |
FiringSquad | online | 1998–2013 | Started by Dennis Fong aka "Thresh". The site's various articles has been cited in many publications and scholarly works. Passed FAC for Giants: Citizen Kabuto, Midtown Madness. | FS Media Inc. | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS | |
GameDaily | online | 1995–2011 | features, news, reviews | AOL | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS | |
GameFan / Diehard GameFan Magazine (US, CA) | 1992–2000 | Imports and anime. | DieHard Gamers Club, Metropolis Media, Shinno Media | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk | ||
GamePro (US) | print, online | 1989–2011 | console gaming | Sister magazine to GameStar. | IDG Entertainment | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS |
GameTrailers | online | 2002–2016 | hosting, reviews, video news | Make sure that you are not sourcing fanmade material. Previously owned by Viacom. Content is now hosted on an official "GameTrailers" Youtube channel. | Defy Media, archives hosted by IGN from May 2016 onward. | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS |
GamerBytes | online | 2006–2011 | Gaming commentary for online marketplace games | Covers online marketplace games such as WiiWare, Xbox Live Arcade, and PlayStation Network. Merged into Gamasutra. (See 1) | Gamasutra | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS |
GameSetWatch | online | ?–2011 | Gaming commentary | Material is generally stuff that has already been published at Gamasutra but will often contain features that are published on its site before it reaches Gamasutra. (See 1) | Sister site of Gamasutra, Think Services | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS |
GameSpy | online | 1996–2013 | features, news, reviews | Shared database with IGN. | IGN | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS |
Good Game | online | 2006–2016 | Australian TV show which reviews video games, and has informative out-of-universe retrospective segments. Website comprehensive | Australian Broadcasting Corporation | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS | |
HookShot Inc. | online | ?–2013 | Downloadable games under $15 | Independent | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk | |
IndustryGamers | online | 2010–2012 | features, news, reviews | Acquired by Gamesindustry.biz | Independently owned | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS |
Inside Mac Games | online | 1993– | macintosh gaming site | Now a forum site | Independent | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS |
Joystiq | online | 2004–2015 | multi-author blog | AOL property with salaried staff. GameDaily was merged with Joystiq following the former's closure. Closed in 2015, a cut down version was merged into Engadget. | AOL > Weblogs, Inc. | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS |
Kill Screen | print, online | 2009–2017 | features, news, reviews | Scores from reviews not recommended to use. | Independent | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS |
MMO Games Magazine / Massive Magazine (US) | 2006–2007 | MMO gaming | Sister publication to Computer Games Magazine. | Theglobe.com | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk | |
Music4Games | online | 1999–2009 | Focus on video game music, music industry, etc. | Established editorial policies, major supporter/media partner of GDC and trade shows. | Independent | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS |
Next Generation Magazine (UK) | 1995–2002 | Games, games industry. | Affiliated with Edge. | Future Publishing | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk | |
NGC Magazine / N64 Magazine (UK) | 1997–2001 / 2001–2006 | Nintendo 64, GameCube | Successor to Super Play. | Future Publishing | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk | |
NGamer / Nintendo Gamer (UK) | 2006–2012 | Nintendo | Successor to NGC Magazine. Formally known as NGamer. | Future Publishing | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk | |
Nintendo Power (US) | 1988–2012 | Nintendo | Published by Nintendo before 2007. | Future US | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk | |
Official Dreamcast Magazine (UK) | 1999–2001 | Sega Dreamcast | Dennis Publishing | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk | ||
Official Dreamcast Magazine (US) | 1999–2001 | Sega Dreamcast | Imagine Media | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk | ||
PALGN | online | 2003–2014 | news and reviews | Independent | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS | |
