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2010 FIFA World Cup

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For match schedules and results, see 2010 FIFA World Cup schedule.
"2010 World Cup" redirects here. For other competitions with the name "2010 World Cup", see 2010 World Cup (disambiguation).

2010 FIFA World Cup
South Africa 2010
2010 FIFA World Cup official logo
Tournament details
Host countrySouth Africa
Dates11 June – 11 July
Teams32 (from 6 confederations)
Venue(s)10 (in 9 host cities)
Tournament statistics
Matches played49
Goals scored104 (2.12 per match)
Attendance2,315,393 (47,253 per match)
Top scorer(s)Argentina Gonzalo Higuaín
Slovakia Róbert Vittek
Spain David Villa
Uruguay Luís Suárez
(3 goals)[1]
← 2006
2014 →

The 2010 FIFA World Cup is the 19th FIFA World Cup, the premier international association football tournament, being held in South Africa from 11 June to 11 July. It is the first time the finals of the tournament have been staged in an African host nation. South Africa were selected as hosts in May 2004 over Morocco and Egypt, following a bidding process open only to African nations. Held every four years since 1930, the previous World Cup finals were held in 2006 in Germany, while the next World Cup is due to be held in Brazil.

The finals tournament sees 736 players representing 32 qualifying teams compete in games held in ten stadia across the country for the World Cup Trophy. The 32 qualifying teams were selected from a pool of entrants comprising 204 of the 208 FIFA national teams, selected for the finals in a qualification process that began in August 2007. With its 204 initial entrants, it equals the 2008 Summer Olympics as the sports event with the most competing nations.

The finals began on 11 June with the group stage, in which the 32 qualifying teams were reduced by half by playing in groups of four teams for points over three matches per team. The 16 remaining teams advanced to the knockout stage, beginning on 26 June, which progresses as a single-elimination tournament. Ties after normal time are settled using extra time or a penalty shootout if necessary, up to and including the final match for the Cup, scheduled for 11 July at Soccer City stadium in Johannesburg. A match for third place will be played the day before.

Controversial aspects of the tournament have included the use of the vuvuzela horn and the Adidas Jabulani ball. The vuvuzela, favoured by South African football fans who see it as a unique part of their football culture, has been criticised by many visiting fans who were not accustomed to its loudness or unhappy at its effect on match atmosphere, and by television viewers. The ball has been criticised by a number of players for being unpredictable, but defended by FIFA and Adidas (who attributed criticism to either lack of practice or the altitude of some venues) as the most technically advanced World Cup ball to date.

Host selection

Main article: FIFA World Cup hosts
Fans in Camps Bay, Cape Town, South Africa

Africa was chosen as the host for the 2010 World Cup as part of a short-lived policy, abandoned in 2007,[2] to rotate the event among football confederations. Five African nations placed bids to host the 2010 World Cup:

Following the decision of the FIFA Executive Committee not to allow co-hosted tournaments, Tunisia withdrew from the bidding process. The committee also decided not to consider Libya's solo bid as it no longer met all the stipulations laid down in the official List of Requirements.

After one round of voting, the winning bid was announced by FIFA president Sepp Blatter at a media conference on 15 May 2004 in Zürich. South Africa, which had narrowly failed to win the right to host the 2006 event, was awarded the rights to host the tournament over Morocco and Egypt.[3]

Voting Results
Country Votes
 South Africa 14
 Morocco 10
 Egypt 0
  •  Tunisia withdrew on 8 May 2004 after joint bidding was not allowed
  •  Libya bid was rejected: bid did not meet the list of requirements and joint bidding was not allowed

During 2006 and 2007, rumours circulated in various news sources that the 2010 World Cup could be moved to another country.[4][5] Some people, including Franz Beckenbauer, Horst R. Schmidt and, reportedly, some FIFA executives, expressed concern over the planning, organisation, and pace of South Africa's preparations.[4][6] However, FIFA officials repeatedly expressed their confidence in South Africa as host, stating that a contingency plan existed only to cover natural catastrophes, as had been in place at previous FIFA World Cups.[7]

Qualification

Main article: 2010 FIFA World Cup qualification

The qualification draw for the 2010 World Cup was held in Durban on 25 November 2007. As the host nation, South Africa qualified automatically for the tournament. As happened in the previous tournament, the defending champions were not given an automatic berth, and Italy had to participate in qualification.

