Soyuz TM-13

Soyuz TM-13
Mission insignia
Mission statistics
Mission name	Soyuz TM-13
Spacecraft mass	7150 kg
Crew size	3
Call sign	Донба́сс (Donbass
Launch date	October 2, 1991 05:59:38 UTC Gagarin's Start
Landing	March 25, 1992 08:51:22 UTC near Dzhezkazgan
Mission duration	175 days 02 hours 51 minutes 44 seconds
Number of orbits	~2,730
Apogee	232 km
Perigee	195 km
Orbital period	92.4 minutes
Orbital inclination	51.7°
Related missions
Previous mission Subsequent mission Soyuz TM-12 Soyuz TM-14

Crew

Position	Launching Crew	Landing Crew
Commander	/  Alexander Volkov Third spaceflight
Research Cosmonaut/Flight Engineer	/  Toktar Aubakirov First spaceflight	Sergei Krikalev Second spaceflight
Research Cosmonaut	Franz Viehböck First spaceflight	Klaus-Dietrich Flade First spaceflight

Mission highlights

13th expedition to Mir. Included astronaut from Austria and cosmonaut from soon to be independent Kazakhstan.

Soyuz-TM 13 carried Austrian cosmonaut-researcher Franz Viehböck and still Soviet-Kazakh cosmonaut-researcher Toktar Aubakirov. The flight was unusual for carrying no flight engineer. Veteran Russian cosmonaut Alexandr Volkov commanded. The Austrians paid $7 million to fly Viehböck to Mir, and the Kazakh cosmonaut flew partly in an effort to encourage newly independent Kazakhstan to continue to permit launchings from Baikonur Cosmodrome. The cosmonaut-researchers photographed their respective countries from orbit and conducted the usual range of materials processing and medical experiments. Artsebarsky traded places with Volkov and returned to Earth in Soyuz TM-12.

Spent 175 days docked to Mir.

Krikalev, aka "the last Citizen of the USSR ", launched from the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic within the USSR, and landed in the independent Republic of Kazakhstan.