PC Zone (UK) | 1993–2010 | PC gaming | Charlie Brooker and Stuart Campbell have previously written for the magazine. Originally published by Dennis Publishing. | Future Publishing | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk | |
Penny Arcade Report | online | 2012–2013 | news, features, reviews | Full-time staff and editorial processes. about | Penny Arcade | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS |
Play (US magazine) | print, online | 2001–2010 | Multi-format games magazine founded and edited by Dave Halverson, formerly of GameFan. Not to be confused with Play (UK magazine), a PlayStation magazine. | Fusion Publishing | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS | |
Pocket Gamer (US, CA) | 2000–? | Handheld games | Imagine Media | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk | ||
RPG Vault | online | 1996–2009 | Role-playing games | J2 Global > Ziff Davis | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS | |
Sports Gaming Network | online | ?–2006 | Sports games. | The site has been cited in several publications and scholarly works. (See 1) | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS | |
Strategy Gaming Online | online | ?–2011 | Strategy games | Defunct | UGO Network | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS |
Stratos Group | online | ?–2017 | Acknowledged industry experts. (See 1) | Independent | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS | |
Technology Tell | online | features, news, reviews | Formerly Gamer Tell. Hasn't updated since 2016. | NAPCO Media | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS | |
UGO Networks | online | 1997–2013 | features, news | Operate a host of related networked gaming sites. | Hearst Corporation | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS |
Voodoo Extreme | online | ?–2003 | J2 Global > Ziff Davis | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS | ||
WorldsInMotion | online (archived) | 2007–2012 | Merged with Gamasutra as of 2012. | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk | ||
X-Play (US) | television, online | 1998–2013 | features, news, reviews | G4 | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS | |
Amiga Power (UK) | 1991–1996 | Amiga | Future Publishing | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk | ||
Amstrad Action (UK) | 1985–1995 | Amstrad CPC | Future Publishing | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk | ||
CRASH (UK) | 1984–1992 | ZX Spectrum | Newsfield Publications Ltd | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk | ||
Dragon (US) | 1976–1997 | ZX Spectrum | (See 1) | TSR / WotC / Paizo | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk | |
Game Developer (US) | 1994–2013 | Focus on video game development | CMP Media | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk | ||
Mean Machines (UK) | 1990–1992 | Multi-platform | Offshoot of Computer and Video Games | EMAP | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk | |
MEGA (UK) | 1992–1995 | Sega Mega Drive | Future Publishing, Maverick Magazines | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk | ||
Official Nintendo Magazine (UK) | print, limited online | 2006–2014 | Nintendo | EMAP, Future Publishing | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS | |
Play Time (magazine) (DE) | 1991–1995 | Multi-platform | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk | |||
Sinclair User (UK) | 1982–1993 | ZX Spectrum | EMAP | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk | ||
Super Play (UK) | 1992–1996 | Super Nintendo | Future Publishing | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk | ||
TeamXbox | online (archived) | 2000–2012 | Xbox, Xbox 360 | J2 Global > Ziff Davis | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS | |
Your Sinclair (UK) | 1984–1993 | ZX Spectrum | Dennis Publishing, Future Publishing | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk |
Situational sources
Name | Media | Dates | Type | Notes and limitations | Owner | Quick links |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Destructoid | online | 2006– | Multi-author blog site, "community blogging" | Like other blog sites, some content may be reliable, but only if the author can be established as such. Community user-blogs fail WP:USERG. | Enthusiast Gaming | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS |
Easy Allies | online | 2016– | Features, news, reviews | Formed by the previous crew of Game Trailers, useful for opinions | Independent | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS |
The Escapist | online | 2005– | Features, news, reviews | Aside from Zero Punctuation, almost all content is unpaid volunteer written. Content before 2017 is staff written and generally still useful. | Defy Media | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS |
Forbes | online, print | 1917– | News magazine, "contributor" content | Forbes publishes content from salaried Forbes staff, and a vetted community of non-salaried Forbes contributors (indicated by "Contributor" in the author's by-line). Articles written by Forbes staff are reliable. Articles written by Forbes contributors do not have the same editorial oversight and may not be reliable. Editors are encouraged to find alternatives to contributor pieces. | Forbes | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS |
Giant Bomb | online | 2008– | news, features, reviews, wiki | Reliable for reviews and news content submitted in the site's blog by the site's own editorial staff. Do not use the user contributed content from the site's article/database section for citations. | CBS Corporation > CBS Interactive | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS |
The Jimquisition | online | blog | Use should be restricted to opinions only. Editorial policy/team not present. One man operation by Jim Sterling. This site cannot be used to demonstrate notability. | Independent | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS | |
Major League Gaming (MLG) | online | 2002– | Primary site for Major League Gaming, an eSports organizer | As a primary source this can be used to verify contest results and other information directly related to MLG, but cannot be used to establish notability. | Competition web site | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS |
The Mary Sue | online | news, features, reviews | Blog and original reporting focusing on women in "geek culture". Original reporting is reliable and original blogging may be appropriate for editorial/opinions, but reblogged content is not. (See discussion.) | Abrams Media | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS | |
Sega-16 | online | 2003– | Sega "historical research center" | Articles by Ken Horowitz and developer interviews are considered reliable. The rest of the content is volunteer-contributed and should be avoided. | Independent | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS |
Steam Spy | online | 2015– | video game sales estimates (Steam only) | Uses published stats and game ownership information to make educated guesses as to sales numbers on Steam. Should never be used directly to support sales numbers, but may be used if sales estimated by Steam Spy are noted by a third-party. Should never be used if there have been actual sales numbers published by another source (publisher directly, NPD Group, etc.) at some point. Prose analysis of overall purchasing trends in the market based on estimated sales may be usable on case-by-case. | Sergey Galyonkin | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS |
Video Game Music Online | online | 2014– | Video game music news, composer interviews, game music soundtrack and concert reviews | All content by the site staff (except for composer biographies) is considered reliable. Previously operated as Square Enix Music (2007–2014). | Independent | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS |
Twin Galaxies | online | 1981– | news | TG is one of the first authorities on video game record-setting (mainly score attack), having endured a hiatus and change of ownership with a new site. For modern records and for speed runs, consider Speed Demos Archive and Guinness. | Independent | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS |
Xbox.com | online | Xbox official site | May not be appropriate for reviews, since it's owned by a game publisher. | Microsoft | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS | |
XBLA Fans | online | News blog, reviews, interviews | Authors listed in the collaboration with Gamesauce (print magazine)[16] may be used. Other authors must be proven reliable on a per-case basis. | Gorilla Networks LLC | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS |
Defunct
Name | Media | Dates | Type | Notes and limitations | Owner | Quick links |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
About.com | online | 1997–2017 | encyclopedia | The website became Dotdash. When using archived versions of about.com: This site should generally be used for its sources rather than for its content. Use of this site's content is restricted to signed post-2005 content depending on the reliability of the individual author, and specifically barring its use for fringe theories and BLPs. Articles sourced to Wikipedia are also to be excluded. | IAC | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS |
Yahoo! Voices / Associated Content | online (blacklisted) | 2005–2014 | While content by reliable authors could be published there, it is highly unlikely. (See 1) | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS G·N·B·S·RS·Talk | ||
Bitmob | online | Multi-author blog | Content from the site's staff are approved sources given their collective industry experience. Articles where the author is listed as "Community Writer" are not to be used. | Bitmob Media | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS | |
Crispy Gamer | online | 2008–2010 | Multi-author blog | Authorship was composed of several independent games journalist, some with a strong history in gaming journalism, working together as a "Game Trust". Reliability should be based on author. (defunct) | Independent | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS |
Deaf Gamers | online | Video game reviews for the hearing imparied | Reliable with regard to accessibility issues related to video games. | Independent | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS | |
Jay Is Games | online | 2003–2016 | blog | Use of this site should be restricted to casual games and only if the review is written by Jay Bibby. This site cannot be used to demonstrate notability. | Independent | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS |
MTV Multiplayer | online | news, features, reviews | Blog-style game reporting from MTV editors. May need to demonstrate reliability of individual authors. | MTV Networks | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS | |
Offworld | online | –2016 | Blog | Original incarnation (2008-2009) primarily by Brandon Boyer. Relaunched in 2015 by Leigh Alexander (Gamasutra, Kotaku) and Laura Hudson (Wired). |
Boing Boing, Happy Mutants LLC | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS |
WomenGamers.com | online | A blog; use of this site should be carefully considered. Often, it is best to demonstrate the reliability of the individual authors sourced. | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS |
Unreliable sources
Sources in the following list should be not be used and replaced if possible; however, these sources may be useful in finding reference to other, more useful and reliable sources.
Name | Media | Dates | Type | Notes and limitations | Owner | Quick links |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
EventHubs | online | Hobbyist site for fighting games | Has no editorial policies or ethics page, accepts user generated submissions, no credentials for writers | Independent | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS | |
Everything2 | online | 1998– | User-contributed encyclopedia | Relies on user-submitted content. | Blockstackers Intergalactic | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS |
Game Boyz | online | Defunct. | Reviews | Has no editorial policies | Independent | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS |
Game Interface | online | Defunct. | Reviews | Has no editorial policies | Independent | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS |
GameClassification.com | online | Game synopses | Relies on user-submitted content. | Independent | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS | |
GameFAQs | online | 1995– | Walkthroughs, cheats and release dates | Relies on user-submitted content with no apparent editorial oversight. | CBS Interactive | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS |
Gaming on Linux | online | Hobbyist site | Has no editorial policies | Independent | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS | |
online | 1998– | Search engine | Search engines are not considered reliable sources. | Alphabet Inc. | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS | |
GosuGamers | online | News | No editorial oversight. | Indepenedent | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS | |
Mana Pool | online | 2010– | Reviews | Has no editorial policies | Independent | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS |
MobyGames | online | 1999– | Game synopses, credits and aggregate review scores | Relies on user-submitted content. While it demands reliable sources for all contributions and all contributed information undergoes scrutiny by experienced users before publication, its info has been shown to be often erroneous and the sources provided by contributors are not publicly displayed. | Blue Flame Labs | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS |
Mod DB | online | 2002– | Mod hosting, news and reviews | Has no editorial policies, so can only be used as a primary source for factual information about mods—by mod developers—where the same information cannot otherwise be retrieved from game documentation, developer websites, etc. | DesuraNet | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS |
N4G | online | News and reviews | Relies on user-submitted content. | Havamedia | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS | |
N-Sider | online | 1999– | News, reviews and features | Demoted for inaccurate articles and deliberate misinformation to pass off speculation as fact (See 1). Also applies to IGN content contributed to by N-Sider ([17][18][19][20][21][22][23]). | Independent | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS |
ScrewAttack | online | 2006– | Production studio | Essentially a YouTube gaming channel mostly known for Death Battle and Top 10 lists. | Independent > Fullscreen | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS |
TopTenReviews | online | Aggregate review scores | Writes reviews to boost game sales. | TechMediaNetwork | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS | |
VGChartz | online | 2005– | Sales figures (US, Japan and Europe) | While referenced in reliable sources, the site estimates and adjusts numbers without source referral (method analysis). Replace with NPD Group or Enterbrain numbers for US and Japan, respectively. Relevant discussions 1, 2, and 3. | Independent | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS |
VGReleases.com | online | News and release dates | Relies on user-submitted content. | Havamedia | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS | |
WatchMojo.com | online | 2005– | "Top Ten" lists, infotainment | Fails WP:NPOV and WP:USERG; WatchMojo is not known for fact checking and gets ideas for videos from forum surveys. | Ashkan Karbasfrooshan | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS |
Wikia | online | 2004– | User-contributed encyclopedia | Wikia is expressly prohibited as a self-published source, as it is not known for fact checking or accuracy, and its content can wildly change at any time. | Independent | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS |
Wikipedia | online | 2001– | User-contributed encyclopedia | Wikipedia is expressly prohibited as a self-published source, as it is not known for fact checking or accuracy, and its content can wildly change at any time. | Wikimedia Foundation | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS |
Other various Wikis | online | User-contributed | Wiki websites such as StrategyWiki and Bulbapedia can be openly edited by anyone, and they do not have sufficient fact checking or editorial oversight in place. Some wikis can wildly change at any time. | |||
YouTube | online | 2005– | User-contributed | Many videos will fail WP:USERG or WP:COPYVIO. However, official accounts secured by reliable source websites (such as IGN) or specific developers/publishers are still usable. See also WP:YOUTUBE. | G·N·B·S·RS·Talk·LS |
Checklist
This is a checklist/index of past discussions. Sources with green checkmarks (✓) are currently considered to meet reliability requirements; sources with red Xs (✗) are currently considered unreliable; sources with orange exclamation marks (!!!) are currently "situational" and may not be used in every circumstance (see the individual notes, above). Other sources have not been discussed at sufficient length to achieve consensus. Remember that consensus can change, so sites listed here may be upgraded or downgraded based on further discussion.
If you know of a source that is not listed and you cannot find any previous discussion regarding a source's reliability, please start a discussion on the Talk page.
- 148Apps !!! 1, 2, 3
- 1UP.com ✓ 1, 2
- 3D Juegos (Spain) 1, 2
- 576 Konzol (Hungary) 1, 2
- Abandonia Reloaded ✗ 1, 2
- About.com !!! 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14
- Absolute Games (AG.ru) (Russia) ✓ 1
- AceGamez ✗ 1, 2
- ActionTrip ✗ 1, 2
- Adrenaline Vault, The (AVault) ✗ 1, 2, 3
- Adrenaline Zone (PCM&E) ✗ 1
- Adventure Classic Gaming 1
- Adventure Gamers ✓ 1, 2
- All Game Guide (allgame) ✓ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10
- All In ✗ 1
- AllRPG ✗ 1, 2
- Altered Gamer ✗ 1
- AMIGA Magazine RACK ✓ 1, 2, 3
- Amiga Power ✓ 1
- Amstrad Action ✓ 1
- Andriasang ✓ 1
- Android Headlines ✗ 1
- Android Police ✗ 1
- Angry Video Game Nerd (AVGN, cinemassacre.com) ✗ 1, 2, 3
- Animetric 1, 2
- AntKids.com ✗ 1
- App Spy (AppSpy.com) 1, 2
- Arcade History (arcade-history.com) ✗ 1, 2
- Armchair Empire, The ✗ 1, 2, 3, 4
- Armed Gamer ✗ 1
- Ars Technica ✓ 1, 2
