Wind power in Indiana was limited to a few small water-pumping windmills on farms until 2008 with construction of Indiana's first utility-scale wind power facility, Goodland (phase I) with a nameplate capacity of 130 MW. In 2009, three more wind farms opened: Fowler Ridge (phases I and II), Meadow Lake (phase I), and Hoosier. As of 30 September 2010 (2010-09-30)[update], Indiana had a total of 1238 MW of wind power capacity installed,[1] ranking it tenth among U.S. states, with more under construction or in planning. The main utility-scale development to that point had been in the northwest part of the state in Benton, White, and Jasper Counties. Fowler Ridge phase III should be completed later in 2010, to give a final nameplate capacity of 750 MW, making Fowler Ridge the Midwest's largest wind farm, and one of the largest in the world. Phases II-VI at Meadow Lake, when complete, will make Meadow Lake even larger at 1000 MW.[2]
Installed capacity and wind resources [edit]
The following table compares the growth in wind power installed nameplate capacity in MW for Indiana and the entire United States since 1999.[1]
| Year |
Indiana |
US |
| 1999 |
0 |
2,500 |
| 2000 |
0 |
2,554 |
| 2001 |
0 |
4,275 |
| 2002 |
0 |
4,685 |
| 2003 |
0 |
6,370 |
| 2004 |
0 |
6,725 |
| 2005 |
0 |
9,149 |
| 2006 |
0 |
11,603 |
| 2007 |
0 |
16,819 |
| 2008 |
130.5 |
25,170 |
| 2009 |
1035.95 |
35,159 |
| 2010 |
1238.45 |
40,180 |
| 2011 |
1340 |
46,919 |
|
|
Average annual wind power density map for Indiana at 50m above ground
|
On February 11, 2010, the National Renewable Energy Laboratory released the first comprehensive update of the wind energy potential by state since 1993, showing that Indiana had potential to install up to 148 GW of onshore wind power nameplate capacity, generating 443 TWh annually.[3][4] For comparison, Indiana consumed 106.549 TWh of electricity in 2005;[5] the entire U.S. wind power industry was producing at an annual rate of approximately 50 TWh at the end of 2008; and Three Gorges Dam (the world's largest electricity-generating station) produced an average of 80 TWh/yr in 2008 and 2009.
Indiana also has some offshore wind resources in the shallows of Lake Michigan along its shoreline.[6][7][8] However, offshore wind power development is far behind onshore development in the United States generally, because onshore development is cheaper and the United States has an abundance of suitable onshore sites to develop. Indiana has no offshore wind farms as of 2013.
Wind generation [edit]
Indiana Wind Generation in 2011
 |
| Indiana Wind Generation (GWh, Million kWh) |
| Year |
Total |
Jan |
Feb |
Mar |
Apr |
May |
Jun |
Jul |
Aug |
Sept |
Oct |
Nov |
Dec |
| 2009 |
1,403 |
49 |
109 |
133 |
161 |
94 |
69 |
43 |
64 |
45 |
145 |
220 |
272 |
| 2010 |
2,934 |
271 |
187 |
224 |
316 |
220 |
156 |
119 |
90 |
246 |
342 |
396 |
364 |
| 2011 |
3,289 |
315 |
391 |
377 |
429 |
270 |
204 |
82 |
84 |
164 |
246 |
432 |
295 |
| 2012 |
|
416 |
307 |
374 |
386 |
212 |
185 |
113 |
94 |
162 |
324 |
234 |
|
Source:[9][10]
Wind farms [edit]
The following table of wind farms and utility-scale wind power developments uses data from the AWEA,[1] the State of Indiana,[11] and other sources. For the larger projects constructed in phases, the table lists separate information for each phase. The name of each wind farm is the name used by the energy company when referring to the farm. The Wind Farm suffix is implied and hence removed for brevity. For more details and references for each wind farm, see its article.