Wikinews has related news:
Wikinews has related news:

Some controversies took place during the qualifications. In the second leg of the play-off between France and the Republic of Ireland, French captain Thierry Henry, unseen by the referee, handled the ball in the lead up to a late goal, which enabled France to qualify ahead of Ireland, sparking widespread controversy and debate. FIFA rejected a request from the Football Association of Ireland to replay the match,[8] and Ireland later withdrew a request to be included as an unprecedented 33rd World Cup entrant.[9][10] As a result, FIFA announced a review into the use of technology or extra officials at the highest level, but decided against the widely expected fast-tracking of goal-line referee's assistants for the South African tournament.[11]

Costa Rica complained over Uruguay's winning goal in the CONMEBOL–CONCACAF playoff,[12] while Egypt and Algeria's November 2009 matches were surrounded by reports of crowd trouble. On the subject of fair play, FIFA President Sepp Blatter said:

I appeal to all the players and coaches to observe this fair play. In 2010 we want to prove that football is more than just kicking a ball but has social and cultural value ... So we ask the players 'please observe fair play' so they will be an example to the rest of the world.[13]

List of qualified teams

The following 32 teams qualified for the final tournament.

This is the first World Cup that does not include any teams that are qualifying for the first time, although two of the qualifiers (Slovakia and Serbia) have previously appeared only as parts of former competing nations. Slovakia was previously part of Czechoslovakia, and Serbia has competed as part of Yugoslavia and Serbia and Montenegro. In both cases FIFA considers these teams to have retained the earlier nations' records.

Preparations

File:TelkomLukasRandTower.JPG
The Lukasrand Tower in Pretoria sporting a football in anticipation of the World Cup

Five new stadiums were built for the tournament, and five of the existing venues were upgraded. Construction costs were expected to be R8.4bn. (Just over $1.0bn.)[14]

In addition to the stadiums built and upgraded, South Africa also improved its current public transport infrastructure within the host cities, including Johannesburg's Gautrain and other metro systems, and major road networks were improved.[15] In March 2009, Danny Jordaan, the president of the 2010 World Cup organising committee, reported that all stadiums for the tournament were on schedule to be completed within six months.[16]

The country implemented special measures to ensure the safety and security of local and international tourists attending the matches in accordance with standard FIFA requirements,[17] including a temporary restriction of flight operation in the airspace surrounding the stadiums.[18]

At a ceremony to mark 100 days before the event, FIFA president Sepp Blatter praised the readiness of the country for the event.[19]

Construction strike

70,000 construction workers[20] that were supposed to be working on the new stadiums walked off their jobs on 8 July 2009.[21] The majority of the workers receive R2500 per month (about £192, €224 or $313), but the unions allege that some workers are grossly underpaid. A spokesperson for the National Union of Mineworkers said to the SABC that the "no work no pay" strike will go on until FIFA assesses penalties on the organisers. Other unions threatened to strike into 2011.[22][23]

The World Cup organising committee downplayed the strike and expressed confidence that the stadiums will be ready. However the strike was swiftly dealt with and workers were back at work within a week of it starting. The agreement meant that there were no further strikes and all stadiums and construction projects were completed in time for the kick off.[24]

Prize money

The total prize money on offer for the tournament was confirmed by FIFA as $420 million (including payments of $40m to domestic clubs), a 60 percent increase on the 2006 tournament.[25] Before the tournament, all 32 entrants receive $1 million for preparation costs. Once at the tournament, the 16 teams exiting after the group stage receive $8 million. Thereafter, the prize money would be distributed as follows:[25]

In a first for the World Cup, FIFA made payments to the domestic clubs of the players representing their national teams at the tournament. This saw a total of $40 million paid to domestic clubs. This was the result of an agreement reached in 2008 between FIFA and European clubs to disband the G-14 group and drop their claims for compensation dating back to 2005 over the financial cost of injuries sustained to their players while on international duty, such as that from Belgian club Charleroi S.C. for injury to Morocco's Abdelmajid Oulmers in a friendly game in 2004, and from English club Newcastle United for an injury to England's Michael Owen in the 2006 World Cup.[26][27][28]

Venues

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In 2005, the organisers released a provisional list of twelve venues to be used for the World Cup: Bloemfontein, Cape Town, Durban, Johannesburg (two venues), Kimberley, Nelspruit, Orkney, Polokwane, Port Elizabeth, Pretoria, and Rustenburg. This was narrowed down to the ten venues[29] that were officially announced by FIFA on 17 March 2006.

