Phenylethylidenehydrazine

Phenylethylidenehydrazine
Clinical data
ATC code	none;
Legal status
Legal status	In general: uncontrolled;
Pharmacokinetic data
Elimination half-life	~12 hours
Identifiers
	IUPAC name (1E)-(2-Phenylethylidene)hydrazine;
CAS Number	29443-41-2;
PubChem CID	10103216;
ChemSpider	8278744;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID20435557 ;
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C8H10N2
Molar mass	134.18 g/mol g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
	SMILES N/N=C/CC1=CC=CC=C1;

Phenylethylidenehydrazine (PEH) is an inhibitor of the enzyme GABA transaminase (GABA-T).^[1]^[2] It is a metabolite of the antidepressant phenelzine and is responsible for its elevation of GABA concentrations.^[1] PEH likely plays a significant role in phenelzine's high efficacy in treating anxiety disorders.

References

^ ^a ^b Parent MB, Master S, Kashlub S, Baker GB (January 2002). "Effects of the antidepressant/antipanic drug phenelzine and its putative metabolite phenylethylidenehydrazine on extracellular gamma-aminobutyric acid levels in the striatum". Biochemical Pharmacology. 63 (1): 57–64. doi:10.1016/S0006-2952(01)00856-5. PMID 11754874.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ Duffy S, Nguyen PV, Baker GB (2004). "Phenylethylidenehydrazine, a novel GABA-transaminase inhibitor, reduces epileptiform activity in rat hippocampal slices". Neuroscience. 126 (2): 423–32. doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2004.03.007. PMID 15207360.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[pmid11754874-1] Parent MB, Master S, Kashlub S, Baker GB (January 2002). "Effects of the antidepressant/antipanic drug phenelzine and its putative metabolite phenylethylidenehydrazine on extracellular gamma-aminobutyric acid levels in the striatum". Biochemical Pharmacology. 63 (1): 57–64. doi:10.1016/S0006-2952(01)00856-5. PMID 11754874.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[pmid15207360-2] Duffy S, Nguyen PV, Baker GB (2004). "Phenylethylidenehydrazine, a novel GABA-transaminase inhibitor, reduces epileptiform activity in rat hippocampal slices". Neuroscience. 126 (2): 423–32. doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2004.03.007. PMID 15207360.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[1]

[2]

v t e Anxiolytics (N05B)
5-HT_1ARTooltip 5-HT1A receptor agonists	Buspirone Gepirone Tandospirone
GABA_ARTooltip GABAA receptor PAMsTooltip positive allosteric modulators	Benzodiazepines: Adinazolam Alprazolam Bromazepam Camazepam Chlordiazepoxide Clobazam Clonazepam Clorazepate Clotiazepam Cloxazolam Diazepam^# Ethyl loflazepate Etizolam Fludiazepam Halazepam Ketazolam Lorazepam^# Medazepam Nordazepam Oxazepam Pinazepam Prazepam; Others: Alpidem^‡ Barbiturates (e.g., phenobarbital) Carbamates (e.g., meprobamate) Carisoprodol Chlormezanone^‡ Ethanol (alcohol) Etifoxine
Hypnotics	Zopiclone
Gabapentinoids (α₂δ VDCC blockers)	Gabapentin Gabapentin enacarbil Phenibut Pregabalin
Antidepressants	SSRIsTooltip Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (e.g., escitalopram) SNRIsTooltip Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (e.g., duloxetine) SARIsTooltip Serotonin antagonist and reuptake inhibitors (e.g., trazodone) TCAsTooltip Tricyclic antidepressants (e.g., clomipramine^#) TeCAsTooltip Tetracyclic antidepressants (e.g., mirtazapine) MAOIsTooltip Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (e.g., phenelzine); Others: Agomelatine Bupropion Tianeptine Vilazodone Vortioxetine
Antipsychotics	Quetiapine Flupentixol
Sympatholytics (Antiadrenergics)	Alpha-1 blockers (e.g., prazosin) Alpha-2 agonists (e.g., clonidine, dexmedetomidine, guanfacine) Beta blockers (e.g., propranolol)
Others	Benzoctamine Cycloserine Fabomotizole Hydroxyzine Lorpiprazole Mebicar Mepiprazole Nicotine Opipramol Oxaflozane^‡ Phenaglycodol Phenibut Picamilon Selank Tiagabine Tofisopam Validolum
^#WHO-EM ^‡Withdrawn from market Clinical trials: ^†Phase III ^§Never to phase III

See also

References