| Wind farm |
County(s) |
Turbine model |
Power per turbine (MW) |
No. of Turbines |
Total Nameplate capacity (MW) |
Online |
Developer |
Operator |
Power purchaser |
Coordinates |
Website |
Notes |
| Benton County phase I |
Benton |
GE sl/sle Gen4 |
1.5 |
87 |
130.5 |
2008-04 |
Orion |
Orion |
Duke, Vectren |
40°41′10″N 87°24′29″W / 40.686°N 87.408°W / 40.686; -87.408 ("Benton County Wind Farm phase I") |
|
|
| Fowler Ridge phase I Vestas |
Benton |
Vestas V82 |
1.65 |
182 |
300.3 |
2009-04 |
BP, Dominion |
BP, Dominion |
AEP, Dominion |
40°36′29″N 87°19′12″W / 40.608°N 87.320°W / 40.608; -87.320 ("Fowler Ridge Wind Farm phase I Vestas") |
|
|
| Fowler Ridge phase I Clipper |
Benton |
Clipper 2.5 |
2.5 |
40 |
100 |
2009-04 |
BP, Dominion |
BP, Dominion |
AEP, Dominion |
40°36′29″N 87°19′12″W / 40.608°N 87.320°W / 40.608; -87.320 ("Fowler Ridge Wind Farm phase I Clipper") |
|
|
| Fowler Ridge phase II |
Benton |
GE sl/sle Gen4 |
1.5 |
133 |
199.5 |
2009-12 |
BP, Dominion |
BP, Dominion |
AEP, Vectren |
40°36′29″N 87°19′12″W / 40.608°N 87.320°W / 40.608; -87.320 ("Fowler Ridge Wind Farm phase II") |
|
|
| Hoosier |
Benton |
REpower |
2 |
53 |
106 |
2009-08 |
IPL, enXco |
IPL, enXco |
IPL |
40°36′N 87°19′W / 40.6°N 87.32°W / 40.6; -87.32 ("Hoosier Wind Farm") |
|
|
| Meadow Lake phase I |
White |
Vestas V82 |
1.65 |
121 |
199.65 |
2009-08 |
Horizon Wind Energy |
Horizon Wind Energy |
AEP, wholesale market |
40°36′04″N 86°51′54″W / 40.601°N 86.865°W / 40.601; -86.865 ("Meadow Lake Wind Farm phase I") |
|
|
| Meadow Lake phase II |
White |
Acciona |
1.5 |
66 |
99 |
2010 |
Horizon Wind Energy |
Horizon Wind Energy |
|
40°36′04″N 86°51′54″W / 40.601°N 86.865°W / 40.601; -86.865 ("Meadow Lake Wind Farm phase II") |
|
|
| Meadow Lake phase III |
White |
GE |
1.5 |
69 |
103.5 |
2010 |
Horizon Wind Energy |
Horizon Wind Energy |
|
40°36′04″N 86°51′54″W / 40.601°N 86.865°W / 40.601; -86.865 ("Meadow Lake Wind Farm phase III") |
|
|
| Prairie Breeze |
Tipton |
|
1.6 |
94 |
150 |
|
Juwi |
|
|
40°21′40″N 86°09′07″W / 40.361°N 86.152°W / 40.361; -86.152 ("Prairie Breeze Wind Farm") |
http://www.prairiebreezewindfarm.com/ |
Approved |
| Union City/Randolph Eastern School Corporation |
Randolph |
Nordic Windpower |
1 |
2 |
2 |
2010-02 |
Performance Services |
Union City, Randolph Eastern School Corporation |
AEP |
40°12′04″N 84°48′54″W / 40.201°N 84.815°W / 40.201; -84.815 ("Union City/Randolph Eastern School Corporation") |
|
|
| Wildcat phase I |
Madison, Tipton |
GE |
1.6 |
125 |
200 |
2012-10 |
E.ON |
E.ON |
AEP |
40°21′07″N 85°52′55″W / 40.352°N 85.882°W / 40.352; -85.882 ("Wildcat Wind Farm phase I") |
|
|
| Wildcat phase II |
Grant, Howard |
|
|
40-60 |
|
|
E.ON |
|
|
40°28′48″N 85°51′36″W / 40.480°N 85.860°W / 40.480; -85.860 ("Wildcat Wind Farm phase II") |
|
Proposed 2013 |
|
| Wildcat phase III |
Tipton |
|
|
40-75 |
|
|
E.ON |
|
|
|
|
Proposed 2013 |
|
| Wildcat phase IV |
Tipton |
|
|
|
|
|
E.ON |
|
|
|
|
Proposed 2013 |
| Total |
|
|
18 |
Red |
1590.45 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Single-unit turbines [edit]
In addition to the above wind farms, single stand-alone units have also been built in five other locations, mostly at schools. Some of these units were placed to test the environment for future wind energy development.[12][13][14]
Environmental impact [edit]
According to the USDOE, each 1000 MW of wind power capacity installed in Indiana will annually save 1,684 million gallons of water and eliminate 3.1 million tons of carbon dioxide emissions.[15]
For comparison, Indiana emitted a total of 230,830,000 metric tons of carbon dioxide in 2007.[16][17]
As of March 2010[update] Indiana lacked a renewable energy standard, unlike several other midwestern states: Ohio, Illinois, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri and Iowa.[18] Nevertheless, Indiana's wind power development had outpaced that of Ohio and Michigan.