It is claimed that the altitude of several venues will affect the motion of the ball[30] and impact player performance,[31] although FIFA's medical chief has denied this.[32] Six of the ten venues are over 1200m above sea level, with the two Johannesburg stadia (Soccer City and Ellis Park) the highest at approximately 1750m.[33][34] The stadia in order of altitude are: Soccer City and Ellis Park Stadium, 1753m; Royal Bafokeng Stadium, 1500m; Free State Stadium, 1400m; Peter Mokaba Stadium, 1310m; Loftus Versfeld Stadium, 1214m; Mbombela Stadium, 660m; Cape Town Stadium, Moses Mabhida Stadium and Nelson Mandela Bay Stadium near sea level.[33][34]

Johannesburg Cape Town Durban Johannesburg Pretoria
Soccer City Cape Town Stadium2 Moses Mabhida Stadium1 Ellis Park Stadium Loftus Versfeld Stadium
26°14′5.27″S 27°58′56.47″E / 26.2347972°S 27.9823528°E / -26.2347972; 27.9823528 (Soccer City) 33°54′12.46″S 18°24′40.15″E / 33.9034611°S 18.4111528°E / -33.9034611; 18.4111528 (Cape Town Stadium) 29°49′46″S 31°01′49″E / 29.82944°S 31.03028°E / -29.82944; 31.03028 (Moses Mabhida Stadium) 26°11′51.07″S 28°3′38.76″E / 26.1975194°S 28.0607667°E / -26.1975194; 28.0607667 (Ellis Park Stadium) 25°45′12″S 28°13′22″E / 25.75333°S 28.22278°E / -25.75333; 28.22278 (Loftus Versfeld Stadium)
Capacity: 88,460[35] Capacity: 64,100[36] Capacity: 62,760[37] Capacity: 55,686[38] Capacity: 42,858[39]
File:Inside Bowl of Soccer City Stadium.jpg File:CTSRW01.JPG File:Durban 21.08.2009 12-02-25.jpg File:View of Ellis Park.jpg
Port Elizabeth Polokwane Nelspruit Bloemfontein Rustenburg
Nelson Mandela Bay Stadium Peter Mokaba Stadium Mbombela Stadium Free State Stadium Royal Bafokeng Stadium
33°56′16″S 25°35′56″E / 33.93778°S 25.59889°E / -33.93778; 25.59889 (Nelson Mandela Bay Stadium) 23°55′29″S 29°28′08″E / 23.924689°S 29.468765°E / -23.924689; 29.468765 (Peter Mokaba Stadium) 25°27′42″S 30°55′47″E / 25.46172°S 30.929689°E / -25.46172; 30.929689 (Mbombela Stadium) 29°07′02.25″S 26°12′31.85″E / 29.1172917°S 26.2088472°E / -29.1172917; 26.2088472 (Free State Stadium) 25°34′43″S 27°09′39″E / 25.5786°S 27.1607°E / -25.5786; 27.1607 (Royal Bafokeng Stadium)
Capacity: 42,486[40] Capacity: 41,733[41] Capacity: 40,929[42] Capacity: 40,911[43] Capacity: 38,646[44]
File:Nelsonmandelabaystadium2.jpg File:Estadio Peter Mokaba.JPG File:Seats and field of Mbombela Stadium.jpg File:Free State Stadium - Bloemfontein.jpg File:Royal Bafokeng Arial.jpg
  • ^1 As Durban Stadium
  • ^2 As Green Point Stadium

The following stadiums have all been upgraded to meet FIFA specification.

Final draw

See also: 2010 FIFA World Cup seeding

The FIFA Organising Committee approved the procedure for the Final Draw on 2 December 2009. The seeding was based on the October 2009 FIFA World Ranking and seven squads joined hosts South Africa as seeded teams for the Final Draw. No two teams from the same confederation were to be drawn in the same group, except allowing a maximum of two European teams in a group.[50]

Pot 1 (Host & Top seven) Pot 2 (Asia, North/Central America and Caribbean & Oceania) Pot 3 (Africa & South America) Pot 4 (Europe)

 South Africa
 Brazil
 Spain
 Netherlands
 Italy
 Germany
 Argentina
 England

 Australia
 Japan
 North Korea
 South Korea
 Honduras
 Mexico
 United States
 New Zealand

 Algeria
 Cameroon
 Ivory Coast
 Ghana
 Nigeria
 Chile
 Paraguay
 Uruguay

 Denmark
 France
 Greece
 Portugal
 Serbia
 Slovakia
 Slovenia
  Switzerland

The group draw was staged in Cape Town, South Africa, at 19:00 (UTC+02) on 4 December 2009 at the Cape Town International Convention Centre.[51] The ceremony was presented by South African actress Charlize Theron, assisted by FIFA Secretary General Jérôme Valcke.[52] The balls were drawn by English football star David Beckham and African sporting figures Haile Gebrselassie, John Smit, Makhaya Ntini, Matthew Booth and Simphiwe Dludlu.[53]

Referees

Main article: 2010 FIFA World Cup officials

FIFA selected the following referees to officiate at the World Cup:[54]