- Associated Content/Yahoo! Voices !!! 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
- AtariAge.com (website) 1, 2
- Atari Gaming Headquarters (Atari HQ) ✓ 1, 2, 3, 4
- Atari User 1, 2
- AudioGames.net 1
- AV Club, The ✓ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
- BBGSite.com ✗ 1
- Big Download 1
- Bitmob !!! 1
- Bit-Tech ✓ 1
- Brash Games ✗ 1
- Blistered Thumbs ✗ 1
- Blue's News ✓ 1
- browser1.de ✗ 1
- CD-Action (Poland) ✓ 1, 2
- CG Magazine ✗ 1
- Chart-Track ✓ 1
- Cheat Code Central ✗ 1, 2, 3, 4
- Cinema Blend (CinemaBlend) ✗ 1, 2, 3
- Cincinnati Enquirer 1, 2
- CinnamonPirate.com 1
- Click! ✓ 1, 2
- CNET ✓ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
- Collective, The (BBC) 1
- Coming Soon (Magazine) 1, 2
- Commodore User 1
- Complex ✓ 1, 2, 3
- Comptiq (Japan) ✓ 1
- Computer and Video Games (CVG) ✓ 1, 2, 3, 4
- Computer Games (Magazine) (Romania, USA) ✓ 1
- Computer Gaming World (CGW) ✓ 1
- Console Obsession ✗ 1
- contactmusic.com 1
- CPU Gamer (2404.org PC Gaming) ✗ 1
- Crash! ✓ 1
- Crispy Gamer !!! 1
- Cubed3 !!! 1, 2, 3, 4
- CVGames ✗ 1
- Da Gameboyz 1
- DarkZero ✗ 1
- Deaf Gamers !!! 1, 2, 3
- Deeko 1
- Defunct Games ✗ 1, 2, 3
- Dengeki.com (Japan) ✓ 1
- Destructoid ✓ 1, 2, 3, 4
- Detroit Free Press (Freep) 1
- Develop ✓ 1
- DevMaster.net ✗ 1
- Digital Press - Classic Video Games 1
- Digital Something ✗ 1
- Digital Spy ✓ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10
- Digital Trends - 1
- Dorkly ✗ 1
- Dragon ✓ 1, 2, 3
- DreamStation.cc 1
- Droid Gamers ✗ 1
- Dsogaming.com ✗ 1
- DualShockers.com ✗ 1, 2, 3
- E-Sports Earnings ✗ 1
- Easy Allies !!! 1
- Edge ✓ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
- Electric Playground ✓ 1, 2
- Electronic Gaming Monthly (EGM) ✓ 1, 2, 3, 4
- ElectronicTheatere 1
- Eludamos 1, 2
- Engadget ✓ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
- Entertainment and Leisure Software Publishers Association (ELSPA) ✓ 1
- Entertainment Weekly ✓ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
- ESC Magazine 1, 2
- Escapist, The ✓ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
- Esports Earnings ✗ 1, 2
- Esports Heaven ✗ 1
- Esports Observer ✗ 1
- ESRB 1, 2
- Eurogamer (Germany, UK) ✓ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10
- EventHubs ✗ 1
- Everything2.com ✗ 1
- Examiner.com ✗ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
- Expert Gamer ✓ 1
- Extra Credits 1
- Famitsu (Japan) ✓ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
- FHM (Magazine) 1, 2
- FileFactory Games / Gameworld Network 1, 2, 3, 4
- FiringSquad ✓ 1
- FOK!games (Netherlands) 1
- Fragland.net 1
- G4mers 1
- G4 TV: The Electric Playground 1
- G4 TV: X-Play ✓ 1, 2, 3
- galaxy-news.net ✗ 1
- Gamasutra ✓ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
- Gambler (Poland) ✓ 1, 2
- GameAlmighty.com 1
- Game Arena 1
- GameBanshee 1, 2
- GameBreaker ✗ 1
- GameCenter 1
- Game Chronicles ✗ 1
- Game Classification ✗ 1, 2
- Gamecorner.pl ✗ 1, 2
- GameDaily ✓ 1, 2, 3
- Game Developer ✓ 1
- GameDevResearch ✓ 1, 2
- Game.EXE (Russia) ✓ 1
- GameFan (Magazine) (Die Hard GameFAN) ✓ 1, 2
- GameFAQs ✗ 1, 2, 3
- GameGirl.com 1
- GameHall 1, 2
- Game industry News (GiN) 1
- Game Informer (Magazine) ✓ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
- GameNOW ✓ 1
- Gameological Society, The ✓ 1
- Gameplanet ✓ 1, 2
- GamePlasma ✗ 1
- Gameplay (Russia, Poland) ✗ 1, 2
- Gameplay Monthly 1
- GamePolitics.com 1, 2, 3
- Game Power 1
- GamePro (Australia, Germany, USA) ✓ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
- GameProFamily.com 1
- Game Over Online 1
- Gamer ✓ (Netherlands) 1, 2, 3, 4
- GameRankings ✓ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
- Game Rant (Gamerant) ✗ 1, 2, 3
- Gameranx ✗ 1, 2
- Gamerbytes ✓ 1, 2
- GamerDad 1
- Gamereactor 1
- Game Reactor (Denmark, Finland, Sweden) 1
- Game Revolution ✓ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
- GamerHelp.com 1
- Gamernode 1
- Gamers' Temple 1
- GamersHell ✗ 1
- GamersInfo 1, 2
- GamersReports 1
- Gamers' Temple, The 1
- Gamertell ✓ 1, 2
- Gamervision ✗ 1
- Games.net 1
- Games32 1
- GamesAreFun.com (GAF) 1
- Games Asylum ✗ 1, 2
- GameSetWatch ✓ 1
- GamesFirst! ✗ 1, 2, 3, 4
- Games for Windows (GFW) ✓ 1
- GameShark 1, 2
- GamesIndustry.biz ✓ 1, 2, 3
- GameSkinny ✗ 1
- GameSlant 1
- GamesMaster ✓ 1
- GameSnob 1
- GameSpot (Belgium, China, Netherlands, UK, USA) ✓ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15
- GameSpy ✓ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
- Games Radar ✓ 1, 2
- GameStar (Germany, Hungary, Italy, Poland, USA) ✓ 1
- GameStats ✓ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
- GamesTM (Belgium, Germany, Netherlands, UK, USA) ✓ 1, 2
