Jubail
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| Jubail الجبيل |
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  Jubail
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| Coordinates: 27°0′N 49°40′E / 27°N 49.667°E | |
| Country |  Saudi Arabia |
| Province | Eastern Province |
| Population (2009) | |
| - Total | 150,367 |
| Time zone | AST (UTC+3) |
Jubail (Arabic: "الجبيل" Al Jubayl), is a city in the Eastern province on the Persian Gulf coast of Saudi Arabia. It consists of the Old Town of Al Jubail, which was originally a small fishing village, up to 1975 and the new industrial area.
In 1975, Jubail was designated as a site for a new industrial city by the Saudi government, and has seen rapid expansion and industrialization since. The new Industrial City and residential areas were named Madīnat al Jubayl aṣ Ṣinā`īyah (Jubail Industrial City). The Seventh Census Report for Jubail Industrial City, prepared in 2009, gives a resident population of 150,367.
The industrial city is the largest industrial complex of its kind in the world and consists of petrochemical plants,fertilzer plants, steel works, industrial port and a huge number support industries. There is also the Royal Saudi Naval Base plus a separate Commercial Port and Military Air Base. It holds the Middle East's largest and the world's 4th largest petrochemical company, SABIC. Jubail is home to the world's largest seawater desalination plant. It provides 50% of the country's drinking water through desalination of seawater from the Persian Gulf.
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[edit] History
The town of Al-Jubail on the Persian Gulf coast of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has ancient roots. Human habitation dates back at least 7,000 years when the people of Dilmun - whose civilization radiated up and down the Persian Gulf - established a settlement there. The first human settler might have been encouraged to stay by the site’s fine natural harbor and the abundance of fish and pearl oysters just offshore. More importantly, the presence of potable water wells near the town ensured the continued viability of human settlement.
Rebuilt by Al-Khater tribe during late 1800s early 1900s by the brothers (Sheikh Abdulla Bin Ali Al-Khater , Sheikh Isa Bin Ali Al-Khater and Sheikh Mohammed Bin Ali Al-Khater ) whom their fathers use to live in Jubail centuries ago before the tribe moved to Qatar in the 1200s. In September 1933, Jubail gained a measure of fame as the landing site for the first team of geologists to explore for oil in Saudi Arabia. In 1983, Jubail staked an even greater claim to fame, as the Jubail industrial city project was cited in the Guinness Book of Records as the largest engineering and construction project ever built.
Bechtel began work on the Jubail Industrial City project more than 30 years ago and is still working in Jubail now. In fact, Jubail is the largest ongoing civil engineering project in the world today. It also stands as one of the greatest achievements of Bechtel, its employees, and families who worked and lived there. Bechtel has managed the Jubail project since it began in the mid-1970s, and in 2004, the Royal Commission for Jubail and Yanbu asked the company to manage Jubail II, a $3.8 billion expansion of the city’s industrial and residential areas.
Jubail is a complete city, with all the industry, infrastructure, housing, shopping, educational and medical facilities required to support its present population of almost 100,000 people. Saudi Arabian Bechtel Company (SABCO) performs ongoing engineering, procurement and construction management. Jubail II will add a second industrial area to house up to 22 new primary industries. The project calls for the expansion of King Fahd Industrial Port, pipeline refurbishment, increasing capacity of the cooling system, and new desalination plants.
Today, the former stretch of sand dunes and salt flats north of Old Jubail is called Jubail Industrial City, Saudi Arabia’s and the worlds biggest industrial center, host to more than 160 industrial enterprises and home to almost 170,000 full-time residents.
[edit] Transportation
[edit] Airport
Although Jubail has three small airports; Jubail Airport, Abu Ali Airport, and one in King Abdulaziz Naval Base, none of them is for public use. The city is being served by King Fahd International Airport which is 50 km to the south.
[edit] Highway
Jubail is directly connected with other cities by two major highways; the Dhahran-Jubail Highway and Abu Hadriyah Highway.
[edit] Railway
A branch of the Saudi Landbridge Project railway is proposed to connect to Jubail.
[edit] Seaport
There are two seaports in Jubail; Jubail Commercial Seaport and King Fahd Industrial Seaport.
[edit] Tourism
Currently, the only international hotel chain located in the city is the Al-Jubail InterContinental Hotel.
In 2011, a new HolidayInn is to be opened.
[edit] References
- FallingRain Map - elevation = 1m
- On-line video about Jubail at: www.bechtel.co.uk/Jubail
- Jubail job-opportunities at: www.bechtel.co.uk/Jubail
- Royal Commission for Jubail and Yanbu: www.rcjy.gov.sa
- ISG School in Jubail: www.isg-jubail.org
- Al-Hussan School in Jubail: www.alhussan.edu.sa
- InterContinental Hotels Group: [1]
- International Indian School Al Jubail:[2]
Coordinates: 27°00′N 49°40′E / 27°N 49.667°E
[edit] External links
- Jubail Portal
- Royal Commission for Jubail and Yanbu
- General information on Al Jubayl
- Jubail City - Article about master planning the Jubail New Industrial City
- Pictures of a possibly Nestorian church excavated in Jubail
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