Squads

The Brazilian and North Korean teams before their group stage match
Further information: 2010 FIFA World Cup squads

As with the 2006 tournament, each team's squad for the 2010 World Cup consists of 23 players. Each participating national association had to confirm their final 23-player squad by 1 June 2010. Teams were permitted to make late replacements in the event of serious injury, at any time up to 24 hours before their first game.[55]

Of the 736 players participating in the tournament, over half play their club football in five European domestic leagues; those in England (117 players), Germany (84), Italy (80), Spain (59) and France (46).[56]. The English, German and Italian squads were made up of entirely home based players, while only Nigeria had no players from clubs in their own league. In all, players from 52 national leagues entered the tournament. FC Barcelona of Spain was the club contributing the most players to the tournament, with 13 players of their side travelling, 7 with the Spanish team, while another 7 clubs contributed 10 players or more.

Group stage

The first round, or group stage, saw the thirty-two teams divided into eight groups of four teams. Each group was a round-robin of six games, where each team played one match against each of the other teams in the same group. Teams were awarded three points for a win, one point for a draw and none for a defeat. The teams finishing first and second in each group qualified for the Round of 16.

In a first for a World Cup, host team South Africa did not advance beyond the group stage. Further, defending champions Italy and previous runners-up France also did not advance, the first time both finalists from the preceding World Cup were eliminated during the first stage of the competition.[57]

For the first time since 1930, more teams from the Americas (seven of eight qualifying teams) than from Europe (six of 13) progressed to the second stage of the competition. The teams from the Americas performed very well, with all five South American (CONMEBOL) teams progressing to the Round of 16 and four of the five winning their groups. Two of three CONCACAF teams, Mexico and USA, also advanced, as did two of the three qualifying East Asian (AFC) teams, South Korea and Japan. Although there had been hopes that African (CAF) teams would perform well on their home continent, only Ghana reached the last 16.[58] The sole qualifying OFC team, New Zealand, did not advance.

European teams on the whole performed weakly. Italy and France finished last in their respective groups, while Spain and Germany both suffered shock defeats before eventually winning their groups. England played two widely-criticized draws before narrowly qualifying for the knockout stage. Only six UEFA teams progressed to the last sixteen, a record low in the 32-team era. Furthermore, because those teams are drawn against each other, just three UEFA teams will make the last eight, another record low.

Tie-breaking criteria

Teams were ranked on the following criteria:[59]

1. Greater number of points in all group matches
2. Goal difference in all group matches
3. Greater number of goals scored in all group matches

Had it been necessary, further criteria were available:

4. Greatest number of points in matches between tied teams
5. Goal difference in matches between tied teams
6. Greatest number of goals scored in matches between tied teams
7. Drawing of lots by the FIFA Organising Committee
Key to colours in group tables
Teams that advanced to the Round of 16

Group A

Main article: 2010 FIFA World Cup Group A

Template:2010 FIFA World Cup Group A

11 June 2010
South Africa  1 – 1  Mexico Soccer City, Johannesburg
Uruguay  0 – 0  France Cape Town Stadium, Cape Town
16 June 2010
South Africa  0 – 3  Uruguay Loftus Versfeld Stadium, Pretoria
17 June 2010
France  0 – 2  Mexico Peter Mokaba Stadium, Polokwane
22 June 2010
Mexico  0 – 1  Uruguay Royal Bafokeng Stadium, Rustenburg
France  1 – 2  South Africa Free State Stadium, Bloemfontein

Group B

Main article: 2010 FIFA World Cup Group B

Template:2010 FIFA World Cup Group B

12 June 2010
South Korea  2 – 0  Greece Nelson Mandela Bay Stadium, Port Elizabeth
Argentina  1 – 0  Nigeria Ellis Park Stadium, Johannesburg
17 June 2010
Argentina  4 – 1  South Korea Soccer City, Johannesburg
Greece  2 – 1  Nigeria Free State Stadium, Bloemfontein
22 June 2010
Nigeria  2 – 2  South Korea Moses Mabhida Stadium, Durban
Greece  0 – 2  Argentina Peter Mokaba Stadium, Polokwane

Group C

Main article: 2010 FIFA World Cup Group C

Template:2010 FIFA World Cup Group C

12 June 2010
England  1 – 1  United States Royal Bafokeng Stadium, Rustenburg
13 June 2010
Algeria  0 – 1  Slovenia Peter Mokaba Stadium, Polokwane
18 June 2010
Slovenia  2 – 2  United States Ellis Park Stadium, Johannesburg
England  0 – 0  Algeria Cape Town Stadium, Cape Town
23 June 2010
Slovenia  0 – 1  England Nelson Mandela Bay Stadium, Port Elizabeth
United States  1 – 0  Algeria Loftus Versfeld Stadium, Pretoria