- Game Studies ✓ 1, 2
- Gamestyle (Germany, USA) 1, 2
- GameTab ✓ 1, 2, 3
- Game Tap 1, 2
- GameTrailers ✓ 1, 2, 3, 4
- Game Tunnel 1, 2
- Game World Navigator (Навигатор игрового мира, Russia) 1
- GameZebo ✓ 1, 2, 3, 4
- Game Zero ✗ 1
- Gamezilla ✓ 1, 2
- GameZone (Germany, USA) ✓ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
- Gaminator (Poland) ✗ 1, 2
- Gaming Age !!! 1, 2, 3
- Gaming Nexus ✗ 1, 2
- Gaming on Linux ✗ 1
- Gaming Target ✗ 1
- GamingUnion.net 1, 2
- GamingXP 1
- Gamnesia ✗ 1, 2
- Gaygamer.net ✗ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
- Gematsu ✓ 1, 2, 3
- Gery Gry ✗ 1, 2
- Giant Bomb !!! 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
- Gildia Gier Komputerowych (Poland) ✗ 1, 2
- God Is a Geek ✗ 1
- GoNintendo ✗ 1
- Good Game ✓ 1
- Google ✗ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
- GotGame 1
- Great Games Experiment 1, 2
- Green Pixels 1, 2
- Gry Mocny (Poland) ✗ 1, 2
- Gry Onet (Poland) ✗ 1, 2
- Gry OnLine (Poland) ✓ 1, 2
- Gry PC (Poland) ✗ 1, 2
- Happy Puppy 1
- Hardcore Gamer (Magazine) ✓ 1
- Hardcore Gaming 101 ✓ 1, 2, 3
- HarryBalls.com 1
- HLTV ✗ 1
- Home of the Underdogs ✗ 1, 2
- HonestGamers !!! 1
- HookShot Inc. ✓ 1
- Hyperactive 1
- IGN (Australia, UK, USA) ✓ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13
- Igromania (Игромания, Russia) ✓ 1
- Imperium Gier (Poland) ✓ 1, 2
- Impress Watch (Japan) ✓ 1
- IndieGames.com ✓ 1, 2
- Indie Game Magazine 1
- IndustryGamers ✓ 1
- Insert Credit 1, 2, 3, 4
- Inside Gaming Daily 1
- Inside Gaming Source, The (TIGSource) 1
- Inside Mac Games (IMG) ✓ 1
- Internet Games Archive ✗ 1
- Internet Movie Database (IMDB) ✗ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25
- ITmedia (Japan) ✓ 1
- JayIsGames !!! 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
- Jeuxvideo.com (France) ✓ 1, 2
- Jimquistion, The !!! 1
- JoyStik 1, 2
- Joystiq !!! 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
- Just Adventure ✓ 1
- Just RPG ✗ 1, 2, 3
- Kikizo Games 1
- Kill Screen ✓ 1, 2
- Killer List of Video Games (KLOV) ✓ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10
- Kombo.com 1, 2
- Komputer Świat GRY (Poland) ✓ 1, 2
- Kotaku ✓ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
- Lazygamer ✗ 1
- Legends of Localization ✓ 1
- Let's Play Video Games 1
- LGBTQ Video Game Archive 1
- LoL Esports ✗ 1
- Lost Garden ✓ 1
- LudoScience 1, 2
- MacAddict ✓ 1
- MacLife ✓ 1
- Macworld ✓ 1, 2
- Magic Box, The ✓ 1, 2, 3, 4
- Major League Gaming (MLGPro) !!! 1, 2
- Major Nelson's Blog !!! 1
- MAN!AC 1
- Mania/AnimeOnDVD.com 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
- Market for Home Computing and Video Games (MCV) ✓ 1
- Mary Sue, The !!! 1, 2
- Massively ✓ 1, 2, 3
- Massive (Magazine) ✓ 1
- Matt Chat Blog, The 1
- Maxim ✓ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
- Maximum PC ✓ 1
- Mean Machines ✓ 1, 2, 3
- Media Cows, The ✗ 1
- Media Create (Japan) ✓ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
- MEGA ✓ 1
- Megami (Magazine) (Japan) ✓ 1
- Melee It on Me ✗ 1
- Meristation (Spain) 1, 2, 3, 4
- Metacritic ✓ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10
- Miasto Gier ✓ 1, 2
- Millenium Portail 1
- MMOABC 1
- MMO Games (Magazine) ✓ 1
- MMOGChart.com ✗ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
- MMO Hub ✗ 1, 2
- MMOHut ✗ 1, 2, 3
- MMORPG.com ✗ 1
- MMOs.com ✗ 1
- MMOsite.com ✗ 1, 2
- MobyGames ✗ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
- Mod DB ✗ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
- MTV Multiplayer !!! 1, 2
- Multi-Player Online Gaming Directory (MPOGD.com) ✗ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
- Multiplayer.it 1, 2
- Music4Games ✓ 1
- My Nintendo News ✗ 1
- N4G ✗ 1, 2, 3
- N64 Magazine ✓ 1
- NeoGAF ✗ 1
- Neoseeker 1, 2
- Netjak ✗ 1, 2
- New York Times, The ✓ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21
- neXGam (Germany) 1
- Next Generation (Magazine) ✓ 1, 2, 3, 4
- NF Magazine (Nintendo Force) ✓ 1
- NGamer ✓ 1
- NGC (Magazine) ✓ 1
- Niche Gamer ✗ 1, 2
- Nightmare Mode 1
- NinDB ✗ 1
- Nintendojo 1, 2
- Nintendo Enthusiast ✗ 1
- Nintendo Life ✓ 1, 2, 3, 4
- Nintendo Magazine System (Australia, UK) 1, 2
- Nintendo Power (Magazine) ✓ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
- Nintendo Prime ✗ 1
- Nintendo World Report ✓ 1, 2, 3
- N-Sider ✗ 1, 2
- NTSC-uk/Bordersdown ✗ 1, 2, 3, 4
- NZGamer 1
- Official Dreamcast Magazine (UK, USA) ✓ 1
- Official Nintendo Magazine/Nintendo Official Magazine (NOM) (UK, USA, Australia) ✓ 1, 2, 3, 4
- Official PlayStation Magazine (OPM)/Playstation Magazine (PSM)/PlayStation: The Official Magazine (PTOM) (Norway, UK, USA) ✓ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
