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| birth_name = Amy Vivian Coney
| birth_name = Amy Vivian Coney
| birth_date = {{Birth year and age|1972}}
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1972|1|28}}
| birth_place = [[New Orleans]], [[Louisiana]], U.S.
| birth_place = [[New Orleans]], [[Louisiana]], U.S.
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Revision as of 03:44, 19 September 2020

Amy Coney Barrett
Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit
Assumed office
November 2, 2017
Appointed byDonald Trump
Preceded byJohn Daniel Tinder
Personal details
Born
Amy Vivian Coney

(1972-01-28) January 28, 1972 (age 52)
New Orleans, Louisiana, U.S.
EducationRhodes College (BA)
University of Notre Dame (JD)
SpouseJesse M. Barrett
Academic work
DisciplineJurisprudence
InstitutionsUniversity of Notre Dame
WebsiteNotre Dame Law Biography

Amy Coney Barrett (born 1972)[1][2] is a United States Circuit Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit. Barrett is the first and only woman to occupy an Indiana seat on the Seventh Circuit Court of Appeals. Described as an "originalist" and a "textualist," Barrett's judicial philosophy has been likened to that of her mentor and former boss, Antonin Scalia.[3] Barrett's scholarship focuses on originalism, statutory interpretation, and stare decisis.[4] As a federal judge, she continues to teach statutory interpretation at Notre Dame Law School.

Barrett was nominated to the Seventh Circuit Court of Appeals by President Donald Trump in May 2017 and confirmed by the Senate later that year. Before her confirmation to the federal bench, she was a professor of law at Notre Dame Law School, where she taught civil procedure, constitutional law, and statutory interpretation.[2][5][6] Shortly after her confirmation to the Seventh Circuit Court of Appeals in 2017, Barrett was added to Trump's list of potential Supreme Court nominees.[7] She is widely considered the front-runner for the Supreme Court vacancy following the death of Ruth Bader Ginsburg.[8][9][10][11][12]

Early life, education, and career

Barrett was born and raised in New Orleans. She was the oldest of seven children, with five sisters and a brother. Her father, Michael Coney, worked as an attorney for Shell Oil Company; her mother was a homemaker. Her maternal grandfather, Bobby Vath, fought in World War II. During his Navy tour, he wrote close to 700 letters to Barrett's maternal grandmother, Jeanne Daste. A selection of those letters was published in a private family memoir, The Sea Bag: Hurricane Katrina and a Love Revealed.[13]

In 1990 Barrett graduated from St. Mary's Dominican High School, where she was vice president of the student body.[14] She played piano until she graduated from high school. In 1994, Barrett graduated magna cum laude with a Bachelor of Arts in English literature from Rhodes College, where she was a Phi Beta Kappa member.[15] She then attended Notre Dame Law School as a Kiley Fellow (a full-tuition scholarship). At Notre Dame, Barrett served as an executive editor of the Notre Dame Law Review. In 1997, she graduated first in her class, which earned her the Hoynes Prize, the Law School's highest honor.[16]

After graduating from law school, Barrett served as a law clerk to Judge Laurence Silberman of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit.[17] She then spent a year as a clerk to Associate Justice Antonin Scalia of the Supreme Court of the United States.[17] During both clerkships, she was the only female law clerk. From 1999 to 2002, she practiced law at Miller, Cassidy, Larroca & Lewin in Washington, D.C..[18][19] After her time in private practice, Barrett served as a visiting associate professor and John M. Olin Fellow in Law at the George Washington University Law School for a year before returning to her alma mater, Notre Dame Law School.[4]

Teaching and scholarship

In 2002, Barrett returned to Notre Dame Law School to teach federal courts, constitutional law, and statutory interpretation. Barrett was named a Professor of Law in 2010, and from 2014 to 2017 held the Diane and M.O. Miller Research Chair of Law.[20] Her scholarship focuses on constitutional law, originalism, statutory interpretation, and stare decisis.[16] Her academic work has been published in journals such as the Columbia, Cornell, Virginia, Notre Dame, and Texas Law Reviews.[4] Some of her most significant publications are Suspension and Delegation, 99 Cornell L. Rev. 251 (2014),[21] Precedent and Jurisprudential Disagreement, 91 Tex. L. Rev. 1711 (2013),[22]The Supervisory Power of the Supreme Court, 106 Colum. L. Rev. 101 (2006),[23] and Stare Decisis and Due Process, 74 U. Colo. L. Rev. 1011 (2003).[24]