Group D

Main article: 2010 FIFA World Cup Group D

Template:2010 FIFA World Cup Group D

13 June 2010
Serbia  0 – 1  Ghana Loftus Versfeld Stadium, Pretoria
Germany  4 – 0  Australia Moses Mabhida Stadium, Durban
18 June 2010
Germany  0 – 1  Serbia Nelson Mandela Bay Stadium, Port Elizabeth
19 June 2010
Ghana  1 – 1  Australia Royal Bafokeng Stadium, Rustenburg
23 June 2010
Ghana  0 – 1  Germany Soccer City, Johannesburg
Australia  2 – 1  Serbia Mbombela Stadium, Nelspruit

Group E

Main article: 2010 FIFA World Cup Group E

Template:2010 FIFA World Cup Group E

14 June 2010
Netherlands  2 – 0  Denmark Soccer City, Johannesburg
Japan  1 – 0  Cameroon Free State Stadium, Bloemfontein
19 June 2010
Netherlands  1 – 0  Japan Moses Mabhida Stadium, Durban
Cameroon  1 – 2  Denmark Loftus Versfeld Stadium, Pretoria
24 June 2010
Denmark  1 – 3  Japan Royal Bafokeng Stadium, Rustenburg
Cameroon  1 – 2  Netherlands Cape Town Stadium, Cape Town

Group F

Main article: 2010 FIFA World Cup Group F

Template:2010 FIFA World Cup Group F

14 June 2010
Italy  1 – 1  Paraguay Cape Town Stadium, Cape Town
15 June 2010
New Zealand  1 – 1  Slovakia Royal Bafokeng Stadium, Rustenburg
20 June 2010
Slovakia  0 – 2  Paraguay Free State Stadium, Bloemfontein
Italy  1 – 1  New Zealand Mbombela Stadium, Nelspruit
24 June 2010
Slovakia  3 – 2  Italy Ellis Park Stadium, Johannesburg
Paraguay  0 – 0  New Zealand Peter Mokaba Stadium, Polokwane

Group G

Main article: 2010 FIFA World Cup Group G

Template:2010 FIFA World Cup Group G

15 June 2010
Ivory Coast  0 – 0  Portugal Nelson Mandela Bay Stadium, Port Elizabeth
Brazil  2 – 1  North Korea Ellis Park Stadium, Johannesburg
20 June 2010
Brazil  3 – 1  Ivory Coast Soccer City, Johannesburg
21 June 2010
Portugal  7 – 0  North Korea Cape Town Stadium, Cape Town
25 June 2010
Portugal  0 – 0  Brazil Moses Mabhida Stadium, Durban
North Korea  0 – 3  Ivory Coast Mbombela Stadium, Nelspruit

Group H

Main article: 2010 FIFA World Cup Group H

Template:2010 FIFA World Cup Group H

16 June 2010
Honduras  0 – 1  Chile Mbombela Stadium, Nelspruit
Spain  0 – 1   Switzerland Moses Mabhida Stadium, Durban
21 June 2010
Chile  1 – 0   Switzerland Nelson Mandela Bay Stadium, Port Elizabeth
Spain  2 – 0  Honduras Ellis Park Stadium, Johannesburg
25 June 2010
Chile  1 – 2  Spain Loftus Versfeld Stadium, Pretoria
Switzerland  0 – 0  Honduras Free State Stadium, Bloemfontein

Knockout stage

Main article: 2010 FIFA World Cup knockout stage

The knockout stage involves the sixteen teams that advanced from the group stage of the tournament. There will be four rounds of matches, with each round eliminating half of the teams entering that round. The successive rounds are: round of 16, quarter-finals, semi-finals, final. There will also a play-off to decide third/fourth place. For each game in the knockout stage, any draw at 90 minutes will be followed by thirty minutes of extra time; if scores are still level there will be a penalty shootout (at least five penalties each, and more if necessary) to determine who progresses to the next round.[60] Template:2010 FIFA World Cup knockout stage bracket

Round of 16

All times are South African Standard Time (UTC+02)

Uruguay 2 – 1 South Korea
Suárez 8', 80' Report Lee Chung-Yong 68'
Attendance: 30,597
United States Match 50 Ghana
Germany Match 51 England
Argentina Match 52 Mexico
Netherlands Match 53 Slovakia
Brazil Match 54 Chile
Paraguay Match 55 Japan
Spain Match 56 Portugal

Quarter-finals

Winners of Match 53 Match 57 Winners of Match 54
Uruguay Match 58 Winners of Match 50
Winners of Match 52 Match 59 Winners of Match 51
Winners of Match 55 Match 60 Winners of Match 56

