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List of prime ministers of Czechoslovakia

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Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia
Coat of arms
AppointerThe President
Formation14 November 1918
First holderKarel Kramář
Final holderJan Stráský
Abolished31 December 1992
SuccessionCzech Republic Václav Klaus
Slovakia Vladimír Mečiar

The Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia was the head of government of Czechoslovakia, from the creation of the First Czechoslovak Republic in 1918 until the dissolution of the Czech and Slovak Federative Republic in 1992.

In periods when the post of the President of Czechoslovakia was vacant, some presidential duties were carried out by the Prime Minister. However, the Czechoslovak Constitutions do not define anything like a post of acting president.

As of 2017, there are three living former Prime Ministers of Czechoslovakia: Lubomír Štrougal, Marián Čalfa and Jan Stráský.

Prime Ministers of Czechoslovakia (1918–1992)

No. Portrait Name Lifespan Ethnicity Took office Left office Political affiliation(s)
(1918–1938)
1 style="background-color:Template:National Democracy (Czechoslovakia)/meta/color; color:white" | Karel Kramář 1860–1937 Czech 14 November 1918 8 July 1919 ČSND
2 style="background-color:Template:CSSD/meta/color; color:white" | Vlastimil Tusar 1880–1924 Czech 8 July 1919 15 September 1920 ČSSD
3 style="background-color:Template:Independent (politician)/meta/color; color:black" | Jan Černý 1874–1959 Czech 15 September 1920 26 September 1921 Independent
4 style="background-color:Template:Independent (politician)/meta/color; color:black" | Edvard Beneš 1884–1948 Czech 26 September 1921 7 October 1922 Independent
5 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party of Farmers and Peasants/meta/color; color:white" | Antonín Švehla 1873–1933 Czech 7 October 1922 18 March 1926 RSZML / Pětka
6 style="background-color:Template:Independent (politician)/meta/color; color:black" | Jan Černý 1874–1959 Czech 18 March 1926 12 October 1926 Independent
7 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party of Farmers and Peasants/meta/color; color:white" | Antonín Švehla 1873–1933 Czech 12 October 1926 1 February 1929 RSZML / Pětka
8 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party of Farmers and Peasants/meta/color; color:white" | František Udržal 1866–1938 Czech 1 February 1929 24 October 1932 RSZML
9 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party of Farmers and Peasants/meta/color; color:white" | Jan Malypetr 1873–1947 Czech 24 October 1932 5 November 1935 RSZML
10 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party of Farmers and Peasants/meta/color; color:white" | Milan Hodža 1878–1944 Slovak 5 November 1935 22 September 1938 RSZML
(1938–1939)
11 style="background-color:Template:Independent (politician)/meta/color; color:black" | Jan Syrový 1888–1970 Czech 22 September 1938 1 December 1938 Independent
12 style="background-color:Template:Party of National Unity (Czechoslovakia)/meta/color; color:white" | Rudolf Beran 1887–1954 Czech 1 December 1938 15 March 1939 RSZML / SNJ
13 (1939–1945)
Alois Eliáš became Prime Minister of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, a de iure autonomous region incorporated into Nazi Germany.[1][2]
Vojtech Tuka became Prime Minister of the quasi-independent, pro-Nazi and clero-fascist Slovak Republic.
Julian Révaý became Prime Minister of the Carpatho-Ukraine few days before occupation by the Kingdom of Hungary.
(1940–1945)
14 style="background-color:Template:Czechoslovak People's Party/meta/color; color:white" | Jan Šrámek 1870–1956 Czech 21 July 1940 5 April 1945 ČSL
(1945–1948)
15 style="background-color:Template:CSSD/meta/color; color:white" | Zdeněk Fierlinger 1891–1976 Czech 5 April 1945 2 July 1946 ČSSD
16 style="background-color:Template:Communist Party of Czechoslovakia/meta/color; color:white" | Klement Gottwald 1896–1953 Czech 2 July 1946 15 June 1948 KSČ
(1948–1989)
Official names: Czechoslovak Republic (1948–1960), Czechoslovak Socialist Republic (1960–1989)
17 style="background-color:Template:Communist Party of Czechoslovakia/meta/color; color:white" | Antonín Zápotocký 1884–1957 Czech 15 June 1948 14 March 1953 KSČ
18 style="background-color:Template:Communist Party of Czechoslovakia/meta/color; color:white" | Viliam Široký 1902–1971 Slovak 14 March 1953 20 September 1963 KSČ
19 style="background-color:Template:Communist Party of Czechoslovakia/meta/color; color:white" | Jozef Lenárt 1923–2004 Slovak 20 September 1963 8 April 1968 KSČ
20 style="background-color:Template:Communist Party of Czechoslovakia/meta/color; color:white" | File:(Zari68)Oldrich Cernik.jpg Oldřich Černík 1921–1994 Czech 8 April 1968 28 January 1970 KSČ
21 style="background-color:Template:Communist Party of Czechoslovakia/meta/color; color:white" | Lubomír Štrougal born 1924 Czech 28 January 1970 12 October 1988 KSČ
22 style="background-color:Template:Communist Party of Czechoslovakia/meta/color; color:white" | Ladislav Adamec 1926–2007 Czech 12 October 1988 7 December 1989 KSČ
(1989–1992)
Official names: Czechoslovak Socialist Republic (1989–1990), Czech and Slovak Federative Republic (1990–1992)
23 style="background-color:Template:Civic Democratic Union (Slovakia)/meta/color; color:white" | Marián Čalfa born 1946 Slovak 7 December 1989 2 July 1992 KSČ / VPN / ODÚ
23 style="background-color:Template:Civic Democratic Party (Czech Republic)/meta/color; color:white" | Jan Stráský born 1940 Czech 2 July 1992 31 December 1992 ODS