See also [edit]
References [edit]
- ^ a b c "U.S. Wind Energy Projects - Indiana". American Wind Energy Association. 2010-09-30. Retrieved 2011-03-07.
- ^ "Meadow Lake Update" (PDF). Horizon Wind Energy. 2009-07-15. Retrieved 2010-03-16. [dead link]
- ^ "Estimates of Windy Land Area and Wind Energy Potential by State for Areas >= 30% Capacity Factor at 80m" (XLS). National Renewable Energy Laboratory. 2010-02-04. Retrieved 2010-03-13.
- ^ "Indiana Wind Activities". National Renewable Energy Laboratory. 2010-02-19. Retrieved 2010-03-13.
- ^ "Electric Power and Renewable Energy in Indiana". USDOE, EERE. 2008-06-25. Retrieved 2010-03-13.
- ^ Bradley, David (2004-02-06). "A Great Potential: The Great Lakes as a Regional Renewable Energy Source". Archived from the original on 2009-03-25. Retrieved 2008-10-04. [dead link]
- ^ "Great Lakes eyed for offshore wind farms". MSNBC, Associated Press. 2008-10-31. Retrieved 2008-11-14.
- ^ "Momentum Grows for Great Lakes Offshore Wind". NewEnergyNews. 2008-10-31. Retrieved 2008-11-15.
- ^ EIA (July 27, 2012). "Electric Power Monthly Table 1.17.A.". United States Department of Energy. Retrieved 2012-08-15.
- ^ EIA (July 27, 2012). "Electric Power Monthly Table 1.17.B.". United States Department of Energy. Retrieved 2012-08-15.
- ^ "Indiana Office of Energy Development - Wind Power". IN.gov - Official Website of the State of Indiana. Retrieved 2010-03-23.
- ^ ams.confex.com/ams/pdfpapers/91911.pdf
- ^ http://www.insideindianabusiness.com/newsitem.asp?ID=39751
- ^ http://www.taylor.edu/sciencecomplex/about/wind-turbines.shtml
- ^ Lantz, Eric; Tegen, Suzanne (May 2008). "Economic Benefits, Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Emissions Reductions, and Water Conservation Benefits from 1,000 Megawatts (MW) of New Wind Power in Indiana" (PDF, 503kB). EERE, NREL. Retrieved 2010-03-17.
- ^ http://www.epa.gov/climatechange/emissions/downloads/CO2FFC_2007.pdf
- ^ http://www.epa.gov/climatechange/emissions/downloads/CO2FFC_2007.xls
- ^ Slabaugh, Seth (2010-01-11). "Indiana not promoting wind energy like its neighbors". Retrieved 2010-03-23.
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Coal-fired
generating stations |
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| Oil-fired peaking stations |
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| Attempted nuclear plants |
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| Utility companies |
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| Wind power by state |
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| Large wind farms |
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| Wind power companies |
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| Politics and law |
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| Energy by state |
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Operating
Under construction
Proposed
Stand Alone Facilities
Canceled or decommissioned