Semi-finals

Winners of Match 58 Match 61 Winners of Match 57
Winners of Match 59 Match 62 Winners of Match 60

Third place

Losers of Match 61 Match 63 Losers of Match 62

Final

Main article: 2010 FIFA World Cup Final
Winners of Match 61 Match 64 Winners of Match 62

Statistics

Main article: 2010 FIFA World Cup statistics

Goalscorers

Template:2010 FIFA World Cup Goalscorers

South African winger Siphiwe Tshabalala was the first player to score a goal in the competition, in their 1–1 draw against Mexico, the opening game of the tournament. Danish defender Daniel Agger was credited with the first own goal of the tournament, in his side's 2–0 loss to the Netherlands in Denmark's first game of the tournament. Argentine striker Gonzalo Higuaín was the first player to score a hat-trick in the tournament, in their 4–1 win over South Korea, in Argentina's second game of the tournament. It was the 49th World Cup hat-trick in the history of the tournament.

Discipline

Main article: 2010 FIFA World Cup disciplinary record

Twenty-four players have been suspended thus far after being shown two consecutive yellow cards (twelve players), a single red card (six players), or a yellow card followed by a red card (six players).

Symbols

File:Zakumi.jpg
Zakumi, the mascot of the 2010 FIFA World Cup

Mascot

Main article: Zakumi

The official mascot for the 2010 World Cup is Zakumi, an anthropomorphised leopard with green hair, presented on 22 September 2008. His name comes from "ZA" (the international abbreviation for South Africa) and the term kumi, which means "ten" in various African languages.[61] The mascot's colours reflect those of the host nation's playing strip – yellow and green.

Official song

Main article: FIFA World Cup official songs

The official song of the 2010 World Cup "Waka Waka" is performed by the Colombian singer Shakira and the band Freshlyground from South Africa, and is sung in both English and Spanish.[62] The song is based upon a traditional African soldiers' song named Zangalewa.[63] Shakira and Freshlyground performed the song at the pre-tournament Kick-Off concert in Soweto on 10 June. It was also sung at the opening ceremony on 11 June and will be performed at the final on 11 July.

Match ball

Main article: Adidas Jabulani

The match ball for the 2010 World Cup, manufactured by Adidas, is named the Jabulani, which means "bringing joy to everyone" in Zulu. The number eleven plays a prominent role in the new technologically advanced ball: it is the eleventh World Cup match ball made by the German sports equipment maker; it features eleven colours, one for each player on the pitch; and there are eleven official languages in South Africa.[64][65] A special match ball with gold panels will be used at the final held in Johannesburg.

The ball is constructed using a new design, consisting of eight thermally bonded, three-dimensional panels. These are spherically moulded from ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) and thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU). The surface of the ball is textured with grooves, a technology developed by Adidas called GripnGroove[66] that is intended to improve the ball's aerodynamics. The design has received considerable academic input, being developed in partnership with researchers from Loughborough University, United Kingdom.[67] A number of players, especially goalkeepers, have complained about the new ball, arguing that its movements are difficult to predict.[68] The balls are made in China, using latex bladder made in India, thermoplastic polyurethane-elastomer from Taiwan, ethylene vinyl acetate, isotropic polyester/cotton fabric, glue and ink from China.[69]

Event effects

Social effects

Security

Tournament organiser Danny Jordaan dismissed concerns that the attack on the Togo national team which took place in Angola in January 2010, had any relevance to the security arrangements for the World Cup.[70] There have been claims that the police have implemented a de facto state of emergency by banning protests during the event.[71]

Major General Qassim al-Moussawi of Iraq's security services said the arrest of Abdullah Azzam Saleh al-Qahtani, allegedly a former Saudi army lieutenant, yielded information that "He was planning a terrorist act in South Africa during the World Cup based on plans issued by the central al Qaeda terrorist organisation in coordination with Osama bin Laden's first assistant, Ayman al-Zawahri."[72]

There were also reports of thefts against visitors to the country for the World Cup. Tourists from China, Portugal, Spain, South Korea, Japan and Colombia had become victim to crimes.[73] Three members of the Greek national team reported that £1,300 had been stolen from their rooms.[74] These reports came after the British media cautioned visitors about such security threats.[75]

In Iraq, the improved security situation has allowed people to watch matches in public places. This is in contrast to 2006 when violence prevented people from gathering publicly.[76] Radical militant groups in Somalia have banned the watching of televised World Cup matches, and had initially threatened to punish with public floggings,[77] declaring the World Cup a waste of time and resources and un-Islamic.[78] There were reports that groups had arrested people for watching the World Cup.[77] The group denied reports of arresting people, but said that they were chasing people out of video halls.[76]