Czech and Slovak Federative Republic(1990–1992)Edit

6 March 1990 – 31 December 1992: called "Czech Republic" within Czechoslovakia.

Prime Ministers of the Czech Republic

Parties

 OF

No. Portrait Name

(Birth–Death)

Term of Office Political Party Cabinet National Council
Took Office Left Office Days
24 Petr Pithart(1941–) 6 February 1990 29 June 1990 877 Civic Forum(OF)

OF later replaced by OH

I KSČ – ČSL – OF 5 (1986)
29 June 1990 2 July 1992 II OF – HSD-SMS – KDU

OF later replaced by OHandODS

6 (1990)

Czech Republic(1993–present)Edit

From 1 January 1993 after the dissolution of Czechoslovakia.

Parties

 ODS (Liberal-conservative)

 ČSSD (Social democratic)

 ANO (Centrist)

 Independent

No. Portrait Name

(Birth–Death)

Term of Office Political Party Cabinet Chamber of Deputies
Took Office Left Office Days
25 Václav Klaus(1941–) 2 July 1992 4 July 1996 2,010 Civic Democratic Party(ODS) I ODS – KDU-ČSL – ODA – KDS 1 (1992)
4 July 1996 2 January 1998 II ODS – KDU-ČSL – ODA 2 (1996)
26 Josef Tošovský(1950–) 17 December 1997 22 July 1998 201 Independent • ODS – KDU-ČSL – ODA

ODSlater replaced by US

2 ( ···· )
27 Miloš Zeman(1944–) 17 July 1998 15 July 2002 1,454 Czech Social Democratic Party(ČSSD) • ČSSD 3 (1998)
28 Vladimír Špidla(1951–) 12 July 2002 4 August 2004 751 Czech Social Democratic Party(ČSSD) • ČSSD – KDU-ČSL – US–DEU 4 (2002)
29 Stanislav Gross(1969–2015) 26 July 2004 25 April 2005 264 Czech Social Democratic Party(ČSSD) • ČSSD – KDU-ČSL – US–DEU 4 ( ···· )
30 Jiří Paroubek(1952–) 25 April 2005 4 September 2006 497 Czech Social Democratic Party(ČSSD) • ČSSD – KDU-ČSL – US–DEU 4 ( ···· )
31 Mirek Topolánek(1956–) 16 August 2006 9 January 2007 977 Civic Democratic Party(ODS) I ODS 5 (2006)
8 November 2006 8 May 2009 II ODS – KDU-ČSL – SZ 5 ( ···· )
32 Jan Fischer(1951–) 9 April 2009 13 July 2010 431 Independent • No party 5 ( ···· )
33 Petr Nečas(1964–) 28 June 2010 10 July 2013 1,093 Civic Democratic Party(ODS) • ODS – TOP 09– VV

VV later replaced byLIDEM

6 (2010)
34 Jiří Rusnok(1960–) 25 June 2013 29 January 2014 203 Independent • ČSSD– KDU-ČSL

ČSSDexited cabinet

6 ( ···· )
35 Bohuslav Sobotka(1971–) 17 January 2014 13 December 2017 1,426 Czech Social Democratic Party(ČSSD) • ČSSD – ANO 2011 – KDU-ČSL 7 (2013)
36 Andrej Babiš(1954–) 6 December 2017 27 June 2018 480 ANO 2011 I ANO 2011 8 (2017)
27 June 2018 Incumbent

Timeline

Jan StráskýMarián ČalfaLadislav AdamecLubomír ŠtrougalOldřich ČerníkJozef LenártViliam ŠirokýAntonín ZápotockýKlement GottwaldZdeněk FierlingerRudolf BeranJan SyrovýMilan HodžaJan MalypetrFrantišek UdržalAntonín ŠvehlaJan ČernýAntonín ŠvehlaEdvard BenešJan ČernýVlastimil TusarKarel Kramář

References

  1. ^ Rare 1943 Third Reich facts booklet
  2. ^ Heavily illustrated rare big original 1943 Nazi book on Eastern Europe and Asia Archived 2009-04-10 at the Wayback Machine

See also

Politics of Czechoslovakia
Constitution
  • Executive
  • Legislative
Elections
Administrative divisions
States
Dissolution
Foreign relations
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