- Official PlayStation 2 Magazine (Australia, Poland, UK) ✓ 1
- Official Xbox Magazine (UK, USA) ✓ 1
- Official Xbox 360 Magazine/Xbox 360 - Das offiziele Xbox-Magazin (Germany)
- Offworld !!! 1
- OMGN.com 1, 2
- OnRPG ✗ 1
- OpenCritic 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
- Original Sound Version ✓ 1
- OuyaCentral.TV ✗ 1
- PAL Gaming Network (PALGN) ✓ 1, 2
- PC Accelerator 1
- PC Arena - Game Arena 1
- PC Format (UK) ✓ 1
- PC Gameplay (DE) ✓ 1
- PC Gamer (Brazil, Netherlands, Sweden, UK, USA) ✓ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
- PC Games (Germany, USA) 1
- PCGamesN 1
- PC Magazine (PCMag.com) ✓ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
- PC Player (Brazil, Denmark, Germany) 1
- PC PowerPlay (Australia) ✓ 1, 2
- PC World 1, 2, 3, 4
- PC Zone (Benelux, USA) ✓ 1
- Pelit (Finland) ✓ 1, 2, 3
- Penny Arcade Report ✓ 1
- PiQ 1
- Play (Poland, UK, USA) ✓ 1, 2
- Playr (UK) 1
- Playstation 2 Magazine (PSM2) (UK) 1
- Playstation 3 Magazine (PSM3) (UK) 1, 2
- PlayStation Blog ✓ 1, 2, 3
- PlayStation Lifestyle ✗ 1, 2
- Play This Thing ✗ 1, 2
- Play Time (Germany) ✓ 1
- play.tm (Ferrago Ltd.) 1
- Pocket Gamer (UK, USA) ✓ 1, 2
- Pocket Tactics 1
- Polygon ✓ 1, 2, 3
- Power Unlimited (Netherlands) ✓ 1
- Practical Webdesign 1
- Pregaming 1
- Przygodówki (Poland) ✗ 1, 2
- PSPSex.Net ✗ 1
- PSX Extreme 1
- Push Square ✓ 1
- Quandary ✗ 1
- Rakrent/RTSC ✗ 1
- Remeshed 1
- Reset (Poland) ✓ 1, 2
- Retro Gamer ✓ (UK, Italy) 1, 2
- Retro Magazine
- Rev3Games 1, 2
- Reviews on the Run 1, 2
- Rock, Paper, Shotgun ✓ 1, 2
- RPGamer ✓ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
- RPG Codex 1
- RPGDOT 1
- RPGFan ✓ 1, 2, 3
- RPG Land 1
- RPGnet/RPG.net 1
- RPG Site ✓ 1
- RPG Vault ✓ 1
- RPGWatch 1, 2
- SBNation ✓ 1
- SciFi.com 1
- Screwattack ✗ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
- Secret Service / New S Service (Poland) ✓ 1, 2
- Sega-16.com !!! 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
- SegaNerds ✗ 1
- Sega Saturn Magazine ✓ 1
- Shacknews ✓ 1, 2, 3, 4
- Shoryuken ✗ 1, 2
- Siliconera ✓ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
- Sinclair User ✓ 1
- SKOAR! (India) ✓ 1
- Smashboards ✗ 1
- Softonic 1
- Softpedia !!! 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
- Speedrun.com 1
- SPOnG 1, 2
- Sports Gaming Network ✓ 1
- Square Enix Music Online !!! 1
- StrategyCore 1
- Strategy Gaming Online ✓ 1
- Strategy Informer 1, 2
- Strategy Plus ✓ 1
- Stratos Group ✓ 1
- SucksOrRules.com 1
- Suikosource.com ✗ 1
- Super Play (UK) ✓ 1
- Świat Gier Komputerowych (Poland) ✓ 1, 2
- Tacticular Cancer ✗ 1
- Tales of the Rampant Coyote 1
- Tapscape ✗ 1
- Tea Leaves 1, 2
- TeamXbox ✓ 1, 2
- Tech Crunch 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
- TechRaptor ✗ 1
- That Guy with the Glasses (TGWTG) ✗ 1
- That Video Game Blog 1
- TheMushroomKingdom !!! 1 ✗
- TheScore 1
- TheSixthAxis ✗ 1, 2, 3
- Thunderbolt Games 1, 2
- Time (Magazine) ✓ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
- Times Online 1, 2
- Tiny Cartridge 1
- Tom's Games 1
- Top Secret (Poland) ✓ 1, 2
- TopTenReviews ✗ 1, 2, 3, 4
- TotalVideoGames (TVG) 1
- TouchArcade ✓ 1, 2, 3
- TwoDashStash ✗ 1
- TV.com ✗ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
- TVTropes ✗ 1
- UnderGroundOnline (UGO Networks) ✓ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
- UOL Jogos (Brazil) 1, 2
- USA Today ✓ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
- USGamer ✓ 1, 2
- Valhalla ✗ 1, 2
- Valkiria - Arena Gier (Poland) ✗ 1, 2
- Vandal Online 1
- Velikij Drakon (Великий Дракон, Russia) ✓ 1
- VentureBeat/GamesBeat ✓ 1, 2
- VG247 ✓ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
- VGChartz ✗ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
- vgmdb.net ✗ (user-generated database)
- VGReleases.com ✗ 1
- VGrevolution ✗ 1
- Vicio Juegos ✗ 1
- Video Game Critic, The ✗ 1, 2, 3, 4
- Video Game PriceCharts.com ✗ 1
- VideoGamer.com ✓ 1
- Video Game Rebirth 1
- Video Games Blogger (videogamesblogger.com) ✗ 1
- VideoGames & Computer Entertainment 1
- Virtual Console Reviews 1
- V Jump (Japan) 1
- Voodoo Extreme (VE3D) ✓ 1, 2
- Warcry 1
- Wargamer.com ✓ 1
- WatchMojo.com ✗ 1
- Wikia ✗ 1, 2, 3
- Wikipedia ✗ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
- Wired ✓ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
- WomenGamers.com !!! 1, 2
- WorldsInMotion ✓ 1
- Worth Playing ✗ 1, 2
- XBLA Fans !!! 1, 2, 3, 4
- Xbox.com !!! 1
- X-Play ✓ 1, 2
- Yahoo! Games (Spain, USA) 1, 2
- Your Sinclair ✓ 1
- YouTube ✗ 1
- Zelda Informer ✗ 1, 2
- ZTGameDomain (ZTGD) ✗ 1, 2, 3
- Zzap! 64 1