On 19 June after the match between England and Algeria a fan was able to break through the FIFA-appointed security staff at Green Point stadium and gain access to the England team dressing room. The breach took place shortly after Prince William and Prince Harry had left the room. The trespasser was then released before he could be handed over to the Police. The English FA lodged a formal complaint with FIFA and demanded that security be increased.[79]

Evictions
Police patrol Blikkiesdorp, a settlement for the evicted

As with many 'hallmark events' throughout the world,[80] the 2010 FIFA World Cup has been connected to evictions,[81][82][83][84][85] which many claim are meant to 'beautify the city', impress visiting tourists, and hide shackdwellers. On 14 May 2009, the Durban-based shack-dwellers' movement Abahlali baseMjondolo took the KwaZulu-Natal government to court over their controversial Elimination and Prevention of Re-Emergence of Slums Act, meant to eliminate slums in South Africa and put homeless shackdwellers in transit camps in time for the 2010 World Cup.[86][87] They have gained a lot of publicity for their efforts, even in the international media.[88][89][90] Abahlali baseMjondolo have threatened to build shacks outside of the Cape Town stadium to draw attention to their situation.[91][92]

Another prominent controversy surrounding preparations for the World Cup is the N2 Gateway housing project in Cape Town, which plans to remove over 20,000 residents from the Joe Slovo Informal Settlement along the busy N2 Freeway and build rental flats and bond-houses in its place in time for the 2010 World Cup.[93] The residents would be moved to the poverty stricken Delft township on the outskirts of the city and out of sight from the N2 Freeway.[94][95][96] There has been particular concern about forced removals to the Blikkiesdorp camp in Delft and that in Durban, children are being forcibly removed from the city centre.[97][98]

In July 2009, South Africa was hit with rolling protests by poor communities that demanded access to basic services, jobs, adequate housing and the democratisation of service delivery. These protests have been linked to the World Cup as protesters complain that public funds are being diverted away from social issues to build stadiums and upgrade airports.[99][100] Fears have been expressed that the growing protests by shack dwellers could result in the tournament being disrupted.[101][102] Some grassroots social movements have called for a boycott of the event.[103]

Blikkiesdorp

Blikkiesdorp has become well-known for its high crime rate, its substandard living conditions, and its extremely hot or cold, windy and sandy living environment.[104][105][106][107] NGOs, international human rights organisations, and the Anti-Eviction Campaign have publicly criticised the conditions in Blikkiesdorp and how they say it is used to reinforce the eviction of poor families especially to make way for the 2010 World Cup.[85][107][108][109] Residents also threatened to burn down Blikkiesdorp before the World Cup begins because of the bad conditions in the settlement.[110]

HIV/AIDS

South Africans and others have expressed concern that the World Cup will stimulate the illicit sex trade.[111][112] Football fans are being warned that South Africa has one of the worst HIV infection rates in the world[113] with up to half the country's sex workers HIV positive[114] and the British government has given £1 million to buy 42 million condoms.[113] However, AIDS campaigners have accused FIFA of blocking the distribution of condoms at football grounds.[115]

Economic effects

Non-FIFA events

In November 2009 it was reported that a rugby Test match between the Springboks and France scheduled to take place in Cape Town on 12 June 2010 would be moved to Europe due to FIFA regulations banning other sport events in host cities during the time of the World Cup.[116] After negotiations between the South African Rugby Union and members of the local organising committee, it was announced that the Test would be allowed to take place in Cape Town on the originally scheduled date because no World Cup match was to be played in Cape Town on that day, and the Test would be played at Newlands, which is not a World Cup venue.[117][118]

FIFA trademarks

The South African low-fare airline Kulula.com were ordered by FIFA to withdraw an advertisement that it claimed infringed their trademarks.[119] The advert, titled "The unofficial carrier of the you-know-what", features soccer balls, vuvuzelas and the flag of South Africa, which FIFA claims when used in conjunction with each other constitutes an infringement (of its trademarks).[120] Kulula.com disputed FIFA's claim,[119] but later announced that they would withdraw the specific advert whilst continuing with the advertisement campaign.[121]

Broadcast rights and fees

In Singapore, FIFA's broadcast rights fees for the 2010 World Cup finals have been described as "exorbitant",[122] with the organisation having changed prices according to what it perceived the country's TV operators were willing to pay.[123] When Singapore TV operators SingTel and Starhub joined together to bid for the broadcast rights in late 2009, they were reportedly charged an initial SGD$40 million (about USD$30 million).[124] When the Singapore TV operators refused to pay the initial sum quoted by FIFA, and as time passed, Singapore was faced with the prospect of being one of the few countries not to get match broadcasts from the 2010 World Cup.[125][126]

With only about a month left before the tournament, FIFA finally relented and reportedly reduced the fee to SGD$21 million (USD$15 million), which was then accepted by the Singapore TV operators. This reduced fee was still significantly higher than the fee that FIFA charged Starhub for the exclusive rights to broadcast the 2006 World Cup in Germany, which was reported to be SGD$15 million (US$11 million).