At Notre Dame, Barrett received the "distinguished professor of the year" award three times.[4] She taught Constitutional Law, Civil Procedure, Evidence, Federal Courts, Constitutional Theory Seminar, and Statutory Interpretation Seminar.[4] Barrett has continued to teach seminars as a sitting judge.[25] In July 2018, after Barrett's name was floated as a potential Supreme Court nominee, several of her former students spoke to the media, praising Barrett as a professor and mentor. One former student called her "always approachable," another "remarkably fair-minded."[26]

Federal judicial service

Nomination and confirmation

President Donald Trump nominated Barrett on May 8, 2017, to serve as a United States Circuit Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit, to the seat vacated by Judge John Daniel Tinder, who took senior status on February 18, 2015.[27][28]

Judge Silberman, swearing in Judge Barrett at her investiture.

A hearing on Barrett's nomination before the Senate Judiciary Committee was held on September 6, 2017.[29] During Barrett's hearing, Democratic Senator Dianne Feinstein questioned Barrett about whether her Catholic faith would influence her decision-making on the court. Worried that Barrett would not uphold Roe v. Wade given her Catholic beliefs, Feinstein followed Barrett's response by saying, "the dogma lives loudly within you, and that is a concern".[30][31][32][33] In response to Feinstein's remark, the conservative Judicial Crisis Network began to sell mugs with Barrett's photo and the Feinstein "dogma" quote.[34] Feinstein's line of questioning was criticized by some observers and legal experts[35][36] and defended by others.[37] The issue prompted questions about the application of Article VI, Section 3 of the U.S. Constitution, which reads: "No religious test shall ever be required as a qualification to any office or public trust under the United States."[38][39][35][36][37] During her hearing, Barrett said, "It is never appropriate for a judge to impose that judge's personal convictions, whether they arise from faith or anywhere else, on the law."[35]

Democratic Senator Dick Durbin asked Barrett whether she was an "orthodox Catholic" and criticized her prior use of the term, saying it "unfairly maligns Catholics who do not hold certain positions about abortion or the death penalty."[39] Throughout the hearing, Barrett was heavily criticized by Democratic senators for a law review article she co-wrote with Professor John Garvey as a law student. According to Barrett, that “article addressed a very narrow question” of how a “conscientious objector to the death penalty who was a trial judge would proceed if the law required that judge to enter an order of execution.” The article concluded that the trial judge should recuse herself instead of entering the order. At the hearing, several Democratic senators pointed to that article to argue that Barrett would be willing to put her faith above her judicial duties. Barrett defended herself by noting that she had participated in many death-penalty appeals while serving as law clerk to Scalia. She also said, “My personal church affiliation or my religious belief would not bear on the discharge of my duties as a judge.”[40] (Several years after her confirmation, Judge Barrett voted to clear the way for the first federal execution in 17 years.)[41]

Several Republican senators came to Barrett's defense,[42] including Chuck Grassley, who said, "Professor Barrett is a brilliant legal scholar who has earned the respect of colleagues and students from across the political spectrum. She's also a committed Roman Catholic and has spoken passionately about the role that her faith plays in her life. This isn't inconsistent with being a federal judge."[43]

On October 5, 2017, the Senate Judiciary Committee voted 11–9 on party lines to recommend Barrett and report her nomination to the full Senate.[44][45] On October 30, the Senate invoked cloture by a vote of 54–42.[46] The Senate confirmed her by a vote of 55–43 on October 31, with three Democrats—Joe Donnelly, Tim Kaine, and Joe Manchin—voting for her.[15] She received her commission on November 2.[2] Barrett was the first woman confirmed to the federal bench during Trump's presidency.[47]

Notable cases

Title IX

Doe v. Purdue University, 928 F.3d 652 (7th Cir. 2019).[48] In a Barrett-authored opinion, the court found in favor of a male student found guilty of sexual assault by Purdue University, which resulted in a one-year suspension, loss of his Navy ROTC scholarship, and expulsion from the ROTC affecting his ability to pursue his chosen career in the Navy. Doe alleged the school's Advisory Committee on Equity discriminated against him on the basis of his sex and violated his rights to due process by not interviewing the alleged victim, not allowing him to present evidence in his defense, including an erroneous statement that he confessed to some of the alleged assault, and appearing to believe the victim instead of the accused without hearing from either party or having even read the investigation report.[49] The court found that Doe had adequately alleged that he was deprived of his occupational liberty without due process and that he had possibly been discriminated against on the basis of sex. The case was remanded to the District Court for further proceedings.[50]

Immigration

In Cook County v. Wolf, No. 19-3169,[51] Judge Barrett wrote a 40-page dissent, disagreeing with the majority's decision to uphold a preliminary injunction on the Trump administration’s controversial "public charge" rule.[52] The rule heightens the standard for obtaining a green card and has been heavily criticized as causing immigrants to disenroll from government benefits. Judge Barrett began her dissent by explaining that the disenrollment, although well-documented, is caused by confusion surrounding the rule—not the rule itself. As she explained in detail, the vast majority of the people subject to the rule are not eligible for government benefits in the first place. The National Review highlighted this particular aspect of Judge Barrett's dissent, which it described as "powerful."[11] On the merits, Judge Barrett departed from her colleagues, then-Chief Judge Wood and Judge Rovner, who held that DHS’s interpretation of that provision was unreasonable under Chevron Step Two. Judge Barrett concluded that “public charge” under the Immigration and Nationality Act was, in her own words, “a much more capacious term” than the majority’s narrow view—“not only as a matter of history, but also by virtue of the 1996 amendments to the public charge provision.” Therefore, Judge Barrett would have held that the new rule fell within the broad scope of discretion granted to the Executive by Congress. She concluded: “At bottom, the plaintiffs’ objections reflect disagreement with this policy choice and even the statutory exclusion itself. Litigation is not the vehicle for resolving policy disputes.”[53] A few months after the panel published its opinion in Cook County, the Second Circuit also affirmed a similar injunction in a case challenging the same rule; the Fourth Circuit, though, has since split with the Second and Seventh Circuits by vacating the injunction entered against the rule in its jurisdiction.[54] The Fourth Circuit, in an opinion by Judge Wilkinson, quoted Judge Barrett's dissent in Cook County to echo many of the same points.[55]

In Alvarenga-Flores v. Sessions, 901 F.3d 922 (7th Cir. 2018), Judge Barrett authored the majority opinion in a decision denying a request for asylum, withholding of removal, and relief under the Convention Against Torture. She persuasively described that the petitioner sought asylum based on inconsistent testimony about two supposed events that prompted him to leave El Salvador for the United States. The immigration judge, whose findings are afforded great weight under settled precedent, determined that the petitioner was not being truthful. The petitioner also offered incredible evidence about the events when he submitted letters in English from his “non-English-speaking parents” who also lacked “firsthand knowledge.” District Judge Durkin, sitting by designation, dissented by brushing aside the inconsistent testimony and unbelievable evidence, but as Judge Barrett noted, the adverse credibility finding by the immigration judge was supported by the record and, at any rate, that decision did not amount to an extraordinary circumstance necessary to overturn the finding.[56]

Second Amendment

Kanter v. Barr, 919 F.3d 437 (7th Cir. 2019).[57] Barrett wrote a lengthy dissent in favor of gun-ownership rights. The plaintiff was convicted of mail fraud for submitting bills to Medicare for reimbursement for non-compliant therapeutic shoe inserts. Due to his felony conviction, he was not allowed to legally possess a firearm. He challenged this denial and the majority upheld the felony dispossession statutes as "substantially related to an important government interest in preventing gun violence."[57] Barrett dissented, stating that while the government has a legitimate interest in denying gun possession to felons convicted of violent crimes, there is no evidence that denying guns to non-violent felons promotes this interest, and that denying such rights is a violation of the second amendment.[58][59] Highlighting Barrett’s historical and originalist approach, the National Review lauded Barrett’s “impressive” Kanter dissent.[60]

Fourth Amendment

William Rainsberger v. Charles Benner, 913 F.3d 640 (7th Cir. 2019). Barrett wrote the opinion in a case denying summary judgment and qualified immunity to a police detective who knowingly provided false and misleading information in an affidavit. The plaintiff, Rainsberger, was arrested for his own mother's murder based upon the defendant's falsified records used to secure a warrant for the plaintiff's arrest. The court found the defendant's lies and omissions were material to probably cause a clear violation of the plaintiff's Fourth Amendment rights to which the defendant is not eligible for qualified immunity.[61]

United States v. David Watson, 900 F.3d 892 (7th Cir. 2018). Involved police responding to an anonymous tip that people were "playing with guns" in a parking lot. The police arrived and searched the defendant's vehicle, taking possession of two firearms. In a motion to suppress the firearms from the vehicle search, the court found that the police lacked probable cause to search the vehicle based solely upon the tip, where no crime was actually alleged. Writing for the majority, Barrett opined "the police were right to respond to the anonymous call by coming to the parking lot to determine what was happening. But determining what was happening and immediately seizing people upon arrival are two different things, and the latter was premature…Watson's case presents a close call. But this one falls on the wrong side of the Fourth Amendment."[62]

Executive power

Yafai v. Pompeo, 924 F.3d 969 (7th Cir. 2019).[63] A Yemeni citizen, Ahmad, and her husband, a U.S. citizen, sued to challenge a consular officer's decision to twice deny Ahmad’s visa application under the Immigration and Nationality Act. Because the doctrine of consular nonreviewability bars judicial review of visa decisions made by consular officials abroad, judicial review is only permitted when the denial implicates the constitutional rights of an American citizen—and even in that circumstance review is not available if the consular officer's decision was "facially legitimate and bona fide." Yafai, the U.S. citizen, argued that the denial of his wife’s visa application denied constitutional right to live in the United States with his spouse. In an 2-1 majority opinion authored by Judge Barrett, the court held that the plaintiff’s claim was properly dismissed under the doctrine of consular nonreviewability. Judge Barrett declined to address whether the husband had been denied a constitutional right (or whether the constitutional right to live in the United States with his spouse existed at all) because the consular officer's decision to deny Ahmad’s visa application was facially legitimate and bona fide. Following the panel's decision, Yafai filed a petition for rehearing en banc, which was denied. Then-Chief Judge Wood, joined by Judges Rovner and Hamilton, dissented from the denial of rehearing, raising several arguments for the first time. In response, Judge Barrett, joined by Judge Flaum, wrote a rare opinion concurring in the denial of rehearing en banc.[64]

Civil Procedure & Federal Courts

Casillas v. Madison Ave. Associates, Inc., 926 F.3d 329 (7th Cir. 2019).[65] Casillas brought a class-action lawsuit against Madison Avenue under the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act. She alleged that Madison Avenue failed to comply with the requirements of the FDCPA when it sent her a debt-collection letter that described the FDCPA process for verifying a debt but failed to specify in the letter that she was required to respond in writing to trigger the FDCPA protections. But Casillas had never alleged that she had tried to verify her debt and trigger the statutory protections under the FDCPA—or even that the amount she owed was in any doubt. Thus, following the Supreme Court’s decision in Spokeo v. Robbins, 136 S. Ct. 1540 (2016), the panel held that Casillas had alleged only a “bare procedural violation,” id. at 1549, and could not satisfy Article III’s injury-in-fact requirement. The mere harm of receiving incorrect or incomplete information, Judge Barrett wrote, was insufficiently concrete and could not give rise to an injury in fact. Casillas split from the Sixth Circuit’s decision in Macy v. GC Services Limited Partnership, 897 F.3d 747, 751 (6th Cir. 2018), a case that was virtually identical to Casillas. Then-Chief Judge Wood dissented from the denial of rehearing en banc. Later, the Eleventh Circuit in Trichell v. Midland Credit Management, 964 F.3d 990 (11th Cir. 2020) and the D.C. Circuit in Frank v. Autovest, 961 F.3d 1185 (D.C. Cir. 2020), followed Judge Barrett’s opinion in Casillas.[66][67][68]

Judicial philosophy

Barrett considers herself an originalist. She is a constitutional scholar with expertise in statutory interpretation.[15] At an event in 2013 that reflected on the 40th anniversary of Roe v. Wade, she described the decision—in the paraphrase by Notre Dame Magazine—as "creating through judicial fiat a framework of abortion on demand".[69][70] She also remarked that it was "very unlikely" the court will overturn the core aspect of Roe v. Wade: "The fundamental element, that the woman has a right to choose abortion, will probably stand. The controversy right now is about funding. It's a question of whether abortions will be publicly or privately funded."[71][72]

Potential Supreme Court nomination

Barrett had been included on President Donald Trump's list of potential Supreme Court nominees since 2017, almost immediately after her court of appeals confirmation. In July 2018, following the retirement announcement of Anthony Kennedy, she was reportedly one of three finalists, and the only woman, to be considered by Trump as a possible successor to Kennedy.[20][73] Trump nominated Judge Brett Kavanaugh for the position.[74] Reportedly, although the President liked Barrett, he was concerned about her lack of experience on the bench.[75] At the time, Barrett had been on the bench for less than a year.

After Kavanaugh's selection, Barrett was expected to "stay in the spotlight" as a possible nominee for a future Supreme Court vacancy.[76] Trump was reportedly "saving" Ruth Bader Ginsburg's seat for Amy Coney Barrett if Ginsburg retired or died during Trump's presidency.[77] Ginsburg died on September 18, 2020. [78]

Personal life

Judge Barrett with her husband, Jesse.

Amy Coney Barrett is married to Jesse M. Barrett, a former Assistant United States Attorney for the Northern District of Indiana.[79] He is now a partner at SouthBank Legal in South Bend, Indiana.[80] They live in South Bend, Indiana and have seven children: five biological children and two children adopted from Haiti. Her youngest biological child has special needs.[2][81][82]

Barrett is a practicing Roman Catholic.[31]

While a full-time faculty member at Notre Dame, Barrett was affiliated with Faculty for Life, a pro-life group at the University of Notre Dame. In 2015, Barrett signed a joint letter to Catholic bishops which affirmed the Church's teachings including "the value of human life from conception to natural death," and that family and marriage are "founded on the indissoluble commitment of a man and a woman."[83][84]

Affiliations and recognition

From 2010 to 2016, Barrett served by appointment of the Chief Justice on the Advisory Committee for the Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure.[4]

Barrett was a member of the Federalist Society from 2005 to 2006 and 2014 to 2017.[32][15]

Barrett was invited to be a member of the American Law Institute.[85]

Selected publications

  • Amy Coney Barrett, Originalism and Stare Decisis, 92 Notre Dame L. Rev 1921 (2017).[86]
  • Amy Coney Barrett & John Copeland Nagle, Congressional Originalism, 19 U. Pa. J. Const. L. 1 (2016).[87]
  • Amy Coney Barrett, Countering the Majoritarian Difficulty, 32 Const. Comment. 61 (2017) (book review).[88]
  • Amy Coney Barrett, Suspension and Delegation, 99 Cornell L. Rev. 251 (2014).[21]
  • Amy Coney Barrett, Precedent and Jurisprudential Disagreement, 91 Tex. L. Rev. 1711 (2013).[22]
  • Amy Coney Barrett, Substantive Canons and Faithful Agency, 90 B.U. L. Rev. 109 (2010).[89]
  • Amy Coney Barrett, Introduction: Stare Decisis and Nonjudicial Actors, 83 Notre Dame L. Rev. 1147 (2008).[90]
  • Amy Coney Barrett, Procedural Common Law, 94 Virginia L. Rev. 813 (2008).[91]
  • Amy Coney Barrett, The Supervisory Power of the Supreme Court, 106 Colum. L. Rev. 101 (2006).[23]
  • Amy Coney Barrett, Statutory Stare Decisis in the Courts of Appeals, 73 Geo. Wash. L. Rev. 317 (2005).[92]
  • Amy Coney Barrett, Stare Decisis and Due Process, 74 U. Colo. L. Rev. 1011 (2003).[24]
  • Amy Coney Barrett & John H. Garvey, Catholic Judges in Capital Cases, 81 Marq. L. Rev. 303 (1998).[93]

See also

References

  1. ^ Editors (September 22, 2017). "JFK, Amy Coney Barrett and Anti-Catholicism". National Catholic Register. Archived from the original on October 7, 2017. Retrieved October 7, 2017. {{cite news}}: |author= has generic name (help)
  2. ^ a b c d "Barrett, Amy Coney | Federal Judicial Center". www.fjc.gov. Retrieved July 7, 2018.
  3. ^ "Judge Amy Coney Barrett on Statutory Interpretation: Textualism, Precedent, Judicial Restraint, and the Future of Chevron, by Evan Bernick". Yale Journal on Regulation. Retrieved August 19, 2020.
  4. ^ a b c d e f "Hon. Amy Coney Barrett". University of Notre Dame. Retrieved August 19, 2020.
  5. ^ Lloyd, Alice B. (July 6, 2018). "Former Law Students Praise Amy Coney Barrett". The Weekly Standard. Retrieved July 9, 2018. Students, being familiar with her scholarship and lectures, knew her to be a consistent textualist and originalist.
  6. ^ "These Are Trump's Candidates for the Supreme Court". Time. Retrieved July 9, 2018. Coney Barrett has written extensively about Constitutional originalism, a legal tradition that advocates for an interpretation of the Constitution based on the meaning it would have had at the time it was written.
  7. ^ "President Donald J. Trump's Supreme Court List". The White House. Retrieved August 19, 2020.
  8. ^ Cohen, Stephen B. (2015), Dodson, Scott (ed.), ""Seg Academies," Taxes, and Judge Ginsburg", The Legacy of Ruth Bader Ginsburg, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 73–87, doi:10.1017/cbo9781107477131.010, ISBN 978-1-107-47713-1
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  13. ^ Advocate, Mary Lou Atkinson Special to The. "Across years and miles, wartime letters speak to couple's family". NOLA.com. Retrieved August 19, 2020.
  14. ^ Aymond, Gregory M (September 19, 2017).Senate Violated A Constitution Ban Archived April 26, 2019, at the Wayback Machine, Clarion Herald
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  18. ^ Lat, David (May 1, 2017). "Circuit Court Nominees in the Trump Administration: A Nationwide Round-Up". Above the Law. Archived from the original on May 6, 2017. Retrieved September 29, 2017.
  19. ^ Carr, Thomas B. (July 26, 2004). "Letters to the Editor: 'Now-Defunct' Miller, Cassidy". National Law Journal. Archived from the original on September 30, 2017. Retrieved September 29, 2017.(subscription required)
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  21. ^ a b https://scholarship.law.cornell.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=4618&context=clr. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help); Missing or empty |title= (help)
  22. ^ a b http://texaslawreview.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/Barrett.pdf. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help); Missing or empty |title= (help)
  23. ^ a b https://scholarship.law.nd.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1440&context=law_faculty_scholarship. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help); Missing or empty |title= (help)
  24. ^ a b https://scholarship.law.nd.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1421&context=law_faculty_scholarship. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help); Missing or empty |title= (help)
  25. ^ Severino, Carrie (May 7, 2017). "Bench Memos: Who Is Amy Coney Barrett?". National Review. Archived from the original on October 7, 2017. Retrieved May 8, 2017.
  26. ^ "Former Law Students Praise Amy Coney Barrett". Washington Examiner. July 6, 2018. Retrieved August 19, 2020.
  27. ^ "Presidential Nomination 369, 115th United States Congress". United States Congress. May 8, 2017. Retrieved June 30, 2018.
  28. ^ Staff (May 8, 2017). "Trump Names 10 Conservatives It Plans to Nominate to Federal Courts". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved September 29, 2017.
  29. ^ "Rescheduled Notice of Committee Hearing". Senate Judiciary Committee. August 4, 2017. Retrieved October 7, 2017.
  30. ^ Dianne Feinstein Attacks Judicial Nominee’s Catholic Faith, National Review, Alexandra DeSanctis, September 6, 2017. Retrieved September 9, 2018.
  31. ^ a b Green, Emma (September 8, 2017). "Should a Judge's Nomination Be Derailed by Her Faith?". The Atlantic. Retrieved July 1, 2018.
  32. ^ a b Goodstein, Laurie (September 28, 2017). "Some Worry About Judicial Nominee's Ties to a Religious Group". The New York Times. Archived from the original on September 28, 2017. Retrieved July 4, 2018.
  33. ^ "Feinstein: 'The dogma lives loudly within you, and that is a concern'". The Washington Post. September 7, 2017. Retrieved June 30, 2018.
  34. ^ "Donnelly one of few Democrats to back potential Supreme Court justice Amy Coney Barrett". Indianapolis Star. Retrieved July 9, 2018.
  35. ^ a b c Gerstein, Josh (September 11, 2017). "Senators take fire over questions for Catholic judicial nominee". Politico. Retrieved June 30, 2018.
  36. ^ a b Eisgruber, Christopher L. (September 8, 2017). "Letter from President Eisgruber to the Senate Committee on the Judiciary Regarding the Use of Religious Tests". Princeton University: Office of the President. Archived from the original on October 7, 2017. Retrieved October 7, 2017.
  37. ^ a b Aron, Nan. "Forget the critics, Feinstein did the right thing by questioning a judicial nominee on her faith and the law". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved June 30, 2018.
  38. ^ "EDITORIAL: Religious Tests Unfit for Court". September 15, 2017. Retrieved July 10, 2018.
  39. ^ a b "Did Durbin and Feinstein Impose a Religious Test for Office?". National Review. September 8, 2017. Retrieved July 7, 2018.
  40. ^ "Judicial and Justice Department Pending Nominations | C-SPAN.org". www.c-span.org. Retrieved September 13, 2020.
  41. ^ "Court clears execution of state family's killer". Arkansas Online. July 13, 2020. Retrieved September 13, 2020.
  42. ^ "Senator Lankford on Judicial Nominee Amy Barrett | C-SPAN.org". www.c-span.org. Retrieved September 13, 2020.
  43. ^ "Senate votes to confirm Amy Coney Barrett to 7th Circuit Court of Appeals". Washington Examiner. October 31, 2017. Retrieved March 14, 2019.
  44. ^ Freking, Kevin (October 6, 2017). "Committee Recommends Notre Dame Professor Amy Coney Barrett for U.S. Judicial Bench". South Bend Tribune. Associated Press. Retrieved October 7, 2017.
  45. ^ "Daily Digest/Senate Committee Meetings, Committee on the Judiciary". Congressional Record, 115th Congress, 1st Session. 163 (160): D1059–D1060. October 5, 2017. Retrieved October 7, 2017.
  46. ^ "U.S. Senate: U.S. Senate Roll Call Votes 115th Congress – 1st Session". www.senate.gov. Retrieved May 8, 2018.
  47. ^ "List of federal judges appointed by Donald Trump", Wikipedia, August 14, 2020, retrieved August 19, 2020
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  49. ^ Reporters, ALEXANDRA WELIEVER AND JACKIE LE Staff. "Appeals court reverses dismissal of sex-assault lawsuit". Purdue Exponent. Retrieved July 8, 2019.
  50. ^ "7th Circuit reinstates student case against Purdue in sexual assault case". www.theindianalawyer.com. Retrieved July 8, 2019.
  51. ^ "Cook County v. Wolf, No. 19-3169 (7th Cir. 2020)". Justia Law. Retrieved August 4, 2020.
  52. ^ "Trump administration can enforce green card wealth test in most states, court rules". www.cbsnews.com. Retrieved August 19, 2020.
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  54. ^ "Fourth Circuit Shows the Way Forward on Nationwide Injunctions in 'Public Charge' Case". CIS.org. Retrieved August 19, 2020.
  55. ^ "Casa De Maryland v. Trump" (PDF).{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  56. ^ http://media.ca7.uscourts.gov/cgi-bin/rssExec.pl?Submit=Display&Path=Y2018/D08-28/C:17-2920:J:Barrett:aut:T:fnOp:N:2209369:S:0
  57. ^ a b "Kanter v. Barr, No. 18-1478 (7th Cir. 2019)". Justia Law. Retrieved May 19, 2019.
  58. ^ "If Donald Trump gets another Supreme Court pick..." The Economist. May 16, 2019. ISSN 0013-0613. Retrieved May 19, 2019.
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  60. ^ Whelan, Ed. "Judge Barrett's Dissent in Second Amendment Case".{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  61. ^ "IMPD detective must stand trial on false affidavit in murder". www.theindianalawyer.com. Retrieved March 14, 2019.
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External links

Wikiquote has quotations related to Amy Coney Barrett.
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Preceded by Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit
2017–present 		Incumbent
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