This increased fee for the 2010 World Cup tournament broadcast rights resulted in the Singapore TV operators passing on the cost to their subscribers, which were then charged a special fee of SGD$94 (US$68) in addition to existing contracts, to watch the tournament's games. This high additional fee was the most expensive in the region, and angered Singapore football fans.[127] Singapore was more expensive when compared to countries in the region that will either be broadcasting the matches free of charge, as in the case of Indonesia and Thailand; or at significantly lower viewing fees, at US$21 in Malaysia and US$38 in Hong Kong.[128] This fee is also almost four times the SGD$25 (USD$18) special fee that Starhub charged its subscribers for viewing the 2006 World Cup finals matches in Germany.[129] As a result, many fans decided to protest against the increased fees with a mass boycott of the 2010 World Cup broadcast service by both operators.[130]

Match effects

Vuvuzelas

Main article: Vuvuzela
A vuvuzela being played

During the World Cup events many competitors have criticised and complained about the noise caused by the vuvuzela horns, including France's Patrice Evra who blamed the horns for the team's poor performance.[131] He also claimed that the sound of the vuvuzelas away from the stadiums hampered the ability of the players to get their rest.[132] Other critics include Lionel Messi who complained that the sound of the vuvuzelas hampered communication among players on the pitch,[133] and broadcasting companies, which complained that commentators' voices were being drowned out by the sound.[132] Cristiano Ronaldo went on record to state that the sound of the vuvuzelas disturbed the teams' concentration.[134]

Others watching on television have complained that the ambient audio feed from the stadium only contains the sounds of the vuvuzelas and the natural sounds of people in the stands are drowned out.[135][136] A spokesperson for the ESPN network said it was taking steps to minimize the noise of the crowd on its broadcasts.[137] Portuguese telecommunications company, Portugal Telecom, announced on 16 June an offer of an alternative audio feed, in which the vuvuzela sound is edited out, to the customers of its Pay-TV service called MEO.

When asked a few days into the tournament whether consideration would be given to banning vuvuzelas during matches, South African organising chief Danny Jordaan replied, "if there are grounds to do so, yes" and that "if any land on the pitch in anger we will take action."[131]

Ticketing and attendance

Some first round games suffered from large blocks of unoccupied stands, including one match with nearly 11,000 empty seats. FIFA reported that group ticket purchases went unused, and that current attendance levels were in fact second only to the 1994 event during the early round period.[138]

Media

Broadcasting

Main article 2010 FIFA World Cup broadcasting rights.

The 2010 FIFA World Cup is expected to be the most-watched television event in history.[139] Hundreds of broadcasters, representing about 70 countries, are transmitting the Cup to a cumulative TV audience that is predicted by FIFA officals to reach more than 2 billion people.[139] New forms of digital media, however, are the highlight of this edition of the event.[139] "With games airing live on cell phones and computers, the World Cup will get more online coverage than any major sporting event yet", said Jake Coyle of the Associated Press.[139]

Filming

Sony technology will be used to film the tournament. According to FIFA up to 25 of the matches will be captured using 3D cameras.[140] Footage will be captured in 3D through Sony's proprietary multi-image MPE-200 processors, which will be housed in specially designed 3D outside broadcast trucks.[141] It will be supplying its flagship HDC-1500 cameras as well as its new HDC-P1 unit, a compact, point-of-view (POV)-type camera with a 2/3-inch lens. The 3D games will be produced for FIFA by Host Broadcast Services.[142]

Video games

In PlayStation Home, Sony Group has released a virtual space based on the 2010 FIFA World Cup in the Japanese version of Home on 3 December 2009. This virtual space is called the "FevaArena" and is a virtual stadium of the 2010 FIFA World Cup, featuring different areas for events, a FIFA mini-game, and a shop with FIFA related content.[143]

On 27 April 2010, EA Sports released the official 2010 World Cup video game.[144]

FIFA Fan Fest

FIFA has expanded the FIFA Fan Fest, with cities all around the world hosting it. These include Sydney, Berlin, Paris, Rome, Rio de Janeiro, and Mexico City, as well as several venues around South Africa.[145